高考英语二轮专题：定语从句复习 课件（29张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题：定语从句复习 课件（29张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-27 22:07:34 | ||
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(共29张PPT)
.
定语从句(复习)
Revision of
the Attributive Clause
一、概念
a red apple
= An apple that/ which is red
a bridge being built
= A bridge that/ which is being built
1. A plane is a machine .The machine can fly.
Join the following sentences.
2. I showed him this letter . I received it just now.
that / which
that
isn’t a true man.
He doesn’t reach the Great Wall .
who
3. He
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词或句子的从句叫
定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词或句子叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
This is the novel ________ interests me.
that/which
关系词的作用：
代替先行词；
引导定语从句（连接）；
在从句中充当句子成分。
二、关系代词
关系代词 that which who whom whose
指代
成分
省略情况
Fill in the blanks using that, who, which, whom or whose.
This is the factory __________ we visited the other day.
Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.
The man ________ is talking with my mother is a policeman.
I want a friend ________________ I could tell everything to.
(that / which)
whose
that / who
(that / who /whom)
Fill in the blanks using that, who, which, whom or whose.
5. This is the house in _____ I was born.
6. Her parents wouldn’t let him marry anybody ______ family was poor.
7. China is not the country ________ she used to be.
8. I don’t like the stories ___________ have unhappy endings.
which
whose
that
that / which
人/物
主/宾/表
物
主/宾
人
主/宾
人
宾
人/物
定语
关系词作宾语时可省，但介词提前时宾语不省.
关系代词 that which who whom whose
指代
成分
省略情况
This is the best factory ______ we have ever visited.
They talked about the persons and things ____ they saw in the factory.
I’ll do everything _____ I can to help you.
This is the very book ____ I’ve been looking for.
Which is the car _____ was made in Beijing?
I was impressed by the way _____ she did it.
(that)
(that)
(that)
(that)
that
(that)
定语从句中，用that而不用which的一些情况：
当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时；
当先行词被adj.最高级或序数词修饰时；
当先行词被the very, the only, the right修饰时；
当先行词既有人又有物时；
当避免与疑问词which/ who重复时；
当关系词在定语从句中作表语时。
1.This is all ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
A
2.This is ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
B
3.Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?
A. that B./ C. which D .it
A
三、关系副词
when
A booking office is a place _______ tickets are sold.
There was a time ____ the businessman lost heart.
I don’t know the reason _____ he was absent.
where
why
This is the factory ______ I worked 10 years ago.
This is the farm ______ I worked 10 years ago.
in which
on which
四、定从的种类
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
区别1：形式上
限: The old has a son who is a doctor.
非限: The old has a son, who is a doctor.
区别2：功能上
This is the man who gave me the money.
Wang Dong，who is in the room，wants to ask you some questions．
区别4：翻译上
区别3：关系词上
In their class，there are fifteen students who/ that can speak English well．
In their class，there are fifteen students, who can speak English well．
区别5：含义上
Tom drove too fast, which was dangerous.
He didn’t pass the exam, which upset his parents.
Mr. Smith, who is living in Paris, is coming back next week.
He who laughs last laughs best.
She is a student whom we should learn from.
区别6：先行词上
Tom drove too fast, which was dangerous.
He didn’t pass the exam, which upset his parents.
Mr. Smith, who is living in Paris, is coming back next week.
He who laughs last laughs best.
She is a student whom we should learn from.
区别 限定性 非限定性
形式上 无 ， 有 ，
功能上 修饰、限制，去掉后句子意思不完整 补充、说明，去掉后句子意思仍完整
翻译上 “……的” 分开译
含义上
关系词上 9个 不用that, 不能省略
先行词上 名词、代词 名词、代词，短语或句子
The films _________ you describe can’t be shown at all.
Such films _________ you describe can’t be shown at all.
that / which
as
五、as 引导的定语从句
1. 引导限定性定语从句，用于固定搭配
as…as… so…as …
the same…as… such …as…
像＼正如．．．那样．．．
2.▲ the same…as… 表示相似的东西.
▲ the same…that… 表示同一物或人.
This is the same knife that I lost.
This is the same knife as I lost.
这就是我丢的那把刀．
这是和我丢的那把一样的刀．
This is such an easy question____ I can answer.
This is such an easy question ____ I can answer it.
3.▲ such …as… 像＼正如…那样（定 从）
▲ such…that… 如此…以致于（状 从）
as
that
4. as与which引导的非限定性定语从句
相同点：两者引导非限制性定语从句时，它们的先行词都可以是整个句子。
As everyone can see, she is working hard.
She married him, which was natural.
区别：1. 翻译不同
As we know , the earth is round.
We won the game at last, as we all expected.
They have decided to stay at home, which is a wise choice.
as—— “正如/正像….那样”, 通常与know, see, expect, mention等词连用
which——“这一点，这件事”
区别：2. 位置不同
As we know, Taiwan belongs to China.
Taiwan belongs to China, as we know.
They’ve won their last three matches, which I find a bit surprising actually.
as引导的非限定从位置比较灵活
which引导的非限定从不能放在句首
1. ______has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A. Which B. What C. That D. As
2. We do the same work_____they do.
which B. as C. than D. like
3.She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
六、介词+关系词
whom
which
whose+n.
1. 介词后常用哪几个关系词
This is the house in _____ I lived last year.
This is the hero of _____ we are proud.
This is the boss in _____ company my sister works.
which
whom
whose
Do you like the book __________she spent $10?
Do you like the book __________she paid $10?
Do you like the book __________ she learned a lot?
Do you like the book __________ she often talks?
on which
for which
from which
about which
This is the factory _______ I worked 10 years ago.
This is the farm _______ I worked 10 years ago.
in which
on which
China is a beautiful country, _______we are proud?
He bought a new novel, _______we were interested?
of which
in which
2. 介词如何选择
**根据先行词，
根据从句中动词的固定搭配，
根据从句adj.的固定搭配
1.she is a teacher of much knowledge, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
D
2.He built a telescope _____ he could study the skies.
in which B. with that
C. through which D. by it
C
3. of + which / whom
译：他喜欢封皮是紫色的那本书。
He likes the book whose cover is purple.
He likes the book the cover of which is purple.
He likes the book of which the cover is purple.
*** whose + n. = the + n. + of which
= of which + the +n.
七、关系词如何选择
1. I’ll never forget the days _______ we worked together.
I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together.
2. I went to the place ________I worked ten years ago.
I went to the place ________ I visited ten years ago.
3. This is the reason _______ he was late.
This is the reason _______ he gave.
4. His movie won several awards, ______ was beyond
his wildest dream.
when
(that)
where
(that)
why
(that)
which
.
定语从句(复习)
Revision of
the Attributive Clause
一、概念
a red apple
= An apple that/ which is red
a bridge being built
= A bridge that/ which is being built
1. A plane is a machine .The machine can fly.
Join the following sentences.
2. I showed him this letter . I received it just now.
that / which
that
isn’t a true man.
He doesn’t reach the Great Wall .
who
3. He
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词或句子的从句叫
定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词或句子叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
This is the novel ________ interests me.
that/which
关系词的作用：
代替先行词；
引导定语从句（连接）；
在从句中充当句子成分。
二、关系代词
关系代词 that which who whom whose
指代
成分
省略情况
Fill in the blanks using that, who, which, whom or whose.
This is the factory __________ we visited the other day.
Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.
The man ________ is talking with my mother is a policeman.
I want a friend ________________ I could tell everything to.
(that / which)
whose
that / who
(that / who /whom)
Fill in the blanks using that, who, which, whom or whose.
5. This is the house in _____ I was born.
6. Her parents wouldn’t let him marry anybody ______ family was poor.
7. China is not the country ________ she used to be.
8. I don’t like the stories ___________ have unhappy endings.
which
whose
that
that / which
人/物
主/宾/表
物
主/宾
人
主/宾
人
宾
人/物
定语
关系词作宾语时可省，但介词提前时宾语不省.
关系代词 that which who whom whose
指代
成分
省略情况
This is the best factory ______ we have ever visited.
They talked about the persons and things ____ they saw in the factory.
I’ll do everything _____ I can to help you.
This is the very book ____ I’ve been looking for.
Which is the car _____ was made in Beijing?
I was impressed by the way _____ she did it.
(that)
(that)
(that)
(that)
that
(that)
定语从句中，用that而不用which的一些情况：
当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时；
当先行词被adj.最高级或序数词修饰时；
当先行词被the very, the only, the right修饰时；
当先行词既有人又有物时；
当避免与疑问词which/ who重复时；
当关系词在定语从句中作表语时。
1.This is all ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
A
2.This is ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
B
3.Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?
A. that B./ C. which D .it
A
三、关系副词
when
A booking office is a place _______ tickets are sold.
There was a time ____ the businessman lost heart.
I don’t know the reason _____ he was absent.
where
why
This is the factory ______ I worked 10 years ago.
This is the farm ______ I worked 10 years ago.
in which
on which
四、定从的种类
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
区别1：形式上
限: The old has a son who is a doctor.
非限: The old has a son, who is a doctor.
区别2：功能上
This is the man who gave me the money.
Wang Dong，who is in the room，wants to ask you some questions．
区别4：翻译上
区别3：关系词上
In their class，there are fifteen students who/ that can speak English well．
In their class，there are fifteen students, who can speak English well．
区别5：含义上
Tom drove too fast, which was dangerous.
He didn’t pass the exam, which upset his parents.
Mr. Smith, who is living in Paris, is coming back next week.
He who laughs last laughs best.
She is a student whom we should learn from.
区别6：先行词上
Tom drove too fast, which was dangerous.
He didn’t pass the exam, which upset his parents.
Mr. Smith, who is living in Paris, is coming back next week.
He who laughs last laughs best.
She is a student whom we should learn from.
区别 限定性 非限定性
形式上 无 ， 有 ，
功能上 修饰、限制，去掉后句子意思不完整 补充、说明，去掉后句子意思仍完整
翻译上 “……的” 分开译
含义上
关系词上 9个 不用that, 不能省略
先行词上 名词、代词 名词、代词，短语或句子
The films _________ you describe can’t be shown at all.
Such films _________ you describe can’t be shown at all.
that / which
as
五、as 引导的定语从句
1. 引导限定性定语从句，用于固定搭配
as…as… so…as …
the same…as… such …as…
像＼正如．．．那样．．．
2.▲ the same…as… 表示相似的东西.
▲ the same…that… 表示同一物或人.
This is the same knife that I lost.
This is the same knife as I lost.
这就是我丢的那把刀．
这是和我丢的那把一样的刀．
This is such an easy question____ I can answer.
This is such an easy question ____ I can answer it.
3.▲ such …as… 像＼正如…那样（定 从）
▲ such…that… 如此…以致于（状 从）
as
that
4. as与which引导的非限定性定语从句
相同点：两者引导非限制性定语从句时，它们的先行词都可以是整个句子。
As everyone can see, she is working hard.
She married him, which was natural.
区别：1. 翻译不同
As we know , the earth is round.
We won the game at last, as we all expected.
They have decided to stay at home, which is a wise choice.
as—— “正如/正像….那样”, 通常与know, see, expect, mention等词连用
which——“这一点，这件事”
区别：2. 位置不同
As we know, Taiwan belongs to China.
Taiwan belongs to China, as we know.
They’ve won their last three matches, which I find a bit surprising actually.
as引导的非限定从位置比较灵活
which引导的非限定从不能放在句首
1. ______has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A. Which B. What C. That D. As
2. We do the same work_____they do.
which B. as C. than D. like
3.She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
六、介词+关系词
whom
which
whose+n.
1. 介词后常用哪几个关系词
This is the house in _____ I lived last year.
This is the hero of _____ we are proud.
This is the boss in _____ company my sister works.
which
whom
whose
Do you like the book __________she spent $10?
Do you like the book __________she paid $10?
Do you like the book __________ she learned a lot?
Do you like the book __________ she often talks?
on which
for which
from which
about which
This is the factory _______ I worked 10 years ago.
This is the farm _______ I worked 10 years ago.
in which
on which
China is a beautiful country, _______we are proud?
He bought a new novel, _______we were interested?
of which
in which
2. 介词如何选择
**根据先行词，
根据从句中动词的固定搭配，
根据从句adj.的固定搭配
1.she is a teacher of much knowledge, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
D
2.He built a telescope _____ he could study the skies.
in which B. with that
C. through which D. by it
C
3. of + which / whom
译：他喜欢封皮是紫色的那本书。
He likes the book whose cover is purple.
He likes the book the cover of which is purple.
He likes the book of which the cover is purple.
*** whose + n. = the + n. + of which
= of which + the +n.
七、关系词如何选择
1. I’ll never forget the days _______ we worked together.
I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together.
2. I went to the place ________I worked ten years ago.
I went to the place ________ I visited ten years ago.
3. This is the reason _______ he was late.
This is the reason _______ he gave.
4. His movie won several awards, ______ was beyond
his wildest dream.
when
(that)
where
(that)
why
(that)
which