Unit 21 Period One
Ⅰ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We all may run a marathon.For most of us, a single marathon would be a challenge — but for Tim Borland, it’s just __1__.
Borland, a 31-year-old personal trainer, __2__ completed an athletic challenge: 63 marathons in 63 days.But Borland wasn’t __3__ to this by the spirit of competition.He didn’t care about winning the races — his only __4__ was to raise money for children who get A-T, a rare children’s disease.
Years ago, Borland’s meeting __5__ Cathryn Achilles, a girl who got the disease, __6__ his life.“She taught me what we should do in this world, and how to appreciate and be __7__ for all that we have.” __8__ by Achilles, he decided to help children with the disease by doing what he did best: running.
As a personal trainer, Borland has always been an enthusiastic runner and athlete.__9__ a 63-day run would require more endurance(耐力) than usual.To __10__ himself, he increased his daily runs from 15 to 30 miles a day five days a week.All the __11__ later proved to be __12__ when he began running.“The run was very __13__ at the very beginning，” says Borland.“But gradually I began to feel much easier.”
Borland began his __14__ on Labor Day, travelling across the country, and __15__ in November.He ran more than 1,650 miles in 26 states.And his great __16__ have raised $2 million.However, Borland won’t take all the credit for it.He received a lot of __17__ along the way.And the biggest inspiration(鼓舞) __18__ the children themselves.In many cities, children with A-T would __19__ in their wheelchairs while Borland ran.
“Each run with kids with A-T was a life-changing __20__，” says Borland.“Each one will stay with me forever.”
( )1.A．different B．terrific
C．special D．ordinary
( )2.A．hardly B．recently
C．soon D．then
( )3.A．driven B．given
C．used D．awarded
( )4.A．support B．choice
C．chance D．concern
( )5.A．with B．at
C．up D．toward
( )6.A．enjoyed B．risked
C．changed D．managed
( )7.A．anxious B．thankful
C．ready D．eager
( )8.A．Admired B．Permitted
C．Respected D．Inspired
( )9.A．But B．Therefore
C．And D．Or
( )10.A．behave B．prepare
C．encourage D．protect
( )11.A．treatment B．information
C．training D．advice
( )12.A．wrong B．difficult
C．attractive D．useful
( )13.A．hard B．smooth
C．slow D．exciting
( )14.A．education B．journey
C．writing D．lesson
( )15.A．appeared B．failed
C．organised D．finished
( )16.A．efforts B．demands
C．stresses D．performances
( )17.A．help B．opinions
C．attention D．calls
( )18.A．dated from B．related to
C．devoted to D．came from
( )19.A．ride B．settle
C．circle D．sit
( )20.A．movement B．decision
C．moment D．experience
【解题导语】本文讲述了莘姆·宝兰为患A-T疾病的儿童筹款，在63天跑了63次马拉松。
1．D 根据“For most of us, a single marathon would be a challenge — but for Tim Borland, it’s just __1__.”以及下文“63 marathons in 63 days.”可知，“对于我们来说一次马拉松可能是个挑战，但是对于蒂姆·宝兰来说，它却很平常，他在63天跑了63次”，因此选D项。
2．B “31岁的蒂姆·宝兰最近完成了一个挑战”。recently“最近”，符合题意。
3．A 根据下文“… his only __4__ was to raise money for children who get A-T, a rare children’s disease.”可知，“蒂姆这么做并不是受比赛精神的驱使”。drive“驱使”，符合题意。
4．D 根据空格前面的“He didn’t care about winning the races …”可知，“他并不关心比赛的输赢，他所’关心’的是为患A-T疾病的儿童筹款”，由care about可知此空填concern。
5．A “数年前，他和卡思琳·阿基里斯的相遇……”。“和……相遇”用介词with。
6．C 根据下文“She taught me what we should do in this world, and how to appreciate and be …”可知，“和卡思琳·阿基里斯的相遇改变了他的生活”。
7．B 根据appreciate可知此空应为thankful。be thankful for…“对……感激”。
8．D “被卡思琳·阿基里斯激励，他决定为患病的孩子做件事”。
9．A “尽管作为一名私人教练，他也是一位长跑爱好者和运动员，但是63天的长跑需要更大的忍耐力”。前后两句为转折关系，因此用but。
10．B “为了做好准备，他把一周五天的训练由每天的15英里增加到30英里”。prepare“准备”。
11．C 根据上文“… increased his daily runs from 15 to 30 miles a day five days a week.”可知，这些都是蒂姆的训练。
12．D 根据下文可知，所有的训练被证明都是“有用的”。
13．A 根据下文“But gradually I began to feel much easier.”可知，“一开始时，长跑是很困难的。”
14．B “他在五一劳动节开始他的旅程。”
15．D 根据上句他在五一劳动节开始他的旅程及下句他跑过26个州1650英里可知，此处指他在11月“结束”。
16．A “通过他的努力，他筹了二百万美元”。effort“努力”，符合题意。demand“要求”；stress“压力”；performance“表演”。
17．A “他得到了很多帮助”。
18．D “而最大的鼓励是来自孩子们本身”。come from“来自”。
19．A “孩子们给了蒂姆最大的鼓励。当蒂姆在跑时，他们也在’跑’”。根据下文“Each run with kids with A-T was a life-changing __20__…”也可得出此空为ride。
20．D 对于蒂姆来说，“每一次和患病孩子一起跑都是改变生命的一次经历”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
One minute, Renata Glasner is watching the waves crash on Leblon beach from her wheelchair.The next, she’s riding the waves on a specially adapted surfboard.
Glasner, a 35-year-old graphic designer, was found to have the disease of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化) four years ago.She is one of dozens of disabled people being assisted by AdaptSurf, a Rio-based non-governmental organization that aims to make beaches accessible to the disabled and encourage them to practice water sports.Men and women with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, people missing a limb(肢体), the blind, the deaf and even the paralyzed(瘫痪的) all hit the waves here.
“The taste of salt water has no price，” said Glasner, who began to lose control over her legs shortly after the birth of her first child and now requires a helper to move her from her wheelchair onto the surfboard.“After you’re diagnosed with a disease like mine, you can’t even imagine you’re ever again going to experience that taste.”
AdaptSurf was started in 2007, 10 years after a robbery left co-founder Henrique Saraiva partially paralyzed.The 18-year-old Saraiva had been cycling near his home in a nice Rio neighborhood when he was shot by passing thieves.
Saraiva eventually traded his wheelchair for the crutches(拐杖) that he still uses to get around.But Saraiva says that surfing is the only time he can really forget about his disability.“It’s the one place where I can feel like I’m just like everybody else.”
In Brazil the beach is a center stage for social life.It’s where families reunite, friendships are made, couples come together and deals are struck.“Imagine, you’re in a country that’s surrounded by beaches, where the beach is an almost mystical(神秘的) place.But when you’re confined to a wheelchair, you sit there sweating under the sun and watching everyone play in the water，” said Saraiva.
Several dozen disabled people attend AdaptSurf, taking hours-long bus rides to be there every weekend.The group has even had people come from as far as the capital, Brasilia, some 725 miles (1,170 kilometers) away.AdaptSurf meets every Saturday and Sunday of the year, weather permitting.
( )1.The main purpose of AdaptSurf is to ________.
A．improve its members’ surfing skills
B．enable disabled people to enjoy water sports
C．research adapted surfboards
D．find practical cures for disabled and paralyzed people
( )2.By saying “The taste of salt water has no price”， Glasner suggests that ________.
A．it took her a long time to get used to the sea water
B．surfing skills are difficult for disabled people to develop
C．surfing is a cheap sport for disabled people like her
D．she really treasures the opportunity to surf again
( )3.We can conclude from the article that members of AdaptSurf ________.
A．have to help themselves onto their surfboards
B．mostly live in a Rio neighborhood by the beach
C．are required to meet every weekend throughout the year
D．feel they’ve gotten past their disabilities when they’re on their surfboards
( )4.We can learn from the article that Henrique Saraiva ________.
A．lost his legs fighting with robbers
B．wants to help other people who are like him
C．used to be a huge fan of cycling
D．rarely feels that he is different from others
【解题导语】本文主要讲了专为残疾人创立的可以让他们享受海上冲浪的组织AdaptSurf。
1．B 细节理解题。由第二段“aims to make beaches accessible to the disabled and encourage them to practice water sports”可知答案是B。
2．D 句意理解题。这里的“have no price”意思是priceless。对于残疾人来说，能够像正常人一样去冲浪，尝到海水的咸味，当然是一件十分开心的事。
3．D 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“surfing is the only time he can really forget about his disability.’It’s the one place where I can feel like I’m just like everybody else.’”可知，坐上冲浪板可以让AdaptSurf的成员们暂时忘却自己身体上的残疾。
4．B 推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句可知，Saraiva是AdaptSurf的创办人之一，他创办这个组织的目的是帮助更多的残疾人。故选B。
Ⅲ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cycling is a good form of sports, here are some lips on how to do it safely and comfortably.
__1__.Pushing with the wrong part of the foot can raise your risk of developing a painful injury of the heel, says Rob Werstine, a sports physiotherapist(理疗师)and board member of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association.You should push with the ball of your foot, he says.
Put on clothes.While it’s warm, wear layers of clothing, with clothing close to the body that breathes and cuter layers that do not absorb water.__2__.
Be reasonable.__3__， don’t sign up for a 50-kilometre ride.And while cycling is great exercise for people who want to get into shape, if your doctor advises you not to do tiring exercise, cycling shouldn’t be your starting position.Werstine says.Walk to begin getting into shape and then graduate to cycling.
Fix the fit.If you develop lower back pain or numbness in your hands and fingers from cycling, it could because your bike isn’t adjusted properly for your height.__4__， but if you have continuing problems, consider consulting a bike fit physiotherapist, Werstine says.
Be mindful.You have to pay attention on the roads to vehicles, other cyclists and pedestrians.__5__.Or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations, bicycle safe.com, for instance, listing 10 types of car-bike accidents and how to avoid them.
A．Watch your feet
B．Ask experts for help
C．Stop there and let others pass by first
D．Go for bright colors that help you be seen
E．If you are just starting out and aren’t in good shape
F．Consider taking a cycling safety course to practise your skills
G．A good cycle shop can help you find the right height for the seal
【解题导语】文章介绍春天里面虽然经常骑车，但是如果不当，会对身体造成危害，文章介绍骑车要注意的安全事项。
1．A 本空位于句首，是一个小标题。根据下句：用脚的错误部位推动会增加脚后跟受伤的风险。可知要关注你的脚。故选A。
2．D 根据上句：尽管天气暖和，穿上几层衣服，衣服紧贴呼吸的身体，和不吸水的可爱层。因为本文讲的是骑自行车运动，为了安全，可知要寻找有助于你被看见的明亮的颜色。故选D。
3．E 根据本句结构 “__3__， don’t sign up for a 50-kilometre ride.”中间是逗号，后面是一个否定祈使句，所以前半句最有可能是状语从句或非谓语动词形式，只有E项是正确的。
4．G 根据空格结构： “__4__ , but if you have continuing problems, consider consulting a bike fit physiotherapist”，此处but表示转折，根据but后面的内容，如果你有持续性的问题，考虑咨询自行车合适的物理治疗。由此可知but前的意思是：如果你刚起步，身体状况不好。故选G。
5．F 根据上句：你要注意道路上的车辆，其他骑自行车的人和路人。再根据空格下句：或是寻找骑车安全信息的网站。or，是关键词，所以“要想避免危险，可以上骑车的课程，或是寻找骑车安全信息的网站。”故选F。
课件83张PPT。Period One Warm－up & Lesson 1Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________n．the period of time between two events，activities etc
2．________vi.to go around in a fixed path coming back to a starting－point
3．________vt.to break up food in the stomachinterval circulate digest 4．________n．a substance found naturally in the earth and mine
5．________vi.to exchange one thing for another
6．________adj.the highest，greatest or most powerful
7．________vt.to use wrongly，usually with harmful results
8．________vt.to bear，to put up with
9．_____________adj.essential；basicmineral swap supreme abuse tolerate fundamental 10．________adj.feeling doubt，uncertain
11．______vt.to try to find，get or achieve
12．________adj.happening every year
13．____________adj.which must be done or carried out
14．________vt.to resist or fight against sth by force or argument
15．___________vt.to say the opposite of sbdoubtful seek annual compulsory oppose contradict Ⅱ.短语天地
1．年复一年________________
2．减速________________
3．偶然碰到________________
4．随便地；随意地________________
5．徒劳；白费力气________________year after year slow down come across at random in vain 6．seek to do sth________________
7．at all costs________________________
8．track and field________________
9．abuse one's trust________________
10．break the record________________试图做某事 不惜一切代价；无论如何 田径运动 背信弃义 打破纪录 Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．Many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records if they had taken part in the first Olympic Games.
[信息提取] 本句为一个与过去事实相反的if条件句虚拟语气
[例句仿写] 昨天如果你来的话，你就会见到她的。
Yesterday if you _____，you __________.2．…although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.
[信息提取] although引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用
[例句仿写] 尽管雨下得很大，他还是按时到了。
_________________，he arrived on time.3．…it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.
[信息提取] where 在此引导定语从句
[例句仿写] 在日常生活中，我们经常可以碰到人们不能正确使用英语的情况。
In everyday life，we often come across cases ________________________.4．The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning－has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
[信息提取] the spirit of competition…作the Olympic spirit的同位语
[例句仿写] 王兵，我们的班长，是班里最优秀的学生之一。
Wang Bing，______________，is one of the top students in our class.【答案】1.had come；would have seen her
2．Although it rained hard/heavily
3．where people can't use English properly
4．monitor of our classⅣ.预读理解
1．Fast reading：Read the text quickly and do the true(T) or false(F) exercises.
(1)Taking performance－enhancing drugs is allowed because they can cure diseases.( )
(2)The drugs are developed to help athletes to perform better.( )
(3)Athletes doping in games are considered to have cheated.( )
(4)It's easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs because they perform much better.( )
(5)Drug tests can prevent all cases of using illegal drugs.( )
【答案】(1)F (2)F (3)T (4)F (5)F2．Careful reading：Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)Some sportsmen's predictions were always________.( )
A．right B．wrong
C．simple D．mature(2)What's the drug's legal effect？( )
A．To make the athletes run faster.
B．To make the audience cheer more excitedly.
C．To cure the patients.
D．To make money for the chemists.(3)Ben Johnson________.( )
A．used to be the 100－meter world record holder
B．was taken as a drug－taker
C．will be the 100－meter world record holder
D．will be taken as a drug－taker(4)Which is right？( )
A．Some athletes want to achieve the championship with the help of doping.
B．It is easy to clarify whether an athlete has taken drugs.
C．Doping is the only problem in the track and field.
D．Gene－therapy will benefit the athlete.(5)In the future，________.( )
A．athletes must have their genes changed
B．athletes will finish 100 meters in only 8 seconds
C．athletes will create half an hour in marathon
D．the Olympic spirits will go on
【答案】(1)B (2)C (3)B (4)A (5)D1．interval n．[C]间隔；间歇
At school there is an interval between the third and fourth classes.
学校里第三节和第四节课之间有一段休息时间。
They planted trees in the intervals between the houses.
他们在房子与房子之间种上了树。
【拓展】At intervals she would stop for a rest.
她不时停下来休息。
The trees were planted at 3 feet intervals.
这些树是每隔3英尺栽种一棵的。
【汉译英】
沿路每隔一段距离就有树。
【答案】There are trees at intervals along the road.2．circulate
(1)vi.循环
The disease prevents the blood from circulating freely.
这种疾病阻碍了血液循环的自由畅通。(2)vi.&vt. 散布；扩散；传送；传阅
Rumours about his financial problems began to circulate.
有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。
The document will be circulated to all members.
这份文件将在所有成员中传阅。circulation n. 循环；流通【拓展】【汉译英】
①血液在身体内循环。
②那些传播谣言的人应受责备。
【答案】①Blood circulates in the body.
②Those who circulate rumors are to blame.3．digest vt.消化；领悟；理解
n．摘要；概要；文摘；汇编
【拓展】
digestion n．[U]消化 [C]消化能力
Literary Digest 文学文摘
China Digest 中国文摘
This kind of meat digests easily.
这种肉食容易消化。
I tried to digest this difficult passage，but in vain.
我尽力去理解这篇很难的文章，却白费力气。
You have known it，so you must have read a monthly news digest.
既然你已经知道此事，那么，你肯定读过每个月的新闻摘要了。【用digest的正确形式填空】
①Athletes such as Boris Becker are fans of the fruit because it ________ easily.
②The horse has a strong ________.
【完成句子】
③我领悟了书中大部分要点。
I ________ ________ most of the important points in the book.
【答案】①digests ②digestion ③have digested
I usually swap views with my friends online.
我通常和我的朋友在网上交流意见。
People can swap their rice for wheat in the south.
在南方，人们可以拿大米换小麦。
【用适当的介词填空】
①I wanted to swap seats ________ him，but he made it a condition that I first agreed to swap my new story-book ________ his old pen.
【完成句子】
②I wouldn’t ________ ________ ________ ________(与他交换位置) for anything.
③________ ________ ________ ________(把这件衬衫换成) a bigger one.
【答案】①with；for ②swap places with him ③Swap the shirt for5．abuse
(1)vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
I'm afraid the position is open to abuse.
恐怕这个职位容易使人滥用职权。
Most of the foremen abused the workmen in the foulest languages.
大多数的工头用极其污秽的语言辱骂工人。
(2)n. 滥用；谩骂；弊端
They decided to reform social abuses.
他们决定改革社会陋习。
He burst into a storm of abuse.
他破口大骂。abuse one's power 滥用职权
lcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒
physical abuse身体伤害；身体虐待
child abuse 虐待儿童
social abuse 社会弊端【拓展】【选词填空】 application/using/abuse/ access
①Doctors believed that there was no evidence of ________，though the woman claimed to have been ill－treated.
【完成句子】
②________(身体虐待) and neglect of children is too common.
③They were accused of________(滥用权力) to keep prices artificially high.【答案】①abuse 句意：医生们认为没有虐待的证据，尽管那位妇女声称被虐待。abuse虐待，符合语境。
②Physical abuse ③abusing their power6．tolerate vt. 容忍；忍耐；容许(1)tolerate (doing) sth.容忍(做)某事
(2)tolerance n．宽容；容忍；忍受；耐力
(3)tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的；忍受的
be tolerant of sb./sth.容忍宽容某人某事【拓展】It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance.
它有时会要求读者去忍受各种不快与烦恼。
She refused to tolerate being called a liar.
她拒绝接受被称为撒谎者。
I don’t have much tolerance for people like that.
我对那种人比较没耐心。【用所给动词的正确形式填空】
①I can’t tolerate my son _____(talk) at table.
②Perhaps you need to be more ________ (tolerate) of your neighbours.
③Nobody can tolerate ________________ (cheat)，and that’s why he has no friends.
④________(tolerate) to alcohol decreases with age.
【答案】①talking ②tolerant ③being cheated ④Tolerance7．seek
(1)vt.& vi. 寻找
Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes.
请驾车者另寻其他路线。
We sought an answer to the question，but couldn't find one.
我们寻求这个问题的答案，可是没能找到。(2) vt. 向某人寻求某事
You must seek permission from the manager.
你须请求经理批准。
(3)设法做(某事)；试图
They are seeking to mislead us.
他们竭力误导我们。seek to do sth设法做某事
seek help/advice/information
请求帮助/征求意见/寻求信息
seek after/for寻求；追求；寻找
seek through找遍
seek one's fortune外出找生路；外出寻求发财机会【拓展】【完成句子】
①The orphan was brought up by his uncle.When he was only 14 years old，he left home to________(寻找出路)．
②我认为质疑非常重要，它可以帮助我们找到真理。
I attach great ________ to questioning, which can help us to ________.
【答案】①seek his fortune ②importance; seek truth8．oppose vt.反对
I would oppose changing the law.
我将反对修改这部法规。
When I opposed his plan，he was very angry.
我反对他的计划时，他很生气。oppose后加名词、代词或动名词，但不能跟动词不定式。
be opposed to sth 反对某事
as opposed to (表示对比)而；相对于
oppose doing sth反对做某事
be against 反对【拓展】She seems very much opposed to your going abroad.
她好像很反对你出国。
I am here on business as opposed to a holiday.
我在这里是办公事而不是度假。【完成句子】
①I have no idea that your wife ___________ 反对我到你家)．
②The president _____________(反对给这个国家援助)．
【答案】①was opposed to my coming to your home
②opposed giving aid to the country9．contradict vt. 与……相矛盾；反驳；顶嘴
Young children should never contradict what their parents say.
小孩子绝不可以顶撞父母。
You've just contradicted yourself.
你恰好自相矛盾。contradiction n．反驳，驳斥，否认；矛盾；抵触
contradictory adj. 矛盾的；抵触的
in contradiction to 与……相反；同……矛盾
in contradiction with 与……相抵触【拓展】【单项选择】
Your actions ________ your declared moral principles.
A．contradict B．consist
C．reverse D．control
【答案】A 句意：你的行为与你宣称的道德准则相矛盾。contradict与……相矛盾；consist(由……)组成；reverse颠倒；control控制。1．in vain 徒然；白费力气
I tried in vain to get Sue to come with us.(作状语)
我想带苏一起来，但没办成。
Mary thinks what she did is in vain.(作表语)
玛丽认为她所做的一切都是徒劳的。
【汉译英】
①他尽力地挽救它，但是白费力气。
②我们所有的努力都是毫无结果的。
【答案】①He tried to save it，but in vain.
②All our efforts were in vain.2．at random 随便地；随意地
They shot at random and left by taxi.
他们胡乱射击一番然后乘出租车离开了。
【完成句子】
Don't throw waste paper________(随意地)or you will be punished to be on duty again.
【答案】at random3．at all costs 不管多大代价；无论如何
They will save the boy at all costs.
他们将不惜一切代价来拯救这个男孩。
Her attitude is obvious and she must go there at all costs.
她的态度显而易见，她无论如何都要去那里。at any cost不惜任何代价；无论如何
at the cost of… 以……为代价
at a cost of… 以……的价格
at cost按成本价格【拓展】She saved him from drowning，but only at the cost of her own life.
他溺水时她把他救了，但却牺牲了她自己的生命。【完成句子】
①We are determined to defend our motherland________(不惜任何代价).
②There is no sense developing industry____________(以环境为代价).
【答案】①at all costs ②at the cost of the environment4．make it
(1)事业获得成功
You will make it if you try.
如果你尽力就会成功。
(2)表示约定时间
——When shall we meet again?
——Let's make it any day you like；it's all the same to me.
——我们什么时候再见面？
——约定哪天都行。对于我来说都是一样的。(3)某人做成某事
If you want to make it，get going.
你想做成的话，该动手了。
I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain，but he made it at last.
我原以为他年纪太大上不了山顶，但他最后做到了。make it as… 作为……很成功
make it to… 成功达到【拓展】He's never really made it as an actor.
他当演员从未有所成就。
She's very ambitious，but I doubt she'll ever make it to the top.
她雄心勃勃，但我怀疑他是否能取得成功。【完成句子】
①我在想他们是不是能办得到。
I wonder if they can________ ________.
②但是，一些新产品，像一些软饮料却能够通及世界的每一个村庄。
Some products, like some soft drinks，________ ________ ________every village in the world.
【答案】① make it ②make it to 1．Many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records if they had taken part in the first Olympic Games.
假如许多当代的业余选手参加了第一届奥运会的话，他们有可能打破世界纪录。【句式分析】
这是一个主从复合句。Many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records是主句，if they had taken part in the first Olympic Games是if引导的条件状语从句，表示和过去的事实相反。【完成句子】
①假如我知道你的地址，我早就写信给你了。
If I_______ _______ ________ ________，I would have written to you.
②如果我起得更早一些的话，我就赶上头班车了。
If I had got up earlier，I________ ________ ________the first bus.③如果当时我有点理智的话，我就会对这事保持沉默。
If I'd had any sense，I would________ ________ ________about it.
④如果昨天你参加了晚会，你就会得到他的签名了。
If you_______ _______ _______ _______ yesterday, you would have got his signature. ⑤要不是你的帮助，我们也不会做成这个实验。
________ ________ ________ ________， we couldn't have succeeded in the experiment.
【答案】①had known your address ②would have caught
③have kept quiet ④had attended the party
⑤But for your help2．Taking these drugs is known as“doping”and although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.
众所周知，服用这些药物就是服用“兴奋剂”，尽管兴奋剂有助于提高成绩，但同时也会给那些滥用兴奋剂的运动员招来日后生活中的健康问题。【句式分析】
这是一个含有and的并列复合句。在第一个并列分句Taking these drugs is known as “doping” 中，主语和宾语都是动名词；在第二个并列分句中，although they enhance performance是让步状语从句。they also cause serious health problems in later life for those是主句，who abuse them是定语从句。
注意：although引导让步状语从句时，不能和but连用。
【连词填空】
①I don't believe we've met before，________I must say you do look familiar.
②Frank insisted that he was not asleep ________ I had great difficulty in waking him up.【完成句子】
③虽然他很努力，但他考试没有及格。
_____________，he failed in the exam.
④尽管我反对他的建议，我却佩服他的勇气。
___________，I appreciate his courage.【答案】①although/though 句意：尽管我必须说你确实看起来熟悉，但我相信我们以前没见过面。
②although/though 句意：尽管我大费周折才把Frank弄醒，他却坚持说自己没有睡着。考查状语从句。用though/although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。
③Although he worked hard
④Although I opposed his suggestion3．Doping is not only a problem in athletics，it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.
服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动的问题，也是有运动员想寻求取得超常体育成绩而准备欺骗的任何一项体育项目的问题。【句式分析】
这是一个省略了but also的并列复合句。Doping is not only a problem in athletics是第一个并列分句，(but also) it is part of every sport是第二个并列分句。where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so是定语从句。关系副词where引导定语从句除了修饰地点名词place，village，town，city，school，home外，还可以修饰下列名词sport，spot，point，condition，mark，case等。【拓展】【单项选择】
①Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales.
A．which B．that
C．when D．where
②A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A．when B．that
C．where D．there③________it comes to traffic rules，I often come across such cases ________ the local drivers obviously know them but won't follow them.
A．If；why B．As；with
C．Once；as D．When；where
【答案】①D 考查定语从句。 “position”为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。因此，正确答案为D选项。②C 句意：银行是在天晴之时借伞给你，到了下雨时就催你还回去的地方。本题考查定语从句，先行词为the place，where在定语从句中作地点状语，故选C。
③D 当case作先行词时其定语从句的引导词常用where，相当于in which，故只有D项是正确答案。4．The Olympic spirit－the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
奥林匹克精神——强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神——已经被为获得成功而不惜任何代价的愿望所亵渎。
【句式分析】
本句中The Olympic spirit has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs 是主句，the spirit of competition…是同位语，which emphasises taking part rather than winning是定语从句，修饰前面的spirit。【单项选择】
①There is much truth in the idea ________kindness is usually served by frankness.
A．why B．which
C．that D．whether
②In front of the whole class，he made his promise ________he would win the prize.
A．that B．which
C．what D．where【完成句子】
③在我看来，打电脑游戏既浪费很多时间也有害健康。
In my opinion, playing computer games________ ________takes up much time but also ________ ________ ________our health.
④老师和学生都被这部电影打动了。
Not only the teacher but also the students________ ________ ________ ________ ________.【英译汉】
⑤Not only has aspirin saved many people's lives by reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.
【答案】①C 考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句作idea的同位语。句意：通常来说，仁慈才有坦率，这样的理念中含有诸多的真理。②A that在句中引导同位语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，且不能省略。
③not only; is harmful to ④were moved by the film
⑤通过消热止痛，阿司匹林不仅拯救了许多人的生命，而且还帮助做了许多其他的事情。 Unit 21 Period Two
Ⅰ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beloved Community in Denver is the city’s first tiny home village for the homeless.The village provides shelter for up to 22 residents.It 1.________ (found) by community partners, private donors(捐赠人) and various organizations.
The village, 2.________ will begin the 180-day pilot project this year, is to provide meals, a shower house, portable toilets and a couple of gardens.The self-governed village will help to develop 3.________ sense of self-esteem(自尊)and communal(集体的)living for people who have long lived on the edge of society.
Denver Homeless Outloud aims to build two more villages by the spring of 2018, 4.________(provide)housing for a total of 300 homeless people 5.________ all over the city.The residents will be able to feel part of a community, get back their confidence 6.________ feel at home in a safe environment.
49-year-old Jamiah Rawls thinks the town should inspire the homeless 7.________ (feel) better. “The village should be 8.________ (comfort) to live in, so that they can feel confident enough and pull 9.________(they) up gradually.And the system needs to give them some assistance so they can live on their own.”
The village will offer residents their 10.________(free) and a space, where they can rediscover their goals.
【解题导语】这篇文章主要讲了丹佛的The Beloved Community为无家可归的人提供住所，以此帮助他们重拾信心以及找到城市归属感。
1．was founded It与found之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填was founded。
2．which “2.______will begin the 180-day pilot project this year”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The village”，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which。
3．a a sense of… “一种……的感觉”，是固定短语，填a。
4．providing Denver Homeless Outloud与provide之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填providing。
5．from 为来自这座城市总数为300的无家可归的人提供住所。表示“来自”，所以填from。
6．and “get back their confidence”与“feel at home”之间是并列关系，所以填and。
7．to feel inspire sb.to do sth.意为“激励某人干某事”，是固定句型。填to feel。
8．comfortable 作be动词之后的表语，用形容词，填comfortable。
9．themselves 以便于他们有足够的信心，逐渐开始自己奋斗，所以填themselves。
10．freedom 作宾语时用名词，填freedom。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
World AIDS Day is an opportunity for people worldwide to unite in the fight against HIV.The concept of World AIDS Day was first put forward in August 1987 by James W．Bunn and Thomas Netter, two public information officers for the Global Program on AIDS at the World Health Organization.Bunn and Netter took their idea to Dr Jonathan Mann, Director of the Global Program on AIDS.Dr Mann liked the concept, approved it, and agreed with the recommendation that the first World AIDS Day should be December 1st, 1988.
Bunn recommended the date of December 1st believing it would maximize coverage by western news media.Since 1988 was an election year in the US, Bunn suggested that media would be tired of their post-election coverage and eager to find a fresh story to cover.Bunn and Netter determined that December 1st was long enough after the election and soon enough before the Christmas holiday and that it was, in effect, a dead spot in the news calendar and thus perfect timing for World AIDS Day.
HIV and AIDS first became evident in the 1980s.And between 1981 and 2007, 25 million people died from the virus.According to the United Nations, globally 33.3 million are now infected with the virus.In the UK, around 91,500 people are HIV-positive, but it is thought that about a quarter of these don’t know it and remain undiscovered.
The generation that grew up in the 1980s when AIDS first started to be understood protected themselves by adopting safe practices, but this level of awareness seems to have fallen away.
Progress is being made and many scientific and medical advances have meant that people contracting (感染) the virus can live long and healthy lives with the right drug regimes, although there remains no vaccine or cure for AIDS.
HIV-positive people were once discriminated against and lived in fear of their work colleagues finding out about their conditions.Laws are now in place protecting people living with HIV.But the levels of acceptance vary depending on the country and culture and for many people there is considerable discrimination and bad fame attached to being HIV-positive.
( )1.What can we know about World AIDS Day?
A．It was first put forward by Dr Jonathan Mann.
B．People showed no interest in it when it was first put forward.
C．Dr Jonathan Mann thought highly of the concept.
D．It won the most support from people infected when it was first introduced.
( )2.Bunn recommended the date of December 1st as World AIDS Day because ________.
A．he thought that Dr Mann would like this day
B．he believed that this would make the event gain the most coverage
C．he wanted to offer people a fresh story before the Christmas holiday
D．he hoped that western people would spend a meaningful holiday
( )3.What can we know about HIV-positive people in the UK?
A．Most of them grew up in the 1980s.
B．About 25% of them are not aware of it.
C．About half of them receive no treatment.
D．They know enough about how to protect themselves.
( )4.It is implied in the last paragraph that HIV-positive people ________.
A．are well protected everywhere nowadays
B．are treated the same in different cultures
C．are still discriminated against in their life in some regions
D．are not worried about their colleagues knowing their conditions
【解题导语】文章主要介绍了世界艾滋病日的来历及目前世界范围内艾滋病病情及防治情况。
1．C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Dr Mann liked the concept, approved it, and agreed with the recommendation …”可以推测，Dr Jonathan Mann对此评价很高。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Bunn recommended the date of December 1st believing it would maximize coverage by western news media.”可知，Bunn建议12月1日为“世界艾滋病日”，是由于他认为这样可以使这一事件赢得媒体最多的报道。
3．B 细节理解题。根据第三段“…it is thought that about a quarter of these don’t know it and remain undiscovered.”可知，在英国25%的艾滋病感染者不知道自己携带有艾滋病病毒，故选B项。
4．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，尽管有法律的保护，但是在一些地区艾滋病毒感染者在现实生活中依旧受到歧视，故选C项。
B
Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging.Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find fault with themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome.Research indicates that positive support motivates(激发) and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
( )5.An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is to ________.
A．make sports less competitive B．increase their sense of success
C．reduce their mental stress D．make sports more challenging
( )6.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________.
A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
C．in order to make them remember life’s lessons
D．so as to put more pressure on them
( )7.According to the passage, parents and coaches should ________.
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
( )8.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ________.
A．teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B．persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C．stress the importance of positive support to children
D．discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
【解题导语】教练和家长对于年轻运动员表现的评价是很重要的，应当给出正面鼓励，而非一味指责。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.”可知，stress(紧张，压力)会导致burnout(筋疲力尽，撒手不干)，所以阻止这种现象发生的有效方法就是减少他们的思想压力。
6．B 推理判断题。根据文章可知，教练和家长的注意力主要在结果上，希望运动员能赢得比赛，批评多是因为对其表现不满，希望其能做得好些。他们的主观愿望是好的，但是显然没有意识到批评可能使年轻的运动员对其从事的运动热情尽失，再也提不起兴趣。
7．A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者首先指出教练和家长不应让运动成为孩子的工作， 那样就会成为孩子的一种负担。同时提到比赛的结果不如学习运动的过程重要，不管结果如何，教练和家长都要给孩子正面的鼓励而不是批评。由此可知，作者认为教练和家长应当将更多的精力放在让孩子享受运动的过程上。
8．C 写作目的题。本文主要论述的是教练和家长对运动员的影响，指出批评可能会使孩子丧失兴趣，应当多给运动员积极的评价，由此不难看出，本文的目的是强调正面鼓励的重要性。
课件52张PPT。Period Two Lesson 2Ⅰ.单词识记
1．_________ adj.having a special advantage or a chance to do sth
2．________vt.to supply what is needed
3．______n．an act of coming in or going in
4．________adj.enoughprivileged cater entry ample 5．________n．a small plant used to make medicine
6．_______n．to look at quickly but not in detail
7．______vt.to buy a meal or present for sb
8．________vt.to cancel until a future timeherb scan treat postpone Ⅱ.短语天地
1．立刻；马上________________
2．开始着手做某事________________
3．复习；仔细查看________________
4．出现；上升________________
5．抚育长大；提出________________straight away get down to sth go over come up bring up
6．consist of________________
7．compare…to…________________
8．go through________________
9．build up________________
10．find out________________由……组成把……比作从头到尾阅读；经受(使)扩大；增强查明；弄清楚Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．The areas of the brain related to controlling sight and hearing could be compared to miniature film studios.
[信息提取] related to为过去分词，作brain的后置定语
[例句仿写] 鲁迅写的小说很受人欢迎。
Novels ______________ are well received.2．It is our brain that interprets these signals and builds up a picture of the outside world.
[信息提取] It is…that…为强调句型
[例句仿写] 正是他的所作所为让他的父亲很生气。
It was _________ made his father very angry.
【答案】1.written by Lu Xun
2．what he did that1．matter
(1)n.物质(不可数)
Matter exists in three states：solid，liquid and gas.
物质以三种状态存在：固态、液态和气态。(2)n.事情；问题；麻烦事(可数)
She may need your help with some business matters.
她也许需要你帮助处理一些生意方面的事情。
It was a matter of life and death for them.
对他们来说，这是生与死的问题。(3)v. 要紧；重要(多用于否定、疑问句中)
It doesn't matter to me what you do.
你做什么我无所谓。
As long as you're happy，that's all that matters.
只要你幸福，这就是最重要的事情。a matter of principle原则问题
a matter of opinion仁者见仁；智者见智
as a matter of fact实际上；事实上
no matter (how，where，etc.)不管；不论(怎样，哪里)【拓展】【完成句子】
①他问我出了什么事。
He asked me__________________.
②那么这是如何产生的，有什么要紧吗？
So how has this come about and _________?
③这件事情你应该请教你的律师。
You should seek advice from your lawyer________.④总之，不管别人说什么，我会去的。
I'll go anyway _______________ thers say.
⑤无论他多努力，也得不了一等奖。
_________________he works，he can't won the first prize.
【答案】①what was the matter ②does it matter ③on this matter ④no matter what/whatever ⑤No matter how hard/However hard2．privileged adj.荣幸的
We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.
我们荣幸地欢迎您今晚来讲演。
I felt privileged to have been mentioned in his speech.
他在讲话中提到了我，我感到很荣幸。privilege n．特权；殊荣【拓展】Education should not be considered to be a privilege in a modern society.
在一个现代社会中，受教育不应该被看成是一种特权。【汉译英】
①认识你是莫大的荣幸。
②他赋予他的朋友使用他的个人实验室的特权。
【答案】①It is a great privilege to know you.
②He gave his friend the privilege of using his private lab.3．cater vi.投合；迎合；满足需要
This full－service restaurant is equipped to cater large events.
这家饭店为承办大型活动提供全方位服务。cater for (to) 提供饮食及服务(尤指社交方面)；迎合；满足某种需要【拓展】Fifty is a lot of people to cater for.
承办五十人的饮食可够多的。
TV must cater for many different tastes.
电视节目必须迎合各种人的爱好。I think it's changed to cater to Chinese taste.
我想味道稍加变化是为了适合中国人的口味。
The class caters for all ability ranges.
这个班对各种不同水平的人都适合。【单项选择】
The legislation should ________ various special interest groups.
A．benefit from B．put up with
C．object to D．cater to
【答案】D 句意：立法应兼顾各种特殊利益团体。cater to是固定搭配，意为“迎合，满足”，在此引申为“兼顾”。4．ample adj.充足的；充裕的
There is ample room for the children on the back seat.
后座有足够的空间容纳孩子们。
We need ample time to finish the task.
我们需要足够的时间来完成任务。
注意：ample同enough，但程度上比enough稍强。
【汉译英】
有足够的时间到达机场。
【答案】There was ample time to get to the airport.5．treat
(1)vt.款待
Yesterday I visited my teacher in senior middle school and she treated me to the local product.
昨天我拜访了高中时的老师，她用特产款待了我。
People in this area are used to treating visitors to tea.
这个地方的人习惯用茶招待客人。(2)vt.对待；把……看作
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作一个玩笑。
(3)vt.治疗
Last year the hospital treated forty cases of malaria.
去年这家医院治疗了40例疟疾患者。(4)n.款待；乐事
Let's go out for lunch—my treat.
咱们到外面吃午餐，我请客。
Steven took his son to the zoo as a special treat.
作为特别的消遣，斯蒂芬带儿子去动物园。【语法填空】
①The way the guests________(treat)in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
②The teachers and students of our school treat each other ________ their relatives，so our school is a big harmonious family.
【答案】①were treated 由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。the guests和treat之间是被动关系。
②as treat…as… 把……当作……看待。6．postpone vt.推迟；延期
We're postponing our holiday until we have some more money.
我们把度假日期推迟到我们有更多钱的时候。
Gail and Jim have decided to postpone having a baby for a while.
盖尔和吉姆决定暂缓要孩子。【辨析】 postpone/delay/put offThe meeting has been postponed to Friday.
会议推迟到星期五举行。
The steamer was delayed by the bad weather.
轮船因天气不佳而延期出航。
Let's put this off till some other time.
我们还是把这搁一搁，以后再说吧。
注意：postpone后接动名词，不接不定式。【汉译英】
①聚会延期了几天。
②我们将不得不把会议推迟到下周举行。
【答案】①The party was postponed a few days.
②We’ll have to postpone the meeting until next week.1．consist of… 由……组成consist of…＝be made up of…(不可用于被动语态和进行时态)
consist in…(＝lie in…)在于……；存在于……
consist with…与……一致【拓展】The book consists of nineteen chapters.
全书由19个章节组成。
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.
这个计划的好处就在于简单易行。
His words didn’t consist with what he did.
他言行不一。
【用适当的介词填空】
①Life mainly consists ________ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist ________ struggle.
②What he said didn’t consist ________ the truth.
【答案】①of；in ②with2．get down to开始认真考虑/着手做某事
You must get down to your studies this year.
你今年要好好学习。
I guess you'd like to get down to business this morning.
我猜，今天上午你想开始谈生意。get down to(＋ n./pron./v－ing) 开始；着手
get away from摆脱，逃避
get away with 侥幸成功；侥幸逃脱
get along/on with进展；与……相处
get up起床
get on穿上；戴上
get in收入；收集；收获【拓展】【完成句子】
①我该开始认真思考这个问题了。
It's time I________ ________ ________ ________about this problem.
②我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。
I won't have you________ ________ ________ ________in the exam.
③他们一到达就开始打扫那间新房。
After they arrival, they________ ________ ________ ________the new room.
【答案】①got down to thinking
②getting away with cheating
③got down to cleaning3．straight away＝right away立刻；马上【拓展】straight ahead一直向前
go straight直走；改过自新When they heard a cry for help，they rushed out of the room straight away.
听到呼救声，他们立刻冲出了房间。
Drive straight ahead，and then you will see a sign to the expressway.
直行你就会看见指示你开往高速公路的路标。【用适当的介、副词填空】
①I think it would be a kindness to tell him the bad news straight ________.
②—Could you tell me the way to the nearest post office?
—Sure.Go straight ________ and take the second turn on the right then you’ll see the building.
【答案】①away ②ahead1．(课文重现)The areas of the brain related to controlling sight and hearing could be compared to miniature film studios.
与控制听觉和视觉相连的大脑区域可以被比作是微型电影工作室。
【句式分析】
本句中related to短语为the areas of the brain的后置定语，句子的谓语是could be compared to…。【语法填空】
①The island，______(join) to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
②The players ________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
③The meeting ________ (hold) now is of great importance to the development of the firm. ④The chairman ________ (represent) the Student Union approached me，________ (greet) me with a smile.
【答案】①joined join与the island之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。
②selected selected为过去分词作the players的后置定语，它与the players之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。③being held hold与the meeting存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用过去分词，因为指“现在正在召开的会议”，故用being held。
④representing; greeting the chairman与represent在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词representing；这句话谓语动词为approached，且the chairman与greet是主动关系，故用现在分词greeting作伴随状语。2．…and it is our brain that interprets these signals and builds up a picture of the outside world.
正是我们的大脑翻译这些信号，并构建起了一张外部世界的图画。
【句式分析】
本句应用了强调句型“it is＋被强调成分＋that＋剩余部分”。【拓展】
It was John whom/who/that she met at Mary's birthday party last Sunday.
她上个星期天在玛丽的生日聚会上遇见的是约翰。(强调宾语)用适当的连词填空
①It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued.
②It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.
③It is the ability to do the job _____ matters, not where you came from or what you are.
④It was 1921 ________ our Party was founded.将下列句子按要求改成强调句
⑤Did you meet your brother at Mc Donald？(强调宾语)
⑥Where did you see her cell－phone yesterday? (强调特殊疑问词where)
⑦I came home late because it was raining hard.(强调状语从句)
⑧We did not get off the bus until it stopped.(强调时间状语从句)【答案】①that ②what; that ③that ④when
⑤Was it your brother that you met at Mc Donald?
⑥Where was it that you saw her cell－phone yesterday?
⑦It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.
⑧It was not until the bus stopped that we got off the bus.Unit 21 Period Three
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball；otherwise，he____________(score) a goal.
2．But for the Party，he____________(die) of hunger 15 years ago.
3．I____________(go) to visit him in the hospital，but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.
4．If I knew her telephone number，I________(give) her a ring now.
5．If you________(be) not free tomorrow, we will set another day to have a chat.
6．If the moon________(go) near the earth, the tide goes high.
7．If it________(stop) raining later this afternoon, we will eat out.
8．Who do you suggest________(send)there to cover the accident?
9．He demanded that the classroom________(clean) at once.
10．Here is some money in case you________(need) it.
11．It will be better that we________(meet) at the gate of the park.
12．He came to my class every week, but his attitude suggested he________(be not) really interested in the subject.
13．I should not have visited the gallery if I________(know) it was closed.
14．If you had adopted my advice, you________(avoid) making the ridiculous mistake now.
15．He____________(go) to my cousin’s café last night, but he was too busy.
16．If I were you, I____________(lend) him a hand to learn geometry now.
17．I____________(finish) the homework on time if I hadn’t been ill yesterday.
18．He insisted that he________(do) nothing wrong and that he________(set)free.
19．His pale face suggested that he____________(be) weak and we suggested that he________(send) to the hospital.
20．The librarian is going to talk about poems, but I’d rather he________(focus) more on painting.
【答案】1.would have scored 2.would have died
3．would have gone 4.would give 5.are 6.goes
7．stops 8.be sent 9.be cleaned 10.need 11.meet 12.was not 13.had known 14.would avoid
15．would have gone 16.would lend
17．would have finished
18．had done; (should) be set
19．was; (should) be sent 20.focused
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．If I were you, I would go to look for him.
＝________________， I would go to look for him.
2．If he were here, everything would be all right.
＝________________， everything would be all right.
3．If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
＝________________， you would have met him.
4．The general ordered all the soldiers to get up early and move on.
＝The general ordered that all the soldiers____________________.
5．It is necessary for us to study English well.
＝It is necessary that________________________.
6．If I had taken his advice, I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.
＝________________I________________， I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.
7．I wish you not to interrupt when I’m talking on the phone.
＝I wish that________________when I’m talking on the phone.
8．They took the injured straight to the hospital and some of them were saved.
＝They took the injured straight to the hospital; otherwise，some of them________________.
【答案】1.Were I you
2．Were he here
3．Had you come earlier
4．(should)get up early and move on
5．we should study English well
6．Had; taken his advice
7．you would not interrupt
8．would have been dead
Ⅲ. 用虚拟语气改写下列句子
1．We want to buy a computer，but we don’t have enough money.
________________________________________________________________________
2．John hurt his leg.John didn’t win the race.
________________________________________________________________________
3．With my brother’s help，I finished my job.(用but for改写)
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1．If we had enough money，we would buy a computer.
2．If John hadn’t hurt his leg，he would have won the race.
3．But for my brother’s help，I wouldn’t have finished my job.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．如果没有水，就不会有生命。
Without water，there ________ ________ no life.
2．要不是开会，那时候我早就回家了。
But for the meeting，I ________ ________ ________ ________ at the time.
3．要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故。
________ ________ in time，we might have prevented the accident.
4．如果多留心的话，这棵树本来可以长得更好。
________ more attention，the tree could have grown better.
5．我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。
I was too busy at that time，otherwise，I ________ ________ ________ you.
【答案】1.would be 2.would have gone home
3．Having known 4.Given 5.would have called
Ⅴ.单句改错
1．If all the guests had arrived on time, the host will not have felt unhappy.
________________________________________________________________________
2．If my husband is a woman, he would understand my feelings a bit better.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Shall it rain, the crops would be saved.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1.will改为would
2．is改为were
3．Shall改为Should
课件16张PPT。Period Three Grammar1．真实条件句：从句使用一般现在时态，主句使用一般将来时态。
If it is fine tomorrow，I will go swimming.
如果明天天晴，我就去游泳。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.
如果你拉猫的尾巴，它会抓你。If条件句2．非真实条件句：如果if条件句谈论的是想象非事实的情况，主句则推测想象的结果，就使用“非真实条件句”，即虚拟语气。
If I were you，I would take his advice.
如果我是你，我会听从他的建议。(事实：I am not you.)
If I had come yesterday，I would have seen him.
如果我昨天来，我就会见到他。
(事实：I didn't come yesterday.)
If it should snow tomorrow，they couldn't go out.
如果明天下雪，他们就不能出去了。
(事实：It is probably going to be fine tomorrow.)3．虚拟语气在if条件句中的应用请看下表：注意：
1．虚拟语气混合条件句
在虚拟语气中，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式因时间的不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句，也叫做错综时间条件句。这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，更重要的是事实和假设的混合。这种虚拟情况的动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用。If she had asked Mrs.Green yesterday，she would know how to deal with it now.
如果她昨天问了格林夫人，她现在就会知道怎么处理这事。
If you hadn't watched TV that late last night，you wouldn't be so sleepy.
如果你昨天晚上看电视不那么晚，你现在不会这么困倦。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.
假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好多了。2．虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were，should或had，可将if省略，再把were，should或had移到从句句首，变成倒装句。
If it had rained last night，it would be very cold today.
＝Had it rained last night，it would be very cold today.
如果昨天下雨了，今天会很冷的。If you had come earlier，you could see him now.
＝Had you come earlier，you could see him now.
如果你早来一点的话，你现在能够见到他。
If it had rained，the crops would be green now.
＝Had it rained，the crops would be green now.
如果下过雨的话，庄稼现在会绿绿的。3．有时句子中的条件不是用条件句而是由介词短语(without…没有……，but for…要不是……)、连词(but但是)、副词(otherwise否则)等或上下文来表示某种假设的情况。
Without electricity，life would be quite different today.
(＝If there were no electricity…)
没有电，生活就和现在完全不一样了。
But for the rain we would have had a nice holiday.
要不是因为下雨，我们的假期一定过得很惬意。【用所给词的正确形式填空】
1．If you had posted the letter，Joan ________ (receive) it last Monday.
2．What would you say or do if someone ________ (call) you a fool?
3．If he ________________(not，be) ill，he would have done something to help us.
4．If you had studied hard，you ___________ (be) a college student now.5．I am not tired.If I were tired，I ___________ (have) a rest.
6．If Mary ________(be) a girl of strong character，she ______________(say) “No” to her boss.
【答案】1.would have received
2.called 3.hadn’t been
4．would be 5.would have
6.were；would have saidUnit 21 Period Four
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Years ago, in a small fishing village in Holland, a young boy taught the world about the rewards of unselfish service.Because the entire village lived mainly on the fishing industry, a volunteer rescue team was formed in case of emergency(紧急情况). One night a big storm turned over a fishing boat at sea.In great trouble, the fishermen sent out the S．O.S.The captain of the rescue rowboat team sounded the alarm and the villagers assembled in the town square overlooking the bay.While the team started and fought their way through the wild waves, the villagers waited anxiously on the beach, holding lanterns to light the way back.
An hour later, the rescue boat reappeared through the fog and cheering villagers ran to greet them.Falling exhausted on the sand, the volunteers reported that the rescue boat could not hold any more passengers and they had to leave one man behind.Even one more passenger would have surely overturned the rescue boat and all would have been lost.
Worriedly, the captain called for another volunteer team to go after the survivor. Sixteen- year-old Hans stepped forward.His mother grabbed his arm, begging，“Please don’t go.Your father died in a shipwreck 10 years ago and your older brother, Jack, has been lost at sea for three weeks.Hans, you are all that I have left.”
Hans replied, “Mother, I have to go.What if everyone said, ’I can’t go, let someone else do it？’ Mother, this time I have to do my duty.When the call for service comes, we all need to take our turn and do our part.” Hans kissed his mother, joined the team and disappeared into the night.Another hour passed, which seemed to Hans’ mother like an eternity(永恒)．Finally, the rescue boat passed through the fog with Hans standing up in the bow.Cupping his hands, the captain called, “Did you find the lost man？” Hardly able to contain himself, Hans excitedly shouted back, “Yes, we found him.Tell my mother it’s my older brother, Jack！”
( )1.What did the fishermen do when the boat was turned over?
A．They jumped into the water and managed to swim back.
B．They were so courageous that they faced the storm bravely.
C．They sent out the S．O.S.for rescue.
D．They did nothing but wait for help.
( )2.The underlined word “assembled” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
A．gathered B．screamed
C．spread D．wept
( )3.One passenger was left behind because ________.
A．the passenger was overweight
B．it was hard to spot him in the heavy fog
C．if the rescue boat had loaded him, all would have been lost
D．the storm was too strong for them to pull him out of water
( )4.Who did Hans and his team save?
A．One of his fellow villagers.
B．One of the rescue members.
C．His father.
D．His older brother.
【解题导语】本文讲述了一个奇迹的发生。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In great trouble, the fishermen sent out the S．O.S.”可知，他们发出了S.O.S.求救信号。
2．A 词义猜测题。由画线词后的“in the town square”可知，村民们聚集在一起。
3．C 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Even one more passenger would have surely overturned the rescue boat and all would have been lost.”可知，只要再多搭载一个人，救生船就会下沉，所有的人都会淹死，所以留下了一人。
4．D 细节理解题。由文章最后一句“Yes, we found him.Tell my mother it’s my older brother, Jack！”可知，他救的是他的哥哥。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At age 86, Millie Garfield is one of the world’s oldest elderly bloggers(写博客的人)．__1__ reading a newspaper article in 2003 and then asking her son for __2__ in getting online, Millie has been blogging ever since.
We usually associate blogging with the __3__： our children, grandchildren, nieces or nephews. While the blogging landscape was once __4__ almost entirely by teens, it has opened to different age groups now.
After 38 years of marriage, Millie __5__ her husband in 1994.She has no siblings and has only one son.She has to live alone.Like many elderly people, her social network was beginning to __6__ in size as many of her friends were in assisted living.
Blogging has __7__ Millie’s universe.“I have to blog once a week，” she says.“If I don’t, they start __8__ about me.” When I ask who “they” are, Millie says they are the 70 or 80 __9__ who visit her blog each day.When she was three days __10__ in posting one week, she began getting __11__ from them to see if she was okay.She has also got to __12__ other bloggers from around the country.
Not only has blogging helped Millie make new __13__， but it has also helped her learn about herself.“I write about everyday living in a __14__ fashion, so I try to find interesting things in a TV show, a movie, or a(n) __15__ to the dentist，” she says.“I never knew I was funny but now people __16__ me I am.It is a big discovery.”
Millie __17__ loves blogging.“My life would be __18__ and empty without it.I’m able to learn from people all over the world，” she says.Then she adds, “When you’re older, you don’t have many __19__.The wonderful thing about blogging is that you can have many people hear what you think and no one __20__ you when you are speaking.”
( )1.A．While B．Until
C．After D．As
( )2.A．help B．apology
C．excuse D．permission
( )3.A．old B．young
C．rich D．sick
( )4.A．damaged B．occupied
C．prepared D．designed
( )5.A．missed B．followed
C．recognized D．lost
( )6.A．grow B．develop
C．decrease D．remain
( )7.A．expanded B．concluded
C．found D．ruined
( )8.A．complaining B．thinking
C．arguing D．worrying
( )9.A．workers B．readers
C．passengers D．speakers
( )10.A．late B．away
C．fast D．ready
( )11.A．warnings B．suggestions
C．emails D．books
( )12.A．know B．see
C．change D．ask
( )13.A．comments B．connections
C．contributions D．combinations
( )14.A．popular B．famous
C．similar D．humorous
( )15.A．gift B．visit
C．wave D．award
( )16.A．warn B．prove
C．order D．tell
( )17.A．probably B．fortunately
C．hardly D．clearly
( )18.A．poor B．slow
C．dull D．simple
( )19.A．listeners B．managers
C．interpreters D．lecturers
( )20.A．fears B．interrupts
C．controls D．treats
【解题导语】网络已经不仅仅是年轻人的天下了，老年人中也有写博客的名人。
1．C 开始写博客应该是在能上网之后的事情。
2．A 一开始Millie应该需要在儿子的帮助下上网。
3．B 从后面的“our children, grandchildren, nieces or nephews”可知，指的是年轻人。
4．B 从后面的“it has opened to different age groups now”可知，此处要表示的是网络之前是年轻人占领的。
5．D 从后面的“She has to live alone.”可知，Millie失去了丈夫。
6．C 很多朋友需要在别人的照顾下生活了，交际圈变小了。
7．A 从本段的描述可知，通过写博客Millie认识了很多新朋友，她的世界得到了拓展。
8．D 从后面的“she began getting … to see if she was okay”可知，大家会担心她。
9．B 来看Millie的博客的人应该算做读者。
10．A Millie引起了读者的担心，由此可知她更新博客的时间比平时晚了。
11．C 博客的读者们最有可能发电子邮件跟Millie联系。
12．A 通过写博客Millie认识了其他写博客的人。
13．B 这是一个承上启下的句子，前半个分句总结上段内容，即写博客让Millie增加了与他人的联系。
14．D 从后面的“I try to find interesting things”和“I never knew I was funny …”可知，Millie试图用幽默的风格写作。
15．B Millie试图从日常生活中找到有趣的事情，去看牙医也是日常生活的一部分。
16．D Millie在写博客的过程中培养了幽默感，大家都说她很有趣。
17．D 从后文的描述可知，Millie明显很喜欢写博客。
18．C 不写博客的话Millie会感到无聊、空虚。
19．A 从后面的“The wonderful thing about blogging is that you can have many people hear what you think…”可知，此处Millie抱怨没有听她说话的人。
20．B 写博客的时候有人听你的想法，而且没人会打断你。
Ⅲ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Generally， the two most common places for studying are either at home or in the library. Many people prefer to study at home rather than study in a library that is specifically set aside for people who need to study.
One of the major advantages of studying at home is that some people simply learn better when in a comfortable environment. While sitting at a table in an uncomfortable chair found in a library does work for some students， others may find that being on a couch in their own home is better. Libraries may also have a number of other students in them， all trying to use the same resources at the same time. This can make it difficult to use a computer or other public devices， especially near the end of a school term， and someone's computer is easier to use while he or she is studying at home.
Someone studying at home can also start and stop more easily， especially for breaks to get something to eat or drink. At home， a person may be able to simply walk into the next room and get some food. While studying in a library， however， it is likely that someone would have to pack up his or her study materials and leave the building completely to find something to eat.
However， there are some disadvantages of studying at home. Television， movies， music video games， roommates， family， and many more sources of distraction can all be present at home but might not be found in a library. There are also certain resources that can be found from a library but may not be found at a person's home. On the contrary， libraries have another purpose besides providing a place for study. Those books are very handy， especially when one is writing term papers. There are hundreds to choose from.
【答案】
One possible version：
Many people prefer to study at home rather than study in a library(要点1). Some people learn better at their own home， because it provides a comfortable environment and it is easier to use their own computer(要点2). Studying at home enables people to start and stop more conveniently， especially for breaks to get a drink or something to eat(要点3). However， one may be distracted by many things at home and certainly handy resources can only be found in a library(要点4).
课件61张PPT。Period Four Lesson 3Ⅰ.单词识记
1．________n．a disease growth in the body，often fatal
2．________adj.living in a city or town
3．________n．an act of testing or trying
4．________vt.to forbid
5．________vt.to join together，or to become onecancer urban trial prohibit unite 6．______n．a short stop，break or interval
7．________adj.severe，serious
8．________n．figures giving information about sth
9．__________n．sth that indicates a particular disease
10．________n．a regular，fixed way of doing things
11．________n．the people who work on newspapers and magazines pause acute statistics symptom routine press 12．________v．to see or know in advance
13．________vt.to show great sorrow for a person who has died
14．____________n．a doctor's instructions for the preparing and taking of a medicine
15．________n．a pill
16．_________vt.to emphasize or stress sth
17．_________adj.very careful；absolute or completeforesee mourn prescription tablet underline thorough
18．___________n．cooperation between those who are working together on a task
19．________n．trust or belief
20．________n．a likeness；a line parallel to anotherteamwork faith parallel Ⅱ.短语天地
1．彻底毁灭________________
2．记录在案的；有记录的____________
3．做实验________________
4．终止；消灭________________
5．attempt to do sth________________
6．allow sb to do sth________________
7．be believed to be…________________
8．be lost to________________wipe out on record do trials on stop sth in its tracks 试图做某事允许某人做某事被认为是……失去；没有Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，it is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history.
[信息提取] having killed up to…为现在分词的完成形式作状语
[例句仿写] 完成所有的工作之后，他就回家了。
_____________________，he went home.2．Bacteria and viruses have been around since the beginning of life on Earth and many of today's diseases have existed as long as humans have.
[信息提取] as long as意为“像……一样长”
[例句仿写] 黄河没有长江长。
The Yellow River is not ______________ the Changjiang River.3．Since most people had no natural defences against the disease，it was also harmful to the doctors and nurses treating SARS patients.
[信息提取] since在此表示“由于”，引导原因状语从句
[例句仿写] 既然大家都来了，我们开始吧。
_______________________，let's begin.
【答案】1.Having finished all the work
2.as long as
3．Since everyone is hereⅣ.预读理解
1．Fast reading：Read the text and do the true(T) or false(F) exercises.
①Flu kills millions of people every year.( )
②Most diseases are very new.( )
③Epidemics have affected historical events.( )
④It takes years for a disease to spread worldwide.( )
⑤Epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.( )
【答案】①T ②T ③T ④T ⑤F2．Careful reading
Epidemics ①________history【答案】①throughout ②Swept through
③500～550 AD
④Asia ⑤the Middle East ⑥struck
⑦mourning
⑧more than ⑨1997 ⑩Worldwide1．trial n．试验；试用；审判do trials on… 对……做试验
on trial 在试验中
be on/go on/stand trial for… 因……受审
bring sb.to trial将某人付诸审判
come/go to trial开庭审理【拓展】We had the machine on trial for a week.
这台机器我们试用了一个星期。
She will be on/go on/stand trial for fraud.
她因涉嫌诈骗将受到审判。
The men were arrested but not brought to trial.
这些人已被逮捕但并未送交法院审判。
【用适当的介词填空】
①The new kind of machine is ________ trial and it won’t be long before it is put into use.
②The case never came ________ trial.
③He is on trial ________ murder.
【答案】①on ②to ③for2．prohibit vt. 禁止
Visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals.
禁止游客投喂动物。
His small size prohibits him from becoming a policeman.
他的个子太小，不能当警察。(1)prohibition n．禁止；阻止
(2)表示“禁止，阻止”时，可用于“动词＋宾语＋from doing sth”结构的动词还有：forbid，prevent，stop，keep等。
(3)但forbid还可用于forbid sb to do sth结构。
(4)prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事【拓展】【完成句子】
①办公楼里禁止抽烟。
②这台机器昂贵，很难普及使用。
【答案】①Smoking is prohibited in the office building.
②The high cost of the machine prohibits it from being widespread.3. pause n. & v．暂停；停顿
There was a pause in the talk when Mary came in.
玛丽进来时谈话停了一下。
The rain fell without pause.
雨不停地下着。
When he had run up the hill，he paused for a minute to rest.
跑上山后，他休息了一会儿。give a pause to使踌躇
without pause不停地
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
without doubt毫无疑问
without reason无缘无故【拓展】
【汉译英】
虽然他的家人在地震中都遇难了，但震后他不停地救其他人。
【答案】Although his family members all died in the earthquake，he rescued others without pause.4．routine n．常规；惯例【拓展】break/follow the routine 打破/遵守常规
daily routine 日常生活
as a matter of routine 定期
a break from routine 摆脱刻板的生活
She doesn’t do it according to routine.
她没按常规做这件事。
A creative man will never follow the routine.
勇于创新的人永远不会墨守成规。
【完成句子】
①她需要摆脱一下刻板的生活。
She needed a ________ ________ ________.
②让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。
Make exercise a part of your ________ ________.
③我们定期清洗和修理机器。
We clean and repair the machine ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】①break from routine ②daily routine ③as a matter of routine
5．foresee vt.预见
It is hard to foresee what my students will get in the final－term English exam.
很难预知我的学生将会在英语期末考试中取得什么样的成绩。
No one could have foreseen(that) things would turn out this way.
谁都没有预料到事情的结果会是这样。前缀fore－表示“在前部；预先”：
forecast预报；foretell预言
forehead前额；forearm前臂【拓展】【汉译英】
①损害的程度是无法预见到的。
②不可能预知生命将如何发展。
【答案】①The extent of the damage could not have been foreseen.
②It is impossible to foresee how life will work out.6．faith n. 信心
I have great faith in her.She won't let me down.
我对她很有信心。她不会让我失望的。
It really restored my faith in human nature.
此事确实恢复了我对人性的信心。have faith in… 对……有信心
destroy/restore one's faith in… 毁掉/恢复某人对……的信心
lose faith in… 对……失去信心
faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的【拓展】【完成句子】
①如果我没有泄露那个秘密，他就不会对我失去信任。
If I hadn't let out the secret, he ________ me.
②我对她有信心，她不会让我失望的。
I __________ her; she won't let me down.
③忠实的朋友很难寻。
__________________is hard to find.
【答案】①wouldn' have lost faith in
②have faith in
③Faithful friend1．wipe out彻底毁灭；消除，抹去(旧事)等
The whole village was wiped out by the earthquake.
地震把整座村庄夷为平地。
We held a campaign to wipe out pollution.
我们开展了一次消灭污染的运动。
Last year's profits were virtually wiped out.
去年的利润几乎全都赔光了。
You can never wipe out the past.
你永远不能把过去一笔勾销。wipe out 彻底毁灭；彻底消灭
wipe sth.away/off/up 抹掉；擦干净
wipe sth.from/off sp. 从某处擦掉某物【拓展】
Use that cloth to wipe up/off/away the mess.
用那块布把脏东西擦掉。
I hope you’ll wipe that thought from/off your mind.
我希望你打消那个念头。【用适当的介词或副词填空】
①Doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe ________ cancer.
②She wiped the sweat ________ her face ________ a piece of facial tissue.
③How could I be able to hold my kids，wipe ________ their tears，and share their dreams?
【答案】①out ②off/from；with ③away/off/up2．stop sth.in its tracks终止某事；消灭某物【拓展】stop sb.in sb.’s tracks
(由于恐惧或吃惊)某人突然止步或怔住
be on track稳步前进；做法正确
keep/lose track of…
了解/不了解……的动态；和……保持/失去联系This famous sportsman’s career was stopped in its tracks because of his doping drugs.
因为服用违禁药品，那位著名的体育运动员被终止了运动生涯。
—What happened then?
—The noise stopped me in my tracks.
——后来呢？
——那声音突然使我怔住了。【完成句子】
①柯蒂斯正踏上夺取金牌之途。
Curtis ________ ________ ________ for the gold medal.
②银行账单有助于你了解你的资金使用情况。
Bank statements help you ________ ________ ________ where your money is going.
【答案】①is on track ②keep track of1．Bacteria and viruses have been around since the beginning of life on Earth and many of today’s diseases have existed as long as humans have.
自从地球上有生命开始，细菌和病毒一直存在，今天很多的疾病和人类存在的时间一样长。【句式分析】
(1)这是一个由and连接的并列复合句，第一个并列分句是Bacteria and viruses have been around；since the beginning of life on Earth是时间状语；第二个并列分句是many of today’s diseases have existed；as long as humans have是比较状语从句，也是一个省略句，省略了existed。
(2)since引导时间状语的时候，谓语用现在完成时态。【拓展】 as long as像……一样长
as long as只要(引导条件状语从句)This ruler is as long as that one.
这把尺子和那把一样长。
As long as you finish your homework on time，you can watch TV for an hour.
只要你准时完成作业，你可以看一个小时的电视。【单项选择】
①You can borrow my car________ you promise not to drive too fast.
A．unless B．even if
C．in case D．as long as
【汉译英】
②只要我们对她有信心，她就有可能成功。
________________________________【答案】
①D 句意：只要你答应不开得太快，我就可以把车借给你。本题考查条件状语从句。unless＝if…not如果不；even if即使；in case以防。以上三项均不符合语境。
②As long as we have faith in her，it’s possible for her to succeed.2．It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.
它爆发于第一次世界大战接近尾声时，使全球的家庭陷入了一片哀声之中。【句式分析】
本句中使用了“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，其常见句式结构为：
(1)leave＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介宾短语，表示“使……处于某种状态”；
(2)leave＋宾语＋名词，多表示一种结果；
(3)leave＋宾语＋现在分词/不定式，其中宾语与构成宾语补足语的动词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；
(4)leave＋宾语＋过去分词，其中宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
The girl left the door open when she went out.
女孩出去的时候没有关门。
He had left his jacket hanging next to his seat.
他把夹克衫挂在了他座位的旁边。
He left his lawyer to deal with his will after his death.
他让律师在他死后处理他的遗嘱。
Some things are better left unsaid.
有些事最好永远不要说。【语法填空】
①We hurriedly finished our meeting，leaving many problems _____________(settle)．
②I left her __________(make) the decision.
③The sad movie left me __________ (cry)．
④When you sleep，you’d better leave the door ________(close)．
【答案】①to be settled ②to make ③crying ④closed3．Since most people had no natural defences against the disease，it was also harmful to the doctors and nurses treating SARS patients.
因为大部分人对这种疾病没有天生的抵御能力，这种疾病对治疗“非典”病人的医生和护士也有害。【句式分析】
(1)Since most people had no natural defences against the disease是原因状语从句，it was also harmful to the doctors and nurses treating SARS patients是主句。
(2)在had no natural defences against the disease中，against表示“对抗”的意义。
(3)treating SARS patients是现在分词作定语，修饰the doctors and nurses。(1)since用作介词，意为“自……以来；自……以后”。
(2)since用作连词，意为“自……以后；自……以来”，与完成时连用。
(3)since作连词，还可意为“既然；因为”。【拓展】Since then，he has developed another bad habit.
自那以后，他养成了另一种坏习惯。
We've lived here since 1998.
自1998年以来我们一直住在这里。
Since you ask，I will tell you.
你既然问了，我就告诉你。【单项选择】
①As is reported，it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
【汉译英】
②我已经二十年没见她了。
③因为我们没钱了，我们不能买下它。【答案】①D 本题考查时间状语从句的引导词。It is some time since…为固定句型。句意：据报道，清华大学建校有100年了。应选D项。
②It’s twenty years since I last saw her.
③Since we have no money，we can’t buy it.Unit 21 Period Five
Ⅰ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I would really like to share with you all something I did last month that made me feel so good inside.
I had a lot of hair, pretty much at my __1__ and I loved it and my friends also loved it.They were all saying how __2__ and thick it was.But it was heavy and was always getting __3__.I’d put my dishes in the dishwasher and my hair would fall over my shoulders and __4__ in last night’s dinner.
Anyway, I wanted to get a fair amount __5__， because I thought it was time.I was talking to my friends about it and one of them__6__that her older sister used to have really long hair like mine, and she donated over half of it to a __7__. This sparked a(n) __8__in me so I started looking at different charities __9__.I came across the AAAF website, and __10__this was something I really wanted to do.So I booked a(n)__11__ with a hairdresser and went to have 35cm of my hair chopped off.
I put my hair in a(n) __12__ and sent it off, feeling __13__ that I could change someone else’s life.The hair I was sending off would be made __14__ a wig(假发) for a child who has lost her hair __15__ cancer.I wasn’t __16__ anything back.I was just __17__ to be doing this small thing for someone else.__18__ last week I received a letter in the post thanking me for my __19__ of hair and letting me know just how much they appreciated the __20__.
( )1.A．head B．neck
C．shoulder D．waist
( )2.A．nice B．hot
C．heavy D．warm
( )3.A．on the way B．by the way
C．in the way D．across the way
( )4.A．land B．wash
C．live D．wait
( )5.A．made up B．cut off
C．left out D．put out
( )6.A．recommended B．warned
C．judged D．mentioned
( )7.A．shop B．charity
C．company D．neighborhood
( )8.A．lesson B．excuse
C．interest D．reason
( )9.A．really B．online
C．suddenly D．angrily
( )10.A．decided B．doubted
C．allowed D．guessed
( )11.A．development B．introduction
C．appointment D．construction
( )12.A．pocket B．envelope
C．letter D．book
( )13.A．great B．guilty
C．pitiful D．selfish
( )14.A．from B．out
C．of D．into
( )15.A．by means of B．as for
C．as well as D．due to
( )16.A．expecting B．accepting
C．paying D．confirming
( )17.A．indifferent B．unworthy
C．shocked D．pleased
( )18.A．When B．So
C．But D．And
( )19.A．distribution B．contribution
C．discussion D．celebration
( )20.A．pleasure B．application
C．gesture D．reward
【解题导语】这篇文章主要讲了作者把自己的长发剪下来寄给慈善机构，作者寄去的头发可能会为一个因为患癌症而失去头发的孩子制成假发，作者原本不图回报，但是却收到了一封感谢信。
1．D 由第3空后面的“I’d put my dishes in the dishwasher and my hair would fall over my shoulders and __4__ in last night’s dinner.”可判断出，作者长发及腰。
2．A 由 “But it was heavy and was always getting __3__.”这里的转折关系，可以判断出上文作者的朋友在称赞她的头发。
3．C 由 “I’d put my dishes in the dishwasher and my hair would fall over my shoulders and __4__in last night’s dinner.”可判断出，作者的头发总是很碍事儿。on the way “在路上”，by the way “顺便说一下”， in the way “妨碍某人”， across the way“路对面”。
4．A 这句话的意思是 “我”把菜放在洗碗机里时， “我的”头发会从肩膀上滑下来，落到昨天的饭菜里。
5．B 由下文内容 “ I was talking to my friends about it and one of them __6__ that her older sister used to have really long hair like mine, and she donated over half of it to a __7__.”可判断出，作者想要剪掉头发。make up 化妆， cut off 剪掉， leave out 忽视， put out熄灭。
6．D 由 “that her older sister used to have really long hair like mine, and she donated over half of it to a __7__.”可判断出，作者的一个朋友提到，她的姐姐过去曾经把长发捐给了慈善机构。
7．B 由下文内容 “This sparked a(n) __8__ in me so I started looking at different charities __9__ .”可知这里填慈善机构。
8．C 由“so I started looking at different charities__9__ .”可知，作者朋友的提议燃起了作者的兴趣。
9．B 由后面的“I came across the AAAF website”可知，作者开始浏览慈善机构网站。
10．A 这句话的意思是并且决定这是 “我”真正想要做的事情。
11．C 这句话的意思是，所以 “我”预约了一位美发师。
12．B 由后面的“and sent it off” 可判断出，“我”把“我的”头发放在一个信封里。
13．A 由后面的“that I could change someone else’s life”可以判断出 “我”感觉很伟大。
14．D 这句话的意思是： “我”寄去的头发可能会为一个孩子制成假发，这个孩子因为癌症失去了自己的头发。be made into“被制成”，是固定短语。
15．D 解析见上题。by means of “借助于”， as for “关于”， as well as “而且；和；也”， due to“由于”。
16．A 这句话的意思是，“我”不期待任何回报。
17．D 这句话的意思是，“我”仅仅只是愿意为别人做这件小事。
18．C 这句话的意思是：但是，上周 “我”收到了一封感谢信。表示转折关系，所以用连词but。
19．B 作者把自己的头发捐给慈善机构，这是一种捐献，所以这里意思是信中感谢“我的”捐献。
20．C 他们想让 “我”知道他们有多感激这种行为。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There is little doubt that humans used herbs (药草) for healing well before anything could be written about them.
Many authorities recognize Hippocrates as the “father of medicine” for the European tradition.The treatment of the Hippocratic physician reflected his fundamental approach.It was the treatment of an individual, not a disease, and the treatment of the whole body, not any part of it.Treatment was based on the fundamental idea that nature had a strong healing force of its own, and that the main role of the physician was to assist nature in this healing process, rather than to direct it.The main ally of the physician in assisting nature in this process was diet.Only if diet failed were drugs used, and surgery was a last resort.
The great philosopher Aristotle was the son of a medical man and a medical man himself, but his main influence on the development of European medicine was through his student, Theophrastus, called the “father of botany (植物学)”．He was the first known author in Europe of a classification system for plants with accompanying comments about their medicinal value.He described about 450 different medicinal plants.However, this text has not come down through history, and is only noted in later commentaries.
The first document of herbal medicine that is regarded as a medical classic in the European tradition was De Materia Medica by Dioscorides.Dioscorides was a surgeon accompanying the army.He travelled far, collected much information, and gained considerable medical experience.Dioscorides had recorded herb knowledge for 600 plants.The book’s pictures were considered the only authoritative ones for European medicinal plants for over 1,000 years.The work was translated into English in 1655, and continued to be the primary reference on European herbs.
Greek medicine continued to improve for several decades after Dioscorides, but it eventually began to stagnate.
( )1.The treatment of the Hippocratic physician ________.
A．usually didn’t fun_ction well
B．was based on the healing power of nature
C．tended to replace diet with drugs
D．relied heavily on surgery
( )2.What can we learn about Theophrastus from the passage?
A．He was a student of Hippocrates.
B．He is known as the “father of medicine”．
C．He used a system to classify plants.
D．He wrote a text that was proved wrong by later generations.
( )3.According to the passage, De Materia Medica by Dioscorides ________.
A．has not come down through history
B．recorded about 450 different medicinal plants
C．was originally written in English
D．promoted the development of European
medicine
( )4.The underlined word “stagnate” in the last paragraph probably means “________”．
A．stop developing B．keep growing
C．enjoy fame D．reduce expenses
【解题导语】草药的使用在欧洲也有很长的历史。本文介绍了希腊医学史上的一些重要人物及著作。
1．B 细节理解题。从第二段的“Treatment was based on the fundamental idea that nature had a strong healing force of its own, and that the main role of the physician was to assist nature in this healing process …”可知B项正确。
2．C 细节理解题。从第三段的“He was the first known author in Europe of a classification system for plants …”可知C项正确。
3．D 推理判断题。从第四段的“The first document of herbal medicine that is regarded as a medical classic in the European tradition was De Materia Medica by Dioscorides.”可知D项正确。
4．A 词义猜测题。从转折连词but和eventually可知，事情向前一分句所描述的相反的方向发展了，前一分句说古希腊的医学持续发展，此处应该是表示“终止、停滞”之类的词语。
Ⅲ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rules on How to be a Fit Kid
Being fit is a way of saying a person eats well, gets a lot of physical exercise, and has a healthy weight.__1__ If you’re a kid who wants to be fit, here are three rules to live by.
Eat a variety of foods.
You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety.__2__ Taste new foods and old ones you haven’t tried for a while.Some foods, such as green vegetables, are more pleasing the older you get.Shoot for at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day－two fruits and three vegetables.
__3__
What does it feel like to be full? When you’re eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full.Sometimes, people eat too much because they don’t notice when they need to stop eating.__4__ And over a period of time, overeating can lead to unhealthy weight gain.
Limit screen time.
What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV or DVDs, playing video games, and using the computer.The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time available for active stuff, like basketball, bike riding and swimming.__5__
These rules aren’t magic.However, follow them most of the time and you can become a fit kid sooner or later.
A．Drink water and milk.
B．Listen to your body.
C．Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.
D．There’re a lot of discussions these days about fit kids.
E．Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.
F．Ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly.
G．If you eat different foods, you’re more likely to get the nutrients your body needs.
【解题导语】本文叙述了如何才能保持做一个健康的孩子。一是吃各种各样的食物；二是听听你的身体需要什么营养；三是限制看电视或看电脑的时间。
1．D 根据 “If you’re a kid who wants to be fit, here are three rules to live by.” 可知，有许多关于孩子健康的讨论，故选D。
2．G 根据 “You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety.”可知，人们要吃不同的食物，以便你们能够得到身体需要的营养，故选G。
3．B 根据“When you’re eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full.”可知，听听你的身体需要什么，故选B。
4．C 根据前面的“people eat too much because they don’t notice when they need to stop eating”可知，如果吃得太多会让身体不舒服，故选C。
5．E 根据“Limit screen time.”可知，试图以看电视或电脑度过时间是一天不超过两个小时，故选E。
课件105张PPT。Period Five
Communication WorkshopⅠ.单词识记
1．____________adj.happening once a week
2．____________adj.lasting，acting，used for a time only
3．__________adj.not able to feel or move
4．________adj.connected with religion or with God or a god
5．________vt.to take sth away by forceweekly temporary numb sacred rob 6．_______ adj. (an illness) in the final stage before death
7．_________n．a metal，leather covering to protect the head
8．_______vi.to become less strong or less good
9．________n．the smallest possible number，quantity or the lowest level
10．____________n．an organization founded for a particular purposeterminal helmet decline minimum institution 11．_______vt.to fit out or provide with everything needed
12．________n．a large amount of money
13．_________n．a time by which sth must be done or finished
14．________vt.to offer
15．_________n．a motor vehicle for pulling especially agricultural machinery
16．____________n．anxietyequip fortune deadline submit tractor concern 17．______vi.to cast or record one's vote
18．__________adj.unwilling to believe
19．_______adj.unreasonable or ridiculous
20．____________n．a condition connected with an eventvote sceptical absurd circumstance Ⅱ.短语天地
1．无论如何；至少_________________
2．处于昏迷状态_____________________
3．回归正常________________
4．发财________________
5．绝望地________________at any rate in a comma－like state return to normal make a fortune in despair 6．live on________________
7．fall into________________
8．remain unconscious________________
9．apart from________________
10．rob sb of________________继续活着 陷入…… 依然不清醒 除……之外还有 抢劫某人的…… Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．Even though 15 years had passed，Terri's parents still believed that her coma was only temporary.
[信息提取] even though“即使”，引导让步状语从句
[例句仿写] 即使我现在离开，也太晚了。
______ now，it_____________.2．…it is generally agreed that a patient's chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma.
[信息提取] it is agreed that… 大家普遍认为……
[例句仿写] 大家普遍认为早起有利于身体健康。
______________getting up early ________ our health.3．…some patients recover slowly while others show little or no progress over a period of years.
[信息提取] while “而”，表对比
[例句仿写] 我喜欢音乐，而我姐喜欢体育。
I like music ________________ sports.
4．Even in less severe cases，doctors admit that they don't know if or how well patients will progress.
[信息提取] if在此意为“是否”
[例句仿写] 我不知道他是否会来。
I don't know _______________________.
【答案】1.Even though I leave；will be too late
2．It is agreed that；benefits
3．while my sister enjoys
4．whether he will come or notⅣ.预读理解
1．Fast reading：Tell the following statements true(T)or false(F)．
(1)Terri has spent 15 years in a comma－like state.( )
(2)Terri's parents didn't believe she would recover.( )
(3)The court finally approved the life machine being turned off.( )
(4)Doctors have fully understood comas and the process of recovery.( )
(5)Patients should be treated as well as possible.( )
【答案】(1)T (2)F (3)T (4)F (5)T2．Careful reading：Choose the best answer to the following each question.
(1)What would happen to Terri Schiavo when her life support machines were taken off？( )
A．She would die.
B．She would become worse.
C．She would come back to life.
D．She would blame her husband.(2)What was Terri's parents' attitude to the court decision？( )
A．They were angry.
B．They were satisfied.
C．They didn't know what to do.
D．They had to take immediate action.(3)What caused Terri fall into a coma？( )
A．Motorbike accidents.
B．Not wearing a helmet.
C．Heart trouble.
D．Sleeping all the time.(4)What about the patients when there is a minimum of harm to the brain？( )
A．There is nothing harmful to them.
B．They can often return to normal.
C．They will lose all their memory.
D．Their brain will become useless.(5)What is the author's reaction to the court decision？( )
A．He hates the decision.
B．He doesn't care about the decision.
C．He is strongly against the decision.
D．He is in favour of the decision.
【答案】(1)A (2)C (3)C (4)B (5)D1．weekly adj. 每周一次的常见的带－ly词尾的形容词还有monthly(每月的)，yearly(每年的)，lovely(可爱的)，lively(生动的)，friendly(友好的)，likely(可能的)，lonely(孤独的)，silly(愚蠢的)，orderly(整齐的)等。【拓展】
I'm so busy that I have to cancel my weekly visits.
我很忙，所以不得不取消每周的访问。
We have got a weekly wage.
我们已领了一周的工资。
【完成句子】
①新闻国际公司表示，他们将暂停发行每周出版的《世界新闻报》。
The company News International said it will stop publishing the ________ News of the World.
②本周的工作日程能确保你有足够的时间工作和玩耍。
________ ________ ________will ensure that you have enough time for both work and play.
【答案】①weekly ②This weekly schedule2．rob vt.
(1)抢劫；盗窃
Thieves robbed him of all his money.
窃贼抢走了他所有的钱。
The tomb had been robbed of its treasures.
这座坟墓里的财宝已被盗。(2)(非法)剥夺；使丧失
Her illness robbed her of the chance to play for her school.
生病使她失去代表学校参加比赛的机会。
A last－minute goal robbed the team of victory.
最后一分钟的进球剥夺了这支球队胜利的机会。rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物；剥夺某人所需/所得之物
robber n. 强盗，抢劫犯
robbery n. 盗窃；掠夺【拓展】【汉译英】
你剥夺了我的幸福。
_________________________________
【答案】You have robbed me of my happiness.3．decline v．下降；减少；衰退；拒绝
n．减少；下降；衰退
Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。
The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.
员工人数已从217 000人减少到114 000人。He offered the boys some coffee.They declined politely.
他要给男孩们来些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。
Thankfully the smoking of cigarettes is on the decline.
感谢的是吸烟正在减少。decline to do sth.拒绝做某事
in decline 在衰退中
on the decline 衰退中
a decline in… 在……方面的减少【拓展】
【完成句子】
①根据报告，一些城市的房价已经下降了30%。
According to the report, the house price in some cities________ ________ ________30%.
②我应该毫不犹豫拒绝这个职位。
I would have no hesitation in______ ______ ______.
③由于最近销量下降，利润也降低了。
Profits have________ ________ ________ ________ ________recent drop in sales.
【答案】①has declined by
②declining the post
③declined as a result of4. equip vt. 配备；装备；使有能力；使有准备
The hotel is fully equipped.
这家宾馆配备很完善。
A good education can equip you for life.
良好的教育可以使你受益终生。
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
此课程旨在使学生能胜任护理工作。equip…with… 给……配备……
equip…for… 使……为……有所准备；使……能胜任【拓展】注意： equipment是equip的名词形式，意为“配备，设备”，是不可数名词，若要表示“一件设备”，应用a piece of equipment。【汉译英】
①那是一家现代化、明亮且设备精良的医院。
【语法填空】
②After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment ________(damage)．
③There is not enough money to ________(equipment) them ________the latest computer systems.④A computer is the most important ________ (equip) you will buy.
【答案】①It was a modern，bright and well equipped hospital.
②was damaged
③equip；with
④equipment
5．fortune n．大笔钱财；巨款；命运；运气
The fortune sets him free from financial worries.
这笔钱使他摆脱财务困扰。
I have had good fortune to work with some brilliant directors.
我有幸与一些卓越的主管共事。
Fortunately, the boy was saved by two passers-by.
幸运的是，这个男孩被两个过路人救了。 (1)make a fortune发财
have good/bad fortune to do… 有幸/不幸做……
(2)fortunate adj.幸运的
(3)fortunately adv.幸运地
(4)unfortunately adv.不幸地【拓展】【完成句子】
①如何应对苦难是对你性格的真正考验。
How you________ ________is the true test of your character.
②在中国春节期间，给孩子们红包是为了在新年带给他们好运。
During the Spring Festival in China, children are given money in a red envelope to________ ________ ________in the New Year.
③她极为幸运地活了下来。
He was________ ________to survive.
【答案】①handle misfortune
②bring good fortune
③extremely fortunate6．submit v.
(1)提交；呈递
I submitted my resignation yesterday.
我昨天递交了辞呈。
(2)(使)屈服；(使)认输
We will submit ourselves to the court's judgement.
我们将服从法庭的判决。
Joe refuses to submit.乔决不屈服。submit proofs/a layout/our address
提交证据/提供草案/呈送我方寄信地址
submit sth to sb提交/呈递某物给某人
submit oneself to sb/sth顺从；屈服【拓展】【汉译英】
他只好让卫兵搜查。
_________________________________
【答案】He submitted himself to a search by the guards.7．concern
(1)n. [U]担心；担忧；关爱；关心 [C]由某人负责的事/担心的事
The money side of the business is your concern.
企业的财务管理是你的职责。
Parents' concern for their children is selfless unconditionally.
父母对子女的爱是绝对无私的。(2)vt. 涉及；与……有关；让……担忧
Don't care about what doesn't concern you.
不要关心与你无关的事情。
What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
让我担心的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。(1)concern后常接for/about/over/that 从句
have no concern for… 毫不关心……
concern oneself with/about sth.关心某事；担心某事
(2)concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；关切的；关注的；有关的
be concerned about/for担心；关心
as far as…be concerned 就……而言
(3)concerning prep.关于【拓展】How can you expect me not to be concerned about my own son?
你怎么能希望我不挂念我的儿子呢？
The individuals concerned have to do some explaining.
与此事有关的每一个人都得做出解释。
Police are anxious to hear any information concerning his whereabouts.
警方急于得悉任何有关他下落的消息。Rose has never been particularly concerned about what other people think of him.
罗斯对别人如何看待自己从来不太在意。
As far as I am concerned, the whole idea is crazy.
在我看来，这一想法十分荒唐。【汉译英】
①她已四天不见踪影，大家对她的安全很担心。
②所有与该事件有直接牵连的人现在均已辞职。
【答案】①She hasn't been seen for four days and there is concern for her safety.
②Everyone who was directly concerned with the incident has now resigned.8．vote n. 选举；投票；选票
vi. 投票；表决；选举
The matter will be decided by vote.
此事将投票表决。
My proposal was passed by 6 votes to 3.
我的提议以六票对三票获得通过。
Did you vote for or against her?
你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？
In that country，people get the vote at the age of 18.
在那个国家，人们年满十八岁获得选举权。vote on…对……进行表决
vote for/against… 投票支持/反对……
put sth to a/the vote付诸表决【拓展】
【汉译英】
主席要我们就这个计划进行表决。
【答案】The chairman asked us to vote on the plan.9．circumstance n. [C]情形；情况；经济状况in any circumstance(s) 在任何情况下
under no circumstances 无论如何不；决不(置于句首，句子要用倒装语序)【拓展】If circumstances permit，you may start the work next Friday.
如果情况许可的话，你下周五就可开始工作了。
Under/In no circumstances should we lend him any money.
我们决不能借给他一点钱。
Don't open the door in any circumstances.
在任何情况下都不要开门。
【汉译英】
我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。
【答案】I know I can trust her in any circumstance.1．fall into
(1)陷入某种状态
He fell into a deep sleep.
他睡得很沉。
Alone in London，without friends，work，or money，Tom fell into despair.
一个人在伦敦，没有朋友、工作，也没有钱，汤姆陷入绝望之中。(2)分成
His story falls into five parts.
他的故事分成五部分。
【完成句子】
我的谈话可以自然分成三个部分。
My talk _________ naturally ___________.
【答案】falls；into three parts2．due to 由于；因为；应付；预期
The team's success was largely due to her efforts.
该队的成绩在很大程度上是由于她的努力。due for sth应得到/应有某物
due to do sth预定/约定/预期做某事【拓展】The meeting isn't due to start until three o'clock.
会议预定要到3点钟才开始。
I'm due for a pay rise soon.
不久就该给我加工资了。
【完成句子】
Rose _____________ in January.
罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。
【答案】is due to start school
3．at times有时候
I do feel a little lonely at times.
有时我确实感觉有点孤独。
She was difficult to understand at times.
有时她难以让人理解。at a time在……时候；逐一；依次
at the same time同时；尽管如此
at the time当时；那时候
at this time此时此刻
at no time在任何时候都不；从来没有
at one time曾经；一度
at all times随时；一直【拓展】【完成句子】
①He can be really bad－tempered ________(有时)．
②She ran up the stairs two________(一次，每次)．
③She was laughing and crying __________(一起)．
④I am ready to help you ________ (随时)．
【答案】①at times ②at a time ③at the same time ④at all times4．agree with同意；与……相符
They might not agree with his opinions.
他们也许不同意他的观点。
I agree with what you said.
我同意你的话。
In a way I agree with Mike.
从某种意义上来说，我同意迈克。
Your account of the accident does not agree with hers.
你对事故的叙述与她的叙述不一致。agree to同意(某一建议，安排等)
agree on/upon就……取得一致意见；在……达成共识
agree to do sth同意做某事
agree that… 同意(……是事实或应当如何)【拓展】【补全句子】
①I love strawberries，but they don't __________ me.
②Can we ________________ a date?
③Do you think he'll _______ their proposal?
④He ______________ them about the need for change.
【答案】①agree with ②agree on ③agree to ④agreed with1．Even though 15 years had passed，Terri's parents still believed that her coma was only temporary.
即便15年过去了，特瑞的父母仍然相信她的昏迷状态只是暂时的。
【句式分析】
本句为一个主从复合句，even though等于even if，意为“即便，即使”，引导让步状语从句。(1)让步状语从句由though，although，as，whether，even if，even though，while，however，whatever，no matter how/what/who等引导。
(2)as(虽然，尽管)引导让步状语从句时，须将表语、状语等提前，其他成分保持陈述句语序，名词提前时，去掉冠词。though引导从句时，表语、状语等可提前，也可不提前。【拓展】【单项选择】
①—Look at those clouds!
—Don't worry. ________ it rains, we'll still have a great time.
A．Even if B．As though
C．In case D．If only
②This is a very interesting book.I'll buy it，________.
A．how much may it cost
B．no matter how it may cost
C．however much it may cost
D．how may it cost【完成句子】
③尽管这对夫妇终于宣布离婚了，但是他们表明他们会把儿子的幸福放在第一位。
_______________________， they said they would put their son's happiness at the first place.
④虽然没有人在听，比尔还是继续往下讲。
Bill went on talking ______________. 【答案】①A 考查状语从句连接词。even if 即便，as though似乎，in case 以防，if only要是……多好。
②C however在此引导让步状语从句。此空也可填no matter how much it may cost。
③Even if the couple finally announced their divorce
④even though no one was listening
2．…it is generally agreed that a patient's chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma.
人们普遍认为病人陷入昏迷的时间越长恢复的机会就会越小。
【句式分析】
此句中it作形式主语，that从句置于句末为主语从句。
It is still unknown when the final decision will be made.
目前还不知道什么时候会作出最后决定。【语法填空】
①It suddenly occurred to him________ he had left his keys in the office.
②________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
【汉译英】
③人们可以很方便地利用微信来表达心声，交流想法。【答案】①that 此句是occur to sb(想到； 想起)的典型句式，是学习occur单词的一个重点方面。that这里是做主语从句的连接词。
②It it在此作形式主语，指代that引导的主语从句。
③It's very convenient for people to express their feelings and exchange their thoughts by We Chat.
3．Even in less severe cases，doctors admit that they don't know if or how well patients will progress.
甚至在不严重的病例中，医生承认他们不知道病人是否好转，取得多大进展。【句式分析】
if此处作“是否”讲，在动词后引导宾语从句时，可以与whether换用(discuss后只能用whether)。
Please see if the children are dressed for school.
请看一下孩子们是否穿好衣服要去上学了。(if＝whether)whether与if都意为“是否”时，其区别如下：
(1)if不和or not连用，而whether可以；
(2)与不定式连用时，只用whether；
(3)引导同位语从句时，只用whether；
(4)引导表语从句时，只用whether；
(5)引导主语从句且置于句首时，只用whether。【拓展】I wonder whether or not she will come.
我想知道她是否会来。
I don't know whether to answer it.
我不知是否要回答它。
The question is whether he'll come on time.
问题在于他是否会按时过来。【连词填空】
①It doesn't matter ________ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
②At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ________ it got any better.
【答案】①whether 考查名词性从句。It doesn't matter whether…无论是否……
②if/whether 句意：开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但是还是决定给自己几个月时间看看是否能好一点。【话题短语】
relax oneself 放松自己
breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气
build our bodies 增强体质
take exercise 锻炼身体
keep fit 保持健康
physical fitness 身体健康人类健康do good to one's health 对某人的健康有好处
do harm to one's health 对某人的健康有害处
quit/give up smoking 戒烟
food poisoning 食物中毒
sleep disorder 睡眠不好
a thorough examination 全面检查
an eye test 视力检查take one's temperature 量体温
fitness center 健康中心
form the habit of getting up early 养成早起的习惯
get rid of the bad habit of smoking 改掉抽烟的坏习惯
go on a diet 节食
lose weight 减肥
be in poor/good health 身体不适的/身体健康的have a balanced diet 有着平衡的饮食
stay away from…远离……
junk food 垃圾食品
reach a balance between study and exercise 在学习和锻炼之间达到一个平衡
on a regular basis 定期地；有规律地
do exercise regularly 定期锻炼【话题句式】
1．Good health is over wealth.
健康是最大的财富。
2．A contented mind is a perpetual feast.
知足常乐。
3．This activity aims to arouse people's awareness of the bad effect of smoking.
此次活动旨在唤醒人们对吸烟危害的认识。4．Only when you are in poor health will you realize the importance of health.
只有当你身体状况不好时你才会意识到健康的重要性。
5．I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.
我深信预防胜于治疗。6．We need to live a regular life.That is to say, we can keep good hours.
我们生活需要有规律。也就是说，早睡早起。
7．In order to keep healthy, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking.
为了保持身体健康，我们应当改掉吸烟的坏习惯。【经典范例】
有报道表明，中国中学生的健康状况已经不如以前。你作为一名中学生，请结合本人实际及以下提示写一篇短文，分析原因，提出合理建议，说明中学生应当如何保持身体健康：
1．饮食
2．生活习惯
3．睡眠注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好。
It is reported that Chinese middle school students are not as healthy as they used to be.There are quite a few reasons for this situation.
_________________________________
_________________________________【范文】
It is reported that Chinese middle school students are not as healthy as they used to be.There are quite a few reasons for this situation.Firstly, we often eat too much meat, sugar, or junk food.It's our healthy diet that can keep us fit.We are supposed to balance our diet.We should take in more fruit and vegetables which are abundant in vitamins.Secondly, some of us kill time by playing computer games, watching TV and surfing the Internet, which contribute to being overweight.It is essential to get rid of those bad habits and take more exercise.It goes without saying that outdoor activities can save us from being overweight.Thirdly, some often work deep into the night.But teenagers should sleep for at least 8 hours a day.Early to bed and early to rise.
As middle school students, we should take it seriously and immediate action should be taken to cope with the problem.Health is the guarantee of everything.【写作指导】
本文要求从饮食、生活习惯以及睡眠三个方面来分析并说明中学生应该如何保持身体健康。因此，对每一个要点的写作都要言简意赅，论述重点内容。另外，三个要点之间要运用适当的连接词或句式来衔接，以使文章意思通顺。思路导引：
1．饮食方面：中学生吃太多肉类、高糖食物及垃圾食物，暴饮暴食；故应该平衡饮食结构，多吃水果蔬菜。
2．生活习惯方面：中学生花太多时间看电视、上网，因此肥胖问题较多；应当摆脱不良生活习惯，多锻炼。
3．睡眠方面：中学生应当早睡早起，劳逸结合。
4．结束语。【句式练习】
1．根据提示翻译句子
①让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思。(使用强调句)
②强烈建议使用过的，仍处于良好状态的课本，不是被扔掉而是被回收。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
③不用说，每个人都有必要牢记并严格遵守交通规则。(It goes without saying that)【答案】①It was what he meant rather than what he said that annoyed me.
②It is strongly suggested that those used textbooks, which are still in good condition, not be thrown but recycled.
③It goes without saying that it is necessary for everyone to keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly.2．一句多译：每个人都应该学做有责任心的市民，这是非常重要的。
①_________________________________
②_________________________________
③_________________________________
【答案】①It is very important for everyone to learn to become a responsible citizen.
②Everyone should learn to become a responsible citizen, which is very important.
③Everyone should learn to become a responsible citizen, which is of great importance.【写作练笔】
俗话说，“We are what we eat”。根据以下要点提示，以“Healthy diet” 为题为某英语报社写一篇英语短文：
1．健康饮食的重要性；
2．健康饮食的含义；
3．其他对健康重要的因素。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。One possible version：
Healthy diet
There is no denying that healthy diet is of great importance for us.First of all, it is good for keeping fit.Besides, we are able to carry out learning and working effectively.Moreover, it can promote our quality and standard of living.Above all, we should know what healthy diet is.A proper diet structure is a must.For example, it is necessary to eat a great number of green vegetables and fruits.In addition, we are supposed to pay attention to that the food，which is full of high fat, sugar and salt, is harmful to our health.Thus we can't emphasize the importance of healthy diet too much.
Besides, a good mood and doing proper sports are important to our health as well.Unit 21 Human Biology
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分35分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pal’s number, operate your computer? This is not a fantasy.A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created clothes that have a mind of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have invented a fabric (织物) that can be mixed with electronic materials to create intelligent clothing.
If you think the wearer has to carry wires, think again.These clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic devices, these high-tech clothes have to be powered.At present, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose.But the researchers hope that in the near future, the clothes will produce electricity by using body heat.These clothes are 100 percent shock-proof (抗震的), they say.
The Electrotextiles team has also created the world’s first cloth keyboard.This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirts.To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These “laptap” devices are all set to take over laptop computers!
Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone.This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably — with both hands on the wheel! Other popular electronic wear includes the denim jacket (牛仔夹克) and the electronic ski-jacket with a built-in heater.The ski-jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite.This technology is known as global positioning and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.
Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started work on a new project — a necktie that can be used as a computer’s mouse.What next? Do you have any ideas?
( )1.The first sentence of the passage is designed to ________.
A．tell us technology is developing fast
B．get the readers interested in the topic
C．make us believe in the author’s idea
D．make us have a dream for the future
( )2.Which of the following is TRUE about an electronic cloth?
A．We can see wires in it. B．It can be washed.
C．It is made of common cloth. D．It is still a fantasy.
( )3.According to the passage, which of the following has come true?
A．Using body heat to produce electricity.
B．A necktie acting as a computer mouse.
C．Cloth keyboard.
D．Skirt computer.
【解题导语】本文讲述了几项新的发明，有的已经研制成功，有的正在研制中。
1．B 目的意图题。开篇用设问的形式提出新鲜事物，引起读者的阅读兴趣。
2．B 细节理解题。由第二段可知，电子布料可以洗。
3．C 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知，布料键盘已经研制成功，其他还未实现。
B
Meet Ben Saunders: adventurer, athlete, motivational speaker.Ben, at the age of 23, was the youngest man to ski solo (单人滑雪) to the North Pole.He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge (雪橇) over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions.This year, as well as planning a return to the Arctic, Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge.
Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure.“Everything that could go wrong did go wrong.We were attacked by a bear.We started running out of food.It was just desperate. And we didn’t get to the Pole; we didn’t get there, so we had no media interest.No one heard about it: no book deal, and no speaking.I was so unhappy.”
People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole.I said, “No, I can get there，” and I did.Self-belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle — it’s my belief that the more you stretch (伸展) yourself the stronger it gets.If you never do anything that’s uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.So that’s one of the lessons I’ve figured out along the way.The thing that I’ve stretched and tested is my self-belief.
“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that’s what is exciting to me.If I knew it was possible, if I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn’t be interested.” Why? “Personally I’m attracted by the human performance element to it.Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldn’t be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one next year.”
People’s horizons (见识) are changing.“I’m not particularly gifted, and I’m absolutely average.I’ve just chosen this one goal to achieve and I’ve been working hard to realize it.That’s it.And that’s the thing that attracts me: with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go? And I don’t think I’ve found out yet.”
( )4.What do we know about Ben Saunders’ first adventure?
A．There was no press coverage.
B．It was supported by his company.
C．It was well planned and organized.
D．He actually reached the North Pole.
( )5.According to Ben Saunders, if you want to stretch your self-belief, you should ________.
A．often test your confidence B．try something adventurous
C．aim to reach the North Pole D．always stretch your muscles
( )6.Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure because ________.
A．he liked running a marathon B．he wanted to exercise his body
C．he knew it might be achievable D．he was sure he could do it easily
( )7.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．We have to change our views about adventure.
B．We can never know our possibilities and energies.
C．We should have a reason for going on an adventure.
D．We have to be especially talented to have an adventure.
【解题导语】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了极地探险家Ben Saunders。
4．A 细节理解题。由第二段中的“we didn’t get there, so we had no media interest”可知，在Ben Saunders的第一次北极探险中，由于他们没有到达北极，所以没有引起媒体的关注。
5．B 推理判断题。由第三段中的“If you never do anything that’s uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.”可知，Ben Saunders认为，如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情，那么你的自我信念就会变弱，因此，如果想增强自我信念，就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。
6．C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that’s what is exciting to me.”可知，令Ben Saunders感到兴奋的是他的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的。
7．B 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go? And I don’t think I’ve found out yet”可知，我们永远不会知道我们能走多远，我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。
C
Imagine passenger pigeons (旅鸽) flying the skies over the United States.See Tasmanian tigers running through the Great Australian Desert, Caribbean monk seals swimming in the Gulf of Mexico, and the dodo walking around the islands of the Indian Ocean.Can’t picture it? That’s because all of these animals are extinct for now.
In the past few weeks, the phrase “de-extinction”(灭绝动物复活)has risen in the scientific community.Thanks to recent developments in genetic research, researchers are now able to bring extinct species back to life.At a Technology, Entertainment, and Design (TED) Talk in Washington D．C．last week, a team of scientists suggested a wide variety of species that can be revived (恢复)．
Sounds impossible? But, surprisingly, the technology needed to bring these animals back already exists.In 2000, the Pyrenean ibex, a goat that lived in the French Pyrenees, died out, but in 2003 scientists were able to create a clone from a live tissue sample taken before the goat’s disappearance.Unfortunately, the clone only lived for seven minutes, but the experiment opened the door for bringing back extinct species.
But de-extinction still faces many challenges.One of the biggest challenges is where to put them.If we are going to bring these extinct species back to life, what are we going to do with them? Will they go into zoos, or should we offer them the areas in which they once existed? More importantly, do their habitats still exist in the same manner as in the time they went extinct? Many species in the 19th and 20th centuries went extinct due to rapid habitat change, so if we bring them back, there is no guarantee they would exist again in today’s world.
What’s more, bringing extinct species back to life may lessen the importance of our current wildlife conservation.Isn’t it more important to focus on conserving existing species? Why bother with extinct species when there are so many living ones that need our help now?
( )8.Through de-extinction, scientists can________.
A．find the reasons for extinction
B．draw pictures of extinct animals
C．create many new species of animals
D．bring back animals that have died out
( )9.The author mentions the cloning of the Pyrenean ibex to ________.
A．explain how cloning technology works
B．explain why clones live very short lives
C．show de-extinction is technically possible
D．show many animals are in danger of extinction
( )10.According to Paragraph 4, if extinct animals are revived, they________.
A．will be a new threat to humans
B．may become extinct once again
C．can live very well in today’s world
D．will help keep the balance of nature
【解题导语】科学家现在能够让已经灭绝的动物复活，但这些复活的动物可能会因为不适应环境再次灭绝。因此作者主张把精力集中在保护濒危动物上，而不应该在恢复灭绝动物上费心。
8．D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“researchers are now able to bring extinct species back to life”可知，科学家们现在能够让已经灭绝的动物复活。
9．C 推理判断题。第三段先提到“the technology needed to bring these animals back already exists”，然后举克隆羊试验成功的例子，再结合本段末的“the experiment opened the door for bringing back extinct species”可知，举这个例子是为了说明恢复灭绝动物从技术角度讲是可行的。
10．B 细节理解题。由第四段末的“there is no guarantee they would exist again in today’s world”可知，已经灭绝的动物被恢复后可能会因为不适应环境而再次灭绝。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Communication
People learn and share information through communication.All forms of communication have one thing in common: the sending and receiving of a message.Using different kinds of communication, people can pass along their ideas and feelings to just one person or to millions.
__11__ Animals communicate through sounds, scents (气味), and acts.Computers communicate with other computers through electronic networks.
People communicate through languages, both spoken and written.__12__ Written language includes books, newspapers, and e-mail.
People also communicate without words.Body and face movements show feelings.Deaf people use hand movements called sign language.
The arts are also a form of communication.__13__
The first modern humans appeared about 200,000 years ago.They likely used sounds, movements, and then speech.About 30,000 years ago humans started making paintings and sculptures on the walls of caves.
Humans invented writing more than 5,000 years ago.The ancient Sumerian people developed the first known script (文字), called cuneiform (楔形文字)．Then the ancient Egyptians developed a picture-based writing called hieroglyphics (象形文字)．The invention of the printing press in the 1400s was a major advance in written communication.__14__
Telecommunication is communication over long distances.In ancient times pigeons carried written messages.Before trains and cars, messengers on foot or on horseback carried letters.__15__ Since then, telecommunication has become faster thanks to television, telephones, and the Internet.
A．It let printers quickly make copies of a text.
B．Communication is not only a human activity.
C．Public postal services started in the 1500s and 1600s.
D．Spoken language includes conversations and speeches.
E．Spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors.
F．Photographs, paintings, music, and movies can communicate feelings as well as facts.
G．Modern technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical technologies.
【解题导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了交流的定义、种类及通信的发展历史。
11．B 由该空后的“Animals communicate through sounds …”和“Computers communicate with other computers …”可知，B项“交流不仅仅是人类的活动”符合此处语境。
12．D 由该空前的“both spoken and written”和该空后的“Written language includes books, newspapers, and e-mail.”可知，设空处是对口头语言的描述。
13．F 由该空前的“The arts are also a form of communication.”可知，F项内容“照片、绘画、音乐和电影也可以传达情感”符合此处语境。
14．A 由该空前的“The invention of the printing press”可知，印刷术使得快速复制文本成为可能。
15．C 由该空前的“In ancient times”和“Before trains and cars”以及该空后的“Since then”可知，C项“公共邮政服务开始于16、17世纪”符合此处语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We humans experience two kinds of limitations: physical and mental.
I had a remarkable __16__ with Nancy, who was a __17__ of M．S.(多发性神经硬化症), about physical limitations.She could no longer __18__ and spent her waking hours in a wheelchair.
“I’m not confined (限制) to a wheelchair，” she insisted.“It doesn’t confine me.It sets me __19__.”
“Before I got my wheelchair，” she continued, “I had trouble __20__.Now I can go places! People confined to a room or a bed are usually __21__.They spend their lives with a __22__ heart.So what I want to do is set them free.”
Because of her __23__， Nancy now helps people find ways of __24__ more physical freedom.But we humans suffer from other kinds of limitations, too.We need free ourselves from __35__ attitudes.
Almost everybody walks around with a vast burden (负担) of imaginary limitations inside his __36__.While the burden remains, personal success is difficult to __27__.
What burden of limiting beliefs and attitudes are you walking around with? Do you ever say, “I can’t __28__ this”？ Do you believe other people can __29__ the good things of life or simply be happy, but not you? These patterns of __30__ are as much of a burden as a bag of rocks tied to your back.
Okay, certain limitations are a part of our __31__.You may be more able to see those that are __32__.After all, mental limitations can be __33__ hidden.But when you __34__ limiting attitudes and beliefs, you’ll discover __35__ you never dreamed of.You’ll do things you never thought you could do and you’ll be truly free!
( )16.A．party B．competition
C．conversation D．agreement
( )17.A．reporter B．doctor
C．scientist D．sufferer
( )18.A．sleep B．walk
C．listen D．talk
( )19.A．free B．back
C．aside D．off
( )20.A．staying up B．turning around
C．getting around D．waking up
( )21.A．cruel B．strange
C．calm D．depressed
( )22.A．hard B．heavy
C．warm D．big
( )23.A．disease B．fault
C．failure D．carelessness
( )24.A．loving B．wanting
C．gaining D．demanding
( )25.A．correct B．casual
C．public D．negative
( )26.A．hand B．head
C．home D．coat
( )27.A．lose B．measure
C．achieve D．remember
( )28.A．change B．review
C．forget D．guess
( )29.A．understand B．experience
C．prevent D．damage
( )30.A．discussing B．speaking
C．writing D．thinking
( )31.A．life B．journey
C．challenge D．program
( )32.A．perfect B．exact
C．physical D．simple
( )33.A．really B．easily
C．accidentally D．eventually
( )34.A．get rid of B．make fun of
C．come up with D．live up to
( )35.A．friendship B．knowledge
C．duties D．powers
【解题导语】生理缺陷会使我们行动不便，而思维缺陷会使我们消极。当我们克服思维上的缺陷后，我们会发现自己真的有无限的潜能。
16．C 下文就是作者跟Nancy“谈话(conversation)”的内容。
17．D 由下文谈到的Nancy的状况判断：她是一个多发性神经硬化症“患者(sufferer)”。
18．B 从本空后的“in a wheelchair”可知，她无法“走路(walk)”。
19．A 由下文的“Now I can go places！”可知，Nancy认为有了轮椅后她更“自由(free)”了。set free“使获得自由”。
20．C 由“Now I can go places！”可知，没有轮椅前，Nancy无法“来回活动(getting around)”。
21．D 卧病在床的那些人情绪应该是比较“低落的(depressed)”。
22．B 情绪低落，心情自然也就很“沉重(heavy)”。
23．A 因为Nancy有患“病(disease)”的经历，她现在正帮助人们“获得(gaining)”更多的自由。
24．C 参见上题解析。
25．D 我们需要把自己从“消极的(negative)”态度中解放出来。
26．B 思维的缺陷应该是在“头部(head)”中。
27．C 只要这种负担存在，成功就很难“实现(achieve)”。
28．A 此处是举几个消极无奈的表现的例子，由此可知这里是说“我”无力“改变(change)”这件事。
29．B 你相信别人能够“经历(experience)”美好的事情，而你却不行吗？
30．D 上文举的例子都是一个人的消极“想法(thinking)”。
31．A 有些缺陷是“生活(life)”的一部分。
32．C “生理(physical)”缺陷与下文的“mental limitations”作对比。
33．B 思维上的缺陷“容易(easily)”隐藏。
34．A 但是，当你真的能“克服(get rid of)”这种思维缺陷时，你就能获得巨大的力量。
35．D 由下文“You’ll do things you never thought you could do…”可知，你能获得巨大的“力量(powers)”。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cinderella is the new live-action Disney movie 36.________(base) on the fairy tale Cinderella by Charles Perrault.This film version is not a direct remake of the 1950 Walt Disney movie, 37.________ follows the same storyline.The movie tells the tale of Ella, a girl 38.________ family has experienced unexpected changes.Her father remarries a pretty woman who is cruel.When Ella’s father 39.________(sudden) falls ill and passes away, her stepmother abuses her kindness and makes her a servant.But 40.________ invitation to a palace ball offers Ella a chance to change her life forever.
The newly produced movie is 41.________ (differ) enough to breathe some freshness into this popular fairy tale, but retains (保留) some elements to make 42.________ interesting.There are some funny scenes with the cat and Ella’s mice friends, which add the right touch of comedy.The film, while it includes some darker scenes sometimes, is light and cheerful.
43．________ makes Cinderella so wonderful is that while it maintains the magic and charm of the animated (动画的) film, it also builds on the characters so that the story has more 44.________ (deep) and emotion.In the new film, we get to see the life Ella lived before she 45.________ (treat) badly by her stepmother and stepsisters.It makes the story interesting and the struggle more beautiful.Ella is strong, kind and honest.She has pity even for those who treat her badly, and her perseverance is so moving.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了电影《灰姑娘》的故事情节、影片的魅力等内容。
36．based 分析句子结构可知，此处为过去分词短语作定语。(be) based on…“以……为基础”，是固定用法。
37．but 上下文之间是转折关系，应填连词but。
28．whose 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a girl”，且在从句中作定语，因此填关系代词whose。
29．suddenly 修饰动词应用副词suddenly。
40．an 此处表示泛指，且invitation的发音是以元音音素开头的，故用an。
41．different 该空在be动词之后作表语，故应填形容词different。
42．it 此处指代上文提到的“The newly produced movie”，故用it。
43．What 分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，因此该空填What。
44．depth 这里用名词作宾语，且与emotion并列。
45．was treated 这部新电影让我们了解了Ella在被继母和继母的女儿们虐待之前的生活。treat这一动作发生在lived之后，lived用了一般过去时，此处也要用一般过去时。Ella与treat之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是李梅，你的好朋友Susan 前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你，新的学校生活在刚开始时不容易适应，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1.学好英语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；
2.多交一些朋友；
3.积极参加各种活动。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Susan，
Yours，
Li Mei
【答案】
One possible version：
Dear Susan，
I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life in American， but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.
Firstly， you should work hard at English， which can give you more opportunities to communicate with others. Secondly， why not make some friends？ They can help you to know more about America. Thirdly， it would be a good idea if you take an active part in all kinds of activities， which will help to make life more interesting.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours，
Li Mei
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Sometimes people complain that getting to work in a big city is no easy matter， just like the popular saying goes， “Taking a bus is too crowded， getting a taxi is too expensive， buying a car is not practical.” It seems that traffic jams and cities go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic； however， like the weather， no one seems to do anything about it. Needless to say， traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. However， there are indeed some things you can do to reduce the time you spend in traffic jams.
For example， the highway is not always the fastest way to get from Point A to Point B. Research the area and check online maps to see if you can find a shorter route to work， which usually flows more smoothly during rush hour and can help reduce much of your driving time. From the above you may know that alternative route is of great importance.
Let's take another example. Most of the population works from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.， which means that the majority of traffic jams happen around 7 a.m.， and 6 p.m. So if you want to avoid a traffic jam， talk to your manager about arriving at the office earlier and leaving earlier. If some of us and companies can do like this， the conditions of heavy traffic can be changed in a way.
Finally， you can take gymnastic， dance or yoga classes after work to avoid traffic jams. Actually， there are many reasons for us to take exercises classes and to the gym， instead of shopping and entertaining friends after work. This is a clever solution that can also help people improve their health and meet others with similar interests.
【答案】
One possible version：
People in big cities frequently meet the problem of traffic jam(要点1). The author proposes three suggestions to help us better cope with the matter(要点2). People ought to make use of online maps that are originally devised for finding a shortcut(要点3). Negotiation between companies and staff concerning working time is recommended(要点4). People are encouraged to do something beneficial like exercise to avoid the jam(要点5).
课件8张PPT。If people are comparing themselves to unrealistic representations of the human body，it is not surprising that health problems arise.However，in recent years，methods dealing with weight problems and negative body image have developed and improved.In the past，there was more focus on finding the best way to achieve ideal body shapes，and diets were a key part of the strategy.But problems caused by diets are now better understood.Many diets leave people lacking nutrition and even if that sometimes causes rapid weight loss，it certainly doesn't lead to improved health.Research has shown that up to 95 percent of diets don't work at all.Instead，they get people obsessed with food and regularly cause psychological problems.These problems are more widely recognised these days and as a result，extreme or unusual diets are less likely to be encouraged by doctors.Instead，the focus is turned toward healthy and balanced eating，and toward attitudes.A new idea—the concept of “healthy weight”—has come to replace the concept of the “ideal weight”．Included in this new concept is a better understanding of the variety of human forms and an acceptance of different body types.Nowadays doctors and advisers know that when a person shows dissatisfaction with their body shape，it isn't because their body is necessarily the wrong shape—it's often because they have a problem with their self－confidence.Helping that person get their ideal body shape isn't the most helpful thing to do.Rather，helping them to build up self－confidence and encouraging them to live a healthy lifestyle is more likely to lead to positive results.At the end of the day，with major health problems arising from obesity and from unhealthy obsessions with ideal body shapes，it is crucially important that health becomes people's focus.In a world full of fake images and unrealistic role－models，it's easy to forget that our bodies are not just something to look at—they have a job to do.It's very simple really.To lead a healthy，active life，you need a healthy，active body.1．佳句仿写
①莎士比亚把世界比作了舞台。
②让别人久等是不礼貌的。
③今年你可能去伦敦吗？
【答案】①Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
②It is bad manners to leave others waiting so long.
③Are you likely to be in London this year?
2．翻译佳句
翻译画线句子。
【答案】更确切地说，帮助他们建立自信，鼓励他们过一种健康的生活方式更有可能起到积极的效果。
