牛津译林中考英语二轮专题复习：定语从句讲解学案+练习（含答案）

牛津英语------定语从句讲解与练习学案
一、定语从句的理解： 定语从句中常用的关系词有：
关系代词 who / whom (先行词表示人) which (先行词表示物) that / whose (先行词表示人或物)
关系副词 when (表示时间) where (表示地点) why (表示原因)
二．按关系词种类学习
（一）关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
注：that的用法
(a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
　Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
(b) 先行词有the only, the very, the last, just修饰时，只用that。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我想买的字典。
(c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。
(d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
(2) 不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
The necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday. 你送给我做礼物的项链昨天丢了。
(b) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
（二）关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词= 介词+关系代词
why= for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
3. why指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
三．使用定语从句需要注意的问题：
（1）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。
如：The play（which）I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.
我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次。
（2） 当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
如：This is the house (that/ which )we lived in last year.
= This is the house in which we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的房子。
【跟踪练习】 2018年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——定语从句
1. There will be a flower show in the park________________ we visited last week.
A. who B. when C. what D. which
2 . —Now many people smoke and get ill. —So we should do something ____ can help stop smoking.
A. what B. who C. / D. that
3.I still remember the time_____ we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.
A. when B. what C. who D. which
4. We all like the story about the teacher _______ happened in our school last week.
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
5.She is considered as the most beautiful teacher ___________gave her love to her students in danger.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
6. Mr. Smith __________ is smoking is looking for________ she lost yesterday.
A. whom; which B. who; what C. that; who D. which; where
7. Success will belong to those ________never say "impossible".
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
8. This is the primary school ______ I studied three years ago.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
9.??I’ve?returned?all?the?books____?I?borrowed?from?the?library.
? A.?which? ? B.?them? C.?what?? D.?that
10.??There?isn’t?much______?I?can?tell?you.
?A.?what ? B.?which?? C.?that??? D.?where
11.??She?kept?a?record?of?everything____?happened?during?the?meeting.?
A.?when? B.?that ? C.?which? D.?what
12.??Please?tell?us?about?the?persons?and?the?places?____?you?visited?in?Shanghai.
? A.?that? ?? B.?who ?? C.?which? ? D.?whom
13.California?was?the?first?state?____I?had?visited?in?the?US.
A.?where? B.?that ?? C.?which?? ?? D.?what
14.The woman with _______you talked just now is my English teacher.
A. that B.who C. D.whom
15.This is the factory in ______my father works.
A.?that? B.?where?? C.?which?? ? D.?
16 .I like anything ___________is sweet.
A?.that?? B?.which??? C?.who? ?? D.
17.This?is?the?very?house____?we?are?looking?for.
? A.?where? B.??that? C.? ? D.? which?
18. I did find some glasses in the highest cupboard ______ was broken and couldn’t be used.
A?.which?? ??? B?.that??? C?.them?? D. whom
19. Is this museum _____ you visited last summer?
??? A. which???? ??? B. that ???????????? C. one?????????? D. the one
20.The boys who _____ football are from the country.
A .are playing B. is playing C. plays D. to play
21.At last, the man handed everything ____ he has stolen to the police.
A. which B .what C. that D. who
22. This is the most interesting journey ____ I have ever heard of.
A .which B. who C. that D. whom
23.He is a singer who _____ his own lyrics.
A. write B. writes C. writing D. to writ
24. All the children like the teachers _______ can understand them.
A.who B. which C. what D.whom
Keys:1--5 DDDAB 6--10 BCADC 11--15BABDC 16--20 ABBDA 21--24 CCBA