Unit 2 Great people 知识点归纳总结课件（PPT23张）

课件23张PPT。
9B U2
Unit2 Language Points1　Who do you think is the greatest person in history, Eddie?
2 I’ve never heard of him.
hear of =hear about 听说
hear from 收到……的来信
Did you hear of/about Hua Chenyu from Super Boy?
I hear of/about the news the day before yesterday.
【拓展】
① hear表示“听到、听说”，强调听的结果，listen则表示“听”，强调听的动作。类似的还有：look“看”，see“看到”；look for“寻找”，find“找到”。
I listened carefully but I couldn’t hear what he said.
② hear sb. doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”
Can you hear the girl singing in the next room?
③ hear sb. do sth.“听到某人做某事的全过程”
Parents heard the teacher scold their son for half an hour. 3. South African,a fighter for the rights of black Africans all his life
南非人，一位终生为非洲黑人权利而奋斗的战士
1） South African 名词，“南非人”。South African形容词，“南非的”。
“南非”South Africa。
Three South Africans visited our school yesterday.
昨天三位南非人参观了我们的学校。
一些表示国家或地区的名词，可加后缀-（a）n，构成形容词/名词，“……的/人”
Africa非洲——African非洲的；非洲人
Italy 意大利——ltalian意大利的；意大利人
Europe欧洲——European欧洲的；欧洲人
Russia 俄罗斯——Russian俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人
2） fighter可数名词，“战士”。动词fight加后缀-er构成。
He was a fighter for racial equality. 他是一个为种族平等而奋斗的战士。
①fight不及物动词，“与.……作斗争”。
常与介词against或with连用。
She was always fighting with her neighbors .
她和她的邻居总是争吵。
②fight n. 打架 have a fight with sb 与某人打了一架 4 Italian, one of the first Europeans to discover America.
(1)the first (one) to do sth.“第一个做某事的人”。动词不定式常用作定语修饰序数词或者序数词修饰的名词。
Li Ming is always the first one to get to the classroom.
Discover vt.发现 discovery n.发现 Reading
【知识点精讲】
1 He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six.
become/be interested in “对…….感兴趣”， =“take/have an interest in”.
The foreigners took/had a great interest in the culture of China.
外国人对中国的丈化很感兴趣。
2 licence (license) n. 执照，许可照 driving licence 驾照
3 Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and served as a pilot for three years.
(1) ① join+组织/团体，表示“加入到某个组织中并成为其中一员”。
He joined the army in 1990.
② join+sb. in(doing) sth.表示“加入某人做某事”。
Would you like to join us in playing computer games?
③ join in表示参加某种活动，相当于take part in。
College students join in many activities after class.
(2) serve vi.服役 serve as +兵种
vt.服务 serve sb. service n.服务?4 He flew over 1,100 hours and tested all types of aircraft.
all types of“各种类型的；形形色色的”。
5 He was chosen to become an astronaut. In 1966, he went into space as command pilot of Gemini 8.
6 He and David Scott managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space.
manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，指经过努力达到了目的，强调结果。
manage to do sth.=succeed in doing sth.
Lily managed to get the driving licence and she was very happy.
莉莉成功拿到了驾照，她很高兴。7 However, on their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control.
1）control n.&vt. 控制 beyond control 难以控制
in control of 处于控制地位 out of control 失去控制的
under control“被控制”
8 Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short.
1) order n.&vt. 命令
If you make any more noise I’ll order you out of the room.
【拓展】
①order n.&vt. 订单，订货
This is an order for five hundred bags.
②order n. 次序，顺序 Please put them in the right order.
2) cut..short 缩减 I'll cut the long story short.
cut down 缩减 9. He successfully brought the spacecraft down into the western Pacific Ocean.
bring down （使飞机）降落，
bring down的其他用法： ①减少（价格）；使跌落 ②打垮；击败
10. Together with Buzz Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft Apollo on the Moon.
“主谓一致”
①有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。
此类连接词有together with,with,along with,as well as,besides,like,without,except
（but），including等。
②还有另一类连接词，句中的谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。
此类接词有or，either.…or..,neither..nor..…not only...but also...等。
2） land可作及物动词，也作不及物动词，
①.land及物动词，“使上岸，使登陆，使到达”。
②land不及物动词，“靠岸，登陆，登岸，到达”。
The spaceship landed safely. 宇宙飞船安全着陆了 12 one step for (a) man,one giant leap for mankind.
13 They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research.
further是far的比较级，far的比较级有两种形式，即farther和further，farther表示具体的距离上“更远、较远”；further除了表示距离上“更远”以外，还可以表示抽象意义上“更进一步”。
14 Neil Armstrong was presented with the Medal of Freedom, the highest award that a US citizen can receive.15 He was the pride of the whole world.
pride n.骄傲
take pride in=be proud of 对……感到骄傲
The man is proud of his past achievements.
=The man takes pride in his past achievements.
16 a piece of paper that shows you are allowed to do something
一张证明你被允许做某事的纸
be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”。
主动形式是allow sb.to do sth.，“允许某人做某事”。 Grammar
1 I am working on a history project this week.
work on“致力于；从事”。
2 I am leaving for Shanghai tonight.
①leave for+地点 动身去某地
I'm leaving for Dalian tomorrow. 我打算明天动身去大连。
② leave+地点+for+另一地点 离开某地前往另一个地方
He left Paris for London yesterday. 他昨天离开巴黎去伦救了。
③leave 遗留，遗赠 leave sb. sth.=leave sth. to sb.
④leave接复合宾语，“使……处于……状态”。
其复合宾语中的补语可以由形容词、介词（短语）、名词等来充当。
Leave the door open.让门开着。
⑤leave“忘了带；丢下”，其后可接地点状语。
I've left my bag on the bus.我把包忘在公共汽车上了。3 Many modern inventions have made a great difference in our lie.
make a great difference“产生很大的影响”。
make a difference to 对……产影响
to是介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。
One false step will make a great difference.(谚）失之毫屋，谬以千里。
4 In the past, people washed their clothes by hand.
by hand表示“用手、手工的”。
【拓展】hand的相关短语
on the one (other) hand 一方面（另一方面）
hand in 上交 hand out 分发 Integrated skills &Study skills
1 Help Millie complete her notes with as much information as you can.
用尽可能多的信息帮助米莉完成她的笔记。
as... sb.can/could=as...as possible “尽可能..….地”。
Some people think the government should spend as much money as they can to explore other planets.
I spend as much time as I can ________ (practise) English.
2 married a French scientist called Pierre Curie in 1895
marry vi&vt.
①marry to sb.“嫁给某人”（主语是女性）。
She has been married to the man for 20 years.她嫁给这个男人20年了。
②marry sb. 嫁给某人，与某人结婚 （主语是男是女皆可）。
John married Mary last week.上周约翰和马丽结婚了。
③marry sb.to sb. （父母把女儿）嫁给某人”或“（父母为儿子）娶媳妇”。
She married her daughter to a business man.她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。
④get married “结婚”。
get maried to sb.“与某人结婚”。
3 It was brave of him to go to a place that was unknown to humans at that time.
unknown adj.未知的、不出名的”， be unknown to意为“对……是未知的”。4 She also pushed for the use of X-ray machines, which are now widely used in hospitals.
widely 表示抽象意义上的“宽”，意为“广泛地，普遍地”。
English is widely used in the world.
wide此处用作副词，意为“充分地”，表示实际意义上的“宽”。
That man died with his eyes open wide.
wide还可用作形容词，意为“宽广的，宽阔的；……宽的”。4 She also pushed for the use of X-ray machines, which are now widely used in hospitals.
widely 表示抽象意义上的“宽”，意为“广泛地，普遍地”。
English is widely used in the world.
wide此处用作副词，意为“充分地”，表示实际意义上的“宽”。
That man died with his eyes open wide.
wide还可用作形容词，意为“宽广的，宽阔的；……宽的”。5 It's said that it's a lot of trouble being Harry Potter, esp.when you're a 78-yr-old man and happen to share the name of a world-famous boy with magic powers.
①It is said that... “据说..……
It is said that is will snow tomorrow. 据说明天会下雪。
【拓展】
类似“It is said that...”的句式：
①It is believed that...据说……据信.……
②It is known that..众所周知……，人们认为…
③It is reported that...据报道..……
It is reported that many new houses are being built at present in the disaster area.
据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房子Task&Self-assessment
1 saw people die of hunger(n.饥饿), so began research into hybrid rice.
die vi.死亡，生命结束 die-died-died，dying; death n.死亡，dead adj.去世的。
注意：
①die是终止性动词，不可与时间段连用，若与时间段连用可用be dead。
He has been dead for ten years. 他已死了10年了。
②die用于进行时态时，意为“快要死去”。
He is very ill and I'm afraid he's dying.他病得很重，恐怕他快要死了。
③die的现在分词作定语，表示“临死的”。his dying words他临死时说的话
【拓展】辨析：die of 与die from
两者都有“因……而死”之意。
①die of“因……而死”，强调内因，如疾病、年老、悲伤或饥饿等。
She died of hunger.她死于饥饿。
②die from“由于……而死”，强调外因，如受伤、灾害、事故等。
She died from a car accident last year.她去年死于一场车祸.2 happen to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had many advantages over others.
1）happen不及物动词，“发生”；happen to do sth.
①happen to sb.“某人发生什么事”。 What happened to you?你发生什么事了？
2）natural形容词，“自然的，天然的”；
名词为nature，“自然，自然界”；副词为naturally，“天生地，自然地”。
The country's natural resources include forests,coal and oil.
这个国家的自然资源包括森林、媒和石油。
3）have the/an advantage over“与……相比有某种优势，优于……”；
①over介词，“与……相比；与……比较而言”与choose,like,prefer等动词连用。
Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players.
他个子高，比其他运动员有利。
3 which produced 20% more rice per unit than other common kinds
①produce及物动词，“产生；生产”，接名词或代词作宾语。
What does the farm produce?这个农场生产什么？
The factory produces 1,000 cars a month.这家工厂每月生产1000辆汽车。
②produce不可数名词，意为“产品；农产品”。
He took the produce of his garden to the market every Sunday.
他每个星期天把自己园中的农产品带到集市去。4 this new type of hybrid rice was introduced into the USA
be introduced into “被引入，传入”。
Potatoes were introduced into Europe from South America.
土豆是从南美传入欧洲的。
Pandas have been introduced into other countries from China.
大熊猫已由中国引入其他国家。5 his achievements have increased rice production by 20%-30%,and in some places even more
1）achievement cn. 成就，业绩
We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.
当我们到达山顶时，我们有一种巨大的成就感。
【拓展】
①achieve及物动词，“达到；完成；成功”，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、梦想等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。
She achieved success.地获得了成功。
2）increase by“增加了”。 increase to意为“增加到”。
increase by $10增加了10美元 increase to$10增加到10美元
【拓展】
类似的用法：
reduce by“减少了”； reduce to意为“减少到”。
reduce by 5%减少了5% reduce to5%减少到5%
6 has spent all his life on the research and development of better rice plants.
development n.发展 with the development of “随着……的发展”。
Developing adj.发展中的 developed adj.发达的”。
China is a developing country.
America is a developed country.7 That is why I admire him so much.这就是我如此钦佩他的原因。
that's why..…. “这就是……的原因”，后接某事产生的结果
That's why he was late.那就是他迟到的原图。
【拓展】
①That's because... “那是因为.…”，后接某事发生的原因。
I was late for the meeting.That's because I met my old friend on the way.
我开会迟到了，是因为我在来的路上遇到了我的一位老朋友。
I met my old friend on the way,and that's why I was late for the meeting.
我在来的路上遇到了我的一位老朋友，因此我开会迟到了。
②that's what...for意为“这就是…的目的”，强调目的。what for=why
That's what he gets up early every day for.
这就是他每天早起的目的。
That's what group work is for!这就是小组合作的目的！