人教课标版高中英语选修8 Unit1 A land of diversity learning about language （共34张PPT）

(共34张PPT)

高二英语 选修8


unit 1 learning about language



welcome
Unit 1 A land of diversity
名词性从句（一）
教学目标:

1.了解名词性从句的含义。
2. 掌握各类连接词的用法和各类从句中需 要注意的问题。
3. 运用名词性从句
教学重点和难点
掌握各类连接词的用法和各类从句中需要注意的问题。
实际运用名词性从句

Look at the following red parts in the sentences and think about what role do these parts play in the sentences.
What attracts people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle.
主语
This is why each year a great number of people from all over the world try to immigrate to California.
表语
However, most applicants know that they have very little chance of getting a visa.
宾语
1. 概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。
名词性从句
What he wants to tell us is not clear.

I believe (that) he is honest.

The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker.
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
词形 词义 在从句中所作的成分
连
词
that 无词义 不作成分
If/whether 是否 不作成分
连
接
代
词 What(ever) 什么，(凡是…的) 主语，宾语，表语，定语
Which(ever) 哪一个(凡是..的那一个 ) 主语，宾语，定语
Who(ever) 谁(凡是…的人) 主语，宾语，
Whom(ever) 谁(凡是…的人) 宾语
Whose(ever) 谁的(凡是…的) 定语
连
接
副
词 When(ever) 什么时候(凡是…的时间） 状语
Where(ever) 哪里(凡是…的地方) 状语
How(ever) 怎么(无论怎么) 状语
why 为什么 状语
. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类
What he wants to tell us is not clear.

I believe (that) he is honest.

The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker.
The question how he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
主语从句需注意的问题
It?is?quite?clear?that?the?whole?project?is?doomed?to?failure.　
It's?a?pity?that?you?should?have?to?leave.　


It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.
It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.
It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not.
一 、用 it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是……
It is an honor that ……非常荣幸
It is a pity that… 遗憾的是
(2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should)
It is natural that … 很自然……
It is strange that … 奇怪的是……
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句
It seems that … 似乎……
It happened that … 碰巧……
It appears that … 似乎……
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句
It is reported that … 据报道……
It has been proved that … 已证实…
It is said that … 据说……
二， 主谓一致问题
从句作主语时， 主句的谓语一般用单数，但what 和who 引导主语从句时， 有时主句谓语依据表语的名词而定。
Whether he can come tomorrow is still unknown.
What they need is love.
What they need books.
are
宾语从句中需注意的问题
一坚持
二命令
三建议
四要求
外加渴望和督促

在order,(命令），sugges, advise(建议）等的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即：”should+动词原形“，should 常可省。

Insist
Order, command
Advise, suggest, recommend
Demand, require, request, ask
Desire, urge
It作形式宾语
1.主句谓语动词是find, feel, consider, make, believe等时， 常用it 作形式宾语，将宾语从句置于宾补后。
我们都认为立刻做出决定很重要。
We all think it important that we make a quick decision.
如果你来帮忙，我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you come to help.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.
2.表示喜好，憎恶类动词like ,enjoy,appreciate,dislike,hate,以及see to ,depend on作主句谓语时，用it 作形式宾语。
介词后的宾语从句
一般情况下，介词后常连接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except 等少数介词后也可用that引导的宾语从句。
We are talking about whether we should admit students into our club.
The paper was perfect except that there were some misprints.
从句的时态
如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时, 过去进行时), 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态。
When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know …
We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk.
Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked …
He asked if/whether Mr. Green had been in Beijing for five years.
表语从句中需注意的问题
1. seem, look ，等动词后均可跟表语从句：
It looks that he is very angry.
It seems that it is going to rain.
2. as if/though, because 也可引导表语从句。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
It was because I got up late.
3. because, why 引导表语从句的区别
That was because he was ill. (强调原因)
That’s why he asked for a two-day leave.
(强调结果)

The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.
在表语从句中, 当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that, 不能用because
整体应注意的问题
语序: 在任何下，名词性从句都用陈述句语序：连接词＋陈述句
合成一个句子：
What did he said? Tom asked it.
Tom asked what he said.
When will you go abroad? This is my question.
My question is when you will go abroad.
Whether 与if 的关系
只用whether 的情况：
引导表语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether.
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.
2.在主语从句中,用 it 作形式主语时, whether 和 if 都可以。否则, 只能用 whether。如:
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.


3.. 在介词之后，只用whether。(介词往往可以省略) 如:
It all depends (on) whether they will support us.
4. 后面直接跟动词不定式时,只用whether。如：
　 He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.
5.. 后面紧接 or not 时,只用whether。如：
　 We didn’t know whether or not
she was ready.
if, whether 均可使用的情况
A. 实意动词后宾语从句。如：
I wonder if (whether) the news is
true or not.
B. 在“be + 形容词”之后。如：
He was not sure whether (if) it is
right or wrong.
1.Go and get your coat.It's_______you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there
2.The problem is_______ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that
3.Our father promised_______ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which
4.I remember_______ I was brought up on the farm . A.that B.when C.where D.what
5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever
choosing

用关系词填空
1.All of us wonder ____ cleaned the classroom.
2.It is a fact ____ he didn’t keep his promise made me very angry.
3. ____ he is right is certain.
4.The truth is _____ he has come back.
5.He asked _____ was the matter.
6.I don’t know _______ or not the professor will give us a lecture.
7. ___________they went there that evening is not clear
8. _________ should be done has been done.

who
that
That
that
what
whether
How/Why
Whatever

改错
1： The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.
2: He will give up his job surprises us.
3: Who breaks the law will be punished.
4: If t he meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.
5: His mother was worried what he couldn’t get in touch with her friend.
6. -----I rang you at about ten, but there is no reply.
---- Oh, that was probably why I was seeing the doctor.

Whoever
Whether
That
that
because
that
改写成含有名词性从句的复合句
1. Julie became a poet. It may have been due to her uncle’s influence.(主语从句)
2. He is said to go abroad and marry an American girl next week.(主语从句)
3. It used to be a quiet village. I still remember that time.(宾语从句)
4. Why doesn‘t he choose Harvard University for further his studies? It was my question. (表语从句)



主语从句应注意的问题
1.用 it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is＋名词＋从句
(2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should)
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句
2.主谓一致问题

宾语从句应注意的问题
1.
一坚持
二命令
三建议
四要求
外加渴望和督促
2. It作形式主句谓语动词是find, feel, consider, make, believe等时， 常用it 作形式宾语，将宾语从句置于宾补后。
3 .表示喜好，憎恶类like ,enjoy,appreciate,dislike,hate,以及see to ,depend on作主句谓语时，用it 作形式宾语宾语
4.一般情况下，介词后常连接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except 等少数介词后也可用that引导的宾语从句。



表语从句应注意的问题
1. seem, look ，等动词后均可跟表语从句
2. as if/though, because 也可引导表语从句。
3. because, why 引导表语从句的区别
在表语从句中, 当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that, 不能用because


整体应注意的问题
语序: 在任何情况下，名词性从句都用陈述句语序：连接词＋陈述句
只用whether 的情况：
引导表语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether.
2 .在主语从句中,用 it 作形式主语时, whether 和 if 都可以。否则, 只能用 whether。
3.. 在介词之后，只用whether。(介词往往可以省略)
4. 后面直接跟动词不定式时,只用whether。
5.. 后面紧接 or not 时,只用whether。
if, whether 均可使用的情况
A. 引导宾语从句。
B. 在“be + 形容词”之后。

教学目标:

1.了解名词性从句的含义。
2. 掌握各类连接词的用法和各类从句中需 要注意的问题。
3. 实际运用名词性从句



homework
1.熟练掌握各类连接词的用法。
2. 完成相关名词性从句的练习。
Good bye