Unit 11 Period One
时间：40分钟
Ⅰ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A newspaper reporter's job can be very interesting.He meets all kinds of people and lives quite a(n) __1__ life.He is on the rush for newspaper all the time，then after several years he __2__ get a desk job，and life becomes a bit more settled.
In a day he may have to __3__ the prime minister(首相) of a foreign country, and the next day he may be __4__ about a football match.Sometimes he may be so busy that he hardly has any time to __5__.And at other times he may go out for days looking __6__ news，and yet return __7__.
In the beginning, a reporter has to __8__ a very wide field.After several years he becomes more __9__ in his work.For example, he may finally be __10__ to write only on politics or sports.Some newspapers have book reviewers(评论家)．Their job is __11__.They read the latest books and then write reviews on the __12__ they like.Then there are those who write on __13__， so they get to see them even __14__ they are shown in the cinema.How lucky, you __15__ say!
A newspaper reporter's job can also be very __16__. A number of them have died from rushing from one place to another and if there is a flood or a riot they may get __17__ or even be killed.Three years ago there was a reporter whose camera was __18__ by a group of men, __19__ they were angry with him for taking their pictures.
Dangerous or not，one thing is certain，and that is，their job is never __20__.
( )1.A.happy B．painful
C．busy D．simple
( )2.A.must B．need
C．should D．may
( )3.A.interview B．announce
C．receive D．assist
( )4.A.writing B．watching
C．asking D．publishing
( )5.A.work B．study
C．sleep D．read
( )6.A.into B．for
C．over D．through
( )7.A.empty-handed B．single-handed
C．care-loaded D．over-loaded
( )8.A.focus B．work
C．cover D．develop
( )9.A.clever B．hard-working
C．special D．specialized
( )10.A.ordered B．asked
C．invited D．warned
( )11.A.pleasing B．moving
C．boring D．terrifying
( )12.A.movies B．people
C．others D．ones
( )13.A.books B．concerts
C．films D．sports
( )14.A.after B．until
C．unless D．before
( )15.A.can B．would
C．could D．shall
( )16.A.dangerous B．difficult
C．exciting D．surprising
( )17.A.damaged B．lost
C．wounded D．hurt
( )18.A.lent B．bought
C．broken D．hidden
( )19.A.although B．since
C．but D．because
( )20.A.unusual B．unable
C．uninteresting D．unsuccessful
【解题导语】记者的工作在外人看来可能很有趣、很风光，可谁又明白做记者的艰辛呢？
1．C 通过下文“He is on the rush for newspaper all the time…”得知，记者的工作非常繁忙。
2．D 通过第二段对记者日常工作的描述来看，记者首先会做一些基层的采访工作，几年后才有可能从事文案工作(a desk job)，这样工作才相对稳定些。
3．A 根据语境应为采访外国的首相。
4．A 根据语境可知，记者会写有关足球赛的报道。
5．C 根据句意，没有时间睡觉才能说明记者有时会非常忙。
6．B 根据语境可知，此处是“四处搜寻新闻”的意思。
7．A 句中yet表明前后意思转折，所以应是空手而归。
8．C 由下文知，记者先要广泛涉猎，以后才专注于某一方面的报道。
9．D 根据语境，此处是说记者变得更为专业。
10．B 由常识和上下文可知，记者被要求做某一方面的编写工作。
11．A 通过下文的描述说明，写书评能最早读到新书，这应该是令人高兴的事。
12．D ones代指books，以避免重复。
13．C 根据下文“…they are shown in the cinema”可判断出是写影评。
14．D 由上下文知，应是在电影公开放映之前看到电影。
15．B would表示一种猜想。
16．A 通过下文的描述可知，记者的工作可能是很危险的。
17．D 根据上下文可知，记者有时会面临受伤甚至死亡的危险。
18．C 根据语境知照相机应是被摔坏了。
19．D 后面内容是前面内容的原因。
20．C 通读全文之后，可判断出无论是否危险，有一点是肯定的，那就是记者的工作从来不是索然无味的。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Violence on television is bad for people.In fact，when I watch shooting，killing and fighting on TV，it breaks my heart.Sometimes I can't open my eyes to watch it.I think it's not such a big problem with adults.They distinguish TV programs from real life clearly，but it's not good to watch too much.
We watch many acts of violence on TV，and then we don't feel violence is violence.We need to have more time doing other things than watching TV.It's important to communicate with the family，go outside and do exercise，enjoy a hobby，think about something，and so on.TV is one part of our life enjoyment，and we must choose TV programs wisely and watch actively.
Televised violence has many effects on kids.They want to imitate things they see.They don't know the difference between good things and bad things well.Moreover，in some programs a robot comes up again after it has been killed.Little children don't know it's not the same as real life.They may behave aggressively(侵略地)against their friends.
Parents must control the TV programs their children watch.But many parents go out for work，so they make TV take care of their children after school.People must think about the way to get along with TV.
Maybe I think it is bad to televise violent programs while children are still awake.Violent shows are bad not only for children but also for society because people who watch violent TV shows want to imitate the TV shows. I think parents who have children should restrict their children's viewing of violent TV shows.
( )1.This passage mainly tells us________.
A．what the author thinks about televised violence
B．how to choose proper TV programs to watch
C．why the author gets so addicted to violent programs
D．how to break away from violent TV programs
( )2.People don't feel violence is violence if________.
A．they spend more time doing other things
B．they treat TV programs as a kind of enjoyment
C．they watch too much of it every day
D．they often go out and do exercise
( )3.Violent programs are bad for little kids because________.
A．they might do what they see in the programs
B．they might fight against their friends
C．they don't know what a robot is made of
D．a robot can come back to life
( )4.According to the 4th paragraph，why do parents let their children watch TV after school?
A．They can't control the TV programs.
B．They don't have time to take care of them.
C．Kids can benefit from the programs.
D．Violent programs are very interesting.
【解题导语】本文是议论文。电视暴力对青少年有很大的影响，因此政府应限定暴力节目的播出时间，家长应限制孩子观看暴力节目。
1．A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述作者对电视暴力节目的看法，因此选A。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“我们在电视上看到许多暴力动作，于是我们就不感觉暴力是暴力了”可知，应选C。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，儿童不能辨别好坏，可能会模仿电视上的暴力动作，因此A项“孩子们会做他们在节目里看到的”为正确答案。B项太片面。
4．B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，许多家长让电视照顾自己的孩子主要是因为他们要外出工作，所以选B。
Ⅲ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we've never been before.
But just as in face-to-face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. __1__ Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes.
For anything you're about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person's face？” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. __2__
If someone in the chat room is rude to you，your instinct(本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. __3__ If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.
__4__ Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake，whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it's a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else. __5__ At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.
It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don't ask such questions.
A．It's natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.
B．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face.
C．Everyone was new to the network once.
D．The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.
E．When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.
F．You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.
G．If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.
【答案】1－5 DBFCG
课件77张PPT。Period One Warm－up & Lesson Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________________n．炸弹
2．________________ n. 议程
3．________________ adj. 政治的
4．________________n. 信仰；信心
5．________________v. 宣布；宣告
6．______________n．殊荣；特质；区别
7．________________n．申请书；应用 bomb
agenda
political
belief
announce
distinction
application8． ________________n．解释；说明
9． _______________adj. 高兴的；愉快的
10．________________ n. 贫穷
11．________________ v．出版
12．________________n. 歌剧
13．________________n. 改革；改良
14．________________n．管理；行政explanation
delighted
poverty
publish
opera
reform
administrationⅡ.短语天地
1．________ affairs 时事
2．stand________ 代表
3．react________ 对……作出反应
4．during the_______ hour在交通高峰期间
5．prevent sb________ doing 阻止某人做current for to rush from 6．be responsible________ 对……负责
7．look__________ to 期待
8．________ one's delight 让某人高兴的是
9．________ detail 详细地
10．be of great ________ 极为关注for forward to in concern Ⅲ.预读理解
Fast reading：Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．The Group of Eight was formed in ____.
A．1998 by 8 of the poorest nations in the world
B．1998 by 8 of the richest nations in the world
C．1997 by 8 of the richest nations in Europe
2．The topic of G8 meeting in 2005 was ________.
A．to help Africa to escape poverty
B．to discuss the situation in Europe
C．to talk about oil problems in the Middle East
3．People think the G8 can help Africa's poorest countries by________.
A．giving them money and other daily supplies
B．helping them educate their children
C．canceling the debt of them4．London has hosted the Olympic Games for ________ times.
A．1 B．2 C．3
5．________is the most powerful opponent in the application for the 2012 Olympics.
A．Moscow
B．New York
C．ParisCareful reading：Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
World __6__【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．News 7．Africa 8．WINS 9．Scotland 10．London 11．poverty 12．AIDS 13．celebrate 14．delighted 15．Cancel Ⅳ.句型搜索
1．The G8 is made up of political leaders from France，the United States，Britain，Germany，Japan，Italy，Canada and Russia.
[信息提取] be made up of… 由……组成
[例句仿写] 我们班有50个学生组成。
Our class________ ________ ________ ________50 students. 2．The topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.
[信息提取] in detail 详细地
[例句仿写] 我们想让你详细地跟我们讲一讲那场比赛。
We want you to tell us about the match ____________________.3．They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africa's poorest countries so that the problems there can be prevented from getting any worse.
[信息提取] so that 引导目的状语
[例句仿写] 为了他的朋友们能看见他，他一直挥动着他的胳膊。
He kept waving his arms ________ ________ ________ ________could see him. 4．Their belief is that this is the only way for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts.
[信息提取] that 引导表语从句
[例句仿写] 我们坚信我们队会赢得比赛。
Our belief is that __________ __________ __________ __________ the match.
【答案】1．is made up of
2．in detail 3．so that his friends
4．our team will win1．chat n．& vi.闲聊；聊天
I enjoy a chat with a friend.
我喜欢与朋友在一起聊天儿。
He's been on the computer all morning, chatting with his friends.
他整个上午都在上网和朋友聊天。chat with sb 与某人聊天
chat online 网上聊天
chat about sth 谈论某事
have a chat with sb about sth 与某人聊某事【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)由于一些老人感到孤独，我们就与他们聊他们过去的岁月。
As some elderly people felt lonely, we ____________ .
(2)我的孩子们花几个小时在电话里与朋友们聊天。
My kids spent hours ______________ with their friends.
(3)在网上聊天时我认识了她。
I got to know her while ______________ .
【答案】(1)chatted with them about their old days
(2)chatting on the phone (3)chatting online2．affair n.
(1)[C](私人的、个别的、烦琐的)事情
Leave me alone；mind your own affairs.
别管我，管好你自己的事。
(2)事务(多作复数)
foreign affairs外交事务(1)affair指“事情，事件”，尤其指国家大事，也可以表示“个人的私事”。
(2)business指商业、生意场上的事情，强调职责。
(3)matter指人们写到或谈到的必须考虑处理的事情。the matter指麻烦事。【辨析】 affair/business/matter注意：有些场合上述词也可以换用。
Mind your own affairs/business.
少管闲事。
I never talk to my employer about my private affairs/matters/business.
我从来不和雇主谈私事。用business，matter或affair填空
(1)At the age of 18，he started his own ________.
(2)I don't know what's the ________ with him.
(3)It's difficult to deal with family ________.
【答案】(1)business (2)matter (3)affairs3．political adj.政治的；政权的；与政治有关的
The UN is seeking a political solution rather than a military one.
联合国正在寻求政治上的而不是军事上的解决方法。
This was a decision that was taken for purely political reasons.
这是个纯粹出于政治原因而作出的决定。politically adv.政治上
politician n．政治家；政客
politics n．政治；政治事业【归纳拓展】用political，politics或politician填空
(1)Business people, ___________ leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass－roots Americans are taking part in the movement.
(2)That ________ is full of ambition.
(3)Mr.Smith went into ________ in his early twenties.
【答案】(1)political (2)politician
(3)politics4．poverty n．贫乏；贫困；缺乏(常用作不可数名词，但有时用a poverty)
Thousands of children live in poverty in Africa.
在非洲成千上万的儿童生活极为贫困。
More than 20% of American families now live below the poverty line.
现在有超过20%的美国家庭生活在贫困线以下。There is a poverty of acting talent today.
现在缺乏的是表演天赋。below the poverty line/level 在贫困线以下
fall into poverty 陷入贫困
live in poverty 生活贫困
poor adj.贫穷的；可怜的【归纳拓展】
【语法填空】
The man lived in ______ (poor) after his unemployment.
【答案】poverty5．reform
(1)vt.改造；改革
We should try to reform criminals rather than punish them.
我们应该努力改造那些犯人而不是惩罚他们。(2)vi.改过自新
The boy promised to reform if given another chance.
那个男孩答应如果再给他一次机会的话他会改过自新的。
(3)n.改革[C；U]
After the reform and opening up, this village totally changed.
改革开放后，这个村庄旧貌换新颜。a reform in teaching methods 教学方法的改革
educational reform 教育改革
social reform 社会改革
political reform 政治改革
carry out a reform 进行改革
reformer n．改进者；改革者【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)不合理的工资制度必须尽快改革。
The unfair wage system ________ ________ ________as soon as possible.
(2)他们正在进行全国范围内的教育改革。
They ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ education all over the country.
【答案】(1)must be reformed (2)are carrying out reforms in6．demand vt.& n.
(1)vt.需要；需求；请求
The Governor has demanded your resignation.
州长已经要求你辞职。
I demand to know what's going on.
我要求了解正在发生什么事情。(2)n.要求；请求
The government refused to give in to the demands of the terrorists.
政府拒绝对恐怖分子提出的要求作出让步。
The job makes great demands on my time.
这项工作需要我花很多时间。
Her books are in great demand at the moment.
目前她的书非常畅销。demand sth of/from sb 向某人要某物
demand that 从句(用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋do，should可省略)
(be)in demand 有需要(求)
make demands on/of… 对……提出要求；需要花费
demanding adj.费力的；需要技能的；苛求的【归纳拓展】Her mother could be very demanding at times.
她妈妈有时会很难伺候。
He demanded an apology from me.
他要求我向他道歉。
I demand that John (should) go there at once.
我要求约翰马上到那儿去。
注意：demand后不加sb to do sth。
【单项选择】
The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ________ in this city.
A．quantity B．progress
C．production D．demand【答案】D 考查名词词义辨析。此处quantity数量；progress进步； production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：《哈利波特》很受欢迎，在这个城市有很大的需求量。7．debt n．债务；欠款
The club is ￡4 million in debt.
这家俱乐部负债400万英镑。
We were poor but we never got into debt.
我们穷是穷，但从不负债。
He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him.
他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。in sb's debt 欠某人的人情
in debt (to) 欠债；欠情；感激
out of debt 不欠债
get/run into debt 负债；欠债(动作)
pay off one's debts 还清债务【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
It took them three years to ______ the debt.
A．pay off B．get into
C．out of D．run into
【答案】A 他们三年才还清欠债。从句意可知是“偿还债务”，且需要动词短语，所以选A。 8．announce vt.宣布；宣告
(1)后跟名词
The new government announced its policy at once.
新政府马上宣布了自己的政策。
(2)跟从句
Winston suddenly announced that he was leaving.
温斯顿突然宣布他要离开。announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
announcement n．宣布；通知
make an announcement 发一个通知；宣布某件事
It's announced that… 据宣布……【归纳拓展】(1)announce泛指宣布某一消息或某事预示着……的到来。
(2)declare一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度等，如declare war against/on… 向……宣战。【辨析】 announce/declare用declare或announce的正确形式填空
(1)They ______________ his plane was delayed due to the terrible weather.
(2)In 1941, Britain and the United States __________ war on Japan so the Pacific War started.【完成句子】
(3)The bell rang，________(宣布) the end of class.
(4)______ _______ _______ (据宣布)that the sports meeting would be put off till the next Monday.
【答案】(1)announced (2)declared
(3)announcing (4)It is announced1．stand for
(1)代表；象征；意味着
—My name is Dean E．Beller.
—What does the E stand for?
——我的名字是迪恩·E·贝勒。
——E代表的是什么？(2)主张；支持；拥护
I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.
在我投她的票之前，我想知道她主张的是什么。
(3)(一般用于疑问句和否定句)忍受，容忍
I won't stand for being treated like a child.
我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持；坚持
stand out 显眼；引人注目
stand up 起立；站得住脚
stand up for 支持；维护；保卫
stand up to 勇敢地面对；抵抗；经得起；顶得住【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)—What does NASA __________(代表)?
—It means “National Aeronautics and Space Administration”．
(2)Her talents__________(突出，显眼)in comparison with the others.
【答案】(1)stand for (2)stand out2．react to… 对……产生反应；回应
How did Wilson react to your idea?
威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应？
Ellie reacted by marching out of the room.
埃莉的反应是大步走出房间。react on/upon (对……)给予反应；有影响；起作用
react against 抗拒；反抗
react with… 与……发生化学反应【归纳拓展】Applause reacts on a speaker.
(听众的)掌声对演讲人有影响。【单项选择】
(1)The rise of oil costs ________the price of food.
A．reacted to B．reacted with
C．reacted on D．reacted against
(2)Dogs react ________kindness ________showing affection.
A．to; by B．on; by
C．to; on D．on; of
【答案】(1)C 油价的上升对食品价格有影响。react on意为“对……有影响”。
(2)A 狗通过表示感动对善良做出反应。react to意为“对……做出反应”；by doing sth意为“通过做……”。
3．come down to归结为；结果是；落到……手中
(1)(不用被动语态)归结为
It all came down to a choice between cutting wages or cutting staff.
归根到底，就是在减薪和裁员之间作出选择。
(2)落到……手中；传到……手里
The text which has come down to us is only a fragment of the original.
那本课本到我们手里的时候已经破烂不全了。come down 下来；下降，跌价；下(雨、雪)
come down from 从……传下来
get down to 着手做；开始做(to为介词)【归纳拓展】【语法填空】
(1)问题归结为我们是否应该对他的建议作出反应。
The question _____________ whether we ought to act upon his advice.
(2)现在该着手工作了。
Now it's time to __________________work.(3)她去年从城里下来就定居在这个村庄了。
She ________ last year and settled in the village.
【答案】(1)comes down to (2)get down to (3)came down1．(课文重现)It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year，as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.
今年的会议将会作为一个历史性的会议留在人们的记忆中，因为非洲问题将是本届会议详细讨论的问题。【句式分析】
(1)It is going to be…为句子主句。
(2)as the topic of Africa will be…为句子的原因状语从句。
(3)be remembered as… 作为……被铭记；记得是……
Thomas More is remembered today as the author of Utopia.
当今，托马斯·莫尔还被铭记为《乌托邦》的作者。
(4)in detail详细地
He described the day's events in detail.
他详细描述了那天的事。【单项选择】
We'd better discuss everything ________before we work out the plan.
A．in detail B．in general
C．on purpose D．on time
【答案】A 考查副词短语辨析。在我们制订计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。in detail详细地；in general通常，大体上；on purpose故意地；on time准时，按时。
2．(课文重现)Their belief is that this is the only way for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts.
人们坚信，这是使许多非洲国家摆脱过去痛苦的唯一途径。【句式分析】
(1)for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts为不定式的复合结构作way的定语。
the way to do sth/of doing sth干某事的方法
(2)that this is the only way…为表语从句，表语从句的引导词that一般不可以省略。
My idea is that we can invite our foreign teachers to the party.
我的主意是我们可以邀请外教来参加晚会。【完成句子】
但事实是，无论他们多么希望得到这样的回答，这却不是一个诚实的回答。
But ___________ such an answer, however much desired, would not be an honest one.
【答案】the fact is that3．(课文重现)London's name had been announced twice before，in 1908 and 1948，so it now has the distinction of being the first city to host the event three times.
伦敦这一名字在1908年和1948年曾被宣布过两次，所以它获得了第一个三次主办奥运会的城市的殊荣。【句式分析】
being the first city to host the event three times是动名词短语作介词of的宾语，其中不定式短语作定语，修饰the first city。
He had no chance of winning the game.
他没有赢这场比赛的可能性。
英语中，由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级等修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语。I'm the first in my family to go to university.
我是我家第一个上大学的。
Bruce is always telling lies. His mother is the only one to believe him.
布鲁斯经常撒谎。他妈妈是唯一相信他的人。【语法填空】
(1)The park was full of people, _________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
(2)His first book _________ (publish) next month is based on a true story.
(3)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.(4)There are still many problems ________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.
(5)There's a note pinned to the door________ (say)when the shop will open again.
【答案】(1)enjoying (2)to be published (3)returned
(4)to be solved (5)saying4．(课文重现)The news is being celebrated by crowds in the streets.
人群正在大街上庆祝这个消息。
【句式分析】
本句是进行时的被动语态，其结构为：be ＋being＋done，意为“(某物/人)正在被”。
People trapped in the earthquake are/were being rescued.
地震中被困的人们正在被营救。【单项选择】
They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house________.
A．is being rebuilt B．has been rebuilt
C．is rebuilt D．has rebuilt
【答案】A 本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。Unit 11 Period Two
时间：40分钟
Ⅰ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There once were a goat and a donkey, _1.________lived on a farm.The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer fed it the_2.________(much) food.Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3.________it could eat.This made the goat so jealous 4.________it began plotting against(谋划对付) the donkey.“Hey, donkey，” the goat said one day.“I think you do too much work on this farm.You carry such heavy things from morning to night.Why don't you pretend 5.________ (get) sick so you can take a day 6.________？” The donkey thought the goat had a great idea.So the next morning, the donkey lay in the stable(畜栏) on its side with its eyes 7.________(close)．Right away, the farmer called the doctor.8.________looking at the donkey, the doctor said it needed a special medicine 9.________(make) from the heart of a goat.So the farmer killed 10.________goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.
【答案与解析】
1．who 考查定语从句。who在这里指代先行词 a goat and a donkey, “他们住在一个农场上”。
2．most 考查形容词。根据上文可知毛驴干活最卖力气，所以农民给它吃最好的东西，填most。
3．than 考查连词。根据food前面more可以判断，此处是进行比较，填than。
4．that考查连词。从句意可知，此处是so…that句型，填that。句意：山羊如此嫉妒以至于它开始谋划要去对付毛驴。
5．to get 考查非谓语动词。固定短语：pretend to do sth “假装做某事”，填to get。
6．off 考查副词。从句意可知，山羊要毛驴装病去休息一天。take a day off “请假”。
7．closed 考查形容词。此处是“with＋宾语＋补语”结构，可知填形容词closed。
8．After 考查介词。根据语境可知，医生在给毛驴看过病后才开药，填After。
9．made 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语短语作定语，和被修饰名词medicine之间是被动关系，用过去分词，填made。
10．the/his 考查冠词。从故事内容可知，此处是指农夫杀掉了故事中的这只山羊，即他自己的那头山羊，填the或者his。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Americans，especially the millennials(千禧一代)，are always glued(粘住) to their phones.A common day of the average university student in America starts off like this：an alarm clock wakes you up，which is quickly followed by checking social media such as Twitter and Facebook.Once in classes，you are again attracted by your buzzing phone and access to the Internet rather than pay attention to the lecturing professor.Then you have lunch with some friends, only to look up from your screen to realize that no one has said a word in five minutes and instead all are looking at their phones.Once the day ends，you can't help checking all forms of social media again before finally being able to shut your eyes only_to_repeat_this_vicious_cycle_the_next_day.
Cyberbullying(网络霸凌)，a concept unknown before，is now in fashion.Many of the millennials are using the Internet to make jokes about others to points of extremes.The Internet gives cowards bravery；people feel like their actions and words have no bad results because they cannot see the ache it causes another.
Millennials also think that whatever information shows up on their screens must be taken as truth，whether the material is reliable(可靠的)or not.
Social media is not all bad，however.People are still able to use social media to connect with friends and family who live a great distance away.With a few clicks of a button，someone could make another person smile，or give words of hope and encouragement to a friend in need，or even help repair a broken relationship.Cyberspace is a vortex(漩涡)that is easy to get caught up in，but we must find a balance to keep both feet in reality while traveling across the online world.
( )1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．You can't break away from your phone.
B．You decide to get rid of this bad behaviour later.
C．You return to going cycling the following
day.
D．You are caught in the busy life.
( )2.What can be learned about the millennials?
A．They often mistake facts for personal opinions.
B．They prefer to communicate face to face.
C．They are often made fun of in the cyberspace.
D．They don't make their own judgement.
( )3.What's the author's purpose of writing the text?
A．To state the ill effect of social media.
B．To prove the benefit of cyberspace.
C．To suggest using the social media wisely.
D．To introduce the fun_ction of phones.
( )4.Which way of using social media is advised by the writer?
A．Being glued to the phones all the time.
B．Promoting relationships.
C．Losing themselves in the cyberspace.
D．Fighting against others.
【解题导语】本文介绍美国人，尤其是千禧一代离不开手机。建议人们明智地使用社交媒体。
1．A 句意猜测题。根据第一段倒数第二句“no one has said a word in five minutes and instead all are looking at their phones”在五分钟之内没有一个人说一个单词，相反他们都在看他们的手机。最后一句“Once the day ends，you can't help checking all forms of social media again before finally being able to shut your eyes only to repeat this vicious cycle the next day.”一旦这天结束，在终于能够闭上你的眼睛之前你不能再检查所有形式的社交媒体了，只是在第二天重复这种恶性循环。由此可知，划线内容的意思是“你不能离开你的手机。”故选A。
2．D 推理判断题。根据第二段“Cyberbullying(网络霸凌)，a concept unknown before，is now in fashion.Many of the millennials are using the Internet to make jokes about others to points of extremes.The Internet gives cowards bravery；people feel like their actions and words have no bad results because they cannot see the ache it causes another.”可知，千禧一代不能做出他们自己的判断。故选D。
3．C 写作方法题。根据最后一段第一、二句“Social media is not all bad，however.People are still able to use social media to connect with friends and family who live a great distance away.”可知，本文建议人们明智地使用社交媒体。故选C。
4．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“People are still able to use social media to connect with friends and family who live a great distance away.With a few clicks of a button，someone could make another person smile，or give words of hope and encouragement to a friend in need，or even help repair a broken relationship.”可知，社交媒体能够提升人际关系。故选B。
B
Children spend more time messaging each other on phones and websites than talking in person，a survey has revealed.Text messages and social networking sites have become the common mode of youngsters aged 8 to 14.
A survey of modern childhood found that many youngsters are conscious that they are spending too much time on their computers and enjoy themselves the most when playing outside.But the lure of electronic products proves too strong for a quarter，while a fifth say their parents don't like them playing outside because they are worried about strangers and injuries.
The “iGeneration report” suggested that youngsters are increasingly health-conscious and skeptical(持怀疑态度的) of commercialization，including gender-based labelling on toys and pop videos released by singers.More than half of those questioned care about eating healthily and one in 10 lectures their own parents about the food they are eating or buying,42 percent of those questioned own a smart phone，with 36 percent admitting spending more time communicating with friends via instant messaging，such as texts or networking websites，than talking in person.Only one child in 100 said that being happy，having a loving family and being clever were taken as the most crucial(决定性的) elements in their lives.
Cary Cooper，the professor of organizational psychology and health at Lancaster University，said social media were contributing to youngsters becoming more independent.They had a sense of individuality due to exposure to a range of media.
The survey follows major state-backed research which found that youngsters are turning their back on drink，drugs and smoking.It found a dramatic drop in the number of secondary school students trying and regularly using drugs，alcohol and tobacco. Some analysts said that thanks to the rise of social media，millions of teenagers are spending their time at home in their rooms rather than out on the streets.
( )5.Why can't 25 percent of the children get away from electronic products?
A．They are not allowed to hang out long.
B．They are protected from strangers and injuries.
C．They enjoy themselves most when playing outside.
D．They can't resist the temptation of the products.
( )6.The survey of modern childhood found that many youngsters ________.
A．are fans of the pop videos released by singers
B．message each other more rather than chat in person
C．are doubtful about possessing the latest smart phones
D．pay no attention to their lifestyle nowadays
( )7.The attitude of Cary Cooper towards social media is ________.
A．objective B．negative
C．supportive D．unclear
( )8.The last paragraph is written to show ________.
A．the benefits of social media
B．the drop of taking drugs in youngsters
C．the exposure to a range of media
D．youngsters are becoming more conscious
【解题导语】本文介绍社交媒体对青少年的影响以及它的好处。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“But the lure of electronic products proves too strong for a quarter…”可知，25%的孩子抵制不了电子产品的诱惑。故选D。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“…with 36 percent admitting spending more time communicating with friends via instant messaging, such as texts or networking websites, than talking in person.”可知，对现代孩子的调查表明很多年轻人互发信息而不是亲自聊天。故选B。
7．C 观点意图题。根据倒数第二段“Cary Cooper，the professor of organizational psychology and health at Lancaster University，said social media were contributing to youngsters becoming more independent.They had a sense of individuality due to exposure to a range of media.”可知，Cary Cooper对社交媒体是支持的。故选C。
8．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段，特别是“Some analysts said that thanks to the rise of social media, millions of teenagers are spending their time at home in their rooms rather than out on the streets.”可知，本段叙述的是社交媒体的好处。故选A。
课件94张PPT。Period Two Lesson 2 & LessonⅠ.单词识记
1．________________v．分析
2．________________v．雇用
3．________________ adj.合法的
4．________________ v．保卫；防御
5． ________________n．争论
6．________________n．鼓励
7．________________v．假装analyze
employ
legal
defend
argument
encouragement
pretend8．________________adj.合适的
9． ________________ n．预算
10．________________n．幽默
11．________________n．捐献
12． ________________v．为……做广告
13．________________ n．利润
14． ______________ adv.视觉地；外表上
15． ________________ n．外甥；侄子suitable
budget
humor
contribution
advertise
profit
visually
nephewⅡ.短语天地
1．____________________
保护……使不受侵害
2．________________与……争论
3．________________因……而责备某人
4．________________集中于
5．__________________尊重某人的隐私protect…from/against argue with sb blame sb for concentrate on respect one's privacy 6．in favor of________________
7．in competition with ________________
8．attract one's attention ________________
9．be used to sth/doing sth
________________
10．make contributions to
________________支持 与……竞争 吸引某人的注意力 习惯于 对……作贡献 Ⅲ.预读理解
Fast reading：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Compared with modern advertisement, the classical advertisement is ________.
A．attractive
B．competitive
C．simple
2． Advertisements need to ________ in direct competition with each other in the market place.
A．hold and attract people's attention
B．be complicated
C．be simple3． To stand out, modern advertisements often combine ________ to be attractive.
A．pictures and words
B．the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products
C．concept of freedom with the products4． People know the main purpose of the advertisements is to ________.
A．satisfy people's needs
B．develop economy of the city
C．make customers spend money
5． Those advertisements that educate people to fight AIDS, save water and give up smoking are called________.
A．service advertisements
B．public advertisements
C．private advertisementsCareful reading：Read the passage carefully and tell the following statements True(T)or False(F).
6． Advertisements must be attractive and creative.( )
7． The purpose of all advertisements is to make customers spend money.( )
8． Producing public advertisements mentioned in the text is free.( )9．The text infers that advertisements are trying to sell you something that makes customers bored.( )
10．The purpose of advertisements is creating something that has never been seen before.( )
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．T 7．F 8．F 9．T 10．FⅣ.句型搜索
1．In your family，who is usually the first person to turn to/on the TV when you get home?
[信息提取] the first person to do sth 第一个做某事的人
[例句仿写] 我每天总是第一个到教室的人。
I am always ________ ________ ________ ________come to the classroom.2．It is likely to be just the name of a company.
[信息提取] It is likely… 很有可能……
[例句仿写] 今天下午很有可能要下雨。
________ ________ ________ ________ rain this afternoon. 3．They realise that it does not matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is.
[信息提取] it does not matter how… how 在此引导主语从句
[例句仿写] 你将如何完成这项任务并不重要。
It doesn't matter ________ ________will finish the task. 4．However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.
[信息提取] not all… 并非所有的……
[例句仿写] 并非所有的动物都有嗅觉。
________ ________ ________ can smell.
【答案】1．the first person to 2．It is likely to 3．how you 4．Not all animals1．arise (arose，arisen)vi.
(1)发生；产生；出现(常与from搭配)
Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?
我们是不是可以从讨论上次会议所产生的问题开始？(2)起床；起立；起来
Arise and fight for your right.
起来，为自己的权利而战！
when the need arises/should the need arise
如果有必要(1)arise是不及物动词，意为“发生；出现；产生”。
(2)rise也是不及物动词，意为“上升；上涨；增加，增长”。
(3)raise是及物动词，意为“抬高；举起”。【辨析】 arise/rise/raiseA new difficulty has arisen.
出现了新困难。
Prices are rising.
物价正在上涨。
If you know the answer，please raise your hand.
如果你知道答案，请举手。选词填空(arise/raise/rise)
(1)We did not start until the sun ________ in the east.
(2)A storm ________ during the night.
(3)He ________ his hands to protect his face from being hurt.
【答案】(1)rose (2)arose (3)raised2．blame vt.& n．责备；责怪；指责
She doesn't blame anyone for her father's death.
她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。
I do not blame them for trying to make some money.
我认为他们想赚一些钱也是情有可原的。
Nothing could relieve my terrible sense of blame.
什么都无法减轻我深深的自责感。be to blame (for sth.) 对(某事)负有责任；应受责备
blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上
get the blame 受到责难
bear/take the blame 承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
put the blame on怪在……身上【归纳拓展】You can't expect Terry to take all the blame.
你不能指望特里承担全部责任。
The other driver kept trying to put the blame on me.
另一个司机竭力想把责任往我身上推。【语法填空】
The driver laid the blame for the accident (1)________ the passenger, while the policeman blamed the driver (2)________it at first. But after a careful investigation, the bad weather was (3) ________(blame) for it.【完成句子】
(4)他总是把失败归咎于队友的身上。
He always ________ ________ ________ ________ his teammates.
(5)你要为这次事故负责。
You _______ ________ ________ ________ the accident.
【答案】(1)on (2)for (3)to blame (4)puts the blame on (5)are to blame for3．attempt v．&n. 尝试；企图
(1)vt.
Weather conditions prevented them from attempting the jump.
天气状况使他们无法试跳。
Every time I've attempted to convince her，I've failed completely.
每一次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。(2)n.
The protestors made no attempt to resist arrest.
抗议者未对逮捕进行抵抗。
Despair drove him to an attempt on his own life.
绝望使得他想要自杀。
We failed in an attempt to climb the mountain.
我们试图爬上那座山，但却失败了。(1)attempt sth尝试某事
(2)attempt to do sth努力做某事；企图做某事
(3)make an/no attempt to do sth/at doing sth努力/不努力做某事
(4)in an attempt to do sth试图做某事
an attempt on sb's life企图谋杀某人【归纳拓展】(5)attempted adj.未遂的；意图的；企图的(作前置定语)
an attempted murder未遂谋杀案
【同义句转换】
(1)The scientist attempted to solve the difficult problem in a new way.
＝The scientist _______ the difficult problem in a new way.【语法填空】
(2)They attempted ________ (finish) the task before July.
(3)They closed the road in ________attempt to reduce traffic in the city.
【答案】(1) made an attempt to solve/made an attempt at solving (2) to finish (3)an4．defend v．保护，保卫；为……辩解
They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attack.
他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境地区免受可能的攻击。
I picked a stick up to defend myself.
我捡起一根棍子进行自卫。
He had to defend himself against their charges.
他必须对他们的指控为自己辩解。defend…against/from… 保护……不受……
defend oneself 自卫
defence n．保卫；辩护
in defence of… 为……申辩；为了保卫……【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
We should ________ our country against the enemy/from being invaded by the enemy.
A．defend B．attempt
C．boom D．respect
【答案】A 句意：我们应当保卫国家不受敌人侵略。defend 保卫；attempt 尝试；boom 繁荣； respect 尊敬。5．pretend v．假装；装作；装扮
He pretended to his family that everything was fine.
他对家人佯称一切都好。
We pretended (that) nothing had happened.
我们假装什么事情也没发生。pretend to do sth 假装做某事
pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事
pretend that… 假装……
pretend sth 假装……【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)When the teacher came in, some students ___________ (假装在做)their homework busily.
(2)____________(让我们假装) that we are soldiers.
(3)He _______________(假装没见过我)．
【答案】(1)pretended to be doing
(2)Let's pretend
(3)pretended not to have seen me
6．certain
(1)adj.某；某些；某个
There's a certain Mrs.Myles on the phone for you.
有个迈尔斯夫人打电话找你。(2)adj.肯定的，确定无疑的
We're certain that by tomorrow，Mr.Knowles，you'll have an answer.
诺尔斯先生，我们肯定你明天就能得到答复。
There's one boy who's certain to succeed!
有个男孩一定会成功！(3)adj.有把握的；确信的
—How much will the repairs cost?
——修理要多少钱？
—I couldn't say for certain.
——我说不准。
I suggest you make certain of your facts before you accuse anybody.
我建议你在指责别人之前先核实一下你所掌握的事实。sb be certain about/of sth 确信……；对……有把握
know/say for certain 确切知道/肯定地说
make certain that…/of sth 把……了解清楚；弄明白
It's certain that… 不可以说It's sure that…【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
It is ________ that the earth is round.
A．certain B．sure
C．some D．necessary
【答案】A 句意：地球是圆的这一点是确凿无疑的。固定句型：It's certain that…不可以说It's sure that…。7．approach n．& v.
(1)n.[C]方式；方法(常与to连用)
a new approach to teaching languages
教授语言的新方法
(2)n.靠近；接近；临近
Our approach frightened the birds away.
我们一靠近，鸟儿全都被吓走了。(3)n. 通路；入口(与to连用)
The path serves as an approach to the boathouse.
这条小路是通向那个船库的一条路径。
(4)vt.走近；靠近；接近
As they approached the wood a rabbit ran out of the trees.
他们走近森林的时候，一只兔子从树丛里跑了出来。approach to… 接近；靠近；近似，约等于；(做某事)的方法
approach sb with a suggestion 向某人建议
at one's approach＝at the approach of…
在快到……的时候
be easy of approach 容易到达；容易接近【归纳拓展】【语法填空】
(1)With the Double Ninth Festival ____________ (approach), we plan to visit the nearby nursing home.
(2)Finally, I found ________approach to __________ (solve)the math problem.
【答案】(1)approaching (2)an; solving 8．contribution n.
(1)[C]贡献；捐献；捐款
They have made outstanding contributions to science.
他们对科学作出了杰出的贡献。
(2)[C]捐赠物
I give a small contribution to the church every week.
我每周都向教堂捐赠一点东西。contribute v．贡献；捐赠
contribute sth (to) (向……贡献)/捐献
contribute to 有助于；贡献给；导致
contribute sth to… 给……投稿
make a (great) contribution to… 对……作出(巨大的)贡献【归纳拓展】【语法填空】
(1)Honesty and hard work contribute __________ success and happiness.
(2)Robert's __________(contribute) to the research should also be remembered.
(3)He has made an important __________ (contribute) to the company's success.
【单句改错】
(4)A proper amount of exercise contributes at one's health.
【答案】(1)to (2)contributions
(3)contribution (4)at 改为to1．in favour of 支持，赞成；主张
The general opinion is in favor of us.
普遍的舆论对我们有利。
Personally, I am in favor of the new policy.
就我个人来说，我是赞同这个新政策的。(1)do sb a favour＝do a favour for sb帮某人一个忙
(2)find/lose favour with sb得(失)宠于某人
(3)ask a favour of sb请某人帮个忙
(4)in sb's favour对某人有利；受某人喜爱【归纳拓展】The test is in your favour.这次测试对你有利。【单项选择】
When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside________ younger men.
A．in terms of B．in need of
C．in favor of D．in praise of
【答案】C 考查介词词组的用法。当被问起对于校长的看法时，许多老师更愿意校长给更年轻的人的让位。in favor of支持。in terms of就……而言；in need of需要；in praise of表扬。2．protect…from/against…
保护/保卫……免于/免遭……
Try to protect your skin from the sun.
尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。
Kids should be protected from all that violence.
应保护孩子们免受所有暴力的侵害。prevent…(from)…/stop…(from)…/keep…from… 阻止……做……
defend sb/sth against/from… 保护……免受……
free sb/sth from… 使……摆脱……【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from________in the South China Sea.
A．attacking
B．having attacked
C．being attacked
D．having been attacked【答案】C 考查固定词组搭配。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。3．concentrate on/upon全神贯注于；集中精力于；专心于……(亦可用concentrate sth on/upon…)
She was too distracted to concentrate properly on her book.
她心烦意乱，根本无法专心读书。
If you concentrate all your energies on the study of English，you'll master the language.
如果你集中精力学英语的话，你就会掌握这门语言。(1)focus on或focus…on…聚焦于；(把兴趣、活动等)焦点集中在……；目光、注意力集中于……
(2)fix on … (把目光、注意力)集中于……；定睛看【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
所以现在我们必须集中精力于第二回合的比赛确保进入半决赛。
So now we have to ______________ the second game to go through to the semi－finals.
【答案】concentrate on4．consist of… 由……组成
My breakfast consists of bread, jam and milk.
我的早餐通常是面包、果酱和牛奶。consist of＝be made up of ＝be composed of 由……组成
consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于
consist with 与……一致/相符【归纳拓展】True education does not consist in simply being taught facts.
真正的教育并不在于简单地讲授事实。
Theory should consist with practice.
理论应与实践相一致。
注意：consist of 意为“由……组成”，是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态和进行时。【语法填空】
Life mainly consists (1) __________ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist (2) __________ struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist (3)__________ the reality.【完成句子】
(4) 该俱乐部由200多成员组成。
This club ________ ________ more than 200 members.
(5)主要含有碳的煤易燃。
Coal ________ mostly ________ carbon is easy to burn.(6)真正的教育不仅只在于被教授一些事实。
True education does not ________ ________ simply being taught facts.
【答案】(1)of (2)in (3)with (4) consists of (5) consisting；of (6) consist in5．attract the attention of sb(＝attract one's attention)吸引某人的注意
Then his attention was attracted by the little figure of a man.
他的注意力集中在一个身材瘦小的人身上。(1)表示“吸引某人的注意力”的表达还有：
catch one's attention；draw one's attention；keep/hold one's attention
(2)fix/focus one's attention on…将注意力集中于……
devote one's attention to…专心于……
Stand at attention！＝Attention！立正！【归纳拓展】Follett keeps the reader's attention throughout the book.
福利特的书从头到尾都吸引着读者。
May I have your attention，please？＝Attention，please!
请注意！(演讲、口头通知等开头语)【完成句子】
(1)吃完饭后， 他向服务员招手以便引起他的注意。
He waved to ________ ________ ________ ________the waiter after he finished his meal.
(2)我必须努力把注意力集中在工作上。
I've got to try to________ ________ ________ ________work.
【答案】(1)attract the attention of
(2)focus/fix/concentrate my attention on
6．be used to sth/doing sth习惯于某事/做某事
I'm sure I'll get used to the hard work.
我肯定会习惯这项艰苦工作的。(1)be 可以用get/become来代替，to是介词，后加名词/动名词作宾语。
(2)used to do sth过去常常做某事，暗示现在不做了。
(3)be used to do… 被用来做……【归纳拓展】I used to go to the cinema a lot，but I never get the time now.
我过去常看电影，但现在根本没有时间看了。
The shops usedn't to open on Sundays.
这些商店过去在星期天是不营业的。
Coal is used to make electricity.
煤被用来发电。【单项选择】
(1)The country life he was used to ________ greatly since 1992．
A．change B．has changed
C．changing D．have changed
(2)My granny ________live in the country by herself，but now she got used to ________ together with us in the city.
A．used to；live B．got used to；living
C．used to；living D．was used to；live【答案】(1)B “he was used to”在句中作定语，修饰life，空格处是主句的谓语，跟was used to没有关系。根据时间since 1992，用现在完成时。
(2)C 我奶奶过去一个人住在农村，但她现在已经习惯于与我们一起住在城市里。故第一个空应为used to(过去常常)，第二空前的get used to表示“习惯于”，其中的to为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，故用动名词形式living，综合两空白处，C项符合题意。7．stand out显著，显眼；杰出
I think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow sign.
我认为黄色标牌上用黑色字体最醒目。
Well，that dress will make you stand out in a crowd!
啊，那件衣服会使你在人群中很显眼。
Among mystery writers，P.D．James stands out as a superior storyteller.
在侦探小说作家中，P.D．詹姆斯最突出，是讲故事的高手。stand aside 站到一边去；让开；不参与
stand back 退后；向后站
stand by 袖手旁观；准备行动
stand by sb 支持或援助某人
stand by sth 信守/遵守某事
stand for 代表；赞同；支持或主张某事物【归纳拓展】用stand相关短语的适合形式填空
(1)I don't know what EU _____________.
(2)The letters “WHO”___________ the World Health Organization.
(3)The lettering ___________ well against the dark background.
(4)How can you __________ and see him being charged with something he didn't do?
【答案】(1)stands for (2)stand for (3)stand out (4)stand by1．(课文重现)They realise that it does not matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is—most people know that the main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money.
他们意识到，与产品相关联的理念多么吸引人并不重要——多数人知道广告的主要目的就是让消费者花钱。【句式分析】
(1)It does not matter… ……不要紧
(2)linked with the product是过去分词短语修饰the idea，相当于定语从句which is linked with the product；the idea的谓语是is。
(3)making customers spend money是动名词短语作表语，用来说明主语的内容。
His job is raising pigs.
他的工作就是养猪。【语法填空】
(1)After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________ (provide)．
(2)It doesn't matter________ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
(3)Climbing mountains is ________ (interest)．
【答案】(1)provided (2)whether
(3)interesting2．(课文重现)Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.
现代广告必须把最高水平的设计和产品理念相结合，以增强吸引力，这样才能在激烈的竞争中胜出。【句式分析】
形容词词组“full of competition”意为“充满竞争的”，作后置定语，修饰a world；介词短语“by…”表示“通过……”；过去分词短语“linked to…”作后置定语，修饰名词“ideas”；combine…with…为固定短语，意为“把……和……相结合”。link to 与……连接/联系
join…to… 把……和……连接起来
be joined to 和……相连接
connect…to… 把……和……相连接
connect…with… 把……和……相连接/联系起来
be connected with 和……相连接/有联系/有关系【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
When hearing the muddy road ________their village is ________the town would be paved，the villagers got wild with joy.
A．with which; linked with
B．by which; joined with
C．by which; linked to
D．to which; connected with
【答案】C by which引导定语从句修饰先行词the muddy road；link to意为“与……连接/联系”。
3．(课文重现)However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.
然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。【句式分析】
句中not all意为“不是所有的”，all与not连用表示部分否定。
Not all the students are interested in English.
不是所有的学生都对英语感兴趣。
All of them have never been to Beijing.
他们并不是都去过北京。
All that glitters are not gold.
闪光的不都是金子。注意：(1)全部否定要用none，nobody或nothing，另外，both和everyone与not连用，也表示部分否定。
I don't like both of them.
两个我并不都喜欢。
(2)both的全部否定用neither；everyone的全部否定用nobody或no one。【完成句子】
(1)不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。
_____________________ after they graduate from high school.
(2)并不是每个人都像你那么自私。
Everyone ____________________ as you.
(3)他们两人不都是工程师。
________________ engineers.【答案】(1)All students can not go to key universities/Not all students can go to key universities
(2)is not as selfish
(3)Both of them are not/Not both of them areUnit 11 Period Three
Ⅰ.指出下列句子中动名词的用法
1．Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?
________________________________________________________________________
2．Seeing is believing.
________________________________________________________________________
3．There is no telling what will happen.
________________________________________________________________________
4．I was met by a welcoming party at the airport.
________________________________________________________________________
5．I'm looking forward to seeing him again.
________________________________________________________________________
6．Swimming after work is very relaxing.
________________________________________________________________________
7．I can't imagine ever leaving this company.
________________________________________________________________________
8．It is no use arguing_with_him about such a matter.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1.介词宾语 2.主语和表语 3.主语 4.定语
5．介词宾语 6.主语和表语 7.宾语 8.主语
Ⅱ.把下列句子变为被动语态
1．People use a great deal of water in this city.
→A great deal of water________ ________ in this city.
2．Can I answer this question in simple English?
→________this question________ ________in simple English?
3．You should pay more attention to your table manners.
→Your table manners________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
→More attention__________ __________ ________ __________ your table manners.
4．He gave her some money.
→She ________ ________ some money by him.
→Some money________ ________ ________her by him.
5．I saw him come this morning.
→He ________ ________ ________ ________this morning.
6．The manager has not signed the papers.
→The papers________ ________ ________ ________by the manager.
7．Do many people speak Chinese outside China?
→________Chinese________by many people outside China?
8．The police are looking into the matter.
→The matter________ ________ ________ ________by the police.
【答案】1.is used 2.Can; be answered 3.should be paid more attention to；should be paid to 4.was given；was given to
5．was seen to come 6.have not been signed
7．Is；spoken 8.is being looked into
Ⅲ.单项选择
1．In the spoken English of some areas in the US，the “r” sounds at the end of the words ________.
A．are dropped
B．drop
C．are being dropped
D．have dropped
2．The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．has restored
B．has been restored
C．is restoring
D．is being restored
3．This coastal area ________ a national wildlife reserve last year.
A．was named
B．named
C．is named
D．names
4．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A．is made
B．would make
C．was to be made
D．had made
5．Sarah，hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to ________ before the party.
A．get changed
B．get change
C．get changing
D．get to change
6．If Newton lived today，he would be surprised by what ________ in science and technology.
A．had discovered
B．had been discovered
C．has discovered
D．has been discovered
7．He used to ________in the city，but now he has got used to ________in the countryside.
A．live；live
B．live；living
C．living；live
D．living；living
8.The book is worthy ________.
A．reading B．to read
C．being read D．to be read
9．The key ________the problem is to meet the demand ________by the customers.
A．to solving；making
B．to solving；made
C．to solve；making
D．to solve；made
10．—He has a good sense of humor.
—So people appreciate ________with him.
A．work B．to work
C．working D．worked
【答案与解析】
1．A 在美国一些地方的口语中，单词结尾的字母r的发音通常被略掉。通过题干可以判断出sounds和drop为被动关系，故排除B项和D项；另外，题中所提为普遍现象，应为一般现在时，故选择A项。
2．D 教堂的钟塔正在修复，不久就会对游客开放。修复工作差不多完成了。根据语境，主语tower和动词restore之间是被动关系，A、C两项被排除；又由句意可知，修复工作还未完成，而是正在进行中，所以不能使用现在完成时，要用现在进行时态。
3．A 去年，这块沿海地区被命名为国家野生动物保护区。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，此处应用被动语态。由句中时间状语last year可知，谓语动词应该为过去时态，故答案为A。
4．C 在澳大利亚发现了金子，这使数以千计的人们认为在那里可以发财。从语境中动作的先后看可知，“在那里发财”这一动作发生在“发现了金子”这一动作之后且还未发生，因此make a fortune(发财)用过去将来时的被动语态。A项的一般现在时、B项的主动语态、D项的过去完成时都不正确。用was to be made表示将来的可能性。故选C。
5．A 考查get型的被动语态。get done表示动作的结果。句意：萨拉，快点！恐怕你在聚会前没时间换装了。
6．D 考查时态和语态。句意：如果牛顿活在今天的话，他一定会为科技上的发现大吃一惊的。分析句意可知，what与discover为动宾关系；由today可知应用现在完成时。
7．B 句意：他过去住在城里，现在已习惯于住在乡下了。used to do表“过去常常，过去曾经”；be used to doing表“习惯于”。
8．D 这本书值得一读。be worthy后接动词，而该动词又与前面主语构成被动关系时，要用to be done或of being done。
9．B 句意：解决问题的办法就是满足顾客提出的要求。the key to表“……的解决办法”，to为介词，后接doing作宾语，made短语作demand的定语，构成被动关系。
10．C 句意：他有幽默感，因此人们都喜欢与他共事。appreciate后接动名词作宾语。
课件24张PPT。Period Three Grammar 一、被动语态
1．各种时态的被动语态
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式用主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式用被动语态。被动语态的句子结构为：主语＋be＋过去分词。被动语态主要用于下列八种时态：被动语态及动名词2．特殊被动语态用法
(1)“get＋过去分词”可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。
She got married last week.
她上周结婚了。
The patient got treated once a week.
那位病人一周做一次治疗。(2)主动形式表被动意义
①感官动词taste，feel，smell，sound，look等常用主动形式表示被动意义。
His plan proved (to be) practical.
他的计划证明是实用的。
It has gone bad.
它变坏了。(它变质了。)
The desk feels smooth.
桌子摸起来很光滑。②有些表示主语内在“性能”的动词clean，lock，keep，open，sell，wash，write等常用主动形式表示被动意义。
Your pen writes smoothly.
你的笔写起来很流畅。
His book does not sell.
他的书没有销路。③want，require，need后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
Your hair wants cutting.
你的头发该理了。
The room needs cleaning.
这房间需要打扫。
④be worth 后面用动名词主动形式表示被动含义。
The book is well worth buying.
这本书很值得买。
⑤在“be＋形容词＋to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动表被动。
This kind of water isn't fit to drink.
这种水不宜喝。
The girl isn't easy to get along with.
这个女孩不易相处。
二、动名词
1．动名词的功能
(1)动名词作主语
Finding work is difficult these days.
这些天找工作不容易。(2)动名词作宾语
①下列动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不可接不定式作宾语：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest等。
I admit breaking the window.
我承认打坏了窗户。②下列短语后要接动名词作宾语：burst out，can't stand，end up，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，look forward to，put off，devote…to，object to，be busy (in)，get down to，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)等。
Everyone burst out laughing.
每个人都大笑。③动词need，require，want作“需要”解时，其后要用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。
The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned.
窗户该擦了。
④形容词worth后要接动名词的主动形式表达被动意义。
The book is worth reading.
这本书值得一读。⑤介词后要接动名词作宾语。
They are thinking of moving to America.
他们正想着迁居美国。
What do you mean by saying that?
你那样说是什么意思？
(3)动名词作表语
Her job is looking after children.
她的工作是照顾孩子。
(4)动名词作定语
动名词作定语常用来表示名词的功能用途。
a walking stick＝a stick for walking 拐杖2．动名词的构成形式3．动名词的复合结构
动名词之前有时要加上自己的逻辑主语构成复合结构，逻辑主语可用名词的所有格或物主代词，有时也可用名词或宾格代词。
I appreciate your helping me.
你帮助了我，不胜感谢。Unit 11 Period Four
时间：60分钟
Ⅰ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Voice of America began during World War Ⅱ，when Germany was broadcasting a radio program to get international__1__.American officials believed they should__2__ the German broadcast with words that they thought were the facts of world events.The first VOA news report began with words in __3__：“The __4__ may be good or bad, but we shall tell you the truth.” Within a week, other VOA__5__ were broadcasting in Italian, French and English.
After the World War Ⅱ ended in 1945, some Americans felt VOA's__6__ had to be changed，__7__ the Soviet Union(苏联) became enemy of America.They wanted to__8__ Soviet listeners.Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.
In the early days VOA began adding something new to its broadcast that was__9__“Music USA”．Another new idea came along in 1959.VOA knew that many listeners did not know__10__ English to completely understand its__11__ English broadcast.So VOA __12__ a simpler kind of English, __13__ uses about 1,500 words and is spoken__14__.Of course, it is special English.
In the__15__ of most VOA listeners, the most __16__ program is the news report.News from around the world__17__ into the VOA news room in Washington D．C.24 hours a day.It comes from VOA reporters in__18__ cities and aim from other__19__ like BBC.VOA writers and editors use these materials to __20__ news reports，which are being broadcast in 43 languages.
( )1.A.business B．culture
C．support D．information
( )2.A.reply B．answer
C．join D．interrupt
( )3.A.time B．short
C．English D．German
( )4.A.news B．problems
C．effects D．opinions
( )5.A.stations B．news
C．announcers D．officials
( )6.A.home B．position
C．purpose D．result
( )7.A.if B．supposing
C．considering D．in order that
( )8.A.reach B．satisfy
C．attack D．support
( )9.A.known B．reported
C．called D．printed
( )10.A.American B．British
C．standard D．enough
( )11.A.normal B．fast
C．good D．exact
( )12.A.invented B．discovered
C．taught D．stopped
( )13.A.it B．who
C．which D．that
( )14.A.slowly B．rapidly
C．normally D．loudly
( )15.A.pleasure B．course
C．opinion D．advice
( )16.A.difficult B．important
C．various D．common
( )17.A.flies B．sends
C．delivers D．pasts
( )18.A.all B．major
C．American D．new
( )19.A.broadcasts B．forms
C．newspapers D．countries
( )20.A.broadcast B．announce
C．translate D．prepare
【解题导语】本文主要讲了VOA的发展情况。
1．C 德国的广播节目是为了赢得世界范围的支持。
2．B 美国官员觉得他们应用事实来回应德国的广播。
3．D 最初的节目是用德语广播的，为回应德国的广播。用德文而不是英文是自然而然的事情。
4．A 句意为“可能是好消息，也可能是坏消息”。
5．C 后面是主动语态，所以主语应为“人”，而非“新闻”。
6．C 二战过后，VOA的目的就变了。
7．C 把前苏联当成头号敌人。
8．A 他们想让前苏联听众接收到他们的节目。
9．C 早期的VOA加了一些“被称为……”的音乐。
10．D 很多听众的英语有限。
11．A 听不懂正常英语的广播节目。
12．A 他们发明了一种简单的英语。
13．C 引导非限制性定语从句用which。
14．A 广播必须比正常的速度慢。
15．C in the opinion of表示“在……看来”。
16．B 最重要的是新闻。
17．A fly可以用物来作主语；若用其他动词则需用被动式。
18．B “大城市”用major来修饰。
19．A 还有来自其他电台的新闻，根据like后面的BBC可知。
20．D “用这些材料来准备他们的新闻报道”。
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In most big cities，it is possible 1.________(hire) a taxi at a moment's notice when the weather is good.But when it's raining，people have a much harder time 2.________(find) one.One obvious reason is 3.________ many people who walk short distances during good weather prefer 4.________(take) a taxi in the rain.So taxis will tend to be more fully 5.________(occupy) on rainy days.In addition，the supply of available taxis is also 6.________(small) because a taxi driver works shorter hours when it rains.Why？Many drivers，according to a recent survey，work only as long as 7.________ takes to reach a targeted income each day.On sunny days，they must spend much of their time for fares，so it takes longer to reach the target.They can reach the target more 8.________ (quick)when it's raining because taxis tend to be full most of the time.9.________，taxi drivers should work as many hours as possible on rainy days and spend more spare time on sunny days，if their goals were to reach a target level of income over a longer period，say one month，by 10.________(work) the smallest possible number of hours.
【答案与解析】
1．to hire It is possible to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是可能的”。
2．finding have time (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“有时间做某事”。
3．that that在此引导表语从句。
4．to take/taking prefer to do/doing sth.意为“更喜欢做某事”。
5．occupied taxi与occupy为被动关系，意为“出租车被占用”，前面已有be，故用occupied。
6．smaller 根据下文中的shorter hours可知，此处应用比较级，前后保持一致。
7．it it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
8．quickly 动词reach需用副词来修饰。
9．Therefore 下文是针对上文描述的现象给出的总结性建议；总结前面内容，另起一句，故填Therefore。
10．working 介词后跟v-ing形式。
Ⅲ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One winter Sunday， my little sister， Colleen， and I built the greatest snowman ever. We gave him a carrot nose， beautiful hat， cozy scarf and gloves. He was a masterpiece(杰作).
The next morning when looking outside， we smiled lovingly at him over our meal. We gave him a high five as we passed by on our way to school. A lot of kids went past our house， so he was the hot topic at our school that morning. It was our pride！
The day dragged on until finally we could rush home. But as our yard came into sight， we saw something wrong. The snowman was gone！We only found a broken stick here， a torn glove there and balls of snow everywhere. Worst of all， the snowman's once－proud carrot nose lay limp(无力的) and half－eaten.
What had happened？ We were both astonished and angry. But then， we were only kids， who wouldn't have anything take away our happiness. Actually we knew only one thing： Our snowman would rise again. And so we rebuilt him.
The next day we came home to find another mess on the front lawn(草坪). For the rest of the week， the destruction was repeated daily. Each afternoon we'd return to find our snowman had fallen apart， and then we built again.
By Saturday morning， we had a plan. We borrowed a really big bucket(水桶) from Mom， filled it with water and left it outside. The next morning， it was frozen solid. We packed snow all around the ice block as the base(底座) of the snowman. Then we built the other parts of it once again. The trap was set， and we waited for the snowman bullies(破坏者) to come.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
On Monday morning， hiding behind the window， we soon saw what we were waiting for.
Paragraph 2：
Seeing their pained look， we wouldn't help laughing.
【答案】
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
On Monday morning， hiding behind the window， we soon saw what we were waiting for.
It turned out that there were three of them from our school. They sneaked up on our snowman and sneered. Taking their places on either side， they pulled back their legs to deliver powerful kicks. But the moment they hit the hard ice block of the base， sneers turned into shock， then agony and tears. They howled and cursed， gritting their teeth and stomping their feet.
Paragraph 2：
Seeing their pained look， we wouldn't help laughing. They were too funny as they hopped away holding their injured feet. We just couldn't contain our happiness and excitement. With a hearty laugh， we came out of hiding and sprang into the yard from inside the house. “An eye for an eye！ Justice done！” We yelled behind them. And that was the end of our problems with the snow bullies. Ever since then， our snowman was kept guarded and intact until it happily melted into spring water and finally wove into our sweetest childhood memories.
课件68张PPT。Period Four Lesson 4Ⅰ.单词识记
1．_______________n. ( 作计划或决定时) 必须考虑的事
2． ________________adj.天真无邪的；单纯的
3． ________________n. 天文学家
4．________________ v. 作出结论
5． ________________adj. 泥泞的 consideration
innocent
astronomer
conclude
muddy
6．________________n．勇敢
7．________________n．发言人
8．________________n．雾
9．________________n. 救护车
10．________________ n．虚构的事 bravery
spokesman
fog
ambulance
fictionⅡ.短语天地
1．___________to依照；按照
2．as ________ as只要
3．________a distinction区别
4．________the way挡道
5．get ________ in困住；陷在
6．________the last minute在最后关头according long make in stuck at
7．look ________ for留神；注意
8．be related________ 与……有关
9．keep away________ 使远离
10．make a comment_____ 对……作评论out to from on Ⅲ.预读理解
Fast reading：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．People have ________ about when bad language was serious and when it was not.
A．disagreement
B．amazing agreement
C．different opinions2．The accident happened because of the ________.
A．rain B．dark
C．fog
3．________was/were killed or badly hurt in the accident.
A．Two astronomers
B．No one
C．The truck driver4．The truck driver parked his truck ________.
A．in the way of the trolleybus
B．on the railway
C．in the parking lot
5．Mum Lillian can't stop crying because of ________.
A．sadness B．happiness
C．illnessCareful reading：Read the passage carefully and tell the following statements True (T)or False(F).
6．Susan Bold thinks we can increase the amount of bad language used on television.( )
7．More than 30 astronomers' trolleybus crashed into a private car on Park Avenue.( )
8．It's amazing that no one was badly hurt in the accident.( )
9．After a 31－year holiday，Mum Lillian Derbyshire is going to see her four daughters again.( )
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．F 7．F 8．T 9．TⅣ.句型搜索
1．At the last minute，he jumped out of the truck，hurting his ankle.
[信息提取] v. － ing 作结果状语
[例句仿写] 弟弟把灯关了，结果什么也看不见了。
My younger brother turned off the light，________ nothing.2．“I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck，”he said afterwards.
[信息提取] if 引导虚拟语气
[例句仿写] 如果你昨天来，你就可以看见姚明了。
________ ________ ________ ________ here yesterday, you would have seen Yao Ming.3．People don't mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.
[信息提取] as long as 只要
[例句仿写] 只要明天天晴，我们就去游泳。
________ ________ ________it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming.
【答案】1．seeing 2．If you had come 3．As long as1．consideration n.
(1)考虑；熟虑；深思
Your teachers will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.
老师在给你的考试评分时，会考虑到你最近生病这一情况的。
(2)体谅；顾虑
Jeff never shows any consideration for his mother's feelings.
杰夫从来不体谅他母亲的感受。(1)show consideration for sb对某人体贴
out of consideration for… 出于对……的体谅
under consideration正在考虑中
take…into consideration把……考虑在内；考虑【归纳拓展】(2)consider v．考虑；深思
consider doing sth考虑做某事(不用to do)
consider…(to be) 认为……是……
(3)all things considered综观一切；全盘考虑
considering prep.& conj.就……而论；照……来看；考虑到All things considered，we decided to change our plan.
综观一切之后，我们决定改变计划。
Considering his old age，we didn't invite him to climb the mountain.
考虑到他年纪大了，我们没有邀请他去爬山。【单项选择】
Taking everything into________，I decided to go there alone.
A．consideration B．liberation
C．population D．decoration
【答案】A 一切考虑在内，我打算一个人去那里。固定搭配：take…into consideration 把……考虑在内；liberation 解放；population 人口；decoration 装饰。2．bravery n．勇敢；勇气
He deserves the highest praise for his bravery.
他的英勇行为应该获得最高的赞誉。
He gave an example of bravery and wisdom.
他是个智勇双全的典型。brave adj.勇敢的；英勇的
brave v．不顾；不怕；冒(危险、风雪等)
brave it out 勇敢地面对(危险、困难等)
bravely adv.勇敢地【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
(1)It was a great danger but he encouraged his son to ________.
A．brave it away B．brave it out
C．brave D．be bravery
(2)The policeman showed great ________ in the face of danger.He fought ________ against five criminals.
A．brave; bravery B．bravery; brave
C．bravery; bravely D．brave; bravely
【答案】(1)B brave it out意为“勇敢地面对危险”。
(2)C show great bravery“表现极其勇敢”，用名词形式作宾语；fight bravely“勇敢地战斗”，用副词修饰动词。3．innocent adj.
(1)无罪的；清白的
He's innocent of murder.
他没犯杀人罪。
(2)天真的；纯真无邪的；单纯的
I was thirteen years old and very innocent.
我那时13岁，年幼无知。be innocent of 没做……；是无辜的
innocence n．[U]清白无辜；无罪；天真；单纯【归纳拓展】Can you prove your innocence?
你能证明自己无罪吗？【完成句子】
(1)不管你怎样想，他终究是无辜的。
Whatever you may think，he's________.
(2)那也许是个没有恶意的问题，但迈克尔还是变得紧张不安。
It was probably ____________， but Michael got nervous anyway.
【答案】(1)innocent
(2)an innocent question
4．conclude v．推断出
From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker.
从他的外表，我们可以有把握地断定他烟抽得很凶。(1)conclude sth.from sth. 从……中推断出
conclude sth. by doing sth./with sth. 以……结束……
It be concluded that… 结论是……【归纳拓展】(2)conclusion n. 结论；结束；议定
come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
bring…to a conclusion 使……结束
make a conclusion 下结论
in conclusion 总而言之I draw a conclusion from his speech that first aid is very useful.
从他的报告中我得出了一个结论：急救非常有用。
注意：表示“总而言之”的表达还有：in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。【语法填空】
Mr. White delivered a lecture yesterday. In it, he made a conclusion (1)________ it is important to concentrate on what is being done.He concluded the lecture (2) ________a joke.In (3)__________(conclude), his lecture was very good.【完成句子】
(4)最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！
____________ , I wish everyone a complete success!
(5)从这幅图我们可以推断这是一个中国寓言故事。
We can ______________ that this is a story from an ancient Chinese idiom.
【答案】(1)that (2)with (3)conclusion (4)In conclusion (5)conclude from this picture5．scene n．场面；场景；发生地点；景色
(1)behind the scenes在幕后；不公开的
Most important political decisions are made behind the scenes.
大多数的重要政治决定都是秘密做出的。
(2)(某地方或图画中的)景色
a peaceful country scene宁静的乡村景色【单项选择】
When the police arrived at the ________，everything has been destroyed.
A．scene B．schedule
C．design D．form
【答案】A 当警察到达现场时，一切都被毁坏了。arrive at/reach the scene到达现场； schedule 时间表；design 设计；form形式。6．load n．& v.
(1)n.负担；重量；压力；载重量；负荷
The good news has taken a load off my mind.
这个好消息去掉了我的思想负担。
(2)v.装(货)；把(重物)放在……上
The men had to load the lorry with sand.
那些人不得不把沙子装上卡车。carry a load of… 负担……重担/重物
load…with… 用……装满……(亦可用be loaded with…)【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
他们正在往卡车上装货物。
They ____________ the truck ______ goods.
【答案】are loading; with1．as long as
(1)如果；只要。引导条件状语从句。
You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard.
只要不出后院，你可以出去玩。(2)意为“长达”。
You can stay here as long as you want.
这儿你爱待多久就待多久。
The table is as long as 2 metres.
这桌子长达2米。as much as 多达
as far as 远至；至于
as soon as 一……就……
as…as… 跟……一样……
not as/so…as 和……不一样；不如……【归纳拓展】【单项选择】
One's life has value ________ one brings value to the life of others.
A．so that B．no matter how
C．as long as D．except that
【答案】C as long as意为“只要”；so that意为“以便；因此”；no matter how意为“不管怎样”；except that意为“除了”。句意：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。根据题意，应选C项。2．be meant for… 作……用
She was meant for a teacher.
原先打算让她当一名教师。
Fairy tales weren't just meant for children.
童话故事不仅仅是写给孩子们的。be intended for 打算给；愿意要；专门为……设计
be meant to do sth 应该做某事
mean doing sth 意味着(必须要做某事或导致某种结果)，其主语通常是指事物的词。
mean to do sth 打算或企图做某事，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。
mean sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事，也可以用于被动结构。【归纳拓展】This is a book intended for young children.
这是一本专供幼儿阅读的书。
I thought the police were meant to protect people.
我以为警察的职责就是保护人民。【完成句子】
(1)The chair was obviously __________(是专为儿童准备的)．
(2)Life ___________ (应该就是)be an adventure full of fun, passion, and meaning.
(3)His father______________________ (想让他当工程师)．
【答案】(1)meant for children
(2)is meant to
(3)meant him to be an engineer3．get stuck in…＝be stuck in… 被陷在；被卡在
The bus got stuck in the snow and we had to walk the rest of the way.
公共汽车陷在雪中开不动了，剩下的路我们只好步行了。(1)stick out 伸出；探出
(2)stick to(to为介词) 坚持，遵守；不放弃
stick to one's promise 信守诺言
stick to one's post 坚守岗位
(3)be caught in 被陷在；被困在；赶上【归纳拓展】He stuck his head out of the car window.
他把头探出车窗外。【完成句子】
他们已经被交通堵塞困在那里三个小时了。
They _______ the traffic jam for three hours.
【答案】have been stuck in 4．in the way碍事；挡路
I am afraid your car is in the way.
我恐怕你的汽车挡着路了。in a way 在某种程度上
by the way 顺便说一下
by way of… 经由……；途经……
on the way to… 在去……的路上
in no way 绝不；一点也不【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)___________(决不)can theory be separated from practice.
(2)I met an old friend of mine________(在我回家的路上)．
(3)Can you tell me the way you think of __________(解决这个问题的)?
(4)I can't get the door open; that chair is _________(挡路了)．
【答案】(1)In no way (2)on my way home
(3)to solve the problem (4)in the way1．(课文重现)Leeds University concluded that people made a distinction between bad language used in programmes for adults，and those meant for children.
利兹大学得出结论，人们对成年人节目和儿童节目中使用的不良语言是有区分的。【句式分析】
(1)used in programmes for adults为过去分词短语，作bad language的定语，相当于定语从句which was used in programmes for adults。
(2)meant for children为过去分词短语，作those的定语，相当于定语从句that were meant for children。(3)those用来代替前面提到的复数名词，以避免重复，单数用that，用来表示特指，后面有定语。
The girls in our class are more active than those in that class.
我们班的女生比那班的活跃。(those指代girls)
He told me his story and also that of his sister's.
他给我讲了他的故事，也讲了他姐的故事。(that指story)【语法填空】
(1)Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ________ of McDonald's.
(2)The population of China is larger than _________ of Japan.
(3)The books in this library are more interesting than _________ in that bookshop.
【答案】(1)those (2)that (3)those2．(课文重现)At the last minute，he jumped out of the truck，hurting his ankle，before the trolleybus crashed into the truck，pushing it 20 yards.
最后一刻，在电车撞上卡车并把它撞到20码以外之前，他跳离了卡车，伤了脚踝。【句式分析】
(1)hurting his ankle是现在分词短语，在句子中作结果状语。
He left home in a hurry，forgetting to lock the door.
他匆忙离开家，结果忘记了锁门。
He ran all the way，reaching school out of breath.
他一路奔跑，结果到校时上气不接下气。
(2)下文的pushing it 20 yards也是现在分词短语，作结果状语，it指的是the truck。【单项选择】
He got up late and hurried to his office，________the breakfast untouched.
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
【答案】C 考查非谓语动词。v.－ing作结果状语。
3．(课文重现)“I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck，” he said afterwards.
他后来说：“如果我待在卡车里，我就没命了。”
【句式分析】
I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck是虚拟语气在条件句中的应用，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。其结构为：条件句：had＋过去分词，主句：would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词。
If you had studied hard，you would have passed the exam.
如果你努力学习了，你就会通过考试了。(事实上过去没有努力学)【语法填空】
(1)If my car ________ (be) more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.
(2)Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (make) of steel.
【答案】(1)had been (2)were made4．(课文重现)A spokesman for the police said，“It's amazing that no one was badly hurt.When we arrived at the scene，we called an ambulance as we saw blood everywhere.”
警方的一位发言人说：“没有一个人严重受伤真是一个奇迹。当我们到达现场时看到到处是血，就叫来一辆救护车。”【句式分析】
It's amazing that…令人惊异的是……，it为形式主语。that引导主语从句。这类句型很多：
It's clear that… 很清楚……
It's surprising that… 令人吃惊……
It's well－known that… 众所周知……
It's very likely that… 很可能……It's possible that… 有可能……
It's strange that… 很奇怪……
It's surprising that the top student didn't pass the exam.
那个顶尖的学生考试竟然不及格，真是令人惊讶。
It is likely that he won't come to the party.
他很可能不来参加宴会了。【单项选择】
It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where
C．which D．that
【答案】D 考查名词性从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。Unit 11 Period Five
时间：40分钟
Ⅰ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Internet is an ocean of knowledge.It can be helpful to people all over the world.This is，in fact，why it has been __1__ for so long.But there are some parts of the Internet that make it disadvantageous for certain __2__ groups.
As a huge database(资料库) of __3__，the Internet can be used to draw facts about anything.And it keeps you up-to-date with all the events that are __4__ throughout the world in the form of news，__5__ and videos.Newspapers are certainly a(n) __6__ part of this process，but the Internet gets updated with the __7__ news much faster than newspapers get __8__.So the news that you get is much __9__.The Internet is also a great way to __10__ with your friends and family members who live far away.__11__family and friends，the Internet also forms a perfect medium(媒介) for business meetings that are held across countries，which has become very __12___ these days.
However，there are also a few __13__ in using the Internet.The first one is the exposure to some unhealthy contents.This is a major problem that __14__ parents of all teenagers.The Internet is also a readily available source of video games，__15__ violent games.Children who are at the age of experimenting may __16__ getting addicted to some of the games.And the Internet is a source of computer viruses which can be a __17__ to your computer，and __18__ your system in the end. ___19__， it is important to have an antivirus program on your computer.These are some of the things worrying people about the __20__ of the Internet.So you may think twice before making your own choice.
( )1.A.amusing B．confusing
C．popular D．difficult
( )2.A.age B．sex
C．family D．income
( )3.A.opinions B．language
C．instructions D．information
( )4.A.running out B．taking place
C．breaking out D．coming true
( )5.A.books B．letters
C．pictures D．diaries
( )6.A.important B．different
C．missing D．unusual
( )7.A.local B．great
C．biggest D．latest
( )8.A.lost B．printed
C．signed D．collected
( )9.A.fresher B．longer
C．funnier D．better
( )10.A.get along well B．come up
C．keep in touch D．put up
( )11.A.As for B．Along with
C．Apart from D．Instead of
( )12.A.puzzling B．common
C．similar D．disappointing
( )13.A.adventures B．challenges
C．improvements D．disadvantages
( )14.A.concerns B．interests
C．changes D．encourages
( )15.A.probably B．especially
C．finally D．suddenly
( )16.A.stop B．remember
C．worry about D．end up
( )17.A.lie B．solution
C．danger D．surprise
( )18.A.damage B．develop
C．perfect D．support
( )19.A.Anyhow B．Therefore
C．However D．Moreover
( )20.A.future B．value
C．history D．use
【答案与解析】
1．C 根据上句“It can be helpful to people all over the world.”可知，网络对全世界的人都是有帮助的，由此推断出网络是很受欢迎的。popular受欢迎的。故选C。
2．A 根据下文teenagers可知，此处指网络对于一些特定年龄的人群来说是不好的。故选A。
3．D 根据上文“The Internet is an ocean of knowledge.”可知，网络是知识的海洋，因此是一个很大的信息库。information信息。故选D。
4．B 根据句意可知，网络能够以新闻、图片和视频的形式让人们实时了解全世界正在发生的事情。take place发生。故选B。
5．C 根据常识，网络上有很多新闻、图片和视频，故选C。
6．A 根据常识，报纸是人们获得信息的一个很重要的方式。故选A。
7．D 根据上文“gets updated”可知，此处指最新的消息，latest最新的。故选D。
8．B 根据常识，网络上信息的更新速度比报纸印刷得快。print印刷。故选B。
9．A 由于网络信息更新很快，因此人们从网络上获得的信息是新鲜的。fresh新鲜的。故选A。
10．C 根据常识，人们可以通过网络和住得远的朋友及家人保持联系。keep in touch with sb.和某人保持联系。故选C。
11．C 根据常识，除了和朋友及家人之间的联系，网络也是一个跨国商业会议的完美的中介。apart from除了。故选C。
12．B 根据常识，通过网络召开跨国商业会议是很普遍的。common普遍的。故选B。
13．D 根据下文“The first one is the exposure to some unhealthy contents.”可知，网上有很多不健康的内容，因此使用网络也有很多缺点。disadvantage缺点。故选D。
14．A 根据常识，父母担心孩子在网络上接触到一些不健康的内容。concern使担忧，使担心。故选A。
15．B 根据句意，在网络上有很多视频，尤其是暴力视频。especially尤其是。故选B。
16．D 处在爱尝试新事物年龄段的孩子们最后可能会迷上网络游戏。end up doing sth.以做某事而告终。故选D。
17．C 根据句中“a source of computer viruses”可知，网络是电脑病毒的来源，对电脑来说是一个危险，danger危险。故选C。
18．A 根据常识，电脑病毒会毁坏电脑，damage毁坏。故选A。
19．B 由于电脑很容易受到病毒的侵袭，因此在电脑上安装杀毒的程序是很重要的。therefore因此。故选B。
20．D 根据句意，关于电脑的使用，人们担心很多事情。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wednesday's TV and Radio Highlights
Combat Chefs
Five, 8：00 p．m.
In tonight's series，Harry Lomas returns to the studios' kitchen in an attempt to attract his new members with enthusiasm for home cooking；quite a challenge when they have an average age of just 18 and are extremely short on training.
Jack：a Soldier's Story
BBC 3, 9：00 p．m.
In Helmand，Jack Mizon was a hero.Back in Aldershot，he's a troublemaker.This excellent program by Ben Anderson，broadcast early on BBC 3，follows Jack as he returns from Afghanistan.Mizon appears as an interesting，attracting and disordered character，whose quickness to fight sees him facing incarceration(关押) in a civilian prison.
Right to Die
Sky Real Lives/SRLHD, 9：00 p．m.
John Zaritsky's program deals with the controversial question of whether people should be able to choose to end their own lives.Zaritsky focuses on the Swiss Organization Dignities，which helps people with incurable illnesses commit suicide.
The Essay：John Milton
Radio 3, 11：00 p．m.
Radio 3 has just begun a major celebration of John Milton.The Essay all week discusses his essays how they relate to the revolutionary current of his times and of his own career. Areopagitica，his great essay on the freedom of the press and of thought，is discussed tonight by Andreas Whittam Smith，once of this newspaper，founding editor of The Independent, latterly president of the British Board of Film Classification.
( )1.What TV or radio program can you watch if you return home at 10：00 p．m.?
A．Combat Chefs.
B．Jack：a Soldier's Story.
C．Right to Die.
D．The Essay：John Milton.
( )2.If you want to know some information more about Jack，you can choose________.
A．Radio 3 B．BBC 4
C．BBC 3 D．Five
( )3.Those who are interested in being a cook may like the program________.
A．Combat Chefs
B．Jack：a Soldier's Story
C．Right to Die
D．The Essay：John Milton
( )4.From the passage we may know Areopagitica ________.
A．is good at writing the essay
B．is a great essay written by John Milton
C．deals with many problems
D．is an essay written by Andreas Whittam Smith
【解题导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几个不同时段的电视和广播节目。
1．D 细节理解题。根据文章所给出的每个节目的时间可知，晚上10点后的节目只有The Essay：John Milton，故正确答案为D。
2．C 细节理解题。根据Jack：a Soldier's Story节目中的“…broadcast early on BBC 3”可知C项为正确答案。
3．A 细节理解题。根据节目介绍可知，只有Combat Chefs节目是关于厨艺方面的。
4．B 推理判断题。根据最后一个节目中“Areopagitica，his great essay on the freedom of the press and of thought…”可知，《论出版自由》这是一本关于新闻自由思想的伟大著作，它的作者是John Milton。故正确答案为B。
B
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of.It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices，so setting up a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at good prices.By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living.By helping to increase demand it causes an increased need for labor，and is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment.It lowers the costs of many services：without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much，the price of your television program would need to be doubled，and travel by bus or subway would cost more.
And perhaps most important of all，advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy.Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising，no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising.He will not do so for long，for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor article more than once.If you see an article frequently advertised，it is the proof I know that the article does what is promised for it，and that it has good value.
Advertising does more for the good of the public than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on.Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs.He was telling us the real difference.Of course advertising tries to persuade.
If its message were nothing but information，that would be difficult to get more people to buy，for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention.But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.
( )5.By the first sentence of the passage the author means that________.
A．he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
B．everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
C．advertising costs money like everything else
D．it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
( )6.In the passage，which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?
A．Scoring greater fame.
B．Providing more jobs.
C．Raising living standards.
D．Reducing newspaper cost.
( )7.The author means that the well-known TV personality is________.
A．very precise in passing his judgement on advertising
B．interested in nothing but the buyer's attention
C．correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information
D．obviously partial in his views on advertising
( )8.What attitude does the author hold for advertising?
A．Negative. B．Positive.
C．Ridiculous. D．Not stated.
【解题导语】本文主要论述了对广告的看法。
5．D 推理判断题。第一句句意：钱用于做广告是值得的，如同我所知道的任何好的事情一样。
6．A 细节理解题。从第一段的第三句开始，作者列举了广告的好处，“raise standards of living”与C相符；“it causes an increased need for labor”与B相符；“without advertisements，your daily newspaper would cost four times as much”与D相符。只有A在文中未被提到。
7．D 推理判断题。见文章第四段：一位电视界名人说他反对广告，原因是广告在于劝说而不是传递信息，而作者对此看法不同。作者认为：广告当然在于劝说，在接下来的一段中，又说如果广告只是把自己限制在信息方面，那么它就很难，甚至不可能达到目的，由此可知作者认为那位电视名人关于广告的看法是片面的。
8．B 推理判断题。在文章的开头句及第三段等作者都充分肯定了广告的作用，所以他的态度是肯定的。
课件34张PPT。Period Five Communication WorkshopⅠ.单词识记
1．________________vt.打断(某人的讲话或动作)；打扰
2．________________n. 烟草；烟叶
3．________________adj.用某种方法
4．________________adj.错误的；不正确的interrupt tobacco somehow false 5．________________n. 编辑
6．________________adv. 在前面
7．________________n．失业(状态)
8．________________adj.自然环境的
9．________________n. 保护；防卫
10．________________adj. 有害的editor
ahead
unemployment
environmental
protection
harmfulⅡ.短语天地
1．____________________反对
2．___________________开始做；着手干
3．____________________即使；纵然
4．____________________对……有害
5．____________________对……有影响
6．____________________发生be against
go ahead with
even though
be harmful to…
have an effect on…
take place7．___________________对……感到满意
8．___________________对……感到高兴
9．__________________把……归功于……；应感激……
10．__________________因某事感谢某人be satisfied with be pleased with owe…to… thank sb for sth Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．No matter what the government says，it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.
[信息提取] no matter 引导让步状语从句
[例句仿写] 不管你说什么我都听。
________ ________ ________you say, I will listen.2．We should do everything we can to stop this airport.
[信息提取] 不定式作目的状语
[例句仿写] 爸爸努力工作为了养活我们这个家。
Father works hard ________ ________the family.3．For many years, people have been wondering why they refuse to change their size.
[信息提取] have been doing 现在完成进行时
[例句仿写] 我已经等她一个小时了，可她还没出现。
I ________ ________ ________ for her for an hour, but she hasn't turned up yet.
【答案】1．No matter what 2．to support 3．have been waiting1．ahead adv.在前面；比……更早；事先
Tim pointed to a tree ahead of them.
蒂姆指着他们前面的一棵树。
Can you tell me ahead of time if you are coming?
如果你要来，能不能事先告诉我？【完成句子】
我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。
I finished the work several days _________.
【答案】ahead of the deadline2．harmful adj.有害的
I am afraid your car is in the way.
我恐怕你的汽车挡着路了。be harmful to 对……有害
harmless adj.无害的；不危险的
harm n．&v.危害；对……有害处
do harm to sb＝do sb harm 对……有害
do more harm than good 弊大于利【归纳拓展】【完成句子】
(1)大量抽烟会危害身体健康。
Smoking a lot will ________ ________ ________ health.
(2)他们给他的治疗利大于弊。
The treatment they gave him did ________ ________ than ________.
【答案】(1)be harmful to/do harm to (2)more harm; good3．interrupt v．打断(某人的)讲话；中断(某人的)行动；打扰
She began to explain but I interrupted her.
她开始解释，但我打断了她。
My studies were interrupted by the war.
我的学业由于战争而暂时中断了。interruption n．妨碍；中断
without interruption 不间断地；无中断地【归纳拓展】用interrupt 的正确形式填空
(1)Will you stop____________ me when I'm talking?
(2)She has kept up physical training for several years without __________.
(3)When __________by a boy, the lecturer got a bit angry.
【答案】(1)interrupting (2)interruption (3)interrupted4．protection n．保护；防卫(不可数)；保护物(可数)
Helen's thin coat gave little protection against the cold.
海伦单薄的外衣几乎不能御寒。
Shoes are a protection for the feet.
鞋对脚是一个保护。under the protection of… 在……的保护下
protect v．保护；保卫
protect sb/sth from/against… 保护……使不受……【归纳拓展】【语法填空】
(1)Use an umbrella to protect yourself ________ the rain.
(2)We should raise people's awareness of environmental ________.
【答案】(1)from/against (2)protection1．go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
(1)可以；往下说；干吧；开始吧 (用于祈使句)
—I wonder, Mr Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.
——亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题？
—Not at all. Go right ahead.
——不介意，请问吧。(2)进行，发生
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。
(3)走到……的前面，先走
You go ahead and tell him that we're coming.
你先走一步，告诉他我们就来了。go by 经过；时间的流逝
go after 追赶；追踪
go against 违背
go back 回去；追溯到
be ahead of times 在时代的前列
ahead of 在……之前；胜过；超过【归纳拓展】用go相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)If you________ nature, you will be punished.
(2)I had such fun that time seemed to ________ so quickly.
(3)To be honest，I hope you ________ with the story.
【答案】(1)go against (2)go by (3)go ahead 2．even though＝even if即使；虽然
I will have a try even though I fail.
哪怕失败，我也要试一下。【单项选择】
—Look at those clouds!
—Don't worry.________it rains, we'll still have a great time.
A．Even if B．As though
C．In case D．If only
【答案】A 考查状语从句连接词。even if 即便；as though似乎；in case 以防；if only要是……多好。1．(课文重现)No matter what the government says，it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.
无论政府说什么，很明显机场也将会影响我们的健康。【句式分析】
“No matter what the government says”为让步状语从句，其中what又作says的宾语；it为形式主语，真正的主语为“that the airport will also affect our health”。whatever与no matter what用法的异同点如下：
(1)whatever可引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，在句中充当主语、宾语等。
(2)no matter what只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以用whatever替换。【归纳拓展】One should stick to whatever he has begun.
一个人应该坚持他已经开始做的事情。
Whatever you do，you should try your best.
无论做什么事，你都应尽自己最大的努力。
You have to go on，no matter what difficulties you meet.
无论遇到什么困难，你都必须继续下去。
No matter what happens，you must be calm.
无论发生什么事，你都必须镇定。【单项选择】
The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain.
A．wherever B．however
C．whatever D．whichever
【答案】C 考查连词。介词for后跟的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项。
2．(课文重现)We should do everything we can to stop this airport.
我们应该做我们能够做的一切来阻止这个机场。【句式分析】
主句的宾语为everything，而everything后面又被一个由that引导的定语从句所修饰。因为关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，所以引导词that可以省略。不定式“to stop this airport”在句中作目的状语。
该句可转换为：We should do what we can to stop this airport。本句中what引导宾语从句，同时，what又在其引导的从句中作can(do)的宾语；不定式短语“to stop this airport”用作目的状语。【单项选择】
Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ________ to the new students.
A．speaking B．having spoken
C．to speak D．to have spoken
【答案】C 考查非谓语动词。不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，故选C。Unit 11 The Media
(本栏目对应学生用书P89)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分35分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Common Sense Media is a non profit group in the United States that studies children's use of media and technology.The group has done a survey asking teachers about the effects of their students' use of entertainment media.
Entertainment media was defined as the TV shows, music, video games that students use for fun.Many teachers said they believe media use has hurt academic performance, which in some cases is already not very strong.Vicky Rideout wrote the report for Common Sense Media.“We have merely four in ten students feel poor at reading, at oral communication and more than that thing the students wrongly fear report writing.So we need to make sure that everything kids are doing is helping to accelerate progress and not preventing it.”
The survey involved 685 teachers around the country.71% of the teachers said they believe entertainment media has reduced students' ability to pay attention in class.And almost 60% said it has hurt their writing skills.Many teachers thought it has negatively affected students' ideas about boys and girls' relationship.Many also thought it encourages aggression and anti social behavior.Teachers who describe themselves as uncomfortable with new technologies were more likely than other teachers to see destructive effects of media use on social development.
But not all effects of media use were seen as bad.Almost two thirds of teachers said it also helps the students' ability to find information quickly and efficiently.And one third said using entertainment media has helped their students to multitask (同时执行多项任务) effectively.Only 25% said it just has hurt them.Teachers who consider themselves as techsavvy (科技通) were more likely than others to see an advantage to students' creativity from the use of entertainment media.Vicky Rideout said teachers accept that the way students spend their time and how they like to learn has changed.
1．Vicky Rideout holds the view that entertainment media ________.
A．declines students' grades badly
B．influences students' performance
C．accelerates learning progress
D．makes all students poor at writing
2．Teachers who describe themselves as technology knowers were more likely than others to ________.
A．see negative effects of media use
B．make students aggressive
C．teach students the use of media
D．see the benefit of media use
3．It can be inferred from the passage that entertainment media ________.
A．only affects students negatively
B．may be beneficial to parents
C．is a double edged sword
D．will guide public opinions
【答案及解析】
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。美国的Common Sense Media通过询问老师来调查学生在使用娱乐传媒方面的影响，老师们对娱乐传媒的作用褒贬不一。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中Vicky Rideout所说的话可知，她认为娱乐传媒影响了学生的在校表现，故B项正确。
2．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，这些老师看到的是娱乐传媒的使用给学生带来的好处，故D项正确。
3．C 推理判断题。文章第二、三段讲述娱乐传媒给学生造成的不利影响，最后一段谈到了娱乐传媒的益处，可见娱乐传媒是把双刃剑，故C项正确。
B
The consumer always has had to be clever，but with the economy worse and worse，the stakes(赌注)have been raised.The sharks are out there attracting us in，desperate for our money.You can't believe everything you read，even in a newspaper.
I just saw an airline ad for holiday travel，promising me in VERY LARGE type that I could go almost anywhere for $199.Then，when I looked a little closer，there was a star that referred me to the tiny type at the bottom of the page that the $199 was a one-way fare.But I couldn't make a one-way trip.I had to buy a round-trip ticket.
I don't have a clue why they didn't just say the roundtrip ticket was $398.In fact，I think it's a much more powerful selling point.For just under $400 you're able to return home from a holiday.Who in their right mind would want a one-way ticket?
But perhaps the cruelest marketing trick done on us is the “calories per serving(一份食物的热量)” on food packaging.For years，I lived happily with the belief that each package was a serving.I didn't realize that each box or bag had a number of servings in it.So I ate.Who ever believed a whole bag of potato chips could have only 150 calories？Me.And yes，I'm a fool.
But once I learned the trick that had been played on me，I became bored.I would multiply the number of servings in the bag with the calories per serving，quickly realizing millions of calories were hiding in those containers.
I finally calmed myself down and now don't even look at the calories per serving.It makes life easier.That's why my recent purchase of the first box of holiday eggnog(蛋奶酒) was such a pleasure.Santa can count the servings.I'll drink till I sleep.If only that mattress(床垫) were on sale.
( )4.Consumers always have had to be clever because ________.
A．most people are lacking money
B．newspapers always tell false stories
C．there are many attractive salesmen around
D．they are easily cheated by ads or something
( )5.In the author's opinion，the price of $199 was ________.
A．too high to accept
B．reasonable to pay
C．equal to $400 in reality
D．not practical at all
( )6.Why does the author think of himself as a fool?
A．He ate a lot of food poor in calories.
B．He believed potato chips were healthy food.
C．He thought each serving had few calories.
D．He mistook calories of per serving for each bag's.
( )7.What's the main idea of the text?
A．Goods on sale are usually bad.
B．Ads today are hard to understand.
C．Buyers should beware of marketing tricks.
D．Forgetting the calories makes life easier.
【解题导语】本文通过举例告诉我们：不要被商家的虚假信息所迷惑。
4．D 细节理解题。由第一段可知，随着经济的萧条，消费者买东西要更加小心，因为到处都充斥着虚假信息，消费者很容易受骗。
5．D 推理判断题。由第二段可知，作者认为199美元只是单程票的费用，而顾客所需要的一般是双程票，因此，此项优惠并不实用。
6．D 细节理解题。作者长时间以来认为一份食物所含的热量就是一包食物所含的热量，殊不知，一包食物并不只是一份食物的量，因此作者认为自己是个傻子。
7．C 主旨大意题。作者通过举例告诉读者：不要被商家的虚假信息迷惑。
C
My daughter turned to me the other day—after watching 30 minutes of television—and said，“Mommy，can you please get me some chocolate milk？” I realized my_perfect_little_advertising_parrot needed some advertising education.
Yes，advertising dollars pay for programmes and websites，and support sports teams and even charitable causes(慈善事业)，but that doesn't mean we should take every piece of advertising we see.As adults，this seems obvious，but our kids need to learn it.
The first step in helping kids understand advertising is to ask them a very simple question when they see an ad for something they want: is that something you really need？Indeed，my daughter needs food，and milk is a food I would say that she needs，but does it have to be chocolate milk？Of course not.Would it be fun to have chocolate milk every once in a while？Sure.And the conversation continues from here.
We talk about how advertising can let us know about products that are really great，and some that really aren't.We need to be careful and really think about what each ad is selling us and how it's doing that.Some products are what we don't “need” in the strictest sense，but they might make life easier or more enjoyable.In that case we have to weigh the benefits against the costs.
I remember having similar conversations with my sons.As my sons have grown older，they have pretty well understood what advertising is for and can enjoy advertising as an art form in itself.
Teaching kids about the whys and hows of advertising is an early step in raising a canny consumer(精明的消费者)．I'll never be able to completely prevent the kids from seeing advertisements，but at least I can help them understand what they are seeing.
( )8.The underlined part “my perfect little advertising parrot” probably refers to ________.
A．a kind of chocolate milk
B．the author's daughter
C．a TV programme for children
D．the author's pet
( )9.In Paragraph 2，the author aims to show ________.
A．the need to give kids advertising education
B．the harmful effects advertising brings to kids
C．how kids are influenced by advertisements
D．why most kids like to watch TV programmes
( )10.According to the author，parents should let their kids know ________.
A．most advertisements are cheating customers
B．not all the advertised products are worth buying
C．it is bad to watch too many advertisements
D．communication helps build good family
relationships
【答案与解析】
8．B 词义猜测题。上文说女儿看了广告后要妈妈给她买些“chocolate milk”，后面作者意识到“my perfect little advertising parrot”需要一些关于广告方面的教育，由此推断出画线部分表示的是作者的女儿。
9．A 目的意图题。承接上文可知该段作者重点说明为女儿进行一些“advertising education”的必要性。
10．B 细节理解题。根据第二段，特别是“…but that doesn't mean we should take every piece of advertising we see.As adults，this seems obvious，but our kids need to learn it.”可知答案。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How could we live without the Internet？That's how most of us keep in touch with friends，find homework support，research cool place to visit，or find out the latest news.__11__but when you're surfing the Internet，you need to stay safe.
No Talking to Strangers
Since you were a little kid，your parents have probably told you not to talk to stranger.__12__ It's easy to meet a stranger on the Internet.You might visit a chat room or get an email or a text message from someone you don't know.
It can be fun to make new friends，but do not communicate with strangers you meet online.__13__ Children have been tricked online by people who pretend to be someone that they're not.Some children have found themselves in a dangerous situation when they agreed to meet the mysterious(神秘的) online “friend” in person.
__14__ The email could be from a person or a company trying to sell you something.A grown-up should decide what's best to do，which may include changing your email address or telling the police.
Keep Your Privacy(隐私)
Anybody who uses the Internet has been asked to sign in，log in，or create a personal profile(简介)．Kids need to check with a parent or grown-up before doing so.Why？__15__.
Another way to keep your privacy is to choose a screen name or email account name that isn't your real name.
A．You can do all these things online.
B．The same goes for the online world.
C．Let your parents know if a stranger emails you.
D．This information could be used for reasons you wouldn't like.
E．Don't ask the strangers too many questions for information.
F．Think carefully before you create an email address or screen name.
G．Don't talk to them，agree to phone them，or email them your photos.
【解题导语】文章介绍因特网给我们带来的方便，同时说明了因特网也不是安全的，比如个人隐私信息容易被泄露，因此上网时要注意安全。
11．A 根据空格上文“That's how most of us keep in touch with friends，find homework support，research cool place to visit，or find out the latest news.”可知，我们大部分人通过网络与朋友保持联系，网络帮助我们解答作业疑难，通过网络寻找旅游的好地方，查找最新新闻。因此推断你可以在网络上做各种事情，故选A。
12．B 空格上文阐述因为你是小孩，父母会告诉你不要和陌生人说话，空格下文讲述在网上也很容易认识陌生人，因此推断B项“网络世界也一样”符合语境，起承上启下的作用。
13．G 根据空格上文“It can be fun to make new friends，but do not communicate with strangers you meet online.”可知，结交新朋友是有趣的，但是不要与网上认识的陌生人交流，G项“不要与他们交谈，同意给他们打电话，或者发电子邮件给他们你的照片”符合语境。
14．C 根据空格下文“A grown-up should decide what's best to do，which may include changing your email address or telling the police.”可知，成年人应该知道做什么是最好的，包括修改你的电子邮件地址或者报警，因此推断C项“让你的父母知道是否陌生人给你发邮件”符合语境。
15．D 空格上文阐述使用网络的人被要求注册、登录或者填写个人简介，做这些之前孩子们必须和父母或者成年人核准。由空格前的“Why？”推断，空格处是做这些的理由，故D项“这些信心可能会被用作你不喜欢的目的”符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A jobless man applied for the position of “office boy” at Microsoft.The HR manager__16__him，then watched him cleaning the floor as a__17__.
“You are__18__，”he said.“Give me your e-mail address__19__I'll send you the application to__20__，as well as the date when you may start.”
The man replied，“But I don' t have a computer，neither an email.”
“I'm sorry，”said the HR manager.“__21__you don't have an email，that__22__you do not exist.And anyone who doesn't exist cannot have the job.”
The man left the office，__23__.He didn't know what to do，with only $10 in his pocket.He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy a 10 kg tomato crate(柳条箱)．He then sold the tomatoes in a door-to-door round.In less than two hours，he__24__doubling his capital.He__25__the operation three times，and returned home with $60.The man realized that he can__26__in this way，and started to go earlier every day，and return late.__27__，his money doubled or tripled(增至三倍) every day.__28__，he bought a cart，then a truck，and then he had his own fleet(车队) of delivery vehicles.Five years later，the man is one of the__29__food retailers(零售商) in the US.
He started to plan his family's__30__，and decided to have a life insurance.He called an insurance broker(经纪人)，and chose a protection plan.When the conversation was__31__，the broker asked him his email.The man replied，“I don't have an e-mail.”The broker said__32__，“You don't have an e-mail，and yet have succeeded in building an empire.Can you__33__what you__34__have been if you had an e-mail？”
The man thought for a while and replied，“Yes，I'd be a(n)__35__at Microsoft！”
( )16.A.introduced B．interviewed
C．examined D．invited
( )17.A.game B．test
C．favour D．reward
( )18.A.employed B．received
C．fired D．checked
( )19.A.or B．so
C．and D．but
( )20.A.put up B．make up
C．take in D．fill in
( )21.A.If B．Although
C．Though D．Even though
( )22.A.means B．suggests
C．reminds D．explains
( )23.A.excited B．frustrated
C．amazed D．satisfied
( )24.A.tried B．attempted
C．succeeded D．failed
( )25.A.realized B．contacted
C．reviewed D．repeated
( )26.A.contribute B．donate
C．survive D．react
( )27.A.Instead B．Otherwise
C．Thus D．But
( )28.A.Shortly B．Regularly
C．Occasionally D．Naturally
( )29.A.fastest B．biggest
C．oldest D．highest
( )30.A.health B．fortune
C．success D．future
( )31.A.interrupted B．recovered
C．continued D．concluded
( )32.A.curiously B．happily
C．nervously D．patiently
( )33.A.believe B．imagine
C．predict D．indicate
( )34.A.could B．should
C．must D．need
( )35.A.manager B．boss
C．office boy D．political leader
【解题导语】本文讲述了在微软面试的一个男孩，因为没有邮箱而落聘。之后，他通过反复贩卖番茄的方式而逐渐积累财富，并最终成为美国最大的零售商之一。
16．B 由前文没有工作的人申请职位可知，此处是指人事经理对他进行面试。
17．B cleaning the door 是进行面试的方式。as a test 意为“作为考试”。
18．A 后文的“Give me your e-mail address __24__ I'll send you the application to __25__，as well as the date when you may start”告诉读者，他被雇用了。
19．C and是连词，表示顺承关系。句意：给我你的邮箱地址，然后我会寄给你申请表。
20．D 申请表当然是用来填(fill in)的。put up “搭建，张贴”；make up “组成，编造”；take in “欺骗，吸收”，都与短文意思不符。
21．A 句意：如果你没有邮箱，这就意味着你不存在。任何不存在的人都不能得到这份工作。
22．A 根据句意，suggest，remind，explain都不符合文意，故只能选A项，mean“意味着”。
23．B 因为没有得到工作，所以他的心情应该是沮丧的。
24．C succeed (in) doing sth.“成功做成某事”。句意：在不到两个小时的时间里，他成功地将他的资本翻番。
25．D 由后文的“…and returned home with $60”可知，此处是指他三次重复相同的行为。
26．C 此处是指可以用这种方式赚钱养活自己，所以用 survive，表示“存活下来”。
27．C 前文和后文是因果关系，故用thus，“因此”。
28．A 由后文可知，他变得越来越富裕，所以此处是指不久以后。
29．B 根据后文来看，他变得非常成功，所以此处应是最大的零售商之一。
30．D 后文告诉我们“…and decided to have a life insurance”，所以此处应是计划家庭的未来。
31．D 句意：当谈话结束的时候，这位经纪人询问他的邮箱。
32．A 此处是指经纪人很惊讶，四个选项中只有curiously能够表达出这一层含义。
33．B 句意：您没有邮箱还能成功地建立自己的王国。你能想象如果有邮箱您会干什么吗？
34．A 见38题，根据句意我们可以选出答案。
35．C 本题回归了文章的第一段。由“A jobless man applied for the position of ‘office boy’ at Microsoft”可知，因为他没有邮箱而没能得到微软的office boy 的工作。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most Americans don't like to get advice from members of their family.They get advice from “strangers”．When they need advice，they don't 36.________ (usual) go to people they know.Instead，many of 37.________ (they) write letters to newspapers and magazines 38.________ give advice on many different subjects，39.________(include) family problems，the use of language，health，cooking，child care，clothes，and even 40.________ how to buy a house or a car.
Most newspapers regularly print letters from 41.________(read) with problems.Along with the letters are answers 42.________(write) by people who are supposed 43.________(know) how to solve such problems.Some of these writers are doctors，and others are lawyers or educators. 44.________ two of the most famous writers of advice 45.________(be) women without special training for this kind of work.
【解题导语】美国有这样一种社会现象：大部分人在遇到困难后，并不是向家人寻求帮助和建议，而是求助于陌生人。因此很多报纸和杂志就会经常刊登读者求助来信和一些专家的回信，给出建议。
36．usually 副词修饰动词，故答案为usually。
37．them 句意：他们中的很多人给报纸和杂志写信。根据句意可知答案为them。
38．that/which 此处“newspapers and magazines”是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，指物，故答案为that/which。
39．including 句意：……关于家庭问题，语言使用……甚至关于怎样买房子或汽车。根据句意可知答案为including。
40．on 句意：甚至关于怎样买房子或汽车。on how to do sth.故答案为on。
41．readers 句意：大多数报纸定期打印来自读者有问题的信件。用名词的复数形式，故答案为readers。
42．written 此处是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为written。
43．to know be supposed to do sth.“本应该做某事”，故答案为to know。
44．But 句意：这些作者当中有一些是医生，另一些是律师或教育工作者。但是最著名的咨询作者中有两位是没有经过这种工作的专门训练的女性。前后表示转折，故答案为But。
45．are 句意：但是最著名的咨询作者中有两位是没有经过这种工作的专门训练的女性。句子用一般现在时态，主语是two of…，是复数形式，故答案为are。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Arthur 感冒已有一周，请你用英文给他写封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 询问病情；
2. 就健康的生活方式给出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】
One possible version：
Dear Arthur，
Sorry to hear that you've been sick for a week. Are you better now？ Are you keeping a balanced diet？ It will do you good to have more fresh fruit and vegetables and less fat and sugar. Besides， taking exercise a bit will also help. Jogging and walking are among the choices. In addition， don't stay up too late. A regular schedule is strongly recommended. Remember， enough sleep and rest makes one healthy and smart.
I do hope you'll get well soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One day， my brother and I were in our apartment. My parents had both gone for a party and had left me in charge of everything. I was doing my homework while my younger brother was watching TV. All of a sudden， the doorbell rang. Ding－dong！ Ding－dong！ My younger brother had rushed to the door before I decided to answer the door. We both thought that our parents had come home. As a result， he unlocked the door and opened it.
Outside of the house stood a man who wore a black raincoat and black rubber roots. He looked no different from other people and said that he was a salesman and asked politely if our mother or father was at home so he could talk with them.
Without thinking， my brother said， “No，” He asked if we would like to buy some comic books(漫画书)， which he was selling. I quickly explained to him that we were not supposed to buy anything without our parents' permission. However， it seemed that he was not willing to follow my advice and he had an intention to enter our house.
Then， I realized something terrible would happen. As I was about to close the door， he forced his way into our house. He forced me to tie up my brother's hands with the rope which he took out from his pocket. I tied up his hands but tied it in a special way so my brother could untie(解开) it himself as we often did. The man then tied my hands and locked both of us in the kitchen.
Soon， he went upstairs to search the bedroom for something valuable. I managed to teach my brother to untie the rope on his hands. He then untied it for me. I rushed to the telephone to call the police， but the line was dead.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The doors were all locked from the outside and what's more， I didn't have the keys.
Paragraph 2：
Just at the same time our parents came back home.
【答案】
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
The doors were all locked from the outside and what's more， I didn't have the keys. But， luckily， the man forgot to lock the window of the kitchen. Both my brother and I managed to get out of the house through the window and we ran to the nearby police station and asked them for help. The police arrived at our house as soon as possible. And as a result， the man was caught.
Paragraph 2：
Just at the same time our parents came back home. The police asked my family to go to the police station. At the police station the police told us that the man was a wanted robber， who pretended to sell comic books and they had been looking for him for a long time. The police praised my brother and me for our bravery. After we went back home， I told my parents the whole story. They were thankful that we didn't get hurt but they scolded me for not stopping my brother from opening the door to strangers. I learned a lesson on safety and responsibility.
课件9张PPT。Advertising
文前导读：对于“无孔不入”的广告，我们多数人是爱恨交加，但不可否认的是，广告深深地影响着我们生活的方方面面。 “Advertising is a form of commercial mass communication designed to promote the sale of a product or service, or a message on behalf of an institution, an organization, or a candidate for political office.”
Advertising can be looked at from various perspectives (角度). As the quote above states, its purpose is to increase the number of articles or products sold. These are not only things we can buy in different stores, for example, clothing or supplies for our daily life, but also such simple things as a message placed by an institution or organization asking for the attention of the public to raise money or to make them aware of a problem, such as anti－smoking ads. Even political parties use advertisements and commercials to state the opinion of their candidates.Advertising became big business in the 20th century, offering many different jobs in advertising agencies and the marketing section. The use of the media, like newspapers, television, the radio, magazines, outdoor signs and of course the Internet makes this growth possible. It is a form of transporting information to the consumer, and it does not only have positive sides. There are many critical aspects about it, like persuading people into doing unhealthy things or producing special stereotypes (模式化的形象) everybody tries to follow. However, advertising has become international, since producers and companies try to sell their products on a globalized market in almost every corner of the world.[佳句仿写]
1．Advertising became big business in the 20th century, offering many different jobs in advertising agencies and the marketing section.
仿写：Sarah假装开心，对那次争论什么也没说。
Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _________.
【答案】saying nothing about the argument
2．As the quote above states, its purpose is to increase the number of articles or products sold.
仿写：正如俗语所说，你应该三思而后行。
_____________________, you have to look before you leap.
【答案】As the saying goes3．These are not only things we can buy in different stores, but also…
仿写：杰克不仅是个好学生，而且还是一名篮球队员。
Jack is not only ______________________.
【答案】a good student but also a basketball player
