2020年广东省中考英语复习专项训练-阅读理解（含答案）

2020广东省中考英语专项训练
阅读理解
一
House fires often happened. So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protect family from them. The following poster (海报)in the neighborhood will tell you how to do it.
Fire Safety
Put a smoke alarm in your house and test it every month. Half of all house fire deaths happen between 11 pm and 7 am. The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smoke alarms. Make sure your hearing aid(助听器), wheelchair or eyeglasses are next to your bed. Fire can spread through a house soon. You may have as little as two minutes to escape (逃离)safely. Be ready to act at once.
Make a fire escape plan. 77% of families don't have a house fire escape plan to follow. That’s one of the reasons why at least one child dies and 293 children are injured(受伤)in a house fire every day. Don't call 119 until you are safely outside. During a fire, the first thing to do is to get out of the house as fast as you can.

(　　)1. ________ makes the risk of dying in a house fire smaller.
A. A smoke alarm B. A pair of eyeglasses
C. A wheelchair D. A hearing aid
(　　)2. We may have only ________ to escape from a house fire safely.
A. half an hour B. 2 minutes
C. 293 seconds D. 7 hours
(　　)3. According to the poster, ________ can help save you from a house fire.
A. stopping the fire from spreading
B. sleeping between 11 pm and 7 am
C. making and following a plan to escape
D. putting a phone next to your bed
(　　)4. Call 119 for help ________.
A. after you get outside safely
B. as soon as you are ready to escape
C. when you find out what causes the house fire
D. as soon as the fire alarm rings
(　　)5. The poster is put up in the neighborhood to help people learn to ________.
A. plan their lives as they wish
B. save time as much as possible
C. make a fire in a house
D. protect themselves in a right way

二
Seeing blood in a horror movie might make you cover your eyes, but real blood isn't scary at all. In fact, blood is the gift of life and keeps us alive. That's why blood donors are considered lifesavers.
Blood donors are those giving blood—usually about 200 ml at a time—to blood banks or blood donation centers. Then the blood can be used for people in need. For example, someone may have lost blood in accidents, or have a serious illness that requires his blood to be replaced. Hospitals and blood banks store the blood and try to keep enough on hand.
Donating blood is not difficult. Medical workers ask donors several questions to make sure the blood is safe to use. Then the donors relax, often reading a magazine or talking as their blood is drawn. After that, the donors may receive some juice or water and maybe fruit to give them energy. The process is simple, not scary. Most people are able to donate blood again in several months if they wish.
To give blood, a person must be at least 18 years old and must meet certain other requirements(要求).
Students of all ages, though, can learn more about the donation process by visiting a local blood donation center. Donating blood is not only one of the easiest ways to save lives. It is also an easy way to help a community.
(　　)1. Donated blood may not be kept in ________.
A. hospitals B. blood banks
C. human bodies D. blood donation centers
(　　)2. The writer thinks blood donating process is ______.
A. scary B. expensive
C. unusual D. easy
(　　)3. From the passage we might guess that ________.
A. everyone is able to donate blood
B. people under 18 is not allowed to give blood
C. blood donors can get some money after giving blood
D. students of all ages can donate blood
(　　)4. The underlined word “donors” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. 捐赠者 B. 收藏者
C. 研究者 D. 使用者
(　　)5. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. Giving Blood Is Simple
B. Blood Is Not Scary
C. Blood Donation
D. Most People Can Give Blood

三
You think it's “cool” to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don't know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them, they can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.
Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to headaches, back, neck and arm pain.
For example, if it is carried on one shoulder, a heavy backpack forces your back to balance the weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life. Over 50% of teenagers suffer back pain. Research shows that this could be mainly caused by improper use of backpacks.
Here's some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.
Choose the right backpack. Forget leather(皮革)! It looks great, but it's far too heavy. Pick a canvas(帆布)pack that has two wide, adjustable straps(带子), with plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits your body.
Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10—15 percent of your body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside.
Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust(调整)the straps. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend(弯曲)at the knees.
The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder.
Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain or weakness in your arms and legs any more.
(　　)1. ______could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years.
A. Too much homework
B. Poor treatment for backs
C. Improper use of backpacks
D. Unhealthy sleep position
(　　)2. The underlined word “load” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. 道路 B. 下载
C. 目标 D. 负荷
(　　)3. Which of the following does the writer not suggest?
A. Choose leather backpacks because it looks “cool” to go to school.
B. Pick a pack that its size is suitable for your body.
C. Make sure the backpack contains only what is needed for that day.
D. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and put little ones outside.
(　　)4. If a boy weighs 40 kg, his filled backpack should be ________ at most.
A. 4 kg B. 6 kg C. 10 kg D. 15 kg
(　　)5. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. some problems that teenagers face in their study at school
B. the suitable backpack material that you should choose
C. the good influence that backpacks have on your health
D. some advice on how to carry backpacks comfortably and safely

四
Do you use memes(表情包)to talk with your friends online? Memes are sometimes more fun to use than words.
Here are some popular ones.
In the first meme，a duck is looking at something. Actress Zhou Dongyu’s face is a bit similar to the little duck's face. Many Internet users find it funny to compare their faces. In the second meme， Nick Young is smiling with a confused expression(疑惑的表情)with question marks around his head. Young plays in the NBA for the Golden State Warriors. He made this expression on a TV show after his mother called him a clown(小丑).
In the third meme， Mo Gutou is pointing to himself and saying “Are you talking to me？” The cartoon character's expression is from a human face. Now many people like making their own special expressions online and those expressions become popular memes.
In the last meme，Yue Yunpeng is covering his mouth with his left hand. He looks surprised. Many Internet users think this meme is lively.

(　　)1. Zhou Dongyu's ________ is a bit similar to the little duck's.
A. nose B. mouth
C. face D. head
(　　)2. Nick Young made the popular expression for the first time ________.
A. in the basketball game B. on a TV show
C. at home D. online
(　　)3. Mo Gutou is ________ and saying “Are you talking to me？”
A. pointing to himself B. looking at something
C. covering his mouth D. smiling
(　　)4. Many Internet users think Yue Yunpeng's meme is ________.
A. lively B. cute
C. surprising D. funny
(　　)5. This passage is mainly about ________.
A. famous people B. lovely animals
C. popular memes D. TV shows

五
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB)opened on October 24， 2018. It's the longest cross-sea turns in the world. The bridge is 55 kilometers long. It connects Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai. Construction(建筑工程)on the HZMB began in 2009.
The HZMB is the only one in many ways. It can withstand wind speeds of up to 185 km/h and earthquakes with magnitude(震级)of up to 8. It's designed to have a service life(寿命)of 120 years， 20 years longer than most bridges.
And It's not just a bridge， but also part tunnel(隧道) and part island. In one section(部分)，the bridge turns into a 6.7-km undersea tunnel. And the tunnel passes through two man-made islands. The tunnel is the world's longest undersea tunnel for road traffic， allowing large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel.
The HZMB makes it more convenient to travel between the three areas. It can shorten the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai. People used to spend four hours， but now it takes about 45 minutes.
By making local cities and areas closer together， the HZMB helps the areas' development. It can develop the economy (经济)of Hong Kong， Macao and nine Guangdong cities.
(　　)1. The bridge can help the three areas in many ways EXCEPT ________.
A. developing the economy of the three areas
B. making the three areas have fewer earthquakes
C. making local cities and the three areas closer together
D. shortening the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai
(　　)2. The underlined word “withstand” means ______ in Chinese.
A. 坚守 B. 躲避
C. 减轻 D. 承受
(　　)3. It takes ________ to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai according to the passage.
A. about 45 minutes B. about 55 minutes
C. about 2 hours D. about 4 hours
(　　)4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A. The bridge is 55 kilometers long.
B. Construction on the HZMB began in 2009.
C. The service life of the HZMB is 20 years shorter than most bridges.
D. In one section， the undersea tunnel passes through two man-made islands.
(　　)5. The main idea of the passage is ________.
A. the open date of the HZMB
B. the introduction of the HZMB
C. the lifetime of the HZMB
D. the usage of the HZMB

六
At some point in life，many people develop a mental (精神)problem.
The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness，and even death.
In China，the picture isn't bright，either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.
The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress，but today the stress is much higher than before，the WHO said.
A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example，they experience bullying(欺凌). In a 2017 report，the centre noted that the Internet was a special source(渠道)of stress. Online，young people often see “messages about perfection”and this causes the young “great uncertainty about their futures”，says the centre.
Also，according to China Daily，Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine Peng，a US mental health educator，makes a similar point. And in the UK，over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.
“My message for young people is，if you feel something is wrong with you—ask for help，”he told China Daily.
(　　)1. According to the passage, the following is the cause of stress EXCEPT ________.
A. heavy schoolwork
B. being bullied at school
C. some information from the Internet
D. certainty about the future
(　　)2. Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems because ________.
A. they don't think them serious
B. they can get over them in time
C. they can keep their mental health secret
D. they are afraid of being looked down upon
(　　)3. The underlined word “stigma” most probably means ________ in Chinese.
A. 羞耻 B. 印象 C. 援助 D. 危害
(　　)4. Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to ________.
A. think less of themselves
B. avoid being bullied
C. ask for help as soon as possible
D. stay away from the Internet
(　　)5. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. ask research centres for help
B. tell about teenagers' stresses
C. call public attention on teenagers with mental illness
D. show some different opinions from different countries

七
It seems that school children all over the world complain about their school food. What do students eat for lunch at school in other countries?
Japan
High schools have dining rooms. They serve everything from noodles to rice, but not burgers and chips. Twice a year parents are invited to have a taste of the food. Some children bring food from home.
The United States
A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or chicken, fruit and cookies. It may not be so tasty,but healthy and popular.
Australia
Meat pies and hot dogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops. Many schools have used a traffic light system. Red foods, including cookies and soft drinks, are served only twice a week. Green foods such as sandwiches and corn are available every day.
South Africa
Most of South African schools do not serve meals at all. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches.
Fast food and fried food sell the best among students. As a result, it has caused (导致) obesity among children. Now more people know that being too fat may cause different kinds of illnesses and they pay more attention to children's health.
(　　)1. High schools in Japan serve ________.
A. noodles and rice B. burgers and rice balls
C. chips and vegetables D. fish and roast chicken
(　　)2. From the passage, we know the typical menu from a US school is ________.
A. delicious B. quite healthy
C. not very healthy D. popular in South Africa
(　　)3. Which are traditional dishes in Australia?
A. Meat pies and hot dogs. B. Chocolate and soft drinks.
C. Cookies and sushi. D. Sandwiches and corn.
(　　)4. In this passage the underlined word “obesity” means ________.
A. 肥胖 B. 瘦弱 C. 强壮 D. 无知
(　　)5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Parents in Japan are invited to taste the food twice a year.
B. The typical menu in the US is healthy and popular.
C. In Australia, many schools have used a traffic light system.
D. In South Africa, schools don?t serve meals.

八
Why is clean water so important to developing countries? A recent report shows that about 80 percent of diseases in developing countries are caused by poor water and low sanitation (卫生)conditions. In those countries, women and girls spend several hours collecting water, but often polluted, far away from their families. The polluted water more or less influences their health. In this case, there is an urgent(迫切的)need for people in developing countries to have access to(有机会或权利使用)clean water to improve their health.
Here is a short story about Hadjara Zakari, a 12-year-old girl in Niger. Having access to clean water changed her life. She learned about the importance of hand-washing when the school first received clean water three years ago. That evening, she told her father, “You shouldn't eat with me unless you clean your hands.” Her father was very angry and shouted at her, “It's not up to you to tell me what to do！” In protest, Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night. After her father questioned Hadjara's head teacher, he understood the importance of hand washing and his daughter's intentions (目的). The girl really wanted her family to live longer and healthier lives.
For people in developing countries, clean water can change many things, especially improve their health. So, from now on, let's avoid wasting water and take action to save water.
(　　)1. According to the recent report, poor water and low sanitation conditions can cause___.
A. traffic problems B. forest fires
C. many illnesses D. air pollution
(　　)2. The key to improving people's health in developing countries is______ in Paragraph 1.
A. to get clean water B. to exercise often
C. to refuse drugs D. to stop pollution
(　　)3. What can we infer(推断)from Paragraph 2?
A. Hadjara laughed at her father's foolishness.
B. Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night in order to lose weight.
C. Hadjara's father understood his daughter's love for him later.
D. Hadjara's father ate dinner with clean hands that evening.
(　　)4. The underlined word “protest” in this passage means ________.
A. 抗议 B. 保护 C. 节约 D. 赞同
(　　)5. The purpose of the writer is to ________.
A. teach people how to wash hands
B. call on people all over the world to save water
C. show developing countries rich in clean water
D. tell the story of Hadjara and her father


九
Your friends come to visit you at your home. Should you ask them to take off their shoes? In many countries around the world, taking off your shoes indoors is a polite thing to do. However, it's actually more than just polite. It's good hygiene, too.
Bacteria (细菌)like to grow on shoes. Some of them can be dangerous, according to scientists from the University of Houston in the US. One of the most common kinds of bacteria on your shoes is Escherichia coli (大肠杆菌).
Researchers found this bacteria on 96 percent of the shoes they studied. Some types of Escherichia coli can cause diarrhea (腹泻)or even brain diseases. Other bacteria found on shoes can be harmful to our skin, blood and heart.
But we don't need to worry about this too much. For healthy people, the bacteria found on shoes will likely have little or no risk, according to Live Science. Healthy people have to come into contact with thousands of harmful bacteria in order to become sick.
Also, bacteria mostly stay on the ground. But most of us don't spend a lot of time on the
ground. “In this case, you're not going to get sick from it,” according to Jonathan Sexton from the University of Arizona, US. However, children who often climb around on the floor and people who are unhealthy should be careful about these bacteria. For healthy adults, it is not too big of an issue.
(　　)1. According to the passage, Escherichia coli is ________.
A. dangerous and common B. harmful but useful
C. dangerous but necessary D. harmful and powerful
(　　)2. Escherichia coli is harmful to our body EXCEPT ________.
A. blood B. heart
C. stomachache D. throat
(　　)3. Why do healthy people get sick according to the passage?
A. Because they don't take off the shoes before they get into the house.
B. Because Escherichia coli can cause diarrhea or even brain disease.
C. Because they come into contact with thousands of harmful bacteria.
D. Because they don't pay attention to their health as unhealthy people.
(　　)4. In this passage the underlined word “hygiene” means _______.
A. 卫生 B. 举动 C. 节约 D. 安全
(　　)5. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. taking off shoes is good hygiene although it's not polite
B. researchers found Escherichia coli on all the shoes they studied
C. the old and unhealthy people are easier to get Escherichia coli
D. healthy adults don't need to worry too much about Escherichia coli

十
Sending packets(包裹), going shopping and even building a house, these are new skills that new robots show at the World Robot Exhibition.
RoBoHoN Scientists are introducing the latest talking robots. RoBoHoN, just 10 cm tall, can make a lively description of the Great Wall and the Palace Museum in Chinese, English or any other language you like.
Human Support Robot This robot is 1 m tall and looks like a container(容器) with arms. It provides much support to the old and the disabled. It can move things to different places and keep in touch with the outside world through the Internet.
HRP-5P As world cities develop larger and larger, there are building sites(工地) everywhere, but there aren't enough people to build them. HRP-5P looks like a strong builder. It stands at 1.8 m tall and weighs 101 kg. It is used to do the heavy building tasks.
CarriRo CarriRo, looks like a toy bus, has friendly “eyes” on its front. It works as a postman and sends packages by travelling along the streets. It has a GPS to travel. The person who receives the package is sent a code(密码) to the smart phone to open the CarriRo and get the package.

(　　)1. The RoBoHoN is ________ tall.
A. 0.1 meter B. 1 meter
C. 1.8 meter D. 101 meters
(　　)2. ______ is the best helper to the old people's homes.
A. RoBoHoN B. Human Support Robot
C. HRP-5P D. CarriRo
(　　)3. The owner of the package open the CarriRo ______.
A. by working as a postman
B. by rolling around the street
C. by following the GPS
D. by using the code
(　　)4. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. RoBoHoN can be used to do the heavy building tasks.
B. HRP-5P looks like a container with arms.
C. RoBoHoN can speak Japanese as well.
D. CarriRo can get on the Internet.
(　　)5. In which part of a newspaper can we find this passage?
A. Culture. B. Sports.
C. Science. D. People.

十一
Robots are often found in our daily life. But what exactly is a robot？There are some important characteristics(特征) that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics：
Sensing First of all，your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it. Give your robot sensors (传感器)：light sensors(eyes)，touch sensors(hands)，chemical sensors(nose)，hearing sensors(ears) and taste sensors(tongue).
Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines (发动机). A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.
Energy A robot needs to be able to power itself. Some robots might power itself with sunlight, some might with electricity, while others with the battery(电池). The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.
Intelligence A robot needs some kind of “smarts”. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
(　　)1. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about ________.
A. the toy B. the characteristic
C. the machine D. the engine
(　　)2. The chemical sensors may help a robot to ________.
A. see B. catch
C. hear D. smell
(　　)3. In how many ways can a robot power itself according to the passage?
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four. D. Five.
(　　)4. The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence” in the last paragraph is ________.
A. 能源 B. 勤奋
C. 智能 D. 外观
(　　)5. What is the main purpose of the passage？
A. To help people understand what a robot is.
B. To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C. To describe the movement of a robot.
D. To introduce the history of robots.

十二
Have you heard of 5G? It is the fifth generation of mobile network technology. If the past few years were about testing and development of 5G technology, this year is the time to show some real applications(应用). What changes will 5G bring to us?
First, 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an entire HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay between sending and receiving data. Also, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.
This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster. It will also change every industry like health care in telemedicine (远程医疗), and also safer self-driving cars. These cars can send signals (信号) to each other. They also “talk” to traffic lights and road sensors. 5G will allow cars to react even faster than human drivers.
5G also makes the Internet of Things (IoT物联网) possible. IoT is a large network that connects everything to the Internet. Smart homes are part of it. For example, your toaster could automatically (自动地) start making breakfast after your alarm rings.
Though 5G will make our lives more convenient, it will not be perfect. For one thing, 5G will not “travel” far. On 4G networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission base (传输基地) and barely lose signal. But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning that we will need more transmitters so that we can get signals. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products specifically designed for 5G that are presently expensive.
(　　)1. You will be able to download an entire HD movie in seconds because 5G promises ________.
A. more unstable connections
B. much faster data download and upload speeds
C. a long delay between sending and receiving data
D. slower mobile Internet
(　　)2. The example of the toaster is used to explain the usage of 5G in the area of ________.
A. communication B. transportation
C. the Internet of Things D. mobile Internet
(　　)3. The underlined word “react” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. 驾驶 B. 反应 C. 思考 D. 行动
(　　)4. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. 5G technology is in the testing period this year.
B. With the help of 5G, patients can see a doctor through the Internet.
C. Self-driving cars is faster than human drivers with the help of 5G.
D. Special designed 5G phones are not expensive at present.
(　　)5. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. Future Technology
B. The Fastest Generation
C. The Advantages of 5G
D. 5G Network is on the Way


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