上海市2020年中考英语二轮专题练习：阅读理解之社会交际 (11篇 含答案)

Passage 1
How do you address(称呼) people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. Usually, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.
2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal(正式) for most situations. They are used mostly to customers(顾客) in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don’t know.
3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr”, “Mrs”, “Ms”, etc, before their family names.
4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
1. According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to ______.
A. address a person you don’t know B. apologize to others
C. catch the attention of a stranger D. suggest good manners
2. If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him ______.
A. John B. Smith C. Mr John D. Mr Smith
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. “Sir” and “Madam” are used more often in America than in England.
B. People often use “Mr”, “Mrs” or “Ms” before the first names of those people who they don’t know very well.
C. “Pal” and “mate” are usually only used between men.
D. While addressing friends, people just use their first names
4. The passage is most likely taken from an English _______.
A. textbook B. card C. storybook D. grammar book
参考答案：【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了在英国当你想和他人谈话时，怎样称呼他们才最合适。
1. C。细节题。根据第1条 if you want to catch the attention of a strange it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me” 可知答案为 C。
2. A。细节题。根据第3条 If you are friends, use their first names 可知答案为 A。
3. B。细节题。根据原文可知 A、C、D 三项说法是正确的；根据第3条 if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr”, “Mrs”, etc, before their family names可知 B 项说法是错误的，所以此题答案为 B。
4. A。判断题。根据常识可知 card(卡片)、storybook(故事书)、grammar book(语法书)里都不能有这种文章，只有 textbook(课本)中才可能有这种文章，所以答案为 A。



Passage 2
One silly question I simply can’t stand is “How do you feel?” Usually the question is asked of a man in action—a man on the go, walking along the streets, or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He’ll probably say, “Fine, I’m all right,” but you have put a bug(小虫子) in his ear—maybe now he’s not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he overlooked(忽略) that morning. It starts worrying him a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else “How do you feel?” Every question has its time and place. It’s perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask “How do you feel?” if you’re visiting a close friend in the hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to take a train, or sitting at his desk working, it’s silly to ask him that silly question. When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays, was in his eighties, someone asked him. “How do you feel?” Shaw put him in his place. “When you reach my age”, he said, “either you feel all right or you’re dead.”
1. According to the writer, greetings such as “How do you feel?” _______.
A. show one’s consideration for others B. are a good way to make friends
C. are proper to ask a man in action D. generally make one feel uneasy
2. The question “How do you feel?” seems to be correct and suitable when asked of??_______.
A. a man working at his desk
B. a person having lost a close friend
C. a stranger who looks somewhat worried
D. a friend who is ill
3. George Bernard Shaw’s reply in the passage shows his_______.
A. cheerfulness B. cleverness
C. ability D. politeness
4. “You’ve put a bug in his ear” means that you’ve_______.
A. made him laugh B. shown concern for him
C. made fun of him D. given him some kind of warning
【答案与解析】文章告诉我们，在通常情况下，我们不宜用How do you feel? 来问候别人，除非你是看去看望住院的好友。
1. D。判断题。根据第1句话One silly question I simply can’t stand is “How do you feel?” 可以看出作者的鲜明观点。
2. D。语义理解题。根据 It’s perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask “How do you feel?” if you’re visiting a close friend in the hospital 可以看出答案选D。
3. B。判断题。从最后一句话，即萧伯纳的答语“When you reach my age,” he said, “either you feel all right or you’re dead.” 可以看出他的聪明所在。
4. D。语义理解题。从第1段中的 It starts worrying him a little 可以判断出该句的含义。



Passage 3
Your kids learn a lot from their friends—things you can’t teach them, no matter how much you
want to.
Probably the most important thing kids learn is how to have peer relationships. As a parent, you can’t do this, because you and your child aren’t equals.
For example, when you’re sitting on your family room floor and your very young child asks you to pass him the blocks, you probably hand them right over. If your child is sitting with a peer and asks the same thing, though, he might not get what he wants.
To succeed, your child will need to learn strategies for getting what he wants. For example, he might simply yank (猛拉) the toy out of his friend’s hand. If he does that, he may learn that it’s not the best way of getting what he wants because it leads to fighting and time-outs. The successful child will learn that he needs to negotiate a trade, to wait patiently, or to find something else equally fun to play with.
Friends also provide emotional support, something that is part of the foundation of healthy adulthood. You can’t be with your child on the elementary school playground or at the high school dance. Your child’s friends will be the ones to stick up for her, to include her in games, and later, to tell her she looks great even if her lousy prom (糟糕的舞会) date wanders off instead of dancing with her.
Friends also help your children learn. Friends solve problems together, imitate each other, and
pass on knowledge.
Some experts believe that the single biggest predictor of your child’s success later in life is her ability to make friends. In fact, they claim it’s even more important than IQ and grades.
This doesn’t mean that the kids who are most popular in school do the best later on in life. What matters is not the number of friends a child has but rather the quality of the relationships.
This is good news for those of us who hate to think that popularity really is the Holy Grail of childhood and adolescence. While it’s true that popularity has many advantages, and that many popular kids really are nice people—and not just the best dressed or best looking—it’s better to have a few good friends than to have the admiration of the masses.
1．By giving the example in Paragraph 3, the author wants to show that___________
A．kids can learn how to deal with the relationships when they stay with their peers
B．parents should spend more spare time playing with their kids
C．kids should learn how to be polite when they ask their parents for help
D．parents can teach their kids how to be good members in the modern society in their daily life
2．What does the underlined phrase“stick up for” in the fifth paragraph mean?
A．envy B．oppose C．support D．ignore
3．In the author’s opinion,___________ is more important than being popular for kids.
A．getting high grades
B．having some real friends
C．developing a good habit
D．knowing how to dress themselves up
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Bridge the Generation Gap
B．What It Takes to Be a Good Friend
C．Why Friends Are Important
D．How to Be Popular in School
参考答案： ACBC


Passage 4
My wife and I have always been friendly with the clerks at the local convenience store. I don’t think many people appreciate what a difficult job these folks have. They work for a little over minimum wage and I often wonder how they make ends meet.
One of the clerks, Charlie, was always wearing his glasses but he didn’t one day. I asked him about it and he said they’d been out of order and that he couldn’t afford a new pair. His family needed money. It was obvious that he was having a difficult time.
We wanted to help him, so we turned to our own eye doctor for assistance with a plan. We had his secretary contact him, asking him to come in for an eye exam for free. We told the doctor to let him order whatever glasses he wanted and that we would pay for them. Although Charlie questioned what was going on, the doctor just told him that someone had offered the money for his new glasses. When we went in to pay the bill, the doctor told us he was so touched by our idea that he waived the exam fee and only charged us for half the price of the glasses!
It was so wonderful to see Charlie in her new glasses and he enjoyed telling all the regular customers how the gift came about. I’m sure that upon hearing her story, ideas of kindness may have emerged in the minds of many.
1. Why didn’t the clerk Charlie wear glasses one day?
A. It was very warm and fine.
B. His old glasses were broken.
C. His glasses were missing.
D. He forgot to wear his glasses.
2. From the passage, we can infer that ________.
A. Charlie was a young man with skills
B. Charlie knew who paid the money for the new glasses
C. Charlie didn’t support his family with enough money
D. Charlie entirely accepted the money for the new glasses
3. The underlined word “waived” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ________.
A. gave up B. took up C. cut down D. put off
4. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. The Wonderful Feeling of Helping others B. Customers’ Gift to an Employee
C. A Friendly Clerk — Charlie D. A New Pair of Glasses
参考答案： BCAB


Passage 5
You’ve seen news reports about people who need help after a flood. Maybe you’ve walked past people who are sleeping on the streets. Or perhaps you’ve watched TV programs about how lonely older people can get. So what can you do about any of those things? The answer: You can volunteer (做志愿者).
Volunteering is a great way to learn new skills — from working as part of a team to setting and reaching goals. It gives you a chance to find out what kinds of things you’re good at and enjoy the most. Volunteering can provide you with a sense of responsibility because people really depend on you. And it can help you understand disabled (残疾的) people, sick kids, or the elderly.
Volunteering helps people feel they do have the power to change things for the better. When people depend on you, it can change the way you look at yourself, and this is the main reason that makes volunteering attractive. You can feel proud of the goals that you’ve achieved (实现) for a charity organization (慈善组织) — whether it’s helping to organize a 10K to raise money for lung cancer or running the race itself.
Sometimes it’s easy to feel worried about your grades or the fight you had with your friend or parents. And although these things are very important in their own way, sometimes it can be helpful to get some distance and think about other things. Volunteering allows you to do this. It lets you focus on others that are worth doing.
Finally, volunteering can help save you from being bored — it gives you a place to be where you can have a good time and keep busy.
1. From the passage, we can learn that volunteering ____.
A. is the best way to find out your interests
B. mainly helps the old and the poor people
C. makes sure volunteers will get a good job in the future
D. can help volunteers choose a job that they really like in the future
2. Today, most people volunteer mainly for the purpose of ______.
A. making themselves famous and popular
B. knowing their value by helping others
C. increasing their knowledge and learning skills
D. helping people out of trouble
3. What do the underlined words “a 10K” (Paragraph 3) probably refer to?
A. A charity organization. B. A volunteer group.
C. A 10-kilometer race. D. A political activity.
4. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. talk about the difficulties of volunteering
B. talk about how to make life meaningful
C. tell readers how to volunteer
D. talk about the advantages of volunteering

参考答案------DBCD


Passage 6
How do you address(称呼) people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. Usually, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.
2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal(正式) for most situations. They are used mostly to customers(顾客) in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don’t know.
3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr”, “Mrs”, “Ms”, etc, before their family names.
4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
1. According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to ______.
A. address a person you don’t know B. apologize to others
C. catch the attention of a stranger D. suggest good manners
2. If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him ______.
A. John B. Smith C. Mr John D. Mr Smith
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. “Sir” and “Madam” are used more often in America than in England.
B. People often use “Mr”, “Mrs” or “Ms” before the first names of those people who they don’t know very well.
C. “Pal” and “mate” are usually only used between men.
D. While addressing friends, people just use their first names
4. The passage is most likely taken from an English _______.
A. textbook B. card C. storybook D. grammar book
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了在英国当你想和他人谈话时，怎样称呼他们才最合适。
1. C。细节题。根据第1条 if you want to catch the attention of a strange it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me” 可知答案为 C。
2. A。细节题。根据第3条 If you are friends, use their first names 可知答案为 A。
3. B。细节题。根据原文可知 A、C、D 三项说法是正确的；根据第3条 if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr”, “Mrs”, etc, before their family names可知 B 项说法是错误的，所以此题答案为 B。
4. A。判断题。根据常识可知 card(卡片)、storybook(故事书)、grammar book(语法书)里都不能有这种文章，只有 textbook(课本)中才可能有这种文章，所以答案为A


Passage 7
Contacts (交往) between Japan and the rest of the world have grown a great deal in the twentieth century. In the last thirty years, business contracts between Japan and the West have become very important . Many foreign companies now have offices in Japan and Japanese businessmen do business around the world.
Differences between Japanese and Western ways of doing business, however, often bewilder the foreign businessman and make doing business in Japan difficult for foreigners. The American businessman , for example, wants of start talking business immediately. He wants quick decisions.
He does not wait. The Japanese , on the other hand, likes to arrive at decision gradually after giving them a great deal of though.
Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means “Yes” or “No”. This is because of cultural difference for a Japanese to say “No” directly. In English, it is easy to say “No” to something we do not want to do. But in Japan it is very difficult to say “No”. To refuse an invitation or a request with “No”, or a similar phrase, is felt to be impolite. It is thought to be selfish(自私)and unfriendly. So instead of saying “No” directly, the Japanese have developed many ways to avoid saying “No”. These enable them to avoid hurting people’s feeling . However, this often makes communication with the Japanese difficult for foreigners to understand and follow.
Paragraph one tells us that ____________.
It is not always easy for foreigners to do business in Japan.
Japan is a very important country for businessmen.
Business contacts between Japan and the West are important
Japanese businessmen do business all around the world.
The word “bewilder” in paragraph 2 probably means _____________.
A. tire B. interest C. puzzle D. surprise
3. From the passage we can know that _______________.
A. American businessmen do things more quickly than Japanese ones.
B. American businessmen like to say “Yes” and “No”
C. Americans usually say what they are thinking
D. Americans do not express themselves clearly
4.The third paragraph mainly tells us that ________________.
A. The Japanese seldom say “No” directly to foreign businessmen.
B. It is difficult for foreigners to understand when a Japanese means “Yes” or “No”.
C. The Japanese have developed many ways to avoid hurting other people’s feeling.
D. Because of cultural difference , it’s felt to be impolite to refuse an invitation with “No”.
5. The passage tells us that ______________.
A. Japanese businessmen are good at business
B. foreign businessmen should first try to understand Japanese
C. foreign businessmen must be more polite
D. if you want to succeed you must learn from Japan
参考答案：CCCAB


Passage 8
One night at 11:30, an older African-American woman was standing on the side of an Alabama highway trying to endure(忍受) a heavy rain storm. Her car had broken down and she desperately needed a ride. Becoming all wet, she decided to flag down the next car. A young white man stopped to help her—without asking her a word during those fight-filled 1960s. The man took her to safety, helped her get help and put her into a taxi cab. She seemed to be in a big hurry! She wrote down his address, thanked him and rode away.
Seven days went by and a knock on the man’s door. To his surprise, a very expensive color TV and CD player was delivered to his home. A special note was attached. The note read:

Dear Mr. James:
Thank you so much for helping me on the highway the other night. The rain drenched(浸透) not only my clothes but my spirits. Then you came along. Because of you, I was able to make it to my dying son just before he had an operation. Now he is well enough . God bless you for helping me and unselfishly serving others.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Nat King Cole
Dan Clark

1.What happened to the black woman one night?
A. She had an accident B. There was something wrong with her car
C. She was badly ill D. She lost her car.
2.The woman wrote down the man’s name because______
A. she wanted to write a letter to him B. she wanted to be friends with him
C. she wanted to visit him someday D. she wanted to thank him later
3. The gifts were given by______
A. his family B. his friend C. the woman he helped D. we don’t know
4.The woman left in a hurry that night because _______
A. her son was badly ill B. she wanted to have an important meeting
C. she had to see a doctor D. she was all wet
5. The main idea of the story is _______
A. Honesty B. Friendship C. Generosity D. Helping others
参考答案： B D C A D


Passage 9
Several years ago, a public school teacher was hired to visit children who were patients in a large city hospital. Her job was to teach them with their schoolwork so they wouldn’t be too far behind when well enough to return to school.
One day, this teacher received a call requesting that she visit a special child. She took the boy’s name, hospital and room number and was told by the teacher on the other end of the line, “We’re studying nouns and adverbs in class now. I’d be grateful if you could help him with his homework so he doesn’t fall behind the others.”
It wasn’t until the visiting teacher got outside the boy’s room that she realized it was located in the hospital’s burn unit(烧伤病房). Before she was allowed to enter, she had to put on a hospital clothes because of the possibility of infection(感染). She was told no to touch the boy or his bed. She could stand near but must speak through the mask she had to wear.
When she had finally finished washing and dressing, she took a deep breath and walked into the room. The young boy, terribly burned, was in great pain. The teacher felt awkward and didn’t know what to say, but she had gone too far to turn around and walk out. Finally she was able to speak, “I’m the special visiting hospital teacher, and your teacher sent me to help you with your nouns and adverbs.” Later, she thought it was not one of her more successful teaching class.
The next morning when she returned, one of the nurses on the burn unit asked her, “What did you do to that boy?” The nurse went on. “You don’t understand. We’ve been worried about him, but ever since you were here yesterday, his whole attitude(态度) has changed. He’s fighting back, it’s as if he has decided to live.”
The boy himself later said that he had completely given up hope and felt he was going to die, until he saw that special teacher. With happy tears in his eyes, the little boy who had been burned so badly that he had given up hope, said like this: “They wouldn’t send a special teacher to work on nouns and adverbs with a dying boy, would they?”
The teacher’s work was_______
A. to teach the children at school B. to teach the children in hospital
C. to play with children D. to work in a hospital
_______telephoned the visiting teacher one day.
A. The boy’s parents B. The nurses in the hospital
C. The boy’s school teacher D. The boy
What was wrong with the boy ?
A. He had an operation B. He caught a bad cold
C. He was badly burned D. His legs was broken
Before the visiting teacher gave the boy a lesson in the hospital, we can infer that_______
A. the boy was ready to receive the treatment B. he hoped to go back to school soon
C. he had refused his treatment D. he believed he would be better soon
5.From the boy’s words in the last paragraph, it can be inferred that______
the boy began to know he was dying
. the boy realized that he had hope to live
the boy liked the lesson on nouns and adverbs
the boy still disliked to receive the treatment
参考答案：B C C C B



Passage 10
After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a special student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a great deal to him. I agreed.
During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症). When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to see five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles(障碍)and going for my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain or ask, “Why me ?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didn’t mention that his classmates had made fun of him because he was different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weight with me.
When we finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “ You are a champion . You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I received a letter from Matthew’s parents telling me that Matthew had passed away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before :
Dear Rick,
My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live anymore. But I still smile as much as I can.
I told you someday I was going to the Olympic and win a gold medal. But I know now I will never get to do that. But I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.
Your friends ,
Mathew
1. The boy wanted to meet the author because ________________.
A. he was interested in what the author was doing
B. he wanted to get a gold medal himself
C. he admired the author very much
D. he wanted the author to know him too
2. The underlined part in the third paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. Why do you come to see me ?
B. Why do I have to stay at home ?
C. Why does the disease fall on me ?
D. Why not give a gold medal to me
3. We can infer from the passage that __________.
A. Matthew was a determined boy and considered himself as normal
B. Rick used to have the same disease and later became a power lifter
C. Matthew was to become a champion before he died
D. After meeting Matthew, Rick regarded him as normal
4. The boy refused the author’s medal because ___________.
A. he wanted the picture instead
B. he would not be pitied by others
C. he did not know he would die soon
D. he himself could earn one in the future
5. The author wrote the passage with the purpose of _______________.
A. describing his unusual friendship with a disabled child
B. showing his admiration towards the disabled child
C. telling an experience of meeting a disabled child
D. expressing his pity to all the disabled children
参考答案： CCABB



Passage 11
It was another rainy day, it had stopped raining but the ground was still wet, with this remarkable smell of freshness, I was in the car with my friend, and ahead of us was a pitiful-looking old man, with a walking stick in his hand as it seemed he was having a hard time standing up or barely doing any effort. I have always had a weakness for old people; they break my heart, especially the ones begging on the streets, or selling flowers, I feel sad for them, having to be on the streets instead of being taken care of by their families or the government.
There was a car in front of us before we reach next to him. I had prepared money in my hand to give it to him, and I was looking at the car in front of us when the driver took a bill of money and threw it off the window—he threw it in the face of the old man and it fell on the ground, in a wet spot. The old man looked at the bill with a sad look, knowing it would take him an enormous effort to pick it up and he was hardly standing up, so I opened the car door, ran to him as he was bending to pick it up, took it, wiped it with my jeans since it was almost wet, gave it to him and gave him the money I had prepared for him.
The look on his face when he saw me doing that was the most rewarding look anyone has ever given me. He was shocked, and started thanking me for what I did and asking God to bless me, but I couldn’t hear a word of what he was saying, I couldn’t look him in the eye, how can someone so sweet like him with a kind and gentle look be left on the streets?
Helping him out surely made his day, but what he didn’t know is that he affected me in a way he could never imagine—I still think about him very often, and I just hope everyone will look at old people the way I do.
1. In the author’s opinion, who should be responsible for caring for old people?
A. Old people themselves. B. Some kind-hearted people.
C. Their families or the government. D. Some non-governmental organizations.
2. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ______.
A. the two totally different ways the old man was treated
B. how the old man picked up the bill with great difficulty
C. why the author was angry at the way the old man was treated
D. the rudeness of the driver who threw a bill of money to the old man
3. The old man was shocked at what the author did probably because ______.
A. he knew he had given the author the most rewarding look
B. he was often treated in a rude way by most people
C. he suddenly found himself unable to say anything
D. he was able to stand up easily without a walking stick
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the old man?
A. He was often seen selling flowers on the streets.
B. He refused to accept the bill given to him?by the driver.
C. He wished that all the people could learn from the author.
D. He had no idea how great an effect he had on the author.
参考答案： CABD
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