高中英语人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the world 语法 课件(34张）

(共34张PPT)
Grammar
Direct
and
Indirect
SpeechⅡ
Requests
and
Commands
1.
He
said:“I’ve
left
my
pen
in
my
room.”
→
He
told
me
that
he
had
left
his
book
in
his
room.
She
said
that
he
would
be
busy.
2.
She
said:“He
will
be
busy.”→
复习
(把下列直接引语改为间接引语)
She
asked
Tom
if/whether
he
could
help
her.
3.
She
said
to
Tom,
“Can
you
help
me ”→
1.
陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that,
在
口语中可省略。
例如：
He
said:
“I’ve
left
my
book
in
my
room.”
→
He
said
that
he
had
left
his
book
in
his
room.
复习规律
2.
疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接
词用if或whether,
She
said
to
Tom,
“Can
you
help
me ”
→
She
asked
Tom
if
/whether
he
could
help
her.
3.
特殊疑问句用原句中的特殊疑问词作连接
词,
改为陈述语序。例如：
→
The
teacher
asked
me
how
I
had
repaired
it.
The
teacher
asked,
“How
did
you
repair
it ”
4.
如何变时态：
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
一般过去时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
如：
1)
She
said.
“I
have
lost
a
pen.”
→She
said
she
had
lost
a
pen.
2)
She
said.
“We
hope
so.”
→She
said
they
hoped
so.
3)
She
said.
“He
will
go
to
see
his
friend.”
→She
said
he
would
go
to
see
his
friend.
1)直接引语是客观真理。
“The
earth
moves
around
the
sun
and
the
moon
moves
around
the
earth”,
the
teacher
told
me.
→
The
teacher
told
me
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun
and
the
moon
moves
around
the
earth.
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接
引语变为间接引语时,
时态一般不变化。
2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、
某日作状语,
变为间接引语时,
时态不变。
Xiao
Wang
said.
“I
was
born
on
April
2l,
1980.”
→Xiao
Wang
said
he
was
born
on
April
20,
1980.
3)直接引语中被引述的部分习惯性的动作或
说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,
时态
保持不变。
The
boy
said
to
us,
“I
usually
get
　　　
up
at
six
every
day.”
→
The
boy
told
us
he
usually
gets
up
at
six
every
day.
4)
若直接引语的谓语中含有would,
should,
might,
must,
used
to,
ought
to,
had
better等动词时。
如：
She
said,
“We
should
help
each
other.”
→
She
said
we
should
help
each
other.
5.
如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语,
状语变化有其内在规律,
时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例:
now变为then,
yesterday变为
the
day
before,
today变为that
day。
地点状语,
尤其表示方向性的,
或用指示代词修饰的状语,
由“此”改为“彼”。如:
He
said,
“These
books
are
mine.
”
→He
said
those
books
were
his.
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化:
this→
that;
these→
those
;
now→
then;
yesterday→
the
day
before;
today→
that
day;
tomorrow→
the
next
day;
next
week
(month,
year)→
the
next
week
(month,
year);
ago→
before;
here→
there．
1.
Could
I
use
your
bathroom
request
2.
Put
your
coat
in
the
closet.
command
3.
Speak
quietly
on
the
phone,
please.
request
Requests
or
Commands
4.
Will
you
help
me
with
my
homework
this
afternoon
request
5.
Could
you
meet
me
at
four
request
6.
Take
your
shoes
off
before
you
enter
the
room.
command
7.
Go
to
bed
right
now.
8.
Could
you
help
me
with
my
English
please
9.
Open
the
door
at
once.
10.
Would
you
please
give
me
that
book
request
command
command
request
Direct
speech
Requests:
Do
...
,
please.
Can
you...

Could
you
...

Will
you
...

Would
you
...

Commands:
Do
...
Don’t
...
Indirect
speech
Requests:
A
asked
B
to
do
sth.
A
asked
B
not
to
do
sth.
Commands:
A
told/ordered
B
to
do
sth.
A
told/ordered
B
not
to
do
sth.
祈使句的间接引语—采用
“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。
told/asked/ordered sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
祈使句的直接引语和间接引语
如果祈使句是表示请求,
间接引语的
动词常用ask;
如果是表示命令,
间接
引语的动词常用tell,
order,
command等。
直接引语
(变化前)
间接引语(变化后)
祈使句
The
officer
said
to
him,
“Don’t
leave
your
post.”
不定式
The
officer
ordered
him
not
to
leave
his
post.
直接引语
(变化前)
间接引语(变化后)
Let’s开头的祈使句
I
said
to
him,
“Let’s
start
at
once.”
that
引导的宾语从句
I
suggested
to
him
that
we
(should)
start
at
once.
He
said,
“Let’s
go
to
the
film.”
→He
suggested
going
to
the
film.
或
He
suggested
that
they
should
go
to
see
the
film.
直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,
变为间接引语时,
通常用“suggest
+
动句词(或从句)”。如:
直接引语
(变化前)
间接引语(变化后)
感叹句
He
said:
“How
happy
I
am!”
that/what/how引导的宾语从句
He
said
that
he
was
very
happy.
He
said
how
happy
he
was.
He
said,
“My
sister
was
here
for
three
days.”
He
said
that
____
sister
____
_____
_____
___
three
days.
2.
She
said
,”I’ll
go
there
tomorrow.”
She
said
that
____
______
go
there
____________.
his
had
been
there
for
she
would
the
next
day
练一练
3.
She
said,
“Did
you
see
him
last
night ”
She
_____
me
__________________
him
_______________.
4.
“When
did
you
go
to
bed
last
night ”
Father
said
to
Peter.
Father
_____
Peter
______________
____
the
night
______.
asked
if/whether
I
has
seen
the
night
before
asked
when
he
went
to
before
bed
5.
The
host
said
to
us,
“Please
come
to
see
us
again
if
you
have
time.”
___________________________
_______________________.
6.
The
teacher
said
to
me,
“Write
a
letter
to
your
parents.”
____________________________
____________________________
The
host
asked
us
to
go
to
see
them
again
if
we
had
time
The
teacher
told
me
to
write
a
letter
to
my
parents.
“Could
you
pass
me
the
salt ”
Mary
said
to
me.
→
Mary
asked
me
to
pass
her
the
salt.
2. “Show
me
your
license,
please.”
the
policeman
said
to
the
driver.
→
The
policeman
told
the
driver
to
show
him
the
license.
把直接引语转换为间接引语。
3.
The
teacher
said
to
me,
“Can
you
pass
on
the
book
to
Tom ”
→
4.
Mother
said
to
Li
ming,
“Stop
playing
computer
games!”
→
Mother
ordered
Li
ming
to
stop
playing
computer
games.
The
teacher
asked
me
to
pass
on
the
book
to
Tom.
5.
The
teacher
said
to
the
students,
“Don’t
waste
your
time.”
→
The
mother
asked
Tom
to
get
up
early.
6.
The
mother
said,
“Tom,
get
up
early,
please.”→
The
teacher
told
the
students
not
to
waste
their
time.
1.
“Please
close
the
window,”
he
said
to
me.
→He
______
me
_____
the
window.
　A.
said
to;
to
close
B.
told
to;
closing
　C.
asked;
to
close
D.
said
to;
please
close
Choose
the
best
answer.
C
2.
He
said,
“Don’t
do
that
again.”
He
_____
me
_______
that
again.
A.
said
to
me;
not
to
do
B.
said
to
me;
don’t
do
C.
told
me;
don’t
do
D.
told
me;
not
to
do
D
3.
“Don’t
put
it
on
my
hat.”his
wife
said
to
him.
His
wife
told
him
____
put
it
on
___hat.
A.
don’t,
his
B.
don’t,
her
C.
not
to,
his
D.
not
to,
her
D
4.
Rose
asked
Tom,
“Did
you
see
my
purse ”
Rose
asked
Tom
_____.
A.
whether
that
he
had
seen
her
purse
B.
whether
he
had
seen
her
purse
C.
that
whether
he
had
seen
her
purse
D.
that
if
he
has
seen
her
purse
B
5.
“Please
close
the
window,
”
he
said
to
me.

→He
______
me
_____
the
window.
A.
said
to;
to
close
B.
told
to;
closing
C.
asked;
to
close
D.
said
to;
please
close
C