(共34张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending
练读文 记词汇 学翻译
1 教材助读
通语篇 学理解 重分析
2 语篇理解
(共44张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
记单词 记短语 记句型
3 基础梳理
研词汇 析句型 练拓展
4 要点透析
随堂练 固基础 夯根基
5 随堂训练
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The majority of people in the town are strongly in support of the plan to build a playground for children.
2．It has been discovered that the traffic accident resulted from the driver's careless driving.
3．The first thing he did was (to) finish(finish) his homework after school.
4．We are planning to replace the old machines with/by some new ones.
5．—Why does the lake smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water have been polluted(pollute)．
6．The key to keeping(keep) this country a comfortable and clean place to live in is to control industrial pollution.
7．The old scientist has made a breakthrough in growing rice，which will feed more people in the world.
8．(2019·天津红桥区期中)The professor thought that the idea the young engineer brought up was worth considering.
9．I am really interested in his way to study(study) English, which is helpful to me.
10．We can't figure out why quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Most parents devote all their lives to bringing in their children.
in→up
2．The flood came about as a result the heavy spring rains.
result后加of
3．At the sight of her mother，the surprise in her face replaced by joy.
replaced前加was
4．Eating better and eating less could be the key to avoid cancer.
avoid→avoiding
5．Great quantities of sand was washed down the hillside by the heavy rain.
was→were
Ⅲ.阅读理解
He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet.But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.
In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neuron(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.
Professor Hawking said，“My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.”He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，”he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.”
But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized(刺激) him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs.He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”
【解题导语】 文章向我们讲述了传奇科学家霍金的故事。
1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.
B．Stephen Hawking couldn't read at the age of 7.
C．Stephen Hawking's handwriting was once terribly bad.
D．Stephen Hawking's sister once performed much better than him.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.”可知，绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的， 但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。
2．We can infer that Stephen Hawking was ________ when he was a child and studied in Oxford University.
A．clever B．lazy
C．bright D．mean
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.”和第二段开头霍金自己承认的话中可知， 他小时候和在大学里是非常懒惰的。
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Stephen Hawking didn't realize his dreams in physics.
B．It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.
C．The purpose of the doctor's diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.
D．His life might be taken away by long hard work.
解析：选B 段落大意题。根据最后一段特别是信息句“He said，‘When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.’”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实， 故选B项。
4．From whom did Hawking get a relatively just respect when he was at school?
A．His sister. B．His classmates.
C．His teachers. D．His parents.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知， 尽管老师不看好他， 同学们仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号， 他们从他身上看到好的一面。
Ⅳ.完形填空
One day I came home from school, changed my clothes and got ready for work. I worked at a local restaurant in town as a cashier and waiter.
I went to work feeling __1__.And to make matters worse, I was busy that evening.It's the same thing over and over again, __2__ with customers who complain about their food and where they are __3__ is too big or too small. Little things like that tend to __4__ a lot of us __5__ but we manage to deal with them.
Three elderly ladies walked in and sat by the windows. It happened to be the very __6__ near where I keep the dirty __7__ in the boxes. Trying to keep up with all the dirty tables, customers leaving and coming in and __8__ running all over the house, it was crazy.__9__ these elderly women were watching __10__ I was working to make sure every table was clean and ready for the next customers.
When they __11__ their meals, I took their plates back to the kitchen. They talked to me for a while about school, how I was doing, what __12__ I was in and what I planned to do in the future.
__13__ they were leaving, they walked past me and one of them said to me in a __14__ and gentle voice, “You are going places.”And that was it. They left the __15__ and I had tears in my eyes, because they gave me __16__ to believe in myself. They __17__ my spirit from being down and gave me a __18__ to keep on working hard.
People used to tell me that I couldn't have a career in __19__ until I had a degree. I'm now a co?anchor(联合主持人)of a student?produced television __20__.And the best thing is: I'm only 17 years old and I am a senior in high school.
【解题导语】 作者是一位17岁的中学生， 利用课余时间打工。一天， 在身心疲惫的时候， 一位顾客的一句话使作者对自己的前途重燃希望。那句话是： You are going places(你前途无量)。
1．A.tired B．excited
C．up D．down
解析：选D 由下文中的“from being down”可以得到暗示。放学后还得去上班作者心里感到很不高兴。后面的“to make matters worse(使情况更为糟糕的是)”说明此处填贬义词。feeling down意为“闷闷不乐”。
2．A.dealing B．helping
C．talking D．meeting
解析：选A 作为服务员， “我”要与投诉的顾客打交道， 处理他们提出的问题。此处的deal with意为“与……打交道”。
3．A.sat B．seated
C．laid D．dressed
解析：选B seat为及物动词， “坐下”应说be seated, 而A项sit为不及物动词， 不能用于被动语态中。
4．A.attract B．avoid
C．adjust D．annoy
解析：选D annoy表示“使生气”。因为作者前面提到了顾客的种种抱怨， 因此只能导致雇员的烦恼、生气。句意： 诸如此类的小事容易造成我们雇员的烦恼。故选D。
5．A.employees B．customers
C．bosses D．employers
解析：选A 此处的“us”和后面的“we”指“饭店里的员工”， 故A项正确。此处的employees是us的同位语。employer“雇主，东家”。
6．A.table B．box
C．spot D．kitchen
解析：选C 前面的“by the windows”和后面的“near where”都说明此处填的是“地方(spot)”， the very spot强调“就是那个地方”。
7．A.dishes B．rooms
C．clothes D．chairs
解析：选A dish“盘子”； room“房间”； clothes“衣服”； chair“椅子”。服务员在客人走后， 要将吃剩的菜端走， 然后收拾桌子， 供后来的人就餐。所以， 此处要选A项。
8．A.men B．women
C．waiters D．bosses
解析：选C 在饭店中， 进进出出的是顾客， 在房子中来回穿梭忙碌的是服务员。故C项正确。
9．A.And B．Otherwise
C．But D．So
解析：选C 虽然餐馆处于一片忙乱的状态， 但是这三位女士在专心地看着“我”。该空前的“crazy”给该空提出了暗示。故选C。
10．A.what B．how
C．where D．why
解析：选B 后面的“to make sure every table was clean and ready for the next customers”表示目的， 故此处指“我”怎么做才能达到此目的。
11．A.finished B．completed
C．ordered D．got
解析：选A 根据后面的“took their plates back to the kitchen”可知她们已经吃完了。且下文中有they were leaving暗示。
12．A.place B．grade
C．mark D．position
解析：选B 她们在临走前， 跟“我”聊了一会儿， 问“我”有关学校的情况，在学校学得怎么样、在哪个年级及将来的打算。
13．A.Before B．While
C．As D．After
解析：选C 句意： 当她们离开的时候， 她们走过我身边……根据句意可排除A、D选项； while引导时间状语从句时， 从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词。此处as表示“当……时候”。
14．A.confident B．loud
C．low D．pleasant
解析：选A confident“自信的”； loud“大声的”； low“低的”； pleasant“令人愉快的”。句意： ……她们从我身边走过时， 有一个人用自信而温和的声音说。由下文的“You are going places.(你前途无量)”可以推测说话者的语气。因为说话人在鼓励作者， 所以只有A项符合语境。
15．A.kitchen B．house
C．restaurant D．table
解析：选C 由第一段中给出的故事背景“I worked at a local restaurant in town as a cashier and waiter.”可知答案选C。
16．A.ability B．courage
C．imagination D．time
解析：选B 根据文意可知， 别人给予了作者自信的“勇气”， 作者才得以重新振作起来。
17．A.put down B．picked up
C．took over D．pointed out
解析：选B 三位女士使“我”重新获得自信的勇气， 并使“我”的情绪不再沮丧。put down“记下，镇压”；pick up one's spirit“鼓起勇气”；take over“接管”； point out“指明(出)”。
18．A.cause B．reason
C．present D．permission
解析：选B 三位女士给了“我”要继续努力的理由。在她们的鼓舞下， “我”决心继续努力。reason表示某种行为的原因； cause表示某种现象的起因。故正确选项为B。
19．A.television B．government
C．school D．restaurant
解析：选A 根据最后一段中的“I'm now a co?anchor (联合主持人) of a student?produced television __20__. ”可知答案选A。
20．A.company B．station
C．show D．advertisement
解析：选C 作者现在是联合主持人(co?anchor), 所以肯定是电视“节目(show)”的联合主持人。
Ⅴ.短文改错
Last week，some of my classmate and I wanted to buy a world map.However，we didn't agree on how to getting it.I wanted to go to a bookstore while they prefer to buy it online.The reason they turned to an Internet was that books were sold a lower price online.I went directly to the bookstore but chose a suitable map after school.The next day，they also had got their maps but unfortunate not the ones they wanted.The maps were bound too tightly(装订太紧)．Now they have to return both the maps and get their money back.So，does online shopping always has an advantage？I doubt it.
答案：
Last week，some of my and I wanted to buy a world map.However，we didn't agree on how to it.I wanted to go to a bookstore while they to buy it online.The reason they turned to Internet was that books were sold a lower price online.I went directly to the bookstore chose a suitable map after school.The next day，they also got their maps but not the ones they wanted.The maps were bound too tightly(装订太紧)．Now they have to return the maps and get their money back.So，does online shopping always an advantage？I doubt it.
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(共62张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
练读文 记词汇 学翻译
1 教材助读
通语篇 学理解 重分析
2 语篇理解
记单词 记短语 记句型
3 基础梳理
研词汇 析句型 练拓展
4 要点透析
随堂练 固基础 夯根基
5 随堂训练
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Briefly (brief) speaking, I'm in support of your idea.
2．I made it clear to him that I didn't agree to his suggestion.
3．(2019·湖北武汉二中月考)It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed(kill)in the traffic accident on the other day.
4．Don't keep them working(work) day and night.They are too tired.
5．At the age of five, her parents died in the earthquake, leaving (leave) her an orphan.
6．The success of his career has been partly(part) due to the support given by his mother and mostly his personal(person) efforts.
7．The government came to power in 2017, that is, it has been in power for over two years.
8．How did you know where to find(find) me?
9．The speaker, known(know) for her wonderful speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
10．She earned her/a living by singing in a nightclub last year.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．If you make a mistake in the test you can never escape punished.
punished前加being或punished→punishment
2．She asked him to say what he meant clear.
clear→clearly
3．Can you tell me what to take out the ink marks from my new white shirt？
what→how
4．European football is played in about 80 countries，make it the most popular sport in the world.
make→making
5．What is it that has kept him hold on to his dream？
hold→ holding
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Do you suppose Darwin, one of the greatest scientists of all time, really did fools' experiments? Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?
Sometimes, people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution to a problem. Sometimes, they really do know an answer or a solution, but without thinking they are important.
Charles Darwin didn't settle for (满足于) just thinking he knew something. And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.
Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape.If you drop them at the same time in the same place, they will fall in the same way. Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets. What happens? You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldn't be worth anything.
But this simple experiment is important. It explains part of our present?day understandings of physics, ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton. And these understandings set aside some of ancient Greek physics.
Scientists sometime stop to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them. Even the simplest idea, which we might think is foolish, can shake the foundations of science.
【解题导语】 有些问题的答案人们已经知晓， 但人们没有想过这个问题是多么重要。伟大的科学家Charles Darwin常通过做实验来弄清事情的来龙去脉。
1．The passage tells us that Charles Darwin ________.
A．was a great English scientist
B．always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficult
C．thought even the simplest thing was important
D．didn't get well with others
解析：选C 推理判断题。短文并没有说Charles Darwin是哪个国家的科学家， 可排除A选项； 由文章可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验不值得做， 可把B选项排除； 文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情， 可排除D选项。由第三段第二句中“And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.”可推出选项C正确。
2．The underlined phrase “set aside” most probably means “________”．
A．throw away B．store up
C．put to use D．realize
解析：选A 词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的， 它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此可推知set aside与throw away同义。
3．The author of the passage tries to ________.
A．convince us that Charles Darwin, Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world
B．draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple things
C．prove that two sheets of paper, with the same size and shape, will fall at the same speed
D．draw our attention to everyday happenings around us
解析：选D 写作意图题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情也可能动摇科学的根基， 意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事， 哪怕它非常简单。
B
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means.Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems.One of the biggest problems is pollution.To pollute means to make things dirty.Pollution comes in many ways.We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth.The more people, the more pollution.Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people.When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place.But this is no longer true.Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious.It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution.Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution.It is caused by heavy traffic.We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home.We must take care of it.That means keeping the land, water and air clean.And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.
【解题导语】 本文谈到全球环境污染这个问题， 同时号召人们为我们的家园——地球出一份力， 减少污染。
4．________， our world is becoming much smaller.
A．Because of the rise in pollution
B．Thanks to science development
C．Because the earth is being polluted day and night
D．Because the earth is blown away by the wind every year
解析：选B 细节理解题。由文章的首句我们得知，世界变小是由于“modern traffic and modern communication means(现在的交通运输工具和沟通工具的使用)”， 而这一切都要靠科学技术的发展， 据此我们可以推出答案是B。
5．Hundreds of years ago, life was ________ it is today.
A．much easier than B．as easy as
C．much harder than D．as hard as
解析：选C 细节理解题。第一段的第二句告诉我们“Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago(今天的生活比以前容易得多)”， 反过来说， 以前的生活比今天艰难得多， 所以答案是C。
6．Pollution comes in many ways.We can even hear it.Here “it” means ________.
A．rubbish B．noise pollution
C．air pollution D．water pollution
解析：选B 推理判断题。在众多选项中， 只有选项B(noise pollution噪音污染)是听得见的。
7．Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because ________.
A．it makes much noise
B．it makes us angry more easily
C．it makes our rivers and lakes dirty
D．it's bad for all living things in the world
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一、二句“Air pollution is still the most serious.It's bad for all living things in the world...” 可以得知答案为D。
Ⅳ.七选五
Many of us feel anger throughout the course of our daily lives.__1__ If you find yourself getting angry often，yoga can help you to manage the feeling while you are at work or at home.It can help both calm you down when you feel angry and manage anger in the long term.
Develop a regular practice.Practicing yoga regularly will go a long way toward helping you manage your anger.Try to go to class or practice a routine at least three times a week.Practice for an hour to an hour and a half when possible.__2__
Join a class if you are a beginner.Sometimes it can be helpful for beginners to practice yoga with others to know the types of routines they can try.__3__ However，if you have a competitive personality，practicing in a group might be bad for your efforts.
__4__ Focus on the breath is the central part of yoga practice.It is necessary to focus on your breath to get the most out of the yoga poses you are trying.Take your time，and continue the exercise until you feel calmer.
Keep yoga journals.Keeping a yoga journal allows you to see over time how yoga is affecting your anger.It can also be a place to show the pleasure and frustrations(挫折) of yoga after your regular practice.__5__
A．Practice focusing on your breath.
B．You need to go to a class to practice basic yoga.
C．In the long term，it will be good for your heart.
D．In addition，writing can reduce the levels of your anger.
E．Exercise can be a great daily treatment for the bad feeling.
F．If you can't，even 10 to 20 minutes of yoga at a time can bring down stress levels.
G．It is also helpful to reduce anger if you are feeling the support of the group when practicing.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了练习瑜伽对处理生气情绪的好处及几点建议。
1．解析：选E 根据本空前的“Many of us feel anger throughout the course of our daily lives.”及本空后所说的练习瑜伽可知，此处承上启下，是说运动是应对坏情绪的好方法。
2．解析：选F 根据本空前的“Practice for an hour to an hour and a half when possible.”可知，此处承接上文，说的还是练习时间，F项更符合语境。
3．解析：选G 根据本空前的“Sometimes it can be helpful for beginners to practice yoga with others to know the types of routines they can try.”可知，此处还是说和别人一起练习瑜伽的好处，在团队的支持下，你更有毅力坚持下去，从而更好地处理好生气的情绪。
4．解析：选A 根据本段内容可知，本段讲的是练习瑜伽时要注意呼吸，故“Practice focusing on your breath.”符合语境。
5．解析：选D 根据本空前的“It can also be a place to show the pleasure and frustrations(挫折)of yoga after your regular practice.”可知，本段讲的是记瑜伽日记的好处，此处是对前面的补充说明，说的是写作也能减少生气情绪。
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(共39张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
被动语态和by＋v.?ing形式
第一板块单元语法
人物传记
第二板块单元写作
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(四川卷)More expressways will be built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
2．(2019·湖南衡阳五校联考)—Do you have any problems if you are offered(offer) this job?
—Well, I'm thinking about the salary.
3．I have gained much experience by trying(try) different jobs.
4．Come and sit down by the fire.Your hands feel (feel) so cold.
5．A new cinema is being built (build) in my hometown now.The workers hope to finish it next month.
6．—What happened to the priceless works of art?
—They were destroyed(destroy) in the earthquake last month.
7．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it was being decorated(decorate)．
8．Unless some extra money is found(find)，the theatre will close.
9．This kind of electric bike sells well.All bikes here have been sold out so far.(sell)
10．Tom was made to recite(recite) the whole text as a punishment yesterday.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s.Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.
Edwin Powell Hubble was born in 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri.He spent his early years in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville.He attended the University of Chicago.He studied mathematics and astronomy(天文学)．Hubble was a good student.He was a good athlete, too.He was a member of the University of Chicago championship basketball team in 1909.He also was an excellent boxer.Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college.Instead, he decided to continue his studies.He went to Queen's College at Oxford, England.
At Oxford, Hubble studied law.He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before.He spent three years at Oxford.In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States.He opened a law office in Louisville, Kentucky.After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer.He returned to the University of Chicago.There, once again, he studied astronomy.Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope.He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.
Hubble's work led to a new research on the birth of the universe.One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since.And, he said, there was a long way to go.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了天文学家哈勃一生的学习和成长经历。
1．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Edwin Hubble's Life
B．Edwin Hubble's Discoveries
C．The Hubble Space Telescope
D．Edwin Hubble—a Famous Lawyer
解析：选A 标题归纳题。全文介绍了哈勃这位科学家一生的学习和成长经历，故A项为正确答案。
2．According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in ________.
A．sports B．law
C．astronomy D．mathematics
解析：选C 推理判断题。第二段和第三段描述了哈勃的学习经历，其中提到了他所涉猎的学科。根据哈勃最后的选择能看出他对天文学最感兴趣。
3．Which of the following shows the RIGHT order according to this passage?
a．He joined the University of Chicago championship basketball team.
b．He studied astronomy at the University of Chicago once again.
c．He moved to Louisville with his family.
d．He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.
e．He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.
A．c，a，b，d，e B．a，c，b，e，d
C．c，a，e，b，d D．a，b，d，e，c
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据全文的介绍可知，哈勃先是随家人搬到路易斯维尔(c)；然后在芝加哥大学加入了篮球队(a)；之后他从英国回来做了一段时间的律师(e)；然后又学习天文学(b)；最后他第一个使用了Hale望远镜(d)。
4．From this passage, we know that ________.
A．the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself
B．Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford, England in 1910
C．Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in Marshfield, Missouri
D．Hubble died while he was looking at the sky
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句可知，哈勃在英国待了三年，于1913年回到美国，也就是说，他是1910年去的英国。
B
“Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines，” say UK researchers.
Their study found that theobromine(可可碱), found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment.“While coughing is not necessarily harmful, it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem，” said Professor Peter Barnes.
Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine is stopping coughs.
The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group.When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity(神经活动), which causes coughing.They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了在巧克力中发现的可可碱可以用来治愈咳嗽。
5．According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ________.
A．cannot be as effective as codeine
B．can be harmful to people's health
C．cannot be separated from chocolate
D．can be a more effective cure for coughs
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“that theobromine(可可碱), found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine”说明，他们认为可可碱是一种有效的治疗咳嗽的方法，故选D。
6．We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment ________.
A．were patients with bad coughs
B．were divided into three groups
C．received standard treatments
D．suffered little side effects
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment.”，说明他们被分成三队，每一队都服用不同的东西，故选B。
7．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Codeine: A New Medicine
B．Chocolate May Cure Coughs
C．Cough Treatment: A Hard Case
D．Theobromine Can Cause Coughs
解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段，说明本文主要是讲巧克力中发现的某种物质可以用来治愈咳嗽，故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In ancient times, a king had a block of rock placed on a roadway.Then he 1.________ (hide) himself and watched to see if anyone would remove the huge rock.Some of the 2.________ (king) wealthiest merchants and courtiers(大臣) came by and simply walked around it.Many loudly blamed the king for not 3.________ (keep) the roads clear, but 4.________ did anything about getting the big stone out of the way.Then a peasant came along 5.________ (carry) a load of vegetables.On approaching the rock, the peasant laid down his burden and tried 6.________ (move) the stone to the side of the road.After much pushing and straining, he 7.________ (final) succeeded.Just as the peasant picked up his load of vegetables, he noticed a purse lying in the road where the rock had been.The purse contained many gold 8.________ (coin) and a note from the king indicating that the gold was for the person who removed the rock 9.________ the roadway.The peasant learned 10.________ many others never understood.Every obstacle(障碍) presents an opportunity to improve one's condition.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。古代有一位国王在公路上放置了一块大石头，看看是否有人愿意搬开石头，以试人心。
1．解析：考查时态。文章主体时态为一般过去时，故此处谓语动词用hide的过去式hid。
答案：hid
2．解析：考查名词所有格。此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词，所以用名词所有格形式。
答案：king's
3．解析：考查非谓语动词。动词keep作介词for的宾语，故需要用动词?ing 形式。
答案：keeping
4．解析：考查代词。从转折连词“but”和后文的“anything”可知，此处应填不定代词none，用来指代前面提到的那些大臣和富商们。
答案：none
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，carry的逻辑主语是a peasant，两者为主动关系，故此处用carry的现在分词作伴随状语。
答案：carrying
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，为固定用法。
答案：to move
7．解析：考查副词。此处修饰动词应该使用副词形式。
答案：finally
8．解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的“many”可知，后面名词应该使用coin的复数形式。
答案：coins
9．解析：考查介词。remove...from...意为“把……从……中搬走(除掉)”，为固定搭配。
答案：from
10．解析：考查宾语从句。此句意为：这位农民学到了许多其他人永远不明白的东西。所填词引导宾语从句，在从句中作understood的宾语，故填 what。
答案：what
Ⅳ.书面表达
袁隆平是一位杰出的科学家， 请你根据本单元内容以及以下所提供的信息， 写一篇有关袁隆平的简介。要点提示：
1．袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”；
2．1930年生于北京，大学毕业后， 一直从事农业教育和杂交水稻研究；
3．他培植出的高产水稻， 很大程度上解决了中国人的吃饭问题；
4．他获得了“国家最高科学技术奖”——我国的“诺贝尔奖”。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：高产的high?yield；
国家最高科学技术奖State Supreme Science and Technology Award
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One possible version：
Yuan Longping, who is praised as “Father of Hybrid Rice”， was born in Beijing in 1930.Since he graduated from university, he has been working as an educator on farming and a researcher on hybrid rice.
The high?yield rice bred by him has partly solved the feeding problem of so many people in our country.Because of this, he received “State Supreme Science and Technology Award”， known as the Nobel Prize in China.Yuan Longping is also a well?known expert in the world.He has made outstanding achievements in agricultural science and is highly thought of by us Chinese people.
PAGE
1
(共22张PPT)
单元要点归纳提升
单元质量评估检测卷(四)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man suggest?
A．Staying inside.
B．Going for a walk.
C．Resting together.
2．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a restaurant.
B．In a coffee shop.
C．In a grocery.
3．How often must the woman take the medicine?
A．Three times a day.
B．Four times a day.
C．Five times a day.
4．What can we learn about the man from the conversation?
A．Fail in his writing.
B．Poor at his writing.
C．Good at his writing.
5．How often does the man pay a visit to his parents?
A．Once a week.
B．Once six months.
C．Once a year.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where are the speakers?
A．In a restaurant.
B．At a Lost and Found.
C．In a shop.
7．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The woman got her coat back.
B．The woman didn't get her coat back.
C．The man sent the woman another coat.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What's the weather like?
A．Sunny. B．Raining. C．A little wet.
9．What does the man think of running in the rain?
A．Funny. B．Terrible. C．Foolish.
10．Who is chasing the two speakers?
A．A dog. B．A runner. C．A policeman.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．How about the man recently?
A．He is busy.
B．He feels terrible.
C．He feels depressed.
12．Where are the two speakers?
A．In night markets.
B．At the woman's house.
C．In a supermarket.
13．What are the two speakers enjoying?
A．Sandwiches. B．Food on sticks. C．Crisps.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．How long does the man sleep at night?
A．3 hours. B．5 hours. C．7 hours.
15．What can we learn about the man from the conversation?
A．Earning little money.
B．Cooking meals for his family.
C．Worrying too much about his job.
16．What does the woman give to the man?
A．A new job.
B．Some medicine.
C．Some advice.
17．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Doctor and patient.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Workmates.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．When was Carver born?
A．In 1846. B．In 1864. C．In 1964.
19．From which college did Carver graduate?
A．Iowa College.
B．Iowa University.
C．Missouri College.
20．How many uses did Carver discover for sweet potatoes?
A．300. B．200. C．100.
录音材料：
Text 1
M: It's a lovely day.①Why don't you go for a walk with me?
W: Well, I feel a little tired.
Text 2
W: Good evening.②Which drink would you like to have, soft drink or juice?
M: ②I'll have a can of beer and a loaf.
Text 3
W: How can I free from my high temperature?
M: ③Take this medicine every eight hours. You should be better by tomorrow.
Text 4
W: You look down today.
M: Yes.④No matter how hard I try, my writing is still not good enough.
Text 5
M: How often do you go home, Mary?
W: Twice a year. You know, my home is a long way from here. ⑤How about you, Jack?
M: ⑤Once a week. My hometown is only about 30 miles from here.
Text 6
M: Good morning, Madam.
W: Good morning, I wonder if you can help. I've lost my coat.
M: Oh, where did you lose it, Madam?
W: Ah, ⑥I left it on the counter when I bought a new cell phone here yesterday morning.
M: Can you describe it?
W: Well, it's a long white old coat, it's got a belt and one of those thick furry collars that keeps your ears warm. It's a very nice coat actually.
M: ⑦I am afraid we haven't got anything like that, Madam. Sorry.
Text 7
M: Helen, I'm so glad I was able to persuade you to run with me.
W: It's a great way to stay in shape and keep fit. Just breathe in that fresh air.
M: Let's go.
W: Is that rain I feel?
M: No! ⑧Just a little morning dew.
W: Well, that dew is getting a little heavier. A lot heavier!
M: ⑨Isn't it fun getting a little wet?
W: Your idea of fun is a lot different from mine!
M: See! It stopped! We no longer have to worry about getting wet. We runners say a little rain brings good luck.
W: Then we should be the world's luckiest runners!
(A big dog is chasing them.)
W: Victor! Victor! ⑩We're being chased!
M: Don't worry about that little thing.
W: It's not the little thing I'm worried about. ⑩It's the dog!
Text 8
M: I'm so glad you asked me to come out tonight. I needed the break. ?Work has been so busy recently.
W: Yes, I thought this would be the perfect place for you to relax. We can do your two favorite things, walking and eating.
M: ?Night markets are great. We don't have anything like this back home. I mean, mainly we eat hot dogs and burgers.
W: Also, everything is easy to eat while you walk. It's all on a stick so you can get a snack but still go shopping.
M: ?It's a good idea. Everything is on a stick.
W: In China we put lots of things on sticks. This means we can eat it without having to touch it. After we have finished it, we simply throw the stick away. But in western countries, we have to touch the food like sandwiches and crisps while we eat it.
M: Oh! ?Kebab tastes good. What do you think?
Text 9
M: I feel tired all the time, even when I wake up in the morning. My wife cooks me delicious meals, but I can only eat a little.
W: How do you sleep?
M: ?Very badly, doctor.?I never get to sleep until 2 o'clock, and I always wake at 5.
W: Are you worried about anything?
M: Well, yes, I am. ?I'm anxious about my work. I've just taken a new job. I earn a lot of money, but I'm always afraid of making a mistake.
W: I see. Please take off your shirt and lie down on the couch.
M: OK, doctor.
W: Well, there's nothing very much wrong with you. You're working too hard and worrying too much. Do you take much exercise?
M: No, doctor. I never have time for exercise. I work from morning till night. Then I can't get to sleep. Can you give me some medicine to help me to sleep?
W: I can, but I'm not going to. You don't need any. ?Don't work so hard. Too much work is bad for you. Don't worry about your work. Take regular exercise.
M: But I may lose my job, doctor! It's hard to get a job like mine.
W: Then get an easier one, even if you earn less money. Which would you rather have, health or wealth?
M: You're right, doctor. It's more important to be healthy than wealthy. I'll change my job.
Text 10
Good morning, class! Today we'll talk about George Washington Carver, a great American scientist of the 19th century. ?Carver, who was black, was born in Missouri in 1864. Although his parents were slaves, he was able to get a college education. After ?he graduated from Iowa College, he developed many important ways of farming. He also discovered many new uses for farm products. ?His discoveries included 200 uses for sweet potatoes and 30 uses for another kind of crop.
参考答案：1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C
9．A 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The advancement of human civilization is possible just because of enormous contribution made by scientists. They are one of the most influential people of today's world. With practical advantages in engineering, medicine and technology, they have helped us to grow better understanding about the world and different working phenomenon that governs us. Their names are remembered in the sands of time for their work in the welfare of mankind with different inventions that has made our modern lives easy. Here is a list of the four great scientists we've ever seen who changed the world.
Louis Pasteur(1822～1895)
Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies, anthrax and other infectious diseases. He also invented the process of pasteurization(加热杀菌法)to make milk safer to drink. He probably saved more lives than any other person.
Otto Hahn(1879～1968)
Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission(裂变)in 1939. He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio?chemistry, and discovered radioactive elements in 1921. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.
Nikola Tesla(1856～1943)
Tesla worked on electro?magnetism and AC current. He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission, but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection. He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.
James Clerk Maxwell(1831～1879)
Maxwell made great progress in understanding electro?magnetism. His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum(量子)physics. Einstein said of Maxwell, “The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”
【解题导语】 本文介绍了四位伟人， 四个人都是社会的重要贡献者， 为社会变革做出了巨大的贡献。
21．What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society?
A．The development of medicine.
B．Radio?chemistry.
C．Modern electricity.
D．Quantum physics.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据“Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies, anthrax and other infectious diseases.”可知， Louis Pasteur 促进了医学的发展。所以A选项是正确的。
22．Who was thought highly of by Einstein?
A．Louis Pasteur. B．Otto Hahn.
C．Nikola Tesla. D．James Clerk Maxwell.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据“Einstein said of Maxwell, ‘The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.'”可知， 爱因斯坦对James Clerk Maxwell的评价很高。所以D选项是正确的。
23．What can we infer about the four people?
A．They are medical pioneers.
B．They are Nobel Prize winners.
C．They are great contributors to society.
D．They are founders of modern physics.
解析：选C 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知， 他们四个人都是社会的重要贡献者， 为社会变革做出了巨大的贡献。所以C选项是正确的。
B
One day while shopping in a small town in southern California，it was my misfortune to be approached by a clerk whose personality conflicted with mine. He seemed most unfriendly and not at all concerned about my intended purchase. I bought nothing，and marched angrily out of the store. My hostility toward that clerk increased with each step.
On the outside，standing by the road，was a dark?skinned young man in his early twenties. His expressive brown eyes met and held mine，and in the next instant a beautiful，dazzling smile covered his face. I gave way immediately. The magnetic power of that smile dissolved all bitterness within me，and I found the muscles in my own face happily responding.
“Beautiful day，isn't it？” I remarked，in passing. Then，I turned back.“I really owe you a debt of gratitude，”I said softly. His smile deepened，but he made no attempt to answer. A Mexican woman and two men were standing nearby. The woman stepped forward and eyed me inquiringly.“Sir，but he doesn't speak English，” she volunteered.“You want I should tell him something？”
At that moment I felt transformed. The young man's smile had made a big person of me.
“Yes，” my reply was enthusiastic and sincere，“tell him I said ‘Thank you！’”
“Thank you？” The woman seemed slightly puzzled. I gave her arm a friendly pat as I turned to leave. “Just tell him that，” I insisted.“He'll understand；I am sure！”
Oh，what a smile can do！Although I have never seen that young man again，I shall never forget the lesson he taught me that morning. From that day on，I became smile—conscious，and I practice the art diligently，anywhere and everywhere，with everybody.
【解题导语】 作者在一次对别人充满了怨恨的时候，从一位迎面而来的小伙子那里感悟到了微笑的巨大能量。
24．The author left the store angrily because ________.
A．his intended purchases were of poor quality
B．there's nothing he wanted in the shop
C．the clerk didn't speak English
D．the clerk didn't treat him kindly
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第一段第二句“He seemed most unfriendly and not at all concerned about my intended purchase.”可知答案。
25．The underlined word “hostility” in the first paragraph probably means ________.
A．attitude B．hatred
C．idea D．opinion
解析：选B 词义猜测题。由前面的描述可以看出，由于售货员的不和善，“我”很生气，由此可以看出四个选项中只有“hatred(怨恨，讨厌)”符合语境。
26．What does the author mean by saying “I found the muscles in my own face happily responding.” in Paragraph 2?
A．He did not want to smile.
B．He would thank the young man.
C．He smiled back at the young man.
D．He was happy to meet the young man.
解析：选C 句意理解题。该句中的最后一个词意为： 回应。由此可以看出，对于对方的微笑，“我”同样以微笑来回应。
27．The passage tells us that we should ________.
A．help people in trouble B．smile at others
C．practice smiling every day D．be generous to strangers
解析：选B 主旨大意题。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们微笑的重要意义，因此B项正确。
C
What are the biggest problems that society will have to deal with in the new age? There are diseases like AIDS and cancer. There's climate change, of course. And what about producing enough cheap food and energy for the world's growing population? Who's going to solve all these terrible problems? Yes, politicians and world leaders will have a big part to play. Yes, businesses will need to create the economic wealth to pay for some of these things. But who's going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change. It's going to be a scientist. It is the scientist who can turn some new bit of science into a new technology to solve these problems.
If you like thinking about the world around you, why not become a scientist? It doesn't mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine! Scientists do all kinds of amazing things that are actually interesting!
Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date. Forensic(法医的) scientists work with the police to find quite small clues to catch criminals. Scientists work in schools and colleges as the teachers and professors who will train tomorrow's scientists. Don't think a scientist is far away! Maybe you like cooking? You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresher for longer. Perhaps sport is your thing? Do you know that most top athletes work with sports scientists in order to improve their performance? You could even be the science writer who gets to spend the life studying the latest advances and sharing them with the world.
Looking for something to do for the rest of your life? My advice? Take a long and hard look at science. It is interesting and ever.
【解题导语】 本文提出在新时代社会必须解决的最大问题， 科学家在解决这些问题中起着重要作用。其实每个人都可以成为某个领域的科学家。
28．Many problems are mentioned in the first paragraph to ________.
A．suggest they are impossible to be solved
B．introduce the causes of these problems
C．show the writer's worry about the future world
D．show scientists play an important part in solving them
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后三句“But who's going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change. It's going to be a scientist. It is the scientist who can turn some new bit of science into a new technology to solve these problems.” 可知， 第一段中提到的很多问题是为了说明科学家在解决这些问题中起着重要作用。故选D。
29．What is needed to solve these problems?
A．Advanced weapons. B．Enough energy.
C．New technologies. D．A growing population.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date.” 可知， 解决这些问题需要新科技。故选C。
30．Most people think the life of scientists is ________.
A．amazing B．boring
C．colorful D．unreal
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“It doesn't mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine！” 可知， 多数人认为科学家的生活是无聊的。故选B。
31．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Owing to military technologies, there has been no wars.
B．For those interested in cooking, food technologies may be a choice.
C．Forensic scientists play an important part in dealing with crimes.
D．Most athletes can achieve greater achievement with the help of sports scientists.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date.”可知，A项(Owing to military technologies, there has been no wars.由于军事技术， 没有发生战争。)是错误的， 故选A。
D
A government survey suggests the number of high school and middle school students using electronic cigarettes fell to 2.2 million last year, from 3 million the year before. “It certainly is a public health win，” said Brian King, an expert on smoking and health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)．
It's the first decrease the CDC has reported in teen vaping (电子烟) since the agency began tracking it in 2011. The findings are similar to a recent University of Michigan survey, which also noticed the decrease. It's unclear why teen vaping fell last year, and it's too soon to know if the numbers will continue to drop.
One possibility may be a growing push to ban the sale of e?cigarettes to minors(未成年人), including a federal regulation that took effect in August. Another may be the influence of ad campaigns by the government and other organizations to stop kids from smoking, the CDC said.
E?cigarettes may also be losing their novelty (新奇) among teens, said Matthew Farrelly, a tobacco control researcher at RTL International. Studies suggest many kids who vape use the products less often than kids who smoke cigarettes—a sign that vaping seems to be more social and experimental，some experts said.“These products were new and unusual and now we're starting to see that change，” said Robin Koval, president of Truth Initiative，a public health education organization that runs anti?tobacco ads.
According to the CDC, cigarette smoking among young people has been falling for many years, but the decrease in e?cigarettes was more remarkable (显著的)．In 2011, 1.5 percent of high school students said they'd recently vaped. That jumped to 16 percent in 2015, and it's become more common than cigarette smoking. But it dropped to about 11 percent last year, the CDC said. For middle school students, about 5 percent said they'd recently vaped in 2015. That fell to about 4 percent last year, the study found.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项政府调查表明，使用电子烟的中学生数量大幅下降。
32．What does the underlined part “ that change” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．E?cigarettes are becoming less fresh.
B．E?cigarettes seem more social and experimental.
C．More kids are starting to smoke cigarettes.
D．More kids are starting to use e?cigarettes.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“E?cigarettes may also be losing their novelty(新奇) among teens...‘These products were new and unusual...’”可知，电子烟对青少年来说没有以前新奇。
33．What's the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．The ban on e?cigarettes.
B．The influence of e?cigarettes.
C．The popularity of e?cigarettes.
D．The reason why teen vaping fell.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据本段中的“One possibility may be a growing push to ban the sale ofe?cigarettes...Another may be the influence of ad campaigns...”可知，本段主要分析青少年电子烟使用数量下降的原因。
34．Why does the author use the data in the last paragraph?
A．To tell us how the CDC carried out the research.
B．To show the clear decrease in using e?cigarettes.
C．To introduce the fall in cigarette smoking.
D．To explain why school students vaped.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“According to the CDC, cigarette smoking among young people has been falling for many years，but the decrease in e?cigarettes was more remarkable(显著的)．”可知，作者用具体的数据说明学生中电子烟的使用数量下降这一现象。
35．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To give information.
B．To educate teenagers.
C．To persuade adults.
D．To give instructions.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据本文内容，尤其是第一段中的“A government survey suggests...”可知，作者写文章的目的是让读者知晓一项调查结果。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Birth order plays a vital part in deciding the characteristics(性格，特征) of a child. And when it comes to the middle child, it certainly plays a huge role. The middle children go through some things only they can understand. __36__
Mostly, middle children have to share a room. __37__ They need to share a room with an elder one because they're too young to sleep alone. And just when they think they'll finally have a room of their own, a voice is heard saying，“Dear, please share the room with your younger one, as he's too small to sleep alone.”
Middle children tend to share clothes with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Their cupboard is full of hand?me?down from their older sibling, and they need to wear his clothes. __38__ They can always show off their elder sibling's clothes and things at school. Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.
__39__ They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations. On one hand they can recall how much fun it was watching Garfield and Friends, and on the other hand they can talk about the latest video game released in the market.
Siblings' talking is one interesting thing about a middle child. They are not as boring as they appear. __40__ Also, thanks to the divided attention at home, middle children are independent and need not rely on anyone.
A．Instead, they are very artistic and creative.
B．But this comes with its own advantage too.
C．Here are some things a middle child can relate to.
D．They rarely enjoy the experience of having their own room.
E．And the dream of having their own room is completely destroyed.
F．They're the problem solvers between their older and younger siblings.
G．As a middle kid, they are the bridge between their younger and older siblings.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于别的孩子的一些特点。
36．解析：选C 本空承上启下，下文即是只有中间的孩子才能体会到的事。
37．解析：选D 本空是对上句“have to share a room”的解释说明。
38．解析：选B 下文即是穿哥哥姐姐衣服的优势。
39．解析：选G 本空为本段的主旨。由下句“They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。
40．解析：选A A项的“artistic and creative”与本空前的“not as boring as they appear”呼应。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Toby had a fear of heights. He had carried it with him since he was a baby. As a teenager, his __41__ had only become worse. He talked to his father about it one day.
“I have had enough, Dad，” he said. “I would love to go rock climbing with my friends. __42__ every time I get too __43__ , I feel sick.”
His dad thought about his son's __44__ .
“Well Toby，” he said quietly, “I can __45__ you. But you will need to __46__ your fear. Are you __47__ ？”
Toby was quiet for a moment. “I am ready！” he replied __48__ .
Toby's father walked toward the front door. “We're going into the city！” his father said.
Toby __49__ what was coming. Toby lived in Paris，France. Seated in the heart of Paris, was one of the world's __50__ landmarks. It was the Eiffel Tower. Toby knew that visitors were __51__ to climb to the very top. Nothing was said between the pair as they drove into the city. They had arrived at the Eiffel Tower when Toby looked up at it and gasped (倒抽气). His __52__ turned over.
“I'm not sure if I can do this，” he said __53__ .
Toby's father __54__ his son's worries. “Don't worry，” he said. “I will be with you every step of the way. This is the day that you __55__ your fears.”
Toby looked up at the tall __56__ . He took a deep breath as they stepped through the entrance (入口). __57__ his father held his hand, they made their way, step by step, towards the __58__ of the building. Once they __59__ the top, Toby stepped out from the shadows (阴影)．
“Wow, Dad！” he said __60__ as he looked over Paris.
“I told you there was nothing to worry about，” came the reply.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了托比的爸爸带儿子爬埃菲尔铁塔来帮助他克服恐高的经历。
41．A.health B．fear
C．understanding D．memory
解析：选B 根据上文中的“Toby had a fear of heights.”可知，托比“恐(fear)”高。
42．A.Since B．And
C．But D．Unless
解析：选C 上文中的“I would love to go rock climbing with my friends.”与下文中的“I feel sick”是转折关系，故用“但是(But)”。
43．A.deep B．high
C．far D．heavy
解析：选B 根据上文中的“Toby had a fear of heights.”可知，托比爬到“高处(high)”就难受。
44．A.mistake B．failure
C．problem D．study
解析：选C 托比的爸爸在考虑儿子恐高这个“问题(problem)”。
45．A.help B．protect
C．teach D．tell
解析：选A 根据上下文语境可知，托比的爸爸要“帮助(help)”他，但是托比必须“面对(face)”自己的恐惧。
46．A.face B．find
C．hide D．forget
解析：选A 见上题解析。
47．A.busy B．free
C．smart D．ready
解析：选D 根据下文中的“I am ready！”可知，托比的爸爸问儿子“准备(ready)”好了吗。
48．A.bravely B．quietly
C．angrily D．coldly
解析：选A 根据上文中的“I am ready！”可知，托比“勇敢地(bravely)”回答。
49．A.doubted B．knew
C．felt D．decided
解析：选B 根据上文中的“We're going into the city！”可知，托比“知道(knew)”即将发生什么。
50．A.smallest B．strangest
C．oldest D．tallest
解析：选D 根据Toby恐高的特点及下文中的“It was the Eiffel Tower.”可知，埃菲尔铁塔是世界上“最高的(tallest)”标志性建筑之一。
51．A.persuaded B．guided
C．invited D．allowed
解析：选D 埃菲尔铁塔“允许(allowed)”游客爬到最高处。
52．A.throat B．nose
C．stomach D．mouth
解析：选C 由“Toby looked up at it and gasped”可知，极端的恐惧让Toby感到“胃(stomach)”很不舒服。
53．A.calmly B．simply
C．nervously D．politely
解析：选C 根据上文中的“Toby looked up at it and gasped”可知，托比不确定自己能不能爬到最高处，他很“紧张(nervously)”。
54．A.disliked B．sensed
C．expected D．remembered
解析：选B 根据下文中的“Don't worry”可知，托比的爸爸“感觉(sensed)”到了儿子的担心。
55．A.beat B．realize
C．accept D．consider
解析：选A 根据下文中的“He took a deep breath as they stepped through the entrance (入口)．”可知，今天托比要“战胜(beat)”自己的恐惧。
56．A.mountain B．house
C．tower D．tree
解析：选C 根据语境可知，托比在看埃菲尔铁“塔(tower)”。
57．A.Although B．If
C．Before D．As
解析：选D 根据“they made their way”及“the top”可知，“当(As)”爸爸拉着托比的时候，他们一起向埃菲尔铁塔“顶部(top)”走去。
58．A.top B．bottom
C．middle D．back
解析：选A 见上题解析。
59．A.missed B．crossed
C．reached D．saw
解析：选C 根据下文中的“he looked over Paris”可知，托比“到达(reached)”了埃菲尔铁塔顶部。
60．A.sadly B．weakly
C．secretly D．excitedly
解析：选D 根据语境可知，托比爬到埃菲尔铁塔顶部非常“高兴(excitedly)”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stephen Hawking, who tried 61.________ (explain) some of the most complicated questions of life while himself working under the shadow of a poor physical condition, has died at the age of 76.
He died 62.________ (peace) at his home in Cambridge in the early hours of Wednesday. The UK's Press Association reported his 63.________ (die), citing (引用)a spokesman for the family.
“Mr.Hawking and his contribution will be remembered forever，” Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu Kang said on Wednesday. “He was an outstanding scientist and a fighter who struggled against the disease and contributed greatly 64.________ mankind's understanding of science”．
65．________ (bear) in Oxford, England on 8 January, 1942, the British theoretical physicist 66.________ ( know) for his groundbreaking work with black holes and relativity, and was the author of several popular science books, 67.________ (include )A Brief History of Time.
His 68.________ (child), Lucy, Robert and Tim, said: “We are deeply saddened that our beloved father passed away today. He was a great scientist and 69.________ extraordinary man, 70.________ work and legacy(遗产)will live on for many years.” They praised his courage and persistence and said his talent and humor inspired people across the world.
【解题导语】 本文为人物传记。主要对伟大的物理学家霍金进行了简单的介绍。
61．解析：考查固定搭配。try to do sth.为固定搭配， 意为“尽力做某事，试图做某事”。故填to explain。
答案：to explain
62．解析：考查副词。句意：星期三凌晨他在剑桥的家里平静地死去。此处在句中修饰动词died, 修饰动词要用副词， 故填 peacefully。
答案：peacefully
63．解析：考查名词。句意：英国新闻协会报道了他的死亡……分析本句可知， 动词die前有形容词his修饰， 可知要用其名词形式death, 故填death。
答案：death
64．解析：考查固定搭配。句意：他是一位杰出的科学家和战士， 他奋力抗击疾病， 极大地促进了人类对科学的认识。contribute to为固定搭配， 意为“促进，有助于”，因此填to。
答案：to
65．解析：考查固定搭配。be born in 为固定搭配， 意为“出生于”。故填Born。
答案：Born
66．解析：考查固定搭配。be known for... 为固定搭配， 意为“以……出名”。根据文章可知， 霍金已经去世， 所以要用一般过去时， 故填was known。
答案：was known
67．解析：考查介词。句意：他还是几本科普读物的作者， 包括《时间简史》。分析本句可知， 几本书“包括(including)”《时间简史》。故填including。
答案：including
68．解析：考查名词复数。分析本句可知， 他有三个孩子，故填child的复数形式children。
答案：children
69．解析：考查冠词。句意：他是一位伟大的科学家， 他是一位了不起的人。分析句子可知，extraordinary是以元音音素开头的， 故填an。
答案：an
70．解析：考查定语从句。分析本句可知an extraordinary man 是先行词， 空处在从句中作定语， 修饰work，故填whose。
答案：whose
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Friday, just before the 66th National Day holiday, I conducted interview with James Watson, a famous American scientist, talk about how to become a successful scientist. On his opinion, to be a scientist, we needed to be very fond of science. What's most, we have to keep practicing as well as learn from other successful scientist. If we want to be a successful one, besides hard?working, we are supposing to set up for a clear goal as well. James Watson also suggest that every child who is curious about science should make your effort to realize the dream of becoming a scientist.
答案：
Last Friday, just before the 66th National Day holiday, I conducted interview with James Watson, a famous American scientist, about how to become a successful scientist. his opinion, to be a scientist, we to be very fond of science. What's ， we have to keep practicing as well as learn from other successful . If we want to be a successful one, besides hard?working, we are to set up a clear goal as well. James Watson also that every child who is curious about science should make effort to realize the dream of becoming a scientist.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·北京平谷区期中)
假如你是红星中学高一(1)班的李华，你校《英语报刊》人物专栏征稿。请你用英语介绍一位你敬仰的人物。内容包括以下三个部分：
1．对该人物的简单介绍；
2．敬仰该人物的理由；
3．从该人物身上得到的启示。
注意：词数100左右。
_________________________________________________________________
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One possible version:
Thomas Edison, born in America, was a great scientist and inventor. He was once considered as a boy who was not worth teaching. In fact, he was full of curiosity and imagination.
I admire him because of his contributions to the world. In his life, he was always trying out new ideas and had more than 1,000 inventions, many of which still have a great influence on our life today. He was also very diligent and believed that genius is one per cent inspiration and ninety?nine per cent perspiration. All these explained why he had so many great inventions and what he did inspires me to be creative in my work.
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