人教版（2019）第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课件+练习（13份打包）

课件29张PPT。Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Discovering Useful Structures动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
【情境探究】观察上面的情景, 根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)They see a man _______(come), _______(hold) a bird
cage.
(2)The man may find the bird really ________(annoy),
who usually makes a noise. comingholdingannoying【要义详析】
一、动词ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后, 补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下, 及物动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的动词或使役动词。*(2019?江苏高考)A Mexican farmer was surprised to
see smoke rising from a small part of his land.
一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现从他的一小块地里冒出了
烟。
*I felt my heart beating violently when I was seeing
the 70th anniversary of foundation of China.
我看中国建国70周年庆典的时候, 感到心潮澎湃。1. 动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后, 用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语, 表示一个正在进行的主动的动作, 强调一个过程或一种状态。
*In the crowded cafe, I heard a friendly voice saying, “You can share my table. ”
在一个拥挤的咖啡馆, 我听到一个友好的声音在说: “你可以和我坐在一桌。”*He saw a girl wandering on the street this time yesterday.
他昨天这个时候看到一个女孩正在街上闲逛。【名师点津】
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后, 既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语, 也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语, 两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时, 表示动作正在进行; 用省略to的不定式时, 表示动作发生了, 即动作的全过程结束了。*Today on my way home, I saw a man running along the street hurriedly.
今天在我回家的路上, 我看到一个男人正匆忙从街上跑过。
*I saw him enter the room and take something away.
我看到他进入房间, 并拿着东西离开了。　【即学活用】
(1)I _______a thief stealing money from the old
woman’s pocket yesterday.
昨天我注意到一个小偷正在从那位上年纪的女士口袋
里偷钱。
(2)She ______________________at the door. ?
她听到有人在敲门。noticedheard someone knocking(3)He ________________________________. ?
他看见一个女孩上车把车开走了。
(4)Can you ______________the song in the next
room? ?
你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? saw a girl get on the car and drive offhear her singing2. 动词-ing形式在使役动词宾补结构中的使用
使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语, 表示“让……一直做某
事”
*It’s cold. We should have the fire burning all the time.
天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
*I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。【名师点津】
(1)have/get+宾语+done, done是过去分词作宾语补足语。包括两层意思:
①让别人去做某事。
*He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.
他明天让人给他修电脑。② (主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)。
*He had/got his computer stolen the other day.
前几天他的电脑被偷了。
(2)have +宾语+do sth. 意思是“让某人去干某事”。
*Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.
妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。【名师点津】
leave(使……处于某种状态), keep(使……保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补足语, 而不跟动词不定式。
*Many teachers keep parents informed of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
许多老师通过在微信上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。　【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空
(1)Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English
_________(improve) in a short period.
(2)Don’t leave the water _______(run) while you brush your
teeth.
(3)Mother has the little girl ____(play) the piano this afternoon.
(4)He needed to have some paperwork ________(deliver) across
the country the next day. improvedrunningplaydelivered3. 现在分词在with复合结构中的使用
在with复合结构中, 现在分词充当宾语补足语, 表动作的“正在进行”.
*Singing “You don’t know love, Fa Hai”, she threw the tortoise into the river, with tears filling her eyes.
她唱着《法海你不懂爱》, 把那只乌龟扔进了河里, 眼里满是泪水。*(2019?全国卷Ⅰ)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?
乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山, 挤满了成群的游客, 破坏了它宁静的气氛, 它应得这样的声誉吗? 【名师点津】
在with的复合结构中, 也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。
*All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
*I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.
要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了。【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空
(1)I love my school with students ________(work)hard to realize
their dreams and teachers _______(help) us like our parents. ?
(2)(2019?江苏高考)China’s image is improving steadily, with
more countries __________(recognize) its role in international
affairs.
(3)With Christmas ___________(approach), a Christmas party
will be held in the school. workinghelpingrecognizingapproaching二、动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式可以作状语, 修饰动词, 在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首; 作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。*Swallowing Little Red Hat, the wolf went to bed and slept.
大灰狼吞下了小红帽, 然后上床睡觉了。(时间状语)
*I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.
得知你对中国历史感兴趣我很高兴。(原因状语)1. 动词-ing形式表示时间。
*(2019?全国卷Ⅰ)Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. (= When I heard these stories. . . )
当我听到这些故事的时候, 我对这个地方有点怀疑。
2. 动词-ing形式表示原因。
*Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. (= As I don’t know his address. . . )
因为不知道他的地址, 我不能把这本书寄给他。3. 动词-ing形式表示结果。
*His father died, leaving him a lot of money. (=. . . and left him a lot of money)
他父亲死了, 留给他许多钱。
4. 动词-ing形式表示条件。
*Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. (= If you go straight down the road. . . )
顺着这条路一直走, 你就会发现那家百货商店。5. 动词-ing形式表示让步。
Being tired, they went on working. (Although they were tired. . . )
尽管很累了, 可他们继续工作。
6. 动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。
*He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. (=. . . and stared at the sky for a long time)
他躺在草地上, 长时间地望着天空。【名师点津】
非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。
*The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 末班车已经开走了, 我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)*Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天气允许的话, 足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)　【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空
(1) ______________(finish) his homework, he was
playing on the playground. 世纪金榜导学号?
(2) ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first
prize.
(3)People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave)
large amounts of waste. Having finishedStudyingleaving(4) ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to
succeed.
(5)The old man, _____________(work) abroad for
twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. ?
Workinghaving worked课件39张PPT。Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Listening and Speaking 【导语】“以牙还牙”“一报还一报”, 在英语中对应的表达是“To meet violence with violence”“To answer blows with blows”或者“To give tit for tat”。世界总会有它的阴暗面, 当我们看到或者不幸经历时, 不应该被仇恨和怨气蒙蔽了心智。Two wrongs don’t make a right. 有时候, 用善良去净化, 用爱去改造, 用美德去感化也许是更好的选择。 ? 注: 听音填空
Kill’em With Kindness
The world can be a nasty place
You know it, I know it, yeah
We don’t have to fall from grace
Put down the weapons you ①_________?
Kill’em with kindnessfight withKill’em with kindness
Kill’em, kill’em, kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindness
Go ahead, go ahead, go ahead now
We’re running ②__________?
Chasing our liesout of timeEveryday a small piece of you dies
Always somebody
You’re willing to fight, ③_________?
Your lies are bulletsto be rightYour mouth’s a gun
And no war and anger
Was ever won
Put out the fire before igniting
Next time you’re fighting
Kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindnessKill’em, kill’em, kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindness
Go ahead, go ahead, go ahead now
Go ahead, go ahead now
Go ahead, go ahead now
Your lies are bulletsYour mouth’s a gun
No war ④_________?
Was ever wonand angerPut out the fire before igniting
Next time you’re fighting
Kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindness
Kill’em, kill’em, kill’em with kindness
Kill’em with kindnessKill’em with kindness
Go ahead, go ahead, go ahead now
Go ahead, go ahead now
Go ahead, go ahead now
Go ahead, go ahead now【词海拾贝】译文:
这个世界可以很可恶
你知道, 我知道, 是的
我们并不用丧失理智
放下你进攻用的武器
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们用善良打败、打败、打败他们
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们
行动啊, 行动啊, 现在就行动
我们耗尽时间
用来追逐我们的谎言
生命因此在日渐枯竭总有一些人
为了正义, 你们愿意战争
你的谎言是子弹
你的嘴是枪
然而没有什么战争和怒火
会取得胜利
在爆发之前把火扑灭下一次你攻击的时候
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们
用善良打败、打败、打败他们
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们
行动啊, 行动啊, 现在就行动行动啊, 现在就行动
行动啊, 现在就行动
你的谎言是子弹
你的嘴是枪
然而没有什么战争和怒火
会取得胜利
在爆发之前把火扑灭下一次你攻击的时候
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们
用善良打败、打败、打败他们
用善良打败他们
用善良打败他们行动啊, 行动, 现在就行动
行动啊, 现在就行动
行动啊, 现在就行动
行动啊, 现在就行动【话题点拨】
　　德育是学校教育的重要任务之一, 是英语学科核心素养的重要内容。主要涉及学生了解良好的道德品质和美德的相关内容, 培养并继承传统的中华民族的美德, 在日常学习生活中践行道德风尚。【话题词汇】
1. be willing to help others　　　乐于助人
2. be generous 要慷慨大方
3. offer to take on responsibility 主动承担责任
4. devote yourself to serving the people 致力于服务人民
5. hardworking and kind 勤劳善良6. look after the old 照料老人
7. love our homeland 热爱祖国
8. respect our parents and teachers 尊重父母师长
9. be honest and friendly 诚实友好
10. serve as a volunteer 担任志愿者【话题句式】
1. I feel greatly honored to be devoted to serving the people.
致力于为人民服务使我感到很荣幸。
2. It’s our duty to love and protect our homeland.
热爱并保护我们的祖国是我们的责任。3. We are supposed to respect our parents and teachers.
我们应该尊重父母师长。
4. Being honest and friendly is of great importance for us students.
诚实友好对于我们学生来说很重要。5. Being hardworking and kind, we Chinese will stand rock-firm in the family of nations forever.
我们勤劳善良的中华民族将会永远屹立于世界民族之林。
6. I believe a small act of kindness can make a big difference.
我相信一个小小的善举可以起到很大的作用。【发音技巧】
升调
升调(Rising Intonation)是我们在进行语言表达时, 句子的最后一个实词的重读音节上升的语调。这取决于我们说话时的语气, 或试图用语调表达的情感或态度。升调常用于一般疑问句、选择性疑问句、肯定或否定的回答、反意疑问句以及某些陈述句等句式中。常见用法如下: 1. 一般疑问句提问时使用: 表示等待回答者确认或者表示礼貌。
Is it your↗book?
Could you↗help me?
2. 选择性疑问句, 先升调, 再降调: 表示等待回答者确认。
Would you like↗juice or ↘milk? 3. Yes/No回答时使用: 表示等待提问者继续阐述他想谈论的话题。
—You know Tom?
—↗Yes.
4. 反意疑问句句末使用: 表示对所说的内容不确定。
You don’t like swimming, do↗you? 5. 陈述句句中使用: 表示尚未结束, 向另一个人发出信号, 请您等待。(一般情况下陈述句使用降调)
The project was ↘difficult.
The project was↗difficult, but we finished it on time. 【对点演练】
听下面一段对话, 回答问题, 并注意对
话中的升调。
【听力原文】
M: Hey, Carol. Where are you going in such a hurry?
W: Oh, hi, Sam. I’m sorry I can’t stay and chat. I’m going to a
cafe to meet the guy who found my phone.
M: That’s great news! I’m glad you are going to get it back. W: Yeah, I was really upset when I couldn’t find it.
②Luckily, the last number I called was my office. He used my phone to call my office this morning, ①and told me that he found the phone in the movie theater.
M: In the movie theater?
W: Yeah, I went to see a late movie last night with some friends. I guess this guy went to the first movie today. M: What are you going to do when you meet the guy?
W: Good question. I will thank him for giving my phone back to me. Do you think that’s enough?
M: ③Maybe you should offer him some money.
W: I don’t know. Maybe if he seems nice, ④I’ll offer to buy him lunch. I’m kind of hungry anyway. 1. Where did the woman lose her phone?
A. At her office. 　　　　　　B. In a cafe.
C. In a movie theater.
2. What did the guy do when he found the phone?
A. He called the police.
B. He called the last number on it.
C. He called one of the woman’s friends. 3. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Give the guy some money.
B. Buy the guy some food.
C. Invite the guy to see a movie.
4. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. At night. 　　　B. Around midday. 　
C. In the early morning.
答案: 1～4. CBAB【情境交际】
英语课上, 老师鼓励学生们探讨优秀的道德品质, 同学们踊跃
发言。
根据汉语提示完成对话。
Teacher: As we all know, we Chinese 1. __________
________________(有很多传统美德). Next, I want to find
some students to tell us something about our virtues. Li Hua,
please! ?have manytraditional virtuesLi Hua: Thanks, Ms Liu. I think 2. _____________
________________________(最重要的美德之一是诚信).
Honesty is the base of the society. ?
Teacher: Very good. Wang Lei, do you have something to
say?
Wang Lei: Yes, Ms Liu. In my opinion, diligence is more
important, because we Chinese 3. _____________(因……而
著称) being diligent and hardworking. ?one of the mostimportant virtues is honestyare known forTeacher: Good! Anyone else?
Han Meimei: Ms Liu, I think kindness is 4. _______
______________________(对我们社会很重要). ?of greatimportance to our society　李华在路上捡到一张车票, 为了找到失主, 耽误了看电影, 她正在和Linda讲述此次经历……
Linda: Hi, Li Hua. How was the movie yesterday?
Li Hua: 　1　 I only saw part of it. ?
Linda: What happened?
Li Hua: On the way to the cinema, I picked up a train ticket. It leaves in three hours. Linda: 　2　?
Li Hua: Yeah, so immediately I called the police and finally helped to give it back to the owner.
Linda: It’s very kind of you. 　3　?
Li Hua: Yes. But in that situation, I must help the owner first. 　4　. ?
Linda: Yeah, I can’t agree more. A. And then you missed the movie?
B. I believe a small act of kindness can make a big difference.
C. Oh, the owner must be in trouble.
D. It’s a pity!
答案: 1～4. DCAB课件83张PPT。Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Reading and ThinkingⅠ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. a moral ________(困境)
2. to obtain this ________(珍贵的) opportunity
3. _______(委托) me with that life
4. the ________(大多数) of lifedilemmapreciousentrustmajority5. ________(抱怨) about the poor conditions
6. _______(答复) to your questions
7. to be ____d(雇用) as a resident physician
8. _____(拒绝) my invitation
9. to be _________(任命)as director of the OB-GYN
departmentcomplainrespondhirerejectappointed10. over the next several _______(十年)
11. be interested in _______(照顾) patients
12. be ______(害怕的) in the interview
13. the _____(急剧的) increase in the cost
14. keep a busy mind smart and ________(充满活力的)
15. _______(取代) plastic bags with paper bagsdecadestendingscaredsharpenergeticreplaceⅡ. 用恰当的介词或副词填空
1. Dr Lin graduated _____ Peking Union Medical
College.
2. Dr Lin opened a clinic for people __ need of help.
3. My teacher’s help carried me _______ those hard
days in senior high school.
4. We should be responsible ___ the patients. frominthroughfor5. People tend __ make mistakes when they are tired.
6. She was known __ the “mother of ten thousand
babies”.
7. During the exam, the student next __ him fainted.
8. You can entrust Tom ____ this matter. toastowithⅠ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Dr Lin married earlier.
B. Her mother complained about her learning medicine.
C. Her brother was against her studying medicine.
D. Dr Lin gave in to her brother. 2. Dr Lin was really ______in the field of medical research? ?
A. normal　　　　　　　　B. outstanding
C. ordinary D. traditional3. The followings are all reasons why Dr Lin opened her own clinic except ______. ?
A. to help those in need of help
B. to reduce costs for poor patients
C. to make some money to do other things
D. to continue her wish to treat patients4. What can we know about the life of Dr Lin?
A. She had babies of her own.
B. She was interested in the positions in government.
C. She devoted herself to the patients.
D. She built a kindergarten to help the poor. 5. Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin?
A. Warmhearted and careful.
B. Positive and confident.
C. Devoted and thankful.
D. Hardworking and kind.
答案: 1～5. CBCCDⅢ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。译文: 六个月内, 她_________首席住院医师, 这个职位
通常需要_________________。被任命为花费四年才会获得译文: 尽管林巧稚没有结婚, 但是她却以“万婴之母”
著称, ___________5万多名孩子。一生接生了2. 根据课文内容完成短文
Lin Qiaozhi is known (1)__ the “mother of ten
thousand babies”(2)_______ she had delivered over
50, 000 babies in her lifetime. When she was 18 years
old, she chose (3) _______(study) medicine instead of
following the traditional path of marriage like the
majority of girls. (4)_____ graduating from Pekingasbecauseto studyAfterUnion Medical College, she immediately became the
first woman (5) __________(hire) as a resident
physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital. Then during the war, she opened her own
clinic to help the patients. After the foundation of the
new People’s Republic of China, she held many
important (6)________(position), but she was moreto be hiredpositionsinterested (7) _________(tend) patients. Dr Lin didn’t
retire (8)_____ the day she died, 22 April 1983. ?in tendinguntil3. 阅读主题活动
(1)What kind of good morals do you think Dr Lin has?
________________________________?
(2)How do you feel after you read the passage about
Dr Lin?
_____________________________________________
_______________________?She is kind, hardworking, selfless. . .I feel inspired by what Dr Lin has done and want todo more for those in need.1. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
*These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into what carried her through a life of hard choices.
林巧稚医生的这些话可以让我们了解是什么帮助她渡过人生中的艰难选择的。*That’s my study plan for the summer holidays, and I’ll try my best to carry it out.
那就是我的暑假学习计划, 我将尽我的最大努力执行下去。
*Only when you are in good health can you carry on studying.
只有当你身体健康状况良好的时候你才能继续学习。【语块积累】
carry through　　　　　　完成; 进行到底
carry out 执行, 实行; 贯彻; 实现
carry on 开展; 维持; 继续
carry forward 继承, 弘扬【即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)The activity is aimed at carrying ________ the Chinese
traditional culture.
(2)We should carry ___ the plan strictly and carefully.
(3)We hope that more artists will carry ___ and develop the
folk art.
(4)It was my mother that carried me _______ my hard time in
middle school. forwardoutonthrough2. majority n. 大部分; 大多数
*When I have a different opinion, I always respect the opinion of the majority.
当我有不同观点时, 我总是尊重多数人的观点。
*The majority of the students hold the view that it’s convenient to go to school by electric bike.
大多数学生持有以下观点: 骑电动车上学很方便。*After all, those who are against the project are in the majority.
毕竟, 反对这个项目的人占多数。【语块积累】
(1)the/a majority of　　　大多数的……
in the majority 占多数
(2)反义词:
minority n. 少数, 少部分
a minority of 少数的……【名师点津】the majority of后接名词用法
“the majority of+名词”用作主语时, 谓语动词与名词保持一致。“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; “the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。【即学活用】
(1)WeChat is to the taste of ___________________,
especially the youth. ?
微信符合大多数人的胃口, 尤其是年轻人。
(2)I believe that students supporting me are _____
________. ?
我相信支持我的学生占多数。 the majority of peoplein themajority(3)On the other hand, ____________students are
opposed to it. ?
另一方面, 少数学生反对。 a minority of3. complain vi. &vt. 抱怨; 发牢骚
*My father is very brave, hard-working, responsible and most importantly he never complains.
我的父亲非常勇敢, 勤劳, 负责, 最为重要的是, 他从来不抱怨。*September is around the corner, and some of us are already complaining about summer’s end.
九月即将来临, 我们中的一些人已经在抱怨夏季的结束了。
*I have to make a complaint about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.
我要投诉你们餐馆里极差的食物和服务。【语块积累】
(1)complain to sb. 　　　　　向某人诉说
complain about sth. 抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 投诉, 抱怨, 怨言
make a complaint about 抱怨……【即学活用】语法填空
(1)He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain
_____ the reporter’s story.
(2)Jane is my best friend and I can complain __ her
when I am unhappy.
(3)I’d like to be informed of the process of your
dealing with my _________(complain). abouttocomplaint4. respond vt. 回答; 回复 vi. 做出反应; 回应
*She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life! ”
她回答道: “我宁愿为了学习一辈子单身! ”
*Starbucks has responded to the video of its workers throwing a homeless man out.
星巴克就员工把流浪汉赶出去的视频做出了回应。*I’m writing to have a brief introduction of Beijing Opera in response to your request.
我写信简要介绍京剧以回答你的要求。【语块积累】
(1)respond to sb. 　　　答复某人
respond to sth. 对……做出回应
(2)response n. 反应; 回答; 答复
in response to 为了回应【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①I prefer to respond __ e-mails that I receive right when I
get to work.
②I am writing in ________(respond) to the position as a
volunteer advertised on the Internet.
(2)We would appreciate it ____________________________. ?
如能即刻回复, 我们将不胜感激。 toresponseif you could respond right away5. appoint vt. 任命; 委任
*Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
林医生成为第一位被任命为协和医院妇产科主管的中国女性。*His high school coach appointed him to be/as manager of the team.
他所在中学的教练任命他为球队领队。
*I have made an appointment with a specialist, and my mother will take me to see him.
我已经预约了一名专家, 我妈妈将带我去看他。【语块积累】
(1)appoint sb. as/to be. . . 　　　任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命; 约会
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
keep (break) an appointment 守约(失约)【即学活用】
(1)I won’t be able to ___________________to discuss
traditional Chinese paintings with you. ?
我无法守约和你讨论中国传统绘画。
(2)It made sense to __________________________it. ?
任命一位女性处理这件事是合理的。 keep my appointmentappoint a woman to deal with(3)用appoint的正确形式填空 世纪金榜导学号
Whenever you make ____________ with others, make
sure you have understood all the details and try to get
there a few minutes before the _________ time. appointmentsappointed6. tend vt. 照顾; 照料　vi. 倾向; 趋于
*She was more interested in tending patients.
她对于照顾病人更感兴趣。
*(2019?天津高考)Some people tend to look down upon disabled people.
有些人往往瞧不起残疾人。*As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency to get anxious with time going by.
作为一名高三学生, 随着时间的推移你会感到焦虑, 这是正常的。【语块积累】
(1) tend to do sth. 　　　　倾向于做某事
tend sb. /sth. 照料/照看……
(2)tendency n. 倾向, 趋势
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①While I hate to admit it, people always tend __
_____(judge) a person by his or her appearance
initially. ?
②There is a slow ________(tend)that “the beat
culture” is popular with the youths in China. tojudgetendency(2)I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms
Wang ____________________ in the hospital. ?
我写信真诚地感谢在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士。 who tended my mother7. scare vt. 惊吓; 使害怕 vi. 受惊吓
*It scared him to realize how close he had come to losing everything.
一想到差点就一无所有, 他心有余悸。
*(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) The gun shots had scared the dog off.
枪声把狗吓跑了。*We are always facing the problem of scaring birds away from airport runways.
我们总是面临着如何把鸟从机场跑道吓跑的问题。
*There’s nothing in school that can make you scared. Cheer yourself up.
在学校里没有什么能让你害怕。鼓起勇气吧。【语块积累】
(1)scare away/off　　　　　吓走, 吓跑……
be scared to death 吓得要死
(2)scared adj. 害怕的; 对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared of sb. /sth. 害怕某人或某事
be scared to do sth. 不敢去做某事
(3)scary adj. 可怕的; 恐怖的【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①When I had my first exam, I failed in it and felt so
______ (scare)that I even didn’t want to go to school
again. ?
②She was scared __ death at the sight of a snake. scaredto(2) ___________________is that I’m going to study in
a strange place. ?
一想到我会在一个陌生的地方学习, 我就非常害怕。
(3)She __________walking alone at night. ?
她害怕晚上一个人走路。 What scares me mostis scared of8. replace vt. 接替; 取代; 更换
*It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never replace your own culture.
喜欢并向其他的文化学习很好, 但是它们永远无法替代你自己的文化。*Koch and Meir, two American women astronauts were expected to spend more than five hours outside the space station to replace a failed power controller.
美国的两位女宇航员科克和迈尔原本预计在空间站外停留5个多小时, 以更换故障电源控制器。*I will no longer use one-off things and replace plastic bags with paper bags.
我将不会再使用一次性物品, 并且用纸袋替换塑料袋。【语块积累】
(1) replace sth. with sth. 　　　　　用某物替代某物
(2)同义短语: take the place of
=take sb. ’s place 取代【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①Vinod Khosla suggests that we get rid of 80% of
doctors and replace them ____ robots.
②Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can
never __________(replace). ?withbe replaced(2)同义句转换
Nothing can replace face-to-face communication
between parents and kids.
=Nothing can ______________ face-to-face
communication between parents and kids. ?take the place of9. To a person nothing is more precious than their life. 对于一个人来说, 生命是最宝贵的。?
【句式解构】
本句是一个简单句。句中nothing is more precious than为比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级。
*If you are free, nothing will be better if you can come to China to attend a traditional wedding. 如果你有空的话, 要是你能来中国参加一场传统婚礼那就最好了。*In my opinion, nothing is more important than health in life.
在我看来, 在生活中健康是最重要的。【名师点津】“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
Nothing is more difficult than that.
没有什么比那更难了。(意译: 那最难了。)
此外, “否定词+比较级”也可表示强调
I couldn’t agree with you any more.
我十分赞同你的观点。【即学活用】
(1)I __________________________than this. ?
我从未读过这么好的书。
(2)I can tell you that there is _________________being
praised by my teacher before my classmates. ?
我可以告诉你在同学面前被老师赞扬是最好的事了。 have never read a better booknothing better than(3)一句多译
他们认为读原版书是最快乐的事。
→They think ___________________________reading
books in the original. (用比较级)?
→They think reading books in the original is ________
_________ thing. (用最高级)?nothing is more enjoyable thanthe mostenjoyable10. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她立刻成为第一位被雇用为协和医院妇产科主管的女性。?【句式解构】
本句是一个简单句。句中to be hired. . . 为不定式作定语修饰名词woman。
*The book I read is about Tu Youyou, the first Chinese woman scientist to win the Nobel Prize.
我读的这本书是关于屠呦呦的, 她是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性科学家。*But Wang Hui, the last to run, fell down suddenly when he took the stick from another boy. 但是最后一个跑的王辉, 在从另一个男孩那里接过接力棒的时候突然摔倒了。【名师点津】
如果名词前面有序数词和形容词最高级, 后面就用动词不定式作后置定语, 如:
*She is the first one to arrive. 她是第一个到的。【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①For a student, studying is the first thing __________
(consider)while appearance is the second. ?
②Lincoln was the first president ______(pass) laws to
stop slavery. ?to considerto pass(2)一句多译
她总是第一个回答问题。
→She is always the first _________________. (用不定
式作定语)?
→She is always the first ____________________. (定
语从句)? to answer questionswho answers questions【要点拾遗】
1. dilemma n. 进退两难的境地; 困境
*A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more choices to make.
道德困境就是你有两个甚至更多选择的处境。*Which choice to take will possibly put some people into a dilemma.
该做出哪一个选择很可能使一些人陷于困境中。
*She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at school or get a job.
她进退两难, 不知该留在学校读书还是找份工作。 【语块积累】
put sb. into a dilemma　　　使某人陷入困境
in a dilemma 处于困境中【即学活用】
(1)It is beneficial to some people, while it __________
_____________over whether to vote or not. ?
它对某些人有益处, 但会使其他人就是否投票陷入困
境。puts othersinto a dilemma(2)I am caught ____________when choosing a major
for myself. ?
当为我自己选择一个专业的时候我陷于困境之中。
(3)He ___________________of whether or not to
return to his country. ?
他正面临着要不要回国的两难境地。in a dilemmais facing the dilemma2. elect vt. 选举, 推选
【句式解构】
*In 1954, she was elected to the First National People’s Congress.
在1954年, 她被选举参加第一届全国人民代表大会。
*Owing to his great work, Mandela was elected(as/to be) President of South Africa.
由于他的伟大工作, 曼德拉被选举为南非总统。【语块积累】
(1)elect sb. to be/as. . . 　　选举某人为……
elect to do sth. 决定做某事
(2)election n. 选举; 推选; 当选【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①All the students who want to enter for the _______
(elect)will give a self-introduction.
②The artist must elect _______(fight)for freedom or
slavery. ?
(2)He ____________(被选为)a civilian leader of the
country last year. ? electionto fightwas elected as3. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有时候, 甚至有人看到她骑着毛驴到偏远村庄提供医疗救治。?
【句式解构】
本句是一个简单句。句中含有一个感官动词的复合结构, riding a donkey为现在分词短语作宾语补足语。*All of a sudden I noticed a foreign woman coming hurriedly and shouting in English, “ Help! ”
突然, 我看到一名外国女士匆忙跑过来, 并用英语大声喊着“救命! ”
*I was delighted to see you win the first prize.
我很高兴看到你获得了一等奖。 【名师点津】
感官动词的复合结构, 也就是后跟宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语有三种形式: 现在分词, 省略to的不定式和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行; 省略to的不定式表示已经完成, 或者是经常发生; 过去分词表被动。【即学活用】语法填空
(1)She was amazed to see her childhood friend ________
(stand) in front of her.
(2)I always find myself _______(trap) in the situation where
Chinese stands between me and what I want to express.
(3)His parents always see him _______(stay)up late studying. standingtrappedstaying【一语闻天下】
1. With the Syrian government troops and Russian armed forces appearing in the Kurdistan Region, Turkey was in the dilemma over whether to go on its military strike.
随着叙利亚政府军队和俄罗斯武装力量出现在库尔德自治区, 就是否继续开展军事打击, 土耳其进退两难。2. As is reported, Xie Na has replaced Dong Qing to host I Want to Perform in China’s New Year Gala, and achieved great success in the first try.
据报道, 谢娜已经接替董卿主持《我要上春晚》, 并在首播中获得成功。3. On October 23, 2019, Trudeau was again elected Premier of Canada and continued to lead the Canadian government.
2019年10月23日, 特鲁多再次当选加拿大总理, 并继续领导加拿大政府。课件98张PPT。Unit 2　Morals and Virtues　
Reading for Writing如何写评论
【文本研读】
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 快速浏览文章
1. What does the fable tell us?
_______________________________________________
_____________________?It tells us not to complain about the problems we meet,but to solve it positively.2. How many parts can the fable be divided into, and
what are they?
The fable can be divided into ____parts.
______→___________?
______→from _________________________?twoPart 1Paragraph 1Part 2Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 9Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 关注特色表达
1. Which of the following is true?
A. The king wanted to play a joke on others.
B. The group of women moved the stone together.
C. The girl had great difficulty moving the stone.
D. The milkman knew who put the stone there. 2. What can you infer from the fable?
A. The king regretted for what he dad done.
B. The girl and the king found the owner of the coins.
C. The girl wasn’t surprised about the coins.
D. The king achieved his goal at last. 3. What’s the right order of the fable?
①The king placed a stone in the road.
②A group of women passed it.
③A girl saw and moved away the stone.
④A milkman crashed into the stone.
A. ①②③④　　 B. ①④②③
C. ①②④③ D. ④①②③答案: 1～3. CDB
Ⅲ. 文本梳理【写作指导】
【文体剖析】
　　书评、影评或文章评论是一种议论文体。这类文体主要包含两个部分: 第一部分是先叙述文章(电影, 书籍)大概的内容; 第二部分再写其优缺点和你的感受或启示。根据字数还可以适当引用其他人的评价, 再抒发自己的见解(同意或不同意+理由)。【话题词汇】
1. passage 　　　　　　　　　文章
2. comment 评价
3. recommend 推荐
4. highlight 亮点
5. theme 主题6. lesson 教训
7. principle 道理, 原则
8. be recognised 被认可
9. learn from 从……中学到
【话题句式】
1. What we can learn from it is that we should be kind and willing to help others.
从中我们可以学到的是我们应该有善心, 并乐于助人。2. It is known to us all that this novel has a great influence on the development of Chinese literature.
众所周知, 这部小说对中国文学的发展有着积极的影响。
3. It is recognised that kindness and diligence are both traditional virtues of Chinese people.
公认的是, 善良和勤劳是中国人民的传统美德。
4. It tells us a principle that we should strengthen people’s awareness of social responsibility.
它告诉我们一个道理: 我们应该增强人们的社会责任意识。5. I strongly hope that you can have a try and it won’t disappoint you.
我强烈希望你能试一试(读一读), 它不会让你失望。【典题演练】
　　假设你是李华, 你打算向你的外国朋友Eric推荐一部最近刚刚看过的中文电影《流浪地球》, 要点如下:
1. 观影时间和地点;
2. 电影亮点(科幻电影、保护地球……);
3. 推荐观影。注意: 1. 词数80左右
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:
科幻电影 science fiction film
流浪地球 The Wandering Earth【谋篇】
【遣词】
1. ___________　　　　　　　　　推荐
2. ______ 主题
3. ________ 共同的
4. __________ 使……失望
5. _____________ 被认为是……?recommendthemecommondisappointbe regarded as6. ________________ 对……印象深刻?
7. _____________ 不遗余力?
8. _________ 尝试一下?
be impressed withspare no efforthave a try【造句】
1. 完成句子
(1)我上周末在本地剧院看了这部电影。
________________________________________. ?
(2)这部电影被认为是中国电影史上最好的科幻片。
______________________________________________
___________________I saw the film at the local theatre last weekendThe film is regarded as the best science fiction film inChinese film history. ?(3)这部电影的主题给我留下了深刻印象。
_______________________________________. ?
(4)这部电影的主题是关于保护地球。
________________________________________?I was deeply impressed with the film’s themeThe film’s theme is about protecting the earth.(5)我们应该不遗余力保护它。
___________________________________
(6)我强烈希望你看看这部电影, 它不会让你失望。
____________________________________________
___________________?We should spare no effort to protect it. ?I strongly hope you can have a try and the film willnever disappoint you!2. 句式升级
(7)用非限制性定语从句提升(1)、(2)
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
____________I saw the film at the local theatre last weekend, whichis regarded as the best science fiction film in Chinesefilm history. ?(8)用限制性定语从句提升(3)、(4)
___________________________________________
_______________________________?And I was deeply impressed with the film’s themewhich is about protecting the earth.【成篇】
Dear Eric,
How’s everything going? I’m writing to
recommend a film The Wandering Earth to you.
I saw the film at the local theatre last weekend,
which is regarded as the best science fiction film in
Chinese film history. And I was deeply impressed with the film’s theme which is about protecting the earth. The earth is our common home and we should spare no effort to protect it.
I strongly hope you can have a try and the film will never disappoint you!
Yours,
Li Hua1. whisper vi. &vt. 悄声说; 低语; 耳语
n. 低语(声); 耳语(声); 传言; 谣传
*I saw her whispering something into his ear.
我看到她正和他低声说什么。*(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.
他老师托马斯·惠利站在他旁边, 小声鼓励着他。
*“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday? ” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
“你听说亚当上个星期五发生了什么吗? ”琳赛小声对托里说。*“What is it? ”he asked in a whisper.
“这是什么? ”他低声问道。【语块积累】
(1)whisper (sth. ) to sb. 　与某人悄声说……
(2)in a whisper 低声地; 悄声地【即学活用】语法填空
(1)“You can come if you like. ” he said __a whisper.
(2)When I came in, I find two students __________
(whisper)to each other. inwhispering(3)He _________________________Paul for
permitting him to be a part of the project. ?
对于允许他成为这个项目的一部分, 他悄悄地对保
罗说了声“谢谢”。
whispered “thank you” to2. assist vt. 帮助; 援助
*I believe we all can learn a lot and gain great pleasure from assisting others. 我相信我们可以从帮助他人中学会很多东西, 并获得很多快乐。
*A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation.
一组护士协助医生做手术。*I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
我的英语很好, 被选为英语老师的助理。【语块积累】
(1)assist sb. in doing sth. 　　帮助某人做某事
assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助; 援助
(3)assistant n. 助手; 助理【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①Please feel free to ask if I am of further _________
(assist).
②Now I’m writing to apply for a position working as
a teaching ________ (assist)in your school.
③It’s very kind of you to assist the poor ____ money. assistanceassistantwith(2)The competition is intended to _______________
____________________healthy eating habits. ?
这场比赛旨在帮助学生养成健康的饮食习惯。assist students indeveloping/getting into3. memory n. 记忆力; 回忆
*No memory is more painful than that of my primary school.
我小学的记忆最为痛苦了。
*(2019·江苏高考)He was losing his memory.
他逐渐失去了记忆。*Legend holds that this festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet during the Warring States Period.
传说这个节日是为了纪念战国时期的伟大诗人——屈原。
*To make the trip memorable, knowing some famous attractions ahead of time is necessary.
为了使其成为一次难以忘怀的经历, 提前了解一些著名的景点是有必要的。【语块积累】
(1)in memory of　　　　　作为对……的纪念
(2)memorable adj. 值得纪念的; 值得回忆的【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①Before their departure, we took a group picture __
memory of this rewarding activity.
②Visiting strange places and reading good books will
make your winter vacation a __________(memory)
experience. inmemorable(2)The photos bring back ___________________. ?
这些照片唤起了许多美好的回忆。lots of good memories4. disguise vt. 装扮; 假扮; 掩盖 n. 伪装; 化妆用具
*Her happy smile was only a disguise for her sadness.
她喜悦的微笑仅仅是为了掩饰她的忧伤。
*They got in disguised as security guards.
他们装扮成保安人员混了进去。【语块积累】
in disguise　　　 化了装地; 乔装改扮地
there’s no disguising the fact that ……是掩饰不了的【即学活用】
(1)I thought maybe you were a policeman _________. ?
我还以为你是一个便衣警察呢。
(2) ______________________________these are
difficult times economically. ?
现在是经济困难时期, 这是无法掩盖的事实。in disguiseThere’s no disguising the fact that(3)She _______________________so she could fight on
the battlefield. ?
她女扮男装, 这样她就能上战场了。disguised herself as a man5. harm n. &vt. 伤害; 损害
*Some drivers’ behavior harms the safety of others and themselves.
一些驾驶员的行为危害他人和他们自己的安全。
*The polluted water does harm to people as well as other living things.
被污染了的水对人和其他生物造成危害。*A number of students choose to go on a diet or take weight-loss pills, which is harmful to their health.
大量的学生选择节食, 或者吃减肥药, 这对他们的健康有害。【语块积累】
(1)do harm to　　　　　　对……有害
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
(3)harmless adj. 无害的【即学活用】语法填空
(1)Eating and drinking too much and so on will surely
do harm __ their health.
(2)The air pollution is very serious, so taking outdoor
exercise may be ________ (harm) to our health. toharmful(3)I think this kind of behaviour is normal and
________ (harm).
(4)As parents, they have responsibility to make
sure we won’t __________(harm). ?harmlessbe harmed6. despair n. 绝望 vi. 绝望; 感到无望
*Whenever I despair, this story reminds me that challenges are not overcome by force, but by patience.
当我绝望的时候, 这个故事提醒我挑战是通过耐心, 而不是武力所克服的。
*He gave up the attempt in despair.
他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。*This boy is the despair of all his teachers.
这个男孩使他所有的老师感到束手无策。
*Never despair of success.
不要丧失获得成功的信心。【语块积累】
(1)in despair　　　　　　处于绝望之中
the despair of sb. 令某人毫无办法
(2)despair of sth. 对……感到绝望或丧失信心【即学活用】
(1)I could do nothing but race from his room __
despair.
我无能为力, 只能绝望地从他的屋里跑开。
(2)Trying to keep this garden in order is ____________
my life. ?
把这个花园管理好是我力不能及的事。inthe despair of(3)There are signs that many voters have already
_________of politicians.
有迹象表明, 许多选民对政客已经不抱希望。despaired7. pass away 去世
*When I got home, my wife shared her story about her mom who passed away years ago.
当我回到家, 我妻子和我分享了她多年前去世的妈妈的故事。*It can help pass down the wisdom of the Chinese people from generation to generation.
这有助于把中国人民的智慧一代代地传下去。
*The orchid prefers loose soil, thus allowing water, air and roots to pass through the soil freely.
兰花更喜欢疏松的土壤, 让水, 空气和根自由地穿过土壤。【语块积累】
pass by　　　　　　　通过, 从旁边经过
pass down　　　 传下来, 流传, 使世代相传
pass on (to sb. ) 转交给(某人), 传给(某人)
pass through 穿过, 越过【即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)She’s terribly upset because her father passed _____
last week.
(2)The weaving art, is one of the Chinese native arts
passed _____ by craftsmen from one generation to the
next. awaydown(3)A policeman stopped me and asked if I had seen a
man with a heavy bag pass ___.
by8. a great deal (of) 大量
*Thanks to papermaking and printing, a great deal of ancient information has been kept in books.
多亏了造纸术和印刷, 大量的古代信息被保存在书里。*What surprised us most was that people are doing a great deal to preserve the wetland.
最令我们惊讶的是人们为保护湿地做了很多。
【名师点津】常用于修饰不可数名词的单词和词组
much; a (great) deal of;
a bit of;
(an)(large)amount of/amounts of【即学活用】
(1)Undoubtedly, Gaokao means __________to every
Chinese student. ?
毫无疑问, 高考对每一个中国学生意义重大。
(2) I also have friends who gave me _____________
encouragement. ?
我还有些朋友给了我很多鼓励。a great deala great deal of9. After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. ?
过了一会儿, 一群女人走了过来, 每人头上顶着一坛水。【句式解构】
本句是一个简单句。句中each balancing a pot of water on her head为独立主格结构: 名词/代词+doing。*A lot of people start travelling around, their footprints covering almost every corner of the world.
很多人开始环游世界, 他们的足迹遍及世界的各个角落。
*All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.
积蓄全部用完了, 我们就开始找工作。【名师点津】独立主格结构
独立主格结构由两部分组成, 前一部分是名词或者代词, 后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。*Steven walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes.
史蒂文慢慢地走向公交车, 低着头, 满含泪水。
*The work done, we went home.
工作完成后, 我们就回家了。【即学活用】
(1) __________________, the sports meeting will be held
next Saturday morning. ?
如果天气允许的话, 运动会将在下周六早晨举行。
(2) _________________, she couldn’t see the words on
the blackboard. 世纪金榜导学号?
由于眼镜摔坏了, 她看不见黑板上的字。Weather permittingHer glasses broken(3) ____________________, he didn’t know what to
say. ?
那个姑娘望着他, 他不知道说什么好。The girl staring at him【要点拾遗】tear n. 眼泪; 泪水
*She picked herself up and limped away in tears. (教材P20)
她站起来, 哭着一瘸一拐地走了。
*Otherwise, the last drop of water on the earth will be human’s tear! 否则, 地球上的最后一滴水将会是人类的眼泪。【语块积累】
(1)in tears　　　　　　　流着泪, 含着泪
burst into tears 大哭起来
(2)tear vt. 撕开, 撕裂
tear apart 撕开, 撕碎【即学活用】
(1)The mother of the boy was _______and told us her
story. ?
男孩的母亲满含泪水, 讲述着她的故事。
(2)So Tomb-sweeping is the day which ___________
_____as well as laughter. ?
因此, 扫墓是既有泪水, 也有欢笑的日子。in tearsis filled withtears(3)When reading her story, I _________________
several times. ?
读到她的故事的时候, 我被感动地哭了好几次。
was moved to tears【导语】道格拉斯·亚当斯, 英国作家, 毕业于剑桥大
学。主要作品“银河系漫游”五部曲, 包括《银河系漫
游指南》《宇宙尽头的餐馆》《生命、宇宙以及一
切》《拜拜, 多谢你们的鱼》《基本上无害》。该系
列被西方科幻读者奉为“科幻圣经”。由于“银河系漫
游”系列小说的突出成就, 国际小行星管理委员会甚至还将一颗小行星命名为“阿瑟·邓特”——该系列主人公的名字。2001年, 亚当斯因心脏病猝发离世——此前他正准备与好莱坞制片商合作, 将《银河系漫游指南》搬上银幕。
Mostly Harmless
First, the context. This was a desert world. The
dusty earth was packed hard and had neatly bruised
every last bit of Arthur that hadn’t already been
bruised by the festivities of the previous night. Some
way ahead of them were great cliffs that looked like
sandstone, eroded by the wind and what little rainpresumably fell in those parts into wild and fantastic shapes, which matched the fantastic shapes of the giant cacti that sprouted here and there from the arid, orange landscape.
For a moment Arthur dared to hope they had unexpectedly arrived in Arizona or New Mexico or maybe South Dakota, but there was plenty of evidence that this was not the case. The Perfectly Normal Beasts, for a start, still thundering, still pounding. They swept up in their tens of thousands from the far horizon, disappeared completely for about half a mile, then swept off, thundering and pounding to the distant horizon opposite.
Then there were the spaceships parked in front of the Bar & Grill. Ah. The Domain of the King Bar & Grill. Bit of an anti-climax, thought Arthur to himself. In fact only one of the spaceships was parked in
front of the Domain of the King Bar & Grill. The
other three were in a parking lot by the side of the Bar
and Grill. It was the one in front that caught the eye,
though. Wonderful looking thing. Wild fins all over it,
far, far too much chrome all over the fins and most of the actual bodywork painted in a shocking pink. It
crouched there like an immense brooding insect and
looked as if it was at any moment about to jump on
something about a mile away. The Domain of the King
Bar & Grill was slap-bang in the middle of where the
Perfectly Normal Beasts would be charging if they didn’t take a minor transdimensional diversion on the way. It stood on its own, undisturbed. An ordinary Bar & Grill. A truckstop diner. Somewhere in the middle of nowhere. Quiet. The Domain of the King.
‘Gonna buy that spaceship, ’ said Ford quietly.
‘Buy it? ’ said Arthur. ‘That’s not like you. I thought you usually pinched them. ’译文:
基本上无害
首先, 大背景。这是个沙漠的世界, 灰尘扑扑的地
表被踩得特别结实, 干净利索地解决了阿瑟身上任何
一寸仍然完好的皮肤, 也就是那些还没被昨晚的节目
弄伤的部分。前方不远处有些很大的高岩, 看起来像是砂岩, 被风和想来总会下的那么一点点雨水侵蚀成旷野怪诞的形状, 刚好同贫瘠的橙色地面上的那些巨型仙人掌相配——它们时不时冒出一棵来, 形状也是同样的放荡不羁。
有一瞬间, 阿瑟竟然胆敢希望自己来到了亚利桑那, 或者新墨西哥, 又或者南达科他, 但这显然只是他一厢情愿。
首先, 绝对正常兽仍在轰隆隆砰砰砰。它们好几万头一起消失在远端的地平线, 完全不见踪影, 然后又轰隆隆砰砰砰地席卷过来, 出现在对面的地平线上。 此外, 还有停在快餐店门口的那些飞船。王的领地餐厅。阿瑟暗想, 对于如此惊心动魄的开头来说, 这个结局实在太平淡了。 事实上, 王的领地餐厅跟前只有一艘飞船, 其他三
艘都待在餐厅旁边的停车场。不过吸引眼球的正是停
在前边的那艘。那模样真是棒极了。全身都是疯狂的
安定翼, 安定翼上镀了太多太多的铬, 机身则基本上搞
成了一种骇人听闻的粉红色。它像只闷闷不乐的昆虫
似的缩在地上, 看起来仿佛随时准备扑向一英里外的什么东西。王的领地餐厅正好在绝对正常兽的冲刺路线上——假如中途它们没有稍稍转一个跨位面的弯。它独自屹立, 没人打扰。一个普普通通的餐厅。一个路边的小馆子。在荒芜中给自己找了个地方, 安安静静。王的领地。 “我要买下那艘飞船。”福特平静地说。
“买? ”阿瑟说道, “这可不像你。我以为你一般都是用偷的。”
课件2张PPT。Unit 2　Morals and Virtues 温馨提示：
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单元素养评价(二)Unit 2
(120分钟　150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: So what did you buy, Paul?
M: A T-shirt, it was a real bargain. ①I got it half price, saving 15 dollars.
1. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?
A. $15. 　　　　　B. $30. 　　　　　C. $50.
答案: B
Text 2
M: ②You were absent from class yesterday, Sally. Where were you?
W: ②I couldn’t come, Mr Hart. I hurt my foot and my mother took me to the doctor.
2. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Teacher and student.
答案: C
Text 3
M: I am going to the museum on Sunday afternoon. There is a new exhibition of Indian art. Would you like to come with me?
W: ③I’d love to, but my best friend is getting married on Sunday, and I won’t miss it for anything.
3. What will the woman do on Sunday afternoon?
A. To attend a wedding.
B. To meet a friend.
C. To visit an exhibition.
答案: A
Text 4
W: ④It’s nice of you to see me off. Thank you very much.
M: My pleasure. I hope we’ll keep in touch.
W: Sure. You’ve given a great help to me in the past days.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a restaurant.
B. At the airport.
C. At a theater.
答案: B
Text 5
W: Did you get a part in the new play, Samuel?
M: Well, I tried out for the biggest part, but I didn’t get it. I got a small part instead.
W: Did you feel bad about it?
M: ⑤Not really. It’s better than nothing.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He wrote the new play.
B. He got the biggest part.
C. He’s glad to act any part.
答案: C
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Lisa? Hi!
W: Hi, Ned.
M: ⑥Don’t you usually drive to work?
W: ⑥Usually, but not in bad weather.
M: Why is that?
W: The traffic gets a lot worse when it rains or snows.
M: I always take the train. ⑦ It’s a lot faster for me than driving.
W: ⑦ It’s faster for me, too, but the time isn’t always convenient.
M: Yeah, but think of all the things you can do on the train—read a book or newspaper. . .
W: Or answer my email. . . No, thanks! My workday is long enough already.
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By car.
答案: C
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer.
B. It is faster.
C. It is cheaper.
答案: B
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
M: I’d like to check out. Here’s my key card.
W: Thank you, Mr Johnson. And here’s your bill.
M: Many thanks. Wow! I sure spent a lot of money in this hotel!
W: I hope your stay was pleasant.
M: Uh, yeah. ⑧This could be a great hotel if you got rid of all the insects. And you should improve the food you serve.
W: I’m so sorry. Well, to make you feel better, we’ll offer you a free stay in any of our hotels.
M: Thanks.
W: I’m glad these small problems didn’t ruin your visit.
M: Yeah, the city itself was great. I liked coming here a lot.
W: ⑨Good to hear you had some wonderful experiences.
M: ⑨I did. And I met so many helpful people.
W: Have a pleasant trip home.
8. How does the man feel about the service of the hotel?
A. Not satisfied. B. Worried. C. Pleased.
答案: A
9. What did the man enjoy about his trip?
A. The room service. 　　　　B. The helpful people.
C. The pleasant weather.
答案: B
听第8段材料, 回答第10～12题。
Text 8
W: ⑩ Our flight has been delayed for about two hours because of the fog. My parents will be waiting anxiously at the Seattle Airport.
M: You’d better make a phone call to them and tell them about the situation here.
W: That’s quite right. What are you here for?
M: ??I am here for an international medical conference in Sydney.
W: How interesting! I am here for sightseeing.
M: Really? How do you like it?
W: Sydney deserves to be the capital of the country. I also visited Melbourne, Perth and Townsville. These trips are among the best that I’ve ever enjoyed. Is this your first trip to Australia?
M: No. I come here every year but always on business, so I have no chance to go sightseeing here.
W: What a pity! If you have a chance, be sure to visit some places. It will be fantastic.
M: All right. I try to seek an opportunity to hang about here.
10. Why has the flight been delayed?
A. Because of the fog.
B. Because of the snow.
C. Because of an accident.
答案: A
11. Which city are the two speakers in now?
A. Seattle. B. Sydney. C. Melbourne.
答案: B
12. What do we know about the man?
A. This is his first trip to Australia.
B. He often comes here for sightseeing.
C. He came here for an important conference.
答案: C
听第9段材料, 回答第13～16题。
Text 9
W: Hello, is that Fred?
M: Yes.
W: Fred, you’ve won $10, 000! ?To get your prize, you need to give me your credit card number and your address. We will then send you the money right away.
M: Why would I need to give you my credit card number? That doesn’t make sense.
W: We need the number so we can put you in our computer systemThen we’re able to send you the check.
M: I’m not sure about this. I’d rather just give you my address.
WI’m sorry, sir, but we also have to have your credit card number in order to send you the money.
M: ? OK. I’m going to hang up. Have a nice day.
W: Sir, wait! This is a real contest. We’d like to send you the prize money.
M: ? I’ve heard about this kind of contest before. This is not true.
W: Sir, I’m not trying to be rude. I’m just telling you the truth.
M: ? I’m hanging up now. Goodbye.
13. What does the woman want to get from the man?
A. His money.
B. His credit card number.
C. His computer password.
答案: B
14. What does the woman promise to send the man?
A. A check.
B. Some cash.
C. A credit card.
答案: A
15. What does the man think of the woman?
A. She is a careful person.
B. She is rude.
C. She is not telling him the truth.
答案: C
16. How does the man probably feel?
A. Annoyed.
B. Disappointed.
C. Excited.
答案: A
听第10段材料, 回答第17～20题。
Text 10
　　W: Hello, everyone. ?In today’s program, I’d like to share a true story of mine. One day, my friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to rain heavily. ?When it became lighter, I decided to walk to get my car and go home. It was parked only three blocks away. ?My friends argued I shouldn’t go because at that time, I was due to give birth in three months. I promised I’d be careful. ?One of them wanted to come with me, but I insisted she stay with another friend who needed help with her baby. ?When I walked to the first crossroads, a taxi stopped beside me and a passenger offered to give me a hand. She said she would walk with me to where I would go. I refused, but she insisted. During our walk, she took me by the arm and kept telling me to walk slowly. When we got to the car park, I thanked her, and we parted ways. I did not get her name and may not even recognize her now. Did she purposely stop for me? I’ll never know.
17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day?
A. Stay to help her friend.
B. Walk alone to her car.
C. Wait for the train to stop.
答案: B
18. What can we learn about the speaker then?
A. She worked at a hotel.
B. She had bought a new car.
C. She was having a baby soon.
答案: C
19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger?
A. At a crossroads. 　　　　B. In front of a hotel.
C. Beside a car park.
答案: A
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
答案: C
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2019·郑州高一检测)
Admission(入场)
Welcome to the National Museum of China (NMC). Please enter the North Gate with your ID card after security check. You can visit NMC exhibitions free of charge during the opening hours.
A paid special exhibition is suggested in the Ticket Office, at the service counter of the West Hall and on NMC’s official website, and its tickets are sold at the entrance of the related exhibition hall.
Identity document: ID card, student ID card, passport, Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to and from Hong Kong and Macao, Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwanese, driving license.
Children: A child not higher than 1. 3 m who is attended by an adult may enter without a ticket; a primary school student with his/her parents may enter with his/her student ID card.
Opening Hours
9: 00 am—5: 00 pm
Last admission at 4: 30 pm, closed at 5: 00 pm
Closed on Mondays (including the Mondays of public holidays)
Notice to Visitors
Please collect a free ticket with an identity document mentioned above at the Ticket Office.
Food and drinks will be inspected to be brought in.
Luggage shall be deposited(寄存) after security check before visiting.
Controlled knives, lighters, dangerous articles, and pets are not allowed.
Please keep your voice down and silence your mobile phone.
No smoking.
Please do not touch the objects on display.
Please help to keep a clean and comfortable environment.
Instructions on Photo-taking
You are kindly reminded not to use flashlight. If photo-taking is not permitted, obvious reminders will be put both at the entrance of and inside the exhibition hall; you should pay attention to such reminders.
Thank you for your understanding and cooperation.
【文章大意】文章叙述了进入中国国家博物馆的一些注意事项。
21. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Foreign visitors can enter NMC for free.
B. Visitors should enter the North Gate before security check.
C. NMC is open to people from the mainland only.
D. The special exhibition ticket is sold on its official website.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段Welcome to the National Museum of China (NMC). Please enter the North Gate with your ID card after security check. You can visit NMC exhibitions free of charge during the opening hours. “欢迎来到中国国家博物馆。安检完毕后, 请持身份证进入北门。您可以于开放时间内免费参观NMC展览。”可知, 外国游客可以免费进入NMC。
22. When is a visitor most likely to enter NMC?
A. 3: 00 pm, Sunday. 　　　 B. 5: 00 pm, Saturday.
C. 9: 00 am, Monday. D. 4: 45 pm, Saturday.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据Opening Hours中9: 00 am-5: 00 pm/Last admission at 4: 30 pm, closed at 5: 00 pm/Closed on Mondays (including the Mondays of public holidays)可知, 最后一次进入是4: 30 pm, 所以排除B、D; “星期一关闭”排除C项。故选A。
23. Which of the following might be allowed in NMC?
A. Walking a dog.
B. Bringing in luggage.
C. Taking photos.
D. Touching the objects on display.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中You are kindly reminded not to use flashlight. 可知, 在NMC允许拍照。故选C。
B
Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged 102. Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s.
Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris’ most famous landmarks.
Pei was born in China in 1917 into a wealthy family. His father was a banker. His artistic mother—a calligrapher and musician—had the greater influence on him. Despite not speaking English, he moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard. He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955. He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpieces—the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar—in his 80s.
He has designed buildings, hotels, schools and other structures across North America, Asia and Europe. His other work includes Dallas City Hall and Japan’s Miho Museum. His style was influenced by his love of Islamic architecture. His favoured building materials were glass and steel, with a combination of concrete.
He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings, including the AIA Gold Medal, the Praemium Imperiale for Architecture. In 1983, Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms. He used his $100, 000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America. In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了享誉世界的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。
24. What do we know about Pei and his work on the Louvre Museum?
A. The French approved of his designs at first.
B. Pei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.
C. Pei made use of glass in his designs.
D. Pei retired after completing the work.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris’ most famous landmarks. (卢浮宫外的玻璃金字塔于1989年完工, 现在是巴黎最著名的地标之一。)可知贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。
25. Which is the correct order of time for the following facts in the passage?
①He received the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
②He founded his own firm.
③He created the Museum of Islamic Art.
④He worked as a research scientist.
A. ①③②④　 B. ④①②③
C. ④②①③ D. ①④③②
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955. (二战期间, 他曾为美国政府担任研究科学家, 1955年, 他创办了自己的公司, 之后成为一名建筑师。)可知贝聿铭为美国政府担任研究科学家, 之后1955年成立了自己的公司; 根据最后一段中In 1983, Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms. (1983年, 贝聿铭被授予第五届普利兹克建筑奖, 以表彰他为20世纪创造了一些最美丽的室内空间和外部形式。)可知贝聿铭在66岁时被授予普利兹克建筑奖; 根据第三段最后一句He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpieces—the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar—in his 80s. (他一直工作到晚年, 80多岁时创作了他最著名的杰作之一——卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。)可知贝聿铭80多岁创作了卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。故顺序为④②①③。
26. What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage?
A. Productive and humorous.
B. Generous and modest.
C. Determined and outgoing.
D. Attractive and responsible.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句He used his $100, 000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America. (他用10万美元奖金为在美国学习建筑的中国学生设立了一个奖学金基金。)可知贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的; 以及文章最后一句In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest. (就个人而言, 贝聿铭总是衣着整洁, 脾气好, 富有魅力, 而且非常谦虚。)可知贝聿铭很谦虚。故选B。
27. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Louvre Pyramid Architect Dies Aged 102
B. Prizes Awarded to Pei
C. Landmarks Created by Pei
D. A Famous Architect Passed Away
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged 102. (贝聿铭, 最后一位伟大的现代主义建筑师之一, 去世了, 享年102岁。)以及文章主要为介绍贝聿铭的生平事迹可知A选项符合题意。
C
(2019·大连高一检测)
The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can’t be repaid by longer weekend sleep, according to a new study.
Researchers have long known that sleep deprivation (剥夺) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks. But for those who force themselves out of bed every weekday after too few hours of shut-eye, they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.
The research, published in Current Biology, crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of sleep loss, those gains were wiped out when people fell right back into their same sleep-deprived schedule the next Monday.
“If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they’re gone when you go back to your daily schedule. It’s very short-lived, ” said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology lab at the University of Colorado at boulder. “These health effects are long-term. It’s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be. ”
Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place—cutting out the “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. Even when people don’t have a choice about losing sleep because of child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about getting sleep in the same way they would get a healthy diet or exercise.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了周末补觉并不能弥补工作日缺失的睡眠。
28. What do the researchers find about weekend recovery sleep?
A. It is common among people.
B. It will make people healthier.
C. It can make people put on weight.
D. It’s able to make up for the sleep loss.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. ”可知, 平日睡眠少的人, 体重可能会增加, 并增加患糖尿病的风险。
29. What does the underlined word “crushes” mean?
A. Arouses. 　　 B. Guarantees.
C. Deepens. 　 D. Ruins.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。本题理解的关键在于搞清楚“those hopes”指代的是第二段中的“they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects. ”根据本句可知人们寄希望于通过周末补觉能弥补睡眠, 然而这个研究却“打破了”人们的这种愿望。推测此处词义为“摧毁, 打破”的意思。故选D项。
30. What will Kenneth Wright agree with?
A. It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.
B. Smoking and sleep loss have the same bad effects.
C. Weekend recovery sleep has many benefits.
D. Smoking is more harmful than sleep loss.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“These health effects are long-term. It’s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be. ”可知人们对于睡眠缺失的了解现阶段还不深, 就像是吸烟一样, 得过上一段时间之后人们才会看到它的坏处。
31. What does Kenneth Wright advise people to do?
A. Sleep as long as possible during weekdays.
B. Watch some TV shows before bedtime.
C. Reduce the screen time before sleep.
D. Take regular exercise every day.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“people should put sleep in the first place—cutting out the “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. ”可知他建议人们缩减看电视或玩手机的时间来保证睡眠。
D
With the help of the car manufacturer (汽车制造商) Hound, a 13-year-old girl was able to send a message to space, where her dad works on the International Space Station (ISS).
“He gets to live and work in space and he is doing lots of experiments up there. He has to stay there for long periods of time. . . I miss him when he is gone, ” Stephanie, who is from Houston, Texas, said in a video. “I think if we could write a really big message he would be able to see it from space. ”
Hyundai took her wish to heart and decided to take on the challenge. Using Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas (画布), 11 drivers drove Hyundai cars, spelling out “Steph?s you” across 2. 14 square miles of desert. A promotional video, which Hyundai made to record the process, caught her father’s response and showed the picture he took of her message from the ISS.
“I am happy that he could see it and knows that we are thinking about him back home, ” Stephanie said. “He has seen so many things up there, but I hope that this message was the most special. ”
There are many misunderstandings about what can and cannot be seen from space. Contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space, but many seemingly less important things can be seen.
“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard, and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space, ” Mike Gentry, a photo researcher for NASA’s human-tended vehicles. And with a special camera, they can see the earth in great detail and even keep an eye on their favorite sports teams.
【文章大意】文章讲述了汽车制造商Hyundai用自己的方式, 帮助一位13岁的小女孩向在国际空间站工作的爸爸传递爱和思念的故事。
32. What can we know about Stephanie’s father?
A. He likes taking pictures.
B. He spends little time at home.
C. He works in a car company.
D. He often sends messages to his daughter.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He has to stay there for long periods of time. . . I miss him when he is gone. ”可知, Stephanie的父亲必须待在空间站, 很少待在家。
33. How did Hyundai help the girl?
A. By offering a free ride.
B. By taking her to a guided tour.
C. By replaying her father’s response.
D. By making a large picture with cars.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Using Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas, 11 drivers drove Hyundai cars, spelling out “Steph?s you” across 2. 14 square miles of desert. ”可知, 现代汽车在沙漠上拼出“Steph?s you”的图案, 来帮助小女孩让她的父亲在空间站能够看到。
34. Which of the following can be seen from space?
A. A moving car.
B. A standing farmer.
C. The Great Wall of China.
D. The smoke of burning rubbish.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard, and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space. ”可知, 宇航员还在太空中看到一条巨大的烟雾轨迹, 可能是农民在自家后院焚烧垃圾。
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Send Love to Space
B. A Girl of Great Talent
C. Observe the Earth Far Away
D. A New Way to Explore Space
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。结合全文, 本文主要讲述了一个女孩因思念在太空站执行任务的父亲, 设法向其表达爱意的故事, A选项“把爱送到太空”最符合主旨大意。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four Everyday Things Hurting Your Health
Your everyday behaviors may be holding you back. However, perhaps you don’t even know it. 　36　, as well as some expert advice on what to do instead. ?
　37　 It can also decrease your brain’s ability to fun_ction, thus resulting in poor performance at work and longer reaction time behind the wheel. Experts recommend practicing a relaxing bedtime routine like taking a bath, cutting down on caffeine and alcohol. Another trick is to stick to a consistent sleep schedule. ?
Studies have shown that sitting for extended periods can have significant negative impacts on physical and mental health. You don’t have to run a marathon to get active, though. Work small exercise into your day, like standing during TV advertisements or parking your car far away from an entrance. 　38　. ?
Is it uneasy to lock your cell phone away for a solid 60 minutes? Social media isn’t helping, either. Experts recommend deleting social media apps or hiding them. 　39　, and making a point of doing something to ground you in the present moment each day. ?
In today’s competitive society, it’s human nature to take on as many tasks as possible. But continuous responsibility and rushing from one job to the next is a bad habit that can lead to eventual burnout. 　40　, especially those that you have no time to accept. ?
A. The small can make a huge difference
B. Bad sleep can lead to a variety of harms
C. Good education background isn’t helping
D. This means practicing the art of saying “yes”
E. Experts suggest politely turning down invitations
F. Be aware of some habits with a negative impact on your health
G. They also suggest charging your phone outside of your bedroom
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文, 介绍了四件伤害你健康的日常事情, 并给出了专家的建议。
36. 【解析】选F。下文“as well as some expert advice on what to do instead. ” 以及一些专家建议, 知此处为并列关系。本文主要介绍了一些对健康有负面影响的习惯和专家给的建议。故选F项。
37. 【解析】选B。下文“Experts recommend practicing a relaxing bedtime routine like taking a bath, cutting down on caffeine and alcohol. Another trick is to stick to a consistent sleep schedule. ” 专家建议, 养成放松的睡前习惯, 比如洗澡、减少咖啡因和酒精的摄入。另一个诀窍是坚持一贯的睡眠计划。可知专家的建议都是关于睡眠的。即此段主要讲睡眠不好会导致各种伤害。故选B项。
38. 【解析】选A。根据前文可知, 长时间坐着会对身心健康产生显著的负面影响。不过, 不必通过像马拉松一样高强度锻炼来改善, 每天做一些小运动即可。A选项中的The small 即指的是small exercise。故选A项。
39. 【解析】选G。段首“Is it uneasy to lock your cell phone away for a solid 60 minutes? ” 把你的手机锁在外面整整60分钟会不会不舒服? 与G选项专家的建议: 在卧室外给手机充电相呼应, 故选G项。
40. 【解析】选E。下文“especially those that you have no time to accept. ” 特别是那些你没有时间接受的邀请。这是递进关系。你没有时间接受的邀请, 专家的建议当然是拒绝。故选E项。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The 84-year-old American woman, Janet Fein received her bachelor’s degree from the University of Texas at Dallas last week. Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. When she was in high school, she just wanted to finish and get a job. After 　41　 early, at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her five children. She then held several jobs 　42　 she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to 　43　 during the retirement. ?
She worked for 20 years on earning an associated degree, which she received in 1995. But Fein told the AP she also 　44　 to earn a bachelor’ s degree “with all of my heart. ” Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and 　45　 take free classes at public universities in Texas. State officials say about 2, 000 people used the 　46　 last year. ?
Even with all of her life experiences, she said she 　47　 reading, writing papers and learning new things. “With each class I 　48　 knew a lot, but I want more. And that made me happy. ” Fein kept going to class even as her health conditions 　49　. During her studies, it became 　50　 for her to use a walker (拐杖) to 　51　 and she required oxygen. She even 　52　 knee problems. So, instead of going to the university, Fein took online classes to finish the remaining part of her degree requirements. She never showed (a) 　53　 of giving up even with all of her difficulties. Fein even made friends with other students. ?
Many people set the 　54　 of graduating from college at a very young age while Janet Fein waited a life time for her chance to reach that goal. As the saying goes, it’s never too late to learn. Learning can help people live a 　55　 life. ?
【文章大意】讲述了美国一位84岁的女士Janet Fein通过努力获得了德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校的学士学位。
41. A. working　 B. graduating
C. learning D. beginning
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。 working工作; graduating毕业; learning学习; beginning开始。 当时她在读高中, 所以应该是毕业得早, 故选B。
42. A. while　 　B. after　　　C. before　　D. unless
【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。while当……时; after在……之后; before在……之前; unless除非。在她77岁退休之前她都有好几份工作, 故选C。
43. A. lie down B. work hard
C. get off D. take a rest
【解析】选D。考查动词短语词义辨析。lie down躺下; work hard努力工作; get off下车, 脱下; take a rest休息。但是在她退休期间她也不准备休息, 故选D。
44. A. bought B. wanted
C. introduced D. ordered
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。bought买; wanted想要; introduced介绍; ordered命令。她想全心全意努力得到一个学士学位, 故选B。
45. A. older B. better C. faster D. bigger
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。older更年老的; better更好的; faster更快的; bigger更大的。这门课程是开给65岁甚至更年老的人, 故选A。
46. A. experience B. degree
C. program D. ability
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。experience经历; degree程度; program项目; ability能力。上文提到这是一个州立的项目, 故选C。
47. A. stopped B. made C. enjoyed D. disliked
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 stopped停; made做; enjoyed享受; disliked不喜欢。她享受阅读、写论文和学习新事物, 故选C。
48. A. yet B. still C. even D. already
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。yet至今; still仍然; even甚至; already早已。每节课她早就了解了, 但是她想要学更多, 故选D。
49. A. worsened B. improved
C. increased D. lost
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。worsened变差; improved提高; increased增加; lost丢失。她甚至在她身体状况变糟糕时都坚持去学校, 故选A。
50. A. easy B. necessary
C. fortunate D. true
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。easy容易的; necessary有必要的; fortunate幸运的; true真的。使用拐杖变得有必要, 故选B。
51. A. look around B. get around
C. take exercise D. go straight
【解析】选B。考查动词短语词义辨析。look around四周看看; get around到处走走; take exercise锻炼; go straight直走。用拐杖去到处走走, 故选B。
52. A. became B. moved
C. had D. turned
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。became成为; moved移动; had有; turned转动。她甚至膝盖有问题, 故选C。
53. A. sign B. care C. lack D. style
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。sign迹象; care关心; lack缺乏; style风格。她没表现过要放弃的迹象, 故选A。
54. A. example B. method
C. goal D. standard
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。example例子; method方法; goal目标; standard标准。下文 reach that goal完成目标可知, 此处为建立目标, 故选C。
55. A. strict B. meaningful
C. careful D. normal
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。strict严格的; meaningful有意义的; careful小心的; normal正常的。学习能帮助人们生活得有意义, 故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　On March 31, the Eiffel Tower, one of the world’s most visited and recognizable places of interest, celebrated the 130- year anniversary (周年纪念日) of its opening.
It was only supposed to exist for 20 56. __________(year). Maybe Parisians decided it was 57. __________(easy) to just leave it in place than pull it down. It looks like they made the right choice. More than 250 million people
58. __________(pay) a visit to the tower so far, according to 59. __________(it) official website. ?
Designed by French Gustav Eiffel, the tower was meant 60. (serve) as the entrance to the 1889 World Fair in the 61. __________(begin). It took just over two years to build it. Although it is popular now, not all French people liked
62. tower when it opened. However, the visitors to the 1889 World Fair found it 63. __________(entertain) to visit the Eiffel Tower. Two million people visited it during the fair. It then became useful as a radio antenna (天线) during the First World War. ?
Tourists have a choice when they climb the tower. They can either walk 1, 665 steps to the top 64. use one of the elevator cars from 1899. Once tourists reach the top, 65. the Eiffel’s office is, they can have a drink in the tower’s top-floor champagne bar. Today, the tower stands as a symbol of France.
【文章大意】3月31日, 世界上参观人数最多、辨识度最高的名胜之一埃菲尔铁塔, 庆祝了开放130周年。同时文章介绍了埃菲尔铁塔的历史由来。
56. 【解析】years。考查名词的数。year为可数名词, 由20修饰应用复数形式, 故填years。
57. 【解析】easier。考查形容词比较级。句意: 也许巴黎人觉得把它留在原地比拆掉它更容易。根据下文than pull it down可知是两种情况的比较, 故填形容词比较级easier。
58. 【解析】have paid。考查动词时态。句意: 据其官方网站称, 到目前为止, 已有超过2. 5亿人参观了这座塔。根据下文so far“到目前为止”可知应填现在完成时have paid。
59. 【解析】its。考查物主代词。句意: 据其官方网站称, 到目前为止, 已有超过2. 5亿人参观了这座塔。根据下文official website为名词短语可知应填形容词性物主代词its。
60. 【解析】to serve。考查固定短语。句意: 埃菲尔铁塔由法国人古斯塔夫·埃菲尔设计, 最初是作为1889年世博会的入口。短语be meant to do sth. “打算用作……; 意在……”, 故填to serve。
61. 【解析】beginning。考查名词。根据空前the可知应填名词beginning。
62. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 虽然它现在很受欢迎, 但在它开放时并不是所有的法国人都喜欢它。此处特指“埃菲尔铁塔”故填定冠词the。
63. 【解析】entertaining。考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而, 1889年世博会的参观者发现参观埃菲尔铁塔很有趣。本句中entertaining是形容词, 表示有趣的, 故填entertaining。
64. 【解析】or。考查连词。句意: 他们可以走1665级台阶到达塔顶, 或者也可以乘坐1899年的电梯。根据句意可知表示两者之间的选择, 故填or。
65. 【解析】where。考查定语从句连接词。句意: 一旦游客到达埃菲尔铁塔的顶部, 也就是埃菲尔办公室所在的地方, 他们就可以在埃菲尔铁塔顶层的香槟酒吧里喝上一杯。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the top, 且先行词在从句中作地点状语, 故填where。
第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你校将组织外国留学生去趵突泉游玩, 请你根据下面的信息, 口头通知活动安排和注意事项。
1. 集合时间和地点: 周六早上8: 00; 学校门口;
2. 交通工具: 校车;
3. 提示: 自带水和食物; 最好穿运动鞋和休闲服。
注意: 1. 开头已经给出, 不计入总词数;
2. 词数80左右;
3. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hello everybody! May I have your attention, please? ?
　　A trip to Spouting Spring is organized for you this Saturday. You will meet at the school gate at 8: 00 in the morning. The school bus will take you there in less than an hour. Spouting Spring is one of the most popular scenic parks in Jinan city. You’ll experience a variety of fantastic scenery there.
　　Do remember to take some water and food because they might be a little expensive inside Spouting Spring. To make your journey more convenient and comfortable, you’d better wear sports shoes and casual clothes.
　　I’m sure you will have a good time.
　　That’s all! Thank you!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Why You Should Never Cross Your Legs
Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don’t even notice that they’re doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.
A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate(循环). This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart.
Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but it’s not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic (骨盆的) bones to move. Since your pelvic bone supports your back and neck: this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.
Leg crossing has long been linked to manners. In some countries and cultures leg crossing is looked on as casual, disrespectful, and altogether lower class. For the same reasons, many religions frown upon leg crossing in church. And what’s good for the soul should be good for the feet as well. But respect aside, your health is affected in the long run if you are accustomed to crossing legs although you might not feel its immediate effects. The problem is really caused by sitting in the first place. Don’t make yourself comfortable—get up and get moving.
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答案:
　　People unconsciously cross legs without realizing its harm. (要点1) It can increase blood pressure for it makes blood circulation harder. (要点2) Moreover, it causes neck and back discomfort because pelvic bones move, putting pressure on one’s back and neck. (要点3) Crossing legs is also considered impolite. (要点4) Sitting improperly affects health, so we should remember to move around. (要点5)
【备选训练】
单词拼写
1. I am quick in responding(答复) to different situations on the stage due to my hosting experience.
2. This accident(事故) shows us how serious the food safety problem is now.
3. To stay energetic(精力充沛的), I will stick to an exercise schedule.
4. At home, you insist on assisting(帮助) your parents to look after your disabled brother.
5. We students should have flexible(灵活的) and practical learning methods.
6. How I wish you understood the dilemma(困境) between my feeling for him and the promise for you!
7. On writing this letter, precious(宝贵的) memories rush into my mind.
8. Nowadays more and more students hire(雇佣) tutors to improve their grades at the weekends.
9. Other people also complain(抱怨) they are disturbed when phones ring in classrooms.
10. Therefore(因此), it’s high time we took measures to prevent water from being polluted.
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综合素养提升
二　Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Anyone who is caring and helpful, and has a flexible(灵活的) schedule is welcomed to join us.
2. Usually popular science books explain basic principles(原则) of nature in a simple and interesting way.
3. A balanced diet and everyday exercise will keep us fit and energetic(精力充沛的).
4. In our society respecting the old and cherishing the young is a traditional virtue(美德).
5. Traffic accidents(事故) also arise, threatening the safety of road users.
6. With people’s incomes growing, there has been a sharp(急剧的) increase in the number of vehicles.
7. When we meet, I suppose money should be raised to set up a scholarship(奖学金).
8. Though time is precious(宝贵的), I try to do some sports or do some reading after class.
9. I’m very excited and inspired by the news that your first novel has been published(出版).
10. It doesn’t need worrying because the majority(多数) of the youths in China are positive.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. He was the last firefighter to leave(leave) the burning building. ?
2. Knowing(know) that the competition was put off, the boy sighed in relief.
3. There is nothing more important(important) than keeping healthy. ?
4. When I passed by, I saw him playing(play) computer games.
5. I have made an appointment(appoint) with the dentist because I want to have my teeth filled.
6. The majority of audience tend to recognize(recognize) the performance. ?
7. My best friend Tom always comes to my assistance(assist) when I am in trouble.
8. With the exam approaching(approach), students are feeling more and more anxious.
9. Conditions permitting(permit), I will ask students practice more in the lab.
10. The customer complained about the quality of the phone and asked to change one.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. With so many members disagreeing with him, he was left in a dilemma. ?
如此多的成员反对他, 让他一时进退两难。
2. The missing boy was last seen wandering along the bank of the lake. ?
失踪的男孩最后一次被看到正沿着湖岸闲逛。
3. We are always told that nothing is more precious than time. ?
我们总是被告知时间最为宝贵。
4. A new holiday will be set in memory of a great psychologist. ?
为纪念一位伟大的心理学家, 一个新的节日即将被设立。
5. The manager will be replaced by a man who is more experienced in sales. ?
经理将会被一名在销售方面经验更丰富的人所取代。
6. A great deal of energy is taken up by this kind of activity. ?
大量的精力被这种活动所牵扯。
7. Our parents always carry us through the difficulties in our life. ?
我们的父母总是会帮助我们渡过生活中的难关。
8. A flood struck the place, causing great damage to the crops. ?
洪水侵袭了这个地方, 对庄稼造成了巨大的破坏。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity, which is out of date. ” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities. ”
There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. One set of parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.
A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.
As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.
Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid, ” she said.
【文章大意】“扫雪机育儿法”是一种最新的育儿方式, 父母可以为成年子女预约理发, 打电话给子女的大学同学叫他们起床, 这样他们就不用在考试中睡着了, 甚至可以打电话给孩子的雇主。一些人认为一些有钱的父母现在更像是扫雪机: 清除孩子通往成功道路上的任何问题, 这样他们就不必面对失败或失去机会。同时文章列举了“扫雪机育儿法”的一些实际例子。
1. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?
A. It is unreasonable.
B. It is advanced.
C. It is accepted by teachers.
D. It is refused by rich people.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. (斯坦福大学教师Julie告诉《泰晤士报》“扫雪机式育儿法”不是一种合理的方式。)可知Julie认为“扫雪机式育儿法”不合理。
2. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?
A. Parents make kids popular.
B. Parents provide little money for kids.
C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.
D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“‘Helicopter parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity, which is out of date. ”(“‘直升机式育儿法’意味着监控孩子的每一项活动, 这已经过时了。”)可知“直升机式育儿”的特点是父母监督孩子的每一项活动。
3. What should parents do according to Julie?
A. Do as wealthy parents do.
B. Make kids be prepared.
C. Make roads be prepared.
D. Do as little as possible.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid, ” she said. (她说: “父母应该让孩子准备好上路, 而不是为孩子准备好路。”)可知Julie认为应该让孩子做好准备。
4. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Helicopter Parenting.
B. The Similarity in Parenting.
C. A Research on Parenting.
D. A New Kind of Parenting.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Snowplow parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers. (“扫雪机育儿法”是一种最新的育儿方式, 父母可以为成年子女预约理发, 打电话给子女的大学同学叫他们起床, 这样他们就不用在考试中睡着了, 甚至可以打电话给孩子的雇主。)以及文章主要内容可知主要为介绍一种新的育儿方式。
Ⅴ. 语法填空
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·武汉高一检测)
Many great people in the world devote themselves to 1. (improve) society in their own ways. For example, Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than
2. __________(lead) a comfortable life. For 40 years she 3. __________(be) outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of chimps. Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women’s diseases, is another woman who has made great 4. __________(achieve). There was story after story of no matter
5. __________ tired after a day’s work, she went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. It was because of her hard work and great consideration to her patients that hundreds of babies 6. __________(deliver) safely by her. 7. third example is Yuan Longping, the first agricultural pioneer in the world
8. __________(grow) super hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers can produce harvests twice as large as before. Therefore, now the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world 9. hunger. In short, so 10. (impress) is their work that they all deserve praising and learning from. ?
【文章大意】介绍了世界上几位致力于改善社会的伟大人物。
1. 【解析】improving。考查非谓语动词。句意: 世界上许多伟大的人都以自己的方式致力于改善社会。devote oneself to doing sth. 表示“致力于做某事”, 故填improving。
2. 【解析】lead。考查固定句式。句意: 一位来自于英国的女性珍·古道尔宁愿花时间在非洲野外研究黑猩猩, 也不愿过舒适的生活。would rather do A than do B表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”, 故填lead。
3. 【解析】has been。考查动词时态。句意: 40年来, 她一直直言不讳要让世界的其他人理解和尊重黑猩猩。根据时间状语“For 40 years”可知用现在完成时, 故填has been。
4. 【解析】achievements。考查名词。句意: 妇科病专家林巧稚是另一位取得巨大成就的女性。作动词made的宾语用名词, 空格前没有冠词故用复数表示泛指。
5. 【解析】how。考查让步状语从句。句意: 有一个又一个的故事讲述不管一天的工作有多累, 她还要深夜去给贫穷的家庭接生。no matter how+adj. 表示“不管多么……”, 故填how。
6. 【解析】were delivered。考查动词的时态语态。句意: 正是由于她的辛勤工作和对病人的关怀, 数百名婴儿才得以安全分娩。事情发生在过去, babies 与deliver之间是被动关系, 所以用一般过去时的被动语态, 故填were delivered。
7. 【解析】A。考查冠词。句意: 再一个例子是袁隆平, 世界上第一个种植超级杂交水稻的农业先驱。a+序数词表示“又一、再”, 故填A。
8. 【解析】to grow。考查非谓语动词。句意: 再一个例子是袁隆平, 世界上第一个种植超级杂交水稻的农业先驱。当被修饰词前有序数词修饰时, 用不定式作后置定语, 故填to grow。
9. 【解析】of。考查固定短语。句意: 因此, 现在联合国在消除世界饥饿的斗争中有了更多的方法。rid. . . of. . . 表示“去除、让……摆脱……”, 故填of。
10. 【解析】impressive。考查词性转换。句意: 简而言之, 他们的工作令人印象深刻, 值得表扬和学习。作is的表语用形容词, 故填impressive。
Ⅵ. 微写作
根据所给的提示信息, 写一篇关于电影Gone with the Wind的影评。词数80左右
1. Gone with the Wind是一部经典电影。
2. 电影中的人物给我留下了深刻印象, 尤其是Scarlett O’Hara, 一个意志力坚强的南方女孩。
3. 她展示了坚强的意志力, 她能活下来, 并且不会再挨饿。
4. 这个电影告诉我们一个道理: After all, tomorrow is another day! (明天又是新的一天! )
核心要点提示: 1. I am deeply impressed by. . .
2. strong-willed girl
3. tell us the truth that. . .
___________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
　　Gone with the Wind is an old classic movie and I like it very much. I am deeply impressed by the main characters in it, especially Scarlett O’Hara, a strong-willed Southern girl. She showed her strong will that she would survive, and would not go hungry for another day. The film tells us the truth that “after all, tomorrow is another day! ”?
This means that we should be as brave as Scarlett on the way to pursue our dream, although there might be some difficulties. ?
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. With so many things bothering(bother) me, I hope you can offer me some practical suggestions.
2. With more and more farmers rushing(rush) into city, their children’s education is a problem.
3. The next thing he saw was smoke rising(rise)from the house.
4. Having worked(work) all day, they are very tired. ?
5. Listen! Do you hear someone calling(call) for help?
6. The manager would like to see his plan carried(carry) out as soon as possible.
7. He was so angry that he threw the toy on the ground, breaking(break) it into pieces.
8. The girl was noticed quarreling(quarrel)with an old man at 9 o’clock yesterday.
9. Approaching(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
10. Going(go) straight down the road, you will find the hospital.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. While working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. ?
在工厂工作时, 他是一名先进工人。
2. I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. ?
我下车的时候注意到一个男人正从银行里跑出来。
3. Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. ?
看到那些画, 她想起了自己的童年。
4. I felt my heart beating violently. ?
我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
5. Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. ?
我们已经作好了充分准备, 现在可以考了。
6. With another problem appearing, many customers are dissatisfied. ?
随着另一个问题的出现, 许多消费者不满意了。
7. Not knowing the gold coins hidden under the stone, many people didn’t attempt to move it. ?
由于不知道石头底下藏着金币, 很多人都没有尝试去搬走它。
8. You can’t have your son studying all day long at the weekend. ?
你不能让你的儿子周末整天都待在家里学习。
9. It has rained for over ten days, causing the river to rise. ?
下了十多天雨, 致使河水上涨。
10. They should not leave us wondering what they will do next. ?
他们不应该不让我们知道他们下一步要做什么。
　　请根据下面汉语提示写一篇小短文。
1. 在回家的路上, 我们看到一个大树枝躺在马路上。(动词-ing形式作宾语补足语)
2. 考虑到它会带来麻烦, 我们决定把它移走。(动词-ing形式分词作原因状语)
3. 在一些过路人的帮助之下, 我们成功地把它移到一边。(with的复合结构)
4. 看到我们的所作所为, 人们为我们热烈鼓掌。(动词-ing形式作时间状语)
　　On our way home, we saw a big branch lying on the road. Considering it might cause some trouble, we decided to move it away. With some passers-by helping us, we managed to remove it. Seeing what we had done, many people applauded warmly. ?
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. I think we should stress the education of our traditional virtues(美德), which are all precious(宝贵的). We should also reject(拒绝)bad values in our life.
2. Many students complained(抱怨) about the high tuition(学费) fees of the university. But the official related responded(回应), “We charge fees based on certain rules, and our scholarship(奖学金) is on the increase. ”
3. Jane was hired(雇用) as a resident physician(医师) after graduating from a medical college. She was always energetic(精力充沛的) and volunteered to go to faraway(遥远的)villages to provide medical care.
4. In the last two decades(十年), the industry of insurance(保险)has seen a sharp(急剧的) increase. The majority(多数的)of people have bought various types of insurance(保险), especially those who have retired(退休) from work.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. There is always someone who will carry us through hard times in our life.
2. The majority(major) of students in my class are from the countryside.
3. It is surprising that the young man is appointed (appoint)to be our manager. ?
4. Our school is the first senior middle school in this area to win(win) the title. ?
5. People tend to buy(buy)daily supplies on the Internet. ?
6. The young man was found smoking(smoke) in the library and fined 50 yuan.
7. There is nothing more important(important) than study when we are young. ?
8. I don’t like Jack, because he is always complaining about something to me.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Sometimes, our wrong decisions can leave us in a dilemma. ?
有时候, 我们的错误决定会使我们处于困境之中。
2. China is the first developing country to send man-made spaceship into the space. ?
中国是第一个向太空中发射人造飞船的发展中国家。
3. All I received in response to my request was “Wait”. ?
我收到的回应我的请求全部是“等候”。
4. I’m sure that those who agree to the plan will be in the majority. ?
我确信同意这个计划的人将会占多数。
5. To me, you are unique, and no one can replace your position in my heart. ?
对于我来说, 你是独一无二的, 没有人可以代替你在我心里的位置。
Ⅳ. 结合课文主题, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 我们中华民族以自己传统的美德(virtues)而著称, 我们应该继承并且实践道德原则(moral principles)。
2. 我们应该多了解一下我们民族的历史和文化。
3. 在日常生活中, 我们应该乐于助人, 有一颗善良的心; 在学习中, 我们应该充满活力(energetic), 刻苦努力。
　　We Chinese are known for our traditional virtues. We are supposed to inherit and practice the moral principles. In addition, we should have a better knowledge of our history and rich culture. In our daily life, we should be willing to help others and have a kind heart, and in our study, we should be energetic and hardworking. ?
The topic: How to deal with moral dilemma and why?
Your opinion: I think we should offer our help in this kind of situation/call the police for help/turn to the passers-by for help. ?
The reason: I think helping those in need is most important. ?
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. A serious accident(事故) happened to the chairman(董事长) of a big company. He was driving alone at midnight(午夜). Luckily, he was able to recover after a series of operations(手术).
2. In summer vocation we can do a part-time job, which can bring us both income(收入) and working experience, therefore(因此), we should make flexible(灵活的) plan for summer vocation. However, we should spare some time to study per(每一) day.
3. In a small cafe(咖啡馆), a woman who was pregnant(怀孕的)felt uncomfortable suddenly. Everyone present offered their assistance(帮助) and especially, a waitress(女服务员), who knew some basic knowledge about first aid(救治).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. The bell ringing(ring), all students rushed into the classroom.
2. Staying up too late into the night is harmful(harm) to our health.
3. Sometimes, we should deal with a problem flexibly(flexible).
4. My English teacher always assists me with my English study.
5. I whispered a secret to him without being noticed by others.
6. I was really sad to hear that the famous artist passed away.
7. The people in the city were in despair because the war was approaching.
8. The girl burst into tears when she heard the news.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I have spent a great deal of time improving my maths. ?
我已经花了大量时间提升我的数学。
2. A great assembly was held in memory of the 70th birthday of our country. ?
为了纪念祖国70岁生日举办了大型集会。
3. I helped an old lady who tripped over by a fallen branch on the road. 我帮助了一位被路上树枝绊倒的老妇人。?
4. We feel quite secure now because of presence of policemen in disguise in the public. ?
在公众场合由于便衣警察的存在, 我们现在感觉安全多了。
5. I can’t focus on my study, a group of people dancing on the square. ?
一群人在广场上跳舞, 我难以集中精力学习。
Ⅳ. 应用文写作
假设你是校报的记者, 请你根据下面所给的信息为电影专栏写一份80词左右有关这部电影的评论。
写作内容:
电影
名称
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom
上映
时间
2013年11月28日开始, 在南非和美国上映, 大受欢迎
电影
内容
以曼德拉的自传(autobiography)为基础
曼德拉
1918年7月18日出生于南非的特兰斯凯(Transkei)
1962年: 因鼓励暴力反抗反黑人法律被判5年劳役
1964年: 作为ANC的领导人之一被判终身监禁
1990年: 出狱, 继续为实现黑人和白人平等的梦想而努力
1993年: 获得诺贝尔和平奖
1994年: 当选为南非总统
你对这部电影的看法
……
【参考范文】
　　The popular film, Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom, which is based on Mandela’s autobiography, has been shown in South Africa and the United States since November 28, 2013. Born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918, Mandela was sentenced to five years’ labour for encouraging violence against anti-black laws in 1962. Two years later, he was sentenced to prison for life for being one of the ANC leaders, but after being released from prison in 1990, he continued to make efforts to achieve the dream of making black and white people equal. Owing to his great work, not only did he win the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993, but also he was elected (as) President of South Africa a year later.
This excellent film has been made in honor of Mandela, which is really worth seeing because you can benefit a lot from it.
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课时素养评价
五　Unit 2　Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Knowing(know) that you are interested in Peking Opera, I’m writing to invite you to watch it with me.
2. I looked up and noticed a snake winding(wind) its way up the tree.
3. Working(work) hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car.
4. On our way home, we noticed him carrying(carry) a black bag.
5. With the teacher helping(help)me, I passed the exam finally.
由于老师的帮助, 我终于通过了考试。
6. It rained heavily in the south, causing(cause) serious flood in several provinces.
7. I’m sorry to have you waiting(wait) for so long.
8. Having completed(complete) his homework, Tom went out to play for a while. ?
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. With time going on, I have learned many practical skills. ?
随着时间的流逝, 我学到了很多实用的技能。
2. Being a League member, he is always helping others. ?
作为一名共青团员, 他经常帮助他人。
3. I can’t have you speaking aloud in the classroom like this. ?
我不能让你像这样在教室里大声喧哗。
4. Living far away from school, they come to school early in the morning every day. ?
虽然住得离学校很远, 他们每天早上都很早来上学。
5. The boy left the water running after he washed his hands. ?
冲完手之后, 男孩就让水一直流着。
6. The students went out of the classroom, talking in a low voice. ?
同学们小声地说着话走出了教室。
7. Having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English. ?
学了大约十年英语, 我对英语掌握很好。
8. She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. ?
她捧着许多书走进了房间。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2019·青岛高一检测)
When we are kids, we don’t know what we will overcome. At the age of thirteen, I fell ill. This illness lasted three years and I missed a lot of schooling. Doctors tried their best to help me as much as possible, but in the end this was something I just had to be used to. I felt little hope in life. However, in my junior year of high school, I had a turning point. I discovered my gift for writing and then I realized if I continued to let this problem hold me back, my dream would never come true. So my state of mind changed. Going through the difficulty also gave me the strong desire to write. Writing what mattered most to me helped me overcome what sickened me.
During my freshman and sophomore (高中二年级的) year I did not learn much due to illness. So I became focused and determined and actually completed high school in two years instead of four. At the close of my junior year, I had straight A’s and became an honor roll student. Seeing what I had accomplished, I realized that having disadvantages doesn’t mean it is impossible to achieve success.
By becoming a writer, I’ve become a reader. While performing community service at the library, I read to those who are less fortunate and unable to read. From pre-school children to the elderly, I enjoy my time reading to people of all ages. It is pleasing to see the awesome expressions on their faces as the words become a vision in their minds. Giving back is one of the greatest gifts you could give in life. It inspires me to write something people can learn from.
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者为了实现梦想克服疾病, 顺利完成学业, 并成为了作家帮到了其他人。用他自己的事情告诫人们不要因为残疾而退缩, 要努力回报生活所给予的。
1. How did the author feel when he got ill?
A. Optimistic. B. Nervous.
C. Hopeless. D. Calm.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的I felt little hope in life. (我感觉人生无望了)可知, 他在知道自己的病时是绝望的。
2. What led to the author’s turning point in life?
A. His efforts in study.
B. His talent for writing.
C. The change of his dream.
D. The desire to read to others.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的However, in my junior year of high school, I had a turning point. I discovered my gift for writing(然而, 高中时期是我人生的转折点, 我发现了自己的写作天赋)可知, 是发现自己擅长写作让作者振作起来。
3. What’s probably the author’s disadvantage in his mind?
A. Missing schooling due to illness.
B. Becoming an honor roll student.
C. Having a negative state of mind.
D. Failing to take exercise regularly.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章第二段的大意: 高中一二年级因为生病作者缺了很多课, 但是因为他的专注和决心他用两年时间完成了高中课程, 毕业时成了最佳学员, 所以他明白了劣势并不意味着不能成功。根据段落大意可知, 作者当时的劣势就是高一高二缺的课。
4. What can we learn about the author?
A. The author enjoys imagining things.
B. The author encourages others to read for life.
C. The author wants to benefit others by writing.
D. The author prefers to be a reader rather than a writer.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Giving back is one of the greatest gifts you could give in life. It inspires me to write something people can learn from. (回报就是生命中你所拥有的最好天赋之一, 它激励着我写一些能够影响他人的东西。)可知, 作者想通过写作来帮助他人。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2019·新乡高一检测)
Today all kinds of interesting interactions occurred. First, at a soup kitchen (赈济处), one of the gentlemen gave me several candies! That’s the first time that I have ever 　1　 it! It was so sweet and I am happy to 　2　 his kindness. ?
Another one is that a lady needed me to 　3　 her and asked me to pray for her husband. I hugged her and said of course I would. I always love hearing their 　4　 if they want to 　5　 So, so much love in just dissolving any barrier between“you”and“me”and seeing all of us as family. ?
Afterwards I went to a cafe to do some paper work and had a sandwich 　6　 heading off to one of my friends’ party, I noticed there was an elderly lady who was looking for a(n) 　7　 table. Since there were no empty tables, I pushed my papers aside and 　8　 to her, She understood, and then came to sit across from me. That then led me to getting to listen to her 　9　 World War Two survivor’s life story( She is 84 years old ! ). It was such a gift to share lunch with her! 　10　 I had to leave after a while, but it was so lovely to have lunch with a 　11　 and feel connected to her. As she said, ”The only things that 　12　 in life are health, family and 　13　. ?
As I was 　14　 to a friend’s party, I couldn’t help but reflect on the beauty of the day in all of the interactions I had and then I was just shocked by this full rainbow that I could see right next to my car. like the universe saying “Yeah, you got it! ” I will smile to myself for the rest of my life. So much 　15　 in each day. ?
【文章大意】作者通过与陌生人的接触中所得到的快乐, 觉得生活中唯一重要的是健康, 家人和朋友。作者认为自己的余生都会对自己微笑, 因为生活中有那么多的善意。
1. A. looked for　 B. come across
C. gone on D. struggled for
【解析】选B。句意: 这是我第一次遇到它! looked for寻找; come across碰巧, 偶然遇到; gone on继续; struggled for为……而努力。此处指“偶遇”。
2. A. express　　B. believe　　C. receive　　D. show
【解析】选C。句意: 这是如此甜蜜, 我很高兴收到他的好意。根据his kindness可知是“收到”好意。
3. A. stare at B. argue with
C. search for D. listen to
【解析】选D。句意: 另一个是一位女士需要我听她的话, 让我为她的丈夫祈祷。stare at凝视; argue with和……辩论; search for寻找; listen to听……。此处指“听她的话”。
4. A. information B. stories
C. sounds D. advice
【解析】选B。句意: 如果他们愿意分享, 我总是喜欢听他们的故事。此处指喜欢听他们分享“故事”。
5. A. make B. hide C. share D. combine
【解析】选C。句意: 如果他们愿意分享, 我总是喜欢听他们的故事。make制造; hide躲藏; share分享; combine结合。此处指愿意“分享”故事。故选C。
6. A. before B. after C. since D. until
【解析】选A。句意: 后来我去了一家咖啡馆做一些日常文书工作, 吃了一个三明治, 然后去参加一个朋友的聚会。此处指“去参加一个朋友的聚会之前”。
7. A. full B. movable C. complete D. empty
【解析】选D。句意: 我注意到一位老妇人在找一张空桌子。full满的; movable可移动的; complete完整的, 完全的; empty空的。根据下句中的no empty tables可知, 在找“空桌子”。
8. A. returned B. signed
C. shouted D. seemed
【解析】选B。句意: 由于没有空桌子, 我把文件推到一边, 示意让她过来。returned归还, 返回; signed打手势, 示意; shouted大喊; seemed似乎。
9. A. puzzling B. educational
C. important D. discouraging
【解析】选B。句意: 这让我开始听她讲述二战幸存者的有教育意义的故事(她84岁了! )puzzling令人迷惑的; educational有教育意义的; important重要的; discouraging令人气馁的。此处指“有教育意义的”故事, 故选B。
10. A. Luckily B. Excitedly
C. Surprisingly D. Sadly
【解析】选D。根据I had to leave after a while可知, 不得不离开这是很“遗憾地”。故选D。
11. A. stranger B. relative
C. neighbour D. native
【解析】选A。根据上文I noticed there was an elderly lady who was looking for a(n)______ table. 可知, 这位年长的老人是“陌生人”, 故选A。?
12. A. matter B. ignore
C. remember D. benefit
【解析】选A。句意: 生活中唯一重要的是健康, 家人和朋友。matter重要, 关键; ignore忽视; remember记得; benefit有利于。根据health, family and ______. 可知, 在生活中健康、家人和______是“重要的”, 故选A。?
13. A. bravery B. folks C. friends D. air
【解析】选C。生活中唯一重要的是健康, 家人和朋友(friends)。
14. A. leaving B. driving
C. running D. wandering
【解析】选B。根据下文next to my car可知, 是“开车”去的。故选B。
15. A. patience B. duty
C. kindness D. confidence
【解析】选C。句意: 每天都有那么多的善意。patience耐心; duty职责; kindness善良; confidence信心。根据上文的I will smile to myself可知每天都有“善意”。故选C。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
(2019·荆州高一检测)
After eating a diet of bread, hamburgers and spaghetti for three
1. __________(month), I began to miss Chinese food. Luckily, in 2. __________ international city like New York, I have little difficulty 3. __________(find) a Chinese restaurant. However, the Chinese food, which the locals consider
4. their favorite, is not exactly the Chinese food I enjoy in Beijing. I can always find such so-called “Chinese food” as honey chicken on the menu,
5. __________ I actually have never even heard of it before. ?
One day, I went to a Chinese restaurant with my local friends. After the meal, each of us 6. __________(give) a dumpling-shaped cookie. Once I bit into it, I realized something not quite right. I found a piece of paper with a message that read, “This fortune’s no good, try another. ” At first I 7. __________(think) it must be a trick of the restaurant. When I told this to my friends, they burst into
8. __________(laugh) and asked, “Are you really from China? ”?
But it doesn’t mean there is no place in New York where I can satisfy my stomach. I always head to China Town when I 9. (extreme) miss the food of my homeland. 10. (follow) the hot and spicy smell, I can always find the most typical(典型的) Chinese food that excites me in the city.
【文章大意】讲述了作者在无法忍受外国饭菜之后, 寻找中国食物的历程和其中发生的趣事。
1. 【解析】months。考查可数名词单复数。根据句意, 三个月是复数, 应使用名词的复数形式。故填months。
2. 【解析】an。考查不定冠词。此处泛指纽约这个城市, 没有特指的意思, 故使用不定冠词。又因后面的international为元音音素开头。故填an。
3. 【解析】finding。考查非谓语动词。此句的谓语为have, have difficulty (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配, 意为“做某事有困难”。使用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填finding。
4. 【解析】as。考查固定搭配。句意: 然而, 中国菜, 当地人认为是他们最喜欢的, 并不是我在北京吃的中国菜。consider as为固定搭配, 意为“认为……是……”。故填as。
5. 【解析】but。考查连词。根据句意, 前文作者提到这些所谓的中国菜, 下文提到作者其实并没有见过, 此处有转折对比的意思。故填but。
6. 【解析】was given。考查动词的时态和语态。饼干是别人给我们的, 故应使用被动语态, 又因为此事发生在过去, 故应使用一般过去时的被动语态, 又因是我们中的每一个人, 应使用第三人称单数。故填was given。
7. 【解析】thought。考查一般过去时。句意: 一开始我以为这一定是餐馆的把戏。整篇文章在讲述一个过去发生的经历, 文章的时态基调是过去时, 此处无特殊情况。故填thought。
8. 【解析】laughter。考查固定搭配。句意: 他们突然大笑起来, 问道: ”你真的是中国人吗? , 此处的笑是与前面他们没笑作比较。且burst into laughter为固定搭配, 意为“突然大笑”。故填laughter。
9. 【解析】extremely。考查副词。句意: 当我极度想念我家乡的食物时, 我总是去中国城。此处extreme修饰miss, miss为动词, 修饰动词使用副词, extreme的副词形式为extremely。故填extremely。
10. 【解析】Following。考查非谓语动词。follow与主语I是主谓关系, 故用动词-ing形式作状语。
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课时素养评价 一
六　Unit 2　Reading for Writing
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The invitation says that everyone should wear a disguise(伪装).
2. When accidents(事故) occur, we should calm down and turn to teachers or parents for help.
3. Chinese subway trains are now exported(出口) to developed countries including the United States.
4. A sense of humor can also help to ease the tension(紧张)between people.
5. I’ve learned English for more than eight years and I am familiar with computer operation(操作).
6. American students have a more flexible(灵活的) schedule to do part-time jobs.
7. My name is Li Hua, chairman(主席) of the Students’ Union of Chenxing Middle School.
8. Therefore(因此), I’d like to be your guide and show you around our city.
9. I study from morning until midnight(午夜), taking many practice exams.
10. Compared with the Internet, it does little harm(伤害) to our body, especially our eyes.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
in memory of; first aid; in tears; in disguise; pass away; trip over; a great deal; in a whisper; at midnight; do great harm to
1. I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had passed away. ?
2. On the other hand, we can learn a great deal from other students we meet in activities. ?
3. A parade will be held in our city in memory of the great day. ?
4. It is recognised that smoking does great harm to our health. ?
5. The old man tripped over a stone lying on the street. ?
6. The knowledge of first aid is a necessity, which can save someone’s life. ?
7. The girl ran away in tears, scolded by his father. ?
8. Some students are still doing their homework at midnight. ?
9. The thief was caught stealing by a policeman in disguise. ?
10. The two students were talking to each in a whisper when I came into the room. ?
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2019·遵义高一检测)
My family, my wife, Joan, our two teenagers Hannah and Joseph, and I, live in Atlanta with our two dogs.
Ten years ago, we moved into our dream house, a very big three-story home. It was a beautiful place, but as our children grew up, our sense of togetherness (团结) began to disappear slowly. In the big house, we sometimes seemed to be strangers to each other.
One day when Hannah was 14, she became upset about the difference between the world’s haves and the have-nots. She expected us to be “a family that makes a difference in the world, even if it’s a small difference. ” Joan asked her, “What are you willing to sacrifice? Your house? Your room? ” Hannah said yes to both. After talking it over as a family, we decided to sell our house and move to one that was half its size and price and donate (捐赠) the difference to those in need.
After a lot of research, we chose the Hunger Project, a US-based organization. It works with villagers in Africa, Asia and South America and helps them fight against poverty (贫穷). Our money went to pay for building two centers. Each has a meeting place, a bank and a health clinic (诊所). Together, the centers would serve more than 20 villages in eastern Ghana. We also traveled to meet the villagers and were blown away by their hard work and warmth.
To be honest, we were a little worried at first. Would we regard the new home as being too small for us? Or would we think we had given up too much? Two years later, I can tell you: It’s the best move we have ever made. While we worked together on our family project, we became much closer. As Hannah said the other day, “We learned how to really trust each other. ”
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。讲述了一家为帮助穷人卖掉大房子换成小房子的动人故事。
1. After they moved into a large house, the author’s family ______. ?
A. were not as close as before
B. wanted an even larger house
C. often went travelling together
D. often let strangers share their spare rooms
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句In the big house, we sometimes seemed to be strangers to each other. 可知他们搬进大房子之后, 家人之间的关系疏远了。
2. What does the underlined word “sacrifice” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Hope for. B. Look for.
C. Give up. D. Build up.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。从她母亲的问话“Your house? Your room? ”以及下文所描述的他们的行动可知该词的含义是“牺牲, 放弃”, 与”give up”同义。
3. Why did the author’s family sell their big house?
A. To go abroad.
B. To help the poor.
C. To treat Hannah’s illness.
D. To save money for the future.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句After talking it over as a family, we decided to sell our house and move to one that was half its size and price and donate the difference to those in need. 以及下文内容可知他们卖掉房子是为了给穷人提供帮助。
4. How did the author feel about his family’s move?
A. It was well worth it.
B. It was a bad decision.
C. It was a waste of money.
D. It wasn’t as satisfying as expected.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的It’s the best move we have ever made. 可知作者感觉他们做对了。
B
Running on the beach can certainly be a good thing. It’s completely different from running on the pavement, a track or trails with soft surfaces.
For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven(不平的)surface and constantly moves under your feet. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or pavement! But this unevenness has an upside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces.
You also might feel painful afterward because beaches tend to slope(倾斜)downward, toward the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body—including your ankle, leg or knee—might feel more painful because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.
Some beach runners tend to run barefoot. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and run short distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses different muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet.
Despite these challenges, running on sand can be a smart choice for athletes because running on it can decrease the bad influence on your body during high-intensity workouts. This could potentially lead to less muscle damage and less pain. Women had less myoglobin(肌红蛋白)—a protein that can be a sign of muscle pain—in their blood after running on the sand than they did after running on grass. This suggests running on softer ground surfaces, such as sand, may reduce muscle damage.
【文章大意】在海滩上跑步肯定是一件好事。这和在人行道上跑步完全不同, 路面是柔软的。文章主要说明了一些在沙滩上跑步需要注意的事项。
5. What makes running on sand difficult for starters?
A. The smooth surface. 　　B. The moving surface.
C. The sloping surface. D. The hard surface.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven surface and constantly moves under your feet. (对于初学者来说, 沙子可能是个挑战, 因为它的表面不平整, 而且在你脚下不停地移动。)可知运动的表面使得初学者刚开始在沙地上跑步很困难。
6. Which of the following best explains “upside” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Advantage. B. Reason.
C. Surprise. D. Challenge.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据下文It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. (它给你的身体提供了额外的锻炼, 迫使你锻炼肌肉, 而这些肌肉在坚实的地面上跑步时不会得到太多的锻炼。)可知是在描述这种不平整的一个好处。故可推测划线单词意思为“好处”。
7. What should you avoid when trying running barefoot?
A. Starting slowly.
B. Adapting your feet.
C. Developing some muscles.
D. Running long distances.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and run short distances at first. (然而, 如果你不习惯赤脚跑步, 开始时要慢慢来, 跑短距离。)可知要避免赤脚跑长距离。
8. What is the benefit of running on sand to women?
A. Having no muscle damage.
B. Becoming much healthier.
C. Feeling less painful.
D. Having a good feeling.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中Women had less myoglobin—a protein that can be a sign of muscle pain-in their blood after running on the sand than they did after running on grass. This suggests running on softer ground surfaces, such as sand, may reduce muscle damage. (女性在沙滩上跑步后血液中的肌红蛋白含量比在草地上跑步时要低。这表明在较软的地面上跑步, 比如沙地, 可以减少肌肉损伤。)可知对女性来说, 在沙滩上跑步的好处是不会那么痛苦。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·哈尔滨高一检测)
Understanding and appreciating art can be hard if you don’t have much experience with art. Don’t worry. The following can help you get an appreciation for artwork enormously.
●Relax as you look at work.
　1　, it’s best to go to the gallery or view the art when you’re in a relaxed mood so that the art affects you in a positive way. Limit distractions(分神) around you, like your cell phone, and try to clear your mind of negative or stressful thoughts. ?
●　2　. ?
Avoid saying things like “Anyone could make that”and drop previous opinions you have about the artwork before you actually see it. Try to approach the art with an open mind and don’t compare it with other works, especially if it’s not in the same style.
●Ask yourself how the painting makes you feel.
Instead of trying to focus on the technical aspects of the art, ask yourself how the art makes you feel. 　3　, it has an effect on you. Do be honest with yourself when you describe your real feelings. ?
●Research the artist’s life.
Some galleries have an informational plaque(牌匾) near the artwork that describes the artist. Read the informational plaque next to the artwork. This is a great way to better understand the artist and his mind when they created the art. Most art tries to express a feeling like sadness, anger, or happiness. 　4　. ?
●Speak and talk with artists.
Only if you like, you can find artists at their art shows. 　5　. Getting their thought may give you a deeper understanding and appreciation of their work. ?
Well now, if you still don’t get art and can’t appreciate it, try to create some artwork yourself. If you don’t know where to start, you can look up tutorials online or take a local art class.
A. Look at the artwork as objectively(客观的) as you can
B. If it makes you happy, sad, anxious or excited
C. As long as you understand the techniques used to create the art
D. Since being nervous can actually affect how you enjoy art
E. Take the time to speak to them
F. For example, if the artist saw a war, a sad feeling may be expressed in his art
G. There are different styles and types of art for you to further research
【文章大意】艺术经验不够丰富的人很难理解和欣赏抽象艺术, 本文为读者介绍了五种帮助理解抽象艺术的方法。
1. 【解析】选D。根据下文it’s best to go to the gallery or view the art when you’re in a relaxed mood so that the art affects you in a positive way. (当你心情放松的时候, 最好是去画廊或欣赏艺术品, 这样艺术就会以积极的方式影响你。)可知本空说明紧张会影响你如何享受艺术。故选D。
2. 【解析】选A。根据本段第一句Avoid saying things like “Anyone could make that” and drop previous opinions you have about the artwork before you actually see it. (避免说“任何人都能做到”之类的话, 在你真正看到艺术品之前, 放下你之前对它的看法。)可知要尽可能客观地看待艺术品。故选A。
3. 【解析】选B。根据上文Instead of trying to focus on the technical aspects of the art, ask yourself how the art makes you feel. (与其关注艺术的技术层面, 不如问问自己艺术给你的感觉如何。)可知要着重于艺术给自己的感觉, 如果它让你快乐、悲伤、焦虑或兴奋, 它就会对你产生影响。故B选项符合语境。
4. 【解析】选F。根据上文Most art tries to express a feeling like sadness, anger, or happiness. (大多数艺术试图表达一种感觉, 如悲伤、愤怒或快乐。)可知艺术家会将自己的情感表现在作品当中, 例如, 如果艺术家看到一场战争, 他的作品中可能会表达出一种悲伤的情绪。故F选项符合语境。
5. 【解析】选E。根据本段小标题Speak and talk with artists. (与艺术家交谈。)中speak可对应到E选项中speak to them, 表示“花时间和他们(艺术家)交谈。”故E选项符合语境。
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课时素养评价
四　Unit 2　Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. We all shared in her happiness when she won the scholarship(奖学金).
2. Time is the most precious(宝贵的)thing that we have.
3. In a good marriage(婚姻), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
4. His passive(被动的) attitude made me really annoyed.
5. The principle(原则) of the design is to offer the best to the readers.
6. Social evolution always takes place in the dilemma(困境) of economic development and cultural preservation.
7. I did stay right where I was, until I turned 65 and my boss made me retire(退休).
8. Students themselves need to cultivate their good virtues(美德) and qualities.
9. They expect him to do well in the next election(选举).
10. That will give us time to sell it elsewhere(别的地方) if you are not interested.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Do you think we should try to protect those old buildings or replace them with the modern ones?
2. If you moved to that country, would you be nervous or scared(scare)?
3. As a result, these students tend to feel(feel)sleepy all day and have bad memories. ?
4. The Journey to the West is a Chinese novel published(publish) in the 16th century during the Ming dynasty.
5. I’m writing to respond to your advertisement for the position of sales manager.
6. I am writing to complain about one of your bus-drivers’ improper and rude behaviors.
7. Now, let’s make an appointment(appoint) at 7: 00 pm next Sunday at the library near my home. 　
8. Enough sleep can make us energetic(energy) and perform well in an exam.
9. If we make the same choice as the majority(major), it will greatly reduce the risk of making wrong choices.
10. I have never seen a better(good) performance than this one.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2019·济南高一检测)
Marian Wright Edelman, an American lawyer, educator and children’s rights activist, was born on June 6, 1939 in South Carolina, one of five children. Her father Arthur Wright was a preacher (牧师) who died when she was only 14 years old. In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education. ”
After high school, Edelman went on to study at Spelman College and later traveled to the Soviet Union. When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead. In 1973, Edelman set up the Children’s Defense Fund as a voice for poor and disabled children. She served as a public speaker on behalf of these children.
During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D. C. to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene. The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary (纪录片) filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O. J. : Made in America. ”
Edelman is the author of many books for children and adults. Her titles for readers include I’m Your child, God: Prayers for Our Children, Guide My Feet: Prayers and Meditations for Our Children, Lanterns: A Memoir of Mentors, and The Measure of Our Success: A Letter to My Children and Yours, which was a surprising success.
【文章大意】本文讲述了一位出身牧师家庭的美国黑人女性, 凭着自己对正义公平的信仰, 依靠自身所受的良好教育, 投身民权和社会公益事业的故事。
1. What do we know about Edelman’s family?
A. She was the single child.
B. Her mother was a preacher.
C. They took education seriously.
D. The family had a poor life.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education. ”(父亲在给她的临终遗言中, 建议她不要“让任何事情妨碍你的教育”。)可推知Edelman的家庭对教育认真严肃。
2. Why did Edelman drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service?
A. She wanted to study abroad.
B. She intended to be a lawyer.
C. She had little time for her work.
D. She was interested in civil rights.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead. (1959年, 当她回到斯佩尔曼时, 埃德尔曼参与了民权运动。这份工作激励她放弃了进入外交部门学习法律的计划。)可知Edelman对民权很感兴趣, 让她放弃了进入外交部门的计划。
3. Where did Edelman get married?
A. In Washington D. C. 　　B. In the Soviet Union.
C. In South Carolina. D. In Spelman.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D. C. to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene. (在一次旅行中, Marian遇到了肯尼迪的助手Peter Edelman。第二年, 她搬到了华盛顿特区, 嫁给了他, 并在美国政治舞台的中心为社会正义工作。)可知Edelman是在华盛顿特区结婚的。
4. What can be learned about Edelman’s children?
A. They all worked for social justice.
B. They achieved something in career.
C. They won many awards in their lives.
D. They contributed to their mother’s books.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O. J. : Made in America. ”(这对夫妇有三个儿子: 约书亚、约拿和以斯拉。约拿是促进儿童教育的组织Stand for Children的创始人, 以斯拉是一位纪录片导演, 他的电影《O. J. : Made in America. 》获得了艾美奖。”)可知Edelman的孩子在事业上有所成就。
B
(2019·郑州高一检测)
　　The World Happiness Report, a United Nations agency report, measures (估量) how happy people are, and why. Norway is the happiest place on Earth—beating neighbour Denmark from the number one position.
Denmark, Iceland, Switzerland and Finland round out the top five, while the Central African Republic came last. Western Europe and North America took up most of the places at the top of table, with the US and UK at 14th and 19th.
The World Happiness Report mainly depends on asking a simple question of more than 1, 000 people every year in more than 150 countries. “Imagine a ladder (梯子), with steps numbered from 0 at the bottom to 10 at the top, ” the question asks, “The top of the ladder is the best possible life for you and the bottom of the ladder is the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time? ”
The average result is the country’s score—from Norway’s 7. 54 to the Central African Republic’s 2. 69. But the report also tries to explain why one country is happier than another. It looks at reasons including economic strength (经济实力) , social support, freedom of choice, and generosity.
This year’s report also has a text titled “restoring (恢复) American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite continually-increasing economic improvement. “The United States can and should raise happiness by solving America’s social problems—rising inequality and distrust—rather than focusing mainly on economic growth, ” the authors said.
Jeffrey Sachs, the director of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, which published the report, said President Donald Trump’s policies were likely to make things worse.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了世界幸福报告及各国排名并指出影响幸福排名的因素, 包括经济实力, 社会支持, 选择自由和慷慨。
5. Which of the following is the correct order of the countries in terms of happiness levels?
A. Denmark, the UK, the US, the Central African Republic
B. Denmark, the US, the UK, the Central African Republic
C. the US, Denmark, the UK, the Central African Republic
D. Denmark, the US, the Central African Republic, the UK
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章“Denmark, Iceland, Switzerland and Finland round out the top five, while the Central African Republic came last. Western Europe and North America took up most of the places at the top of table, with the US and UK at 14th and 19th. ” 可知Denmark, the US, the UK和the Central African Republic的幸福排名从高到低, 故选B项。
6. How does the World Happiness Report measure happiness?
A. By asking a question.
B. By having a conversation.
C. By doing scientific research.
D. By carrying out an online survey.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章“The World Happiness Report mainly depends on asking a simple question of more than 1, 000 people every year in more than 150 countries. ” 《世界幸福报告》的主要依据是每年向150多个国家的1000多人询问一个简单的问题。因此《世界幸福报告》就是通过问问题来衡量幸福的, 故选A项。
7. What can we know about America form the passage?
A. Its people live an unhappy life.
B. Its economy is going downhill.
C. Its social problems are hard to solve.
D. It has a lower happiness level than before.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章“This year’s report also has a text titled “restoring American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite continually-increasing economic improvement. ”今年的报告还有一个文本标题为“恢复美国幸福”, 调查为什么在美国幸福水平正在下降, 尽管经济与日增长。可以推断出美国幸福水平没有以前好, 所以要求恢复美国幸福水平, 故选D项。
8. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To explain the reason for being happy.
B. To introduce the World Happiness Report.
C. To talk about America’s social problem.
D. To discuss the policies by Donald Trump.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文主题就是介绍《世界幸福报告》及各国排名, 并指出影响幸福排名的因素, 所以作者的目的就是介绍《世界幸福报告》。故选B项。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·株洲高一检测)
When writing the story of your life, don’t let someone else hold the pen. 　1　 Here are some ideas for writing a life story: ?
Live happily in your own way. You are not in this world to live up to the expectations of others, nor should you feel that others are here to live up to yours. What success means to each of us is totally different. Success to others may mean being a good parent. Success is only about spending your life happily in your own way.
　2　 There are thousands of possible paths up the mountain of life, so it really doesn’t matter which path you start off on. The only mistake is by wasting time running around at the base of the mountain, telling everyone that your life path is wrong. ?
Embrace (信奉) new ideas, lessons, and challenges. Sometimes growing up means growing apart from old habits, relationships, and situations, and finding something new that truly moves you. 　3　 You should look very clearly into the unknown and enjoy it. Because when you come in contact with things that you don’t know, that’s when you’re learning, growing, and truly living. ?
Live honorably through kindness. If you live honorably, no matter how old you get, you’ll never lose your beauty. 　4　?
Spend quality time with people you love. 　5　 People don’t live forever. Appreciate what you have, who loves you and who cares for you. You’ll never know how much they mean until the day when they are no longer beside you. Someday you will either regret not doing so, or you will say, “I’m glad I did. ”?
A. Lost time is never found again.
B. Appreciate the little things in life that mean a lot.
C. Change your path when you must, but keep moving forward.
D. There is nothing more wonderful than seeing life as an adventure.
E. For others, it may mean to simply be happy or it can be all of the above.
F. And remember, there is no better thing than reaching out and holding the hand of someone in need.
G. Make wise choices every day because the way you live each day is a sentence in the story of your life.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何过好自己的一生向读者提出了几点建议。
1. 【解析】选G。由“When writing the story of your life, don’t let someone else hold the pen. ______ Here are some ideas for writing a life story”可知, 谱写自己人生篇章的时候, 不要把笔交给别人。以下是谱写人生篇章的一些想法。所以该空起到承上启下的作用。故G选项“每天都要做出明智的选择, 因为你每天的生活方式就是你人生篇章中的一句话”符合题意。故G选项切题。?
2. 【解析】选C。由“There are thousands of possible paths up the mountain of life, so it really doesn’t matter which path you start off on. The only mistake is by wasting time running around at the base of the mountain, telling everyone that your life path is wrong. ”可知, 通往人生这座高山有很多路可以走, 走哪条并不重要。唯一的错误是我们把时间浪费在了在山脚下徘徊, 告诉其他人你选择的路是一条错误的路。所以本段主要在告诉读者当你必须改变自己所走的路时, 你可以改变。但不能停留, 要继续前行也就是本段小标题所要说的内容。故C选项“当你必须改变自己所走的路时, 你可以改变。但要继续前行”符合题意。故C选项切题。
3. 【解析】选D。由“Sometimes growing up means growing apart from old habits, relationships, and situations, and finding something new that truly moves you. ______ You should look very clearly into the unknown and enjoy it. ”可知, 有时候, 成长意味着远离陈旧的习惯、人际关系和环境, 去发现一些真正打动你的新东西。你应该非常清楚地看到未知的事物并去享受它的乐趣。所以该空与前后句在一同说明小标题的内容。故D选项“没有什么比把生活看成一场冒险更奇妙的了”符合题意。故D选项切题。?
4. 【解析】选F。由“If you live honorably, no matter how old you get, you’ll never lose your beauty”可知, 如果你活得体面, 无论你多大, 你永远不会失去你的青春。所以该空要说明标题的中的“kindness”。故F选项“记住, 没有什么比伸出手来帮助有需要的人更好的了”符合题意。故F选项切题。
5. 【解析】选A。由小标题“Spend quality time with people you love”以及“People don’t live forever. ”可知, 与你爱的人共度美好时光。人们不会永远活着。所以该空要说明要珍惜时间与下一句一同来说明小标题的内容。故A选项“光阴一去不复返”符合题意。故A选项切题。
【阅读多维训练】
This year’s report also has a text titled “restoring American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite continually-increasing economic improvement.
分析:
本句是一个复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词a text titled “restoring American happiness”; 句中 titled “restoring American happiness”为过去分词短语作定语; why happiness levels in the United States are falling, 为why引导的宾语从句; despite continually-increasing economic improvement. 为介词短语作让步状语。
译文: 今年的报告也有一篇题为“恢复美国幸福”的文章, 这篇文章调查了美国幸福指数下降的原因, 尽管经济状况持续改善。
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