(共60张PPT)
Unit 2 Wish you were here
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体部
分用法。
Last month, our school arranged 1. ___ extraordinary adventure for us in
Africa. The destination is an old temple at the mountaintop where a famous
king 2. __________(bury). But before that, we should cross a desert by camel
first. We felt uncomfortable because it is 3. _____(dust) and there is hardly any
shade. We brought some more water 4. __ advance in case it ran out. After two
days we arrived at the foot of the mountain, where there were some cattle
an
was buried
dusty
in
5. __________(wander) around. We’d like to take some 6. ___________
(photograph) with them, but they were scared away. 7. _____ climbing endless steep steps, we reached the temple. It 8. ________(reflect) the sunshine and looked more brilliant. In my view, though it was a 9. _____(tire)trip, it is worthwhile 10. _________(explore)nature and ?I’ll remember it forever.
wandering
photographs
After
reflected
tiring
to explore
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. arrange vt. & vi. 安排 vt. 筹备; 整理
【文化金句】 It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.
父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。
【语块必记】
(1)arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
arrange sth. for sb. /sth. 为某人/某活动安排好某事
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
(2)arrangement n. 安排; 筹备
make arrangements for 为……作安排
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①They arranged for a soldier _______(show) us around their military base. ?
②The President had arranged ______(join) a picnic party. ?
③During vacation, we have been making ____________(arrange) for the new
coming term.
完成句子
④Can you ___________________Jean Nouvel’s exhibition at the Power Station
of Art? 你能安排我们去参观上海当代艺术博物馆的让·努维尔展吗? ?
to show
to join
arrangements
arrange for us to visit
【误区释疑】 “安排某人做某事”不能用arrange sb. to do sth. , 而应用arrange for sb. to do sth. 结构。
2. supply n. [U]供应, 供给, 补给; [C]供应量, 供给量
vt. 提供, 供给, 补给
【文化金句】 The supply of water has been increasingly limited; take care to turn off the running tap before you leave.
水的供应已越来越有限, 在你离开前请务必关闭水龙头。
【语块必记】
(1)supply sth. to sb.
=supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply 短缺
a supply of 一批, 很多
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Don’t forget that all dogs need __ supply of fresh water to drink.
②After the war broke out, food is __ short supply all over the country.
完成句子 世纪金榜导学号
③The government has been trying to ____________________ better medical
care and safer food. ?
政府一直努力向公民提供更好的医疗和更安全的食物。
a
in
supply the citizens with
【知识拓展】 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有:
①provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb.
②offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.
3. scare vt. 使恐惧, 惊吓 vi. 受惊吓n. [C]恐慌
【文化金句】 A true friend is not scared to tell you what you are doing wrong.
真正的朋友不会害怕告诉你做错了什么。
【语块必记】
(1)scare sb. away/off 将某人吓跑
scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
scare sb. into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)scared adj. (人)感到恐惧的
be scared of sb. /sth. 害怕某人/事
be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared that . . . 害怕……
(3)scaring adj. 令人恐惧的(指物)
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①If you charge as much as that, you’ll scare customers___.
②They scared him ____ handing over the keys.
③The little girl is ______(scare) to sleep in the bedroom alone.
句型转换
④Mary was scared of slipping on the ice, so she walked on it very carefully.
→________________________, so she walked on it very carefully. ?
off
into
Scared of slipping on the ice
scared
4. view vt. 观看; 看待 n. 景色, 风景; 观点, 观念, 看法; 视野
【写作金句】 In view of your present bad mood, you’d better put off the work till next week, when you may be in higher spirits. 考虑到你现在的情绪不好, 你最好把工作推迟到下周, 到时你情绪可能会好点。
【语块必记】
(1)come into view 进入视野, 出现在眼前
in view 在视野中
in one’s view 在某人看来
in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
(2)view/consider . . . as . . . 把……视为……
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to
excite the human mind across cultures. ( )
②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into
view. ( )
③Other countries like Korea and Republic of Korea have their own unique
views on beauty. ( )
④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released. ( )
观点
视野
观念, 看法
观看
介词填空
⑤The lake came ____ view as we turned the corner.
⑥You should keep your children __ view while going outing.
⑦Li Ning is viewed __ a successful gymnast and businessman.
into
in
as
完成句子
⑧__________, we should avoid violent behavior. ?
在我看来, 我们应该避免暴力行为。
⑨____________________, you’d better finish your teaching tasks ahead of
time. ?
鉴于这些因素, 你最好提前完成你的教学任务。
In my view
In view of these factors
5. bury vt. 埋葬; 埋藏; 遮盖; 使专心
【文化金句】 Once you bury yourself in Tang poems, you’ll be charmed by the wonderful Chinese language.
一旦你沉浸在唐诗中, 你就会被神奇的汉语所吸引。
【语块必记】
bury sth. in . . . 把……埋在……
be buried in=bury oneself in 埋头于, 专心于
【语境速测】 完成句子
①He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ________the pockets of his dark
overcoat. ?
他站在人行道上, 双手插在黑色外套的口袋里。
②Once he _______________something, he would close his ears to anything. ?
一旦他专心于某事, 就会对别的事充耳不闻。
单句语法填空
③______(bury) in his storybook, the boy didn’t notice his mother come in.
buried in
buried himself in
Buried
6. reflect vt. 反射(声、光、热等); 反映; 映出(影像)
vi. 仔细思考, 深思
【写作金句】 The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon a particular life experience.
这篇文章可以被看作是作者对于一次特殊的生活经历的感悟。
【语块必记】
(1)reflect . . . in . . . 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在; 反映在
reflect on/upon sth. 认真思考/反省某事
(2)reflection n. 反射; 反照; 深思; 映像
on reflection 经再三考虑, 仔细考虑
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①She needs time to reflect on your suggestion. ( )
②His face was reflected in the mirror. ( )
③That choice reflects your good taste of beauty. ( )
④The glass appears to reflect light naturally. ( )
单句语法填空
⑤She could see her face ________(reflect) in the water.
⑥Sunlight _________(reflect) may relieve global warming.
仔细思考
映出影像
反映
反射
reflected
reflection
7. announce vt. 宣布, 宣称
【写作金句】 Please be quiet, everyone! I have an announcement to make.
请大家安静一下! 我有一个通知要宣布。
【语块必记】
(1)announce sth. to sb. = announce to sb. sth.
向某人宣布某事
It is/was announced that . . . 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 宣布, 通告
make an announcement 发布宣告或通知
【语境速测】 完成句子
①___________________the groups had agreed to a cease-fire. 据宣告称这些
组织已经同意停火。?
②I promise I’ll _____________________when I find a new job. 我向你保证,
当我找到新工作时我会告诉你们的。?
It was announced that
make an announcement
熟词生义 读句子悟含义
The first few leaves on the ground announced the beginning of autumn.
( )
预示
8. harmony n. 和谐, 协调, 融洽
【写作金句】 Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. 人类被认为是自然的一部分, 同样, 我们要生存下去的唯一方式就是要与大自然和谐相处。
【语块必记】
(1)in harmony 和睦地; 和谐地
in harmony with . . . 与……协调一致/和睦相处
out of harmony with . . . 与……不一致/不和谐
(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的; 协调的
【语境速测】 完成句子
①In general, Austrian people pay a lot of attention to the environment and
try to live _____________________. ?
通常, 奥地利人很关注环境, 努力与自然和谐相处。
②The violin was __________________the rest of the instruments. ?
小提琴演奏得与其他乐器不协调。
单句语法填空
③The sky and the sea here made a ___________(harmony) picture.
in harmony with nature
out of harmony with
harmonious
Part 2 重点短语句式
9. in case万一, 如果; 以防
【写作金句】 The boy hid himself behind the tree in case his father should see him.
那个男孩藏在树后面, 以防他父亲看到他。
【语块必记】
in case of . . . 万一……; 如果发生……
in this/that case 如果这样/那样
in any case 无论如何; 不管怎样
in no case 决不(位于句首, 句子用倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义及用法
①Please call me in case someone comes to visit me. (__________; 引导_____状
语从句)
②She always has a second key somewhere in case she loses the first one.
(_____; 引导_____状语从句)
③The bus is usually on time, but start early, just in case. (_________; 作___
词用)
万一, 如果
条件
以防
目的
以防万一
副
句型转换
④Anybody should in no case be allowed to stay here. (变为倒装句)
→_______________________be allowed to stay here. ?
⑤It is often the case that he is ready to help others. (变为定语从句)
世纪金榜导学号
→_________________, he is ready to help others. ?
In no case should anybody
As is often the case
10. Colin and I plan to spend a few weeks travelling before he goes to university. 科林和我计划在他上大学之前外出旅游, 玩上几个星期。?
【文化金句】 Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.
传统上, 大学生在开始他们的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励他们自己。
【句型公式】
before“在……之前; 过不了多久就……”, 引导时间状语从句。
(1)before表示“还未……就……; 不到……就……; ……才……; 趁……; 还没来得及……就……; 在……之前”。
(2)It will be+一段时间+before . . . “多久之后才……”。
(3)It won’t be long before . . . “不久之后就……”。
(4)It was+一段时间+before . . . “过了多久才……”。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①You’d better write down her phone number ______ you forget it.
完成句子
②It ______________________I graduate from college. ?
三年后我才大学毕业。
③It ____ several years ______________that David had lied to me. ?
几年之后我才意识到大卫对我撒谎了。
before
will be three years before
was
before I realized
11. I was very excited because this was the first time I had seen one up close. 我非常兴奋, 因为这是我第一次近距离地看到一头(骆驼)。?
【写作金句】 It was the first time that Chinese astronaut had delivered the video lecture from space.
这是中国的航天员第一次进行太空视频讲课。
【句型公式】
句中含有“This is/was the first time (that). . . ”句型, 意为“这是第一次……”。该句型的具体用法:
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I was lucky because that was the second time(that) I __________(visit)
Canada that year. ?
②The little boy was excited when he saw snow ___ the first time.
had visited
for
【误区释疑】 the first time第一次, 可以用作连词引导时间状语从句。for the first time为介词短语, 常单独作状语, 不能用作连词引导从句。
12. We’ll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cow’s blood! 我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里, 不管他们吃什么、喝什么, 我们也一起吃、一起喝, 包括牛血! ?
【写作金句】 It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he wants.
给孩子他想要的任何东西一般来说被认为是不明智的。
【句型公式】
句中whatever引导宾语从句, 相当于anything that。
(1)wh-ever一类的词, 既可引导名词性从句, 又可引导让步状语从句;
(2)引导让步状语从句时常可换成“no matter+相应的wh-词”, 但在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①_______________________difficulties we may meet, we’ll finish the task on
time. ?
无论遇到什么困难, 我们都会按时完成任务。
②_________________________road you take, it will lead you to the station. ?
无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。
③________________________she is in trouble, he is there for her. ?
每当她有困难的时候, 他都会出现在她身边。
Whatever/No matter what
Whichever/No matter which
Whenever/No matter when
13. Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him. ?
科林正要从骆驼上下来, 这时一个孩子向他跑来。
【写作金句】 We were about to go shopping last Friday when it began to rain cats and dogs.
上周五, 我们正要去购物, 突然下起了大雨。
【句型公式】
be about to . . . when . . . 是固定句型, 意为“正要……, 这时/那时……”。在该结构中, when为并列连词, 通常翻译为“就在那时/这时”, 相当于“at that/this time”。 并列连词when构成的句型有:
(1)be about to do sth. when . . .
=be on the point of doing sth. when . . .
正要做某事, 这时突然……
(2)be doing sth. when . . . 正在做某事, 这时突然……
(3)had (just) done sth. when . . .
刚做了某事, 这时突然……
【语境速测】 句型转换
①Seated in the classroom, I was about to take my books out when suddenly I
became frozen.
→Seated in the classroom, I ________________________________________
suddenly I became frozen. ?
坐在教室里, 我正要拿出书, 这时我突然愣住了。
完成句子
②I ________________the computer _____ my parents came back. 我刚刚打
开电脑, 这时我父母回来了。?
was on the point of taking my books out when
had just turned on
when
【备选要点】
1. shade n. [U]树阴, 背阴处; 阴影, 阴暗部分; 阴凉处v. 遮住光线
【语块必记】
in the shade (of sth. ) 在(……的)阴凉处
put sb. /sth. in the shade 使某人/某物相形见绌
shade. . . from. . . 使……免受……的照射
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Stay ___________— it’s cooler. ?
待在阴凉处吧——那儿凉快些。
②I thought I was quite a good artist, but her painting ___________________.
我原以为自己是一个很不错的画家, 但她的画让我的相形见绌。?
③She ___________________the sun with her hand. ?
她用手遮住眼睛以避开阳光。
in the shade
put mine in the shade
shaded her eyes from
2. advance n. 前进; 预先 vi. 前进; 进步
【文化金句】 China has made great advances in science and technology in the past decade.
在过去十年里, 中国在科技方面取得了巨大进步。
【语块必记】
(1)in advance (=ahead of time) 提前, 预先
in advance of 在……前面, 超过
make advances 取得进步
(2)advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进
(3)advanced adj. 高级的; 先进的; 高等的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As I advanced _______________ the dog, it jumped and struck at me.
②To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi __ advance and got up very
early.
完成句子
③The course is suitable for beginners and ________________. ?
本课程适合初学者及程度较高的学生。
towards/on/upon
in
advanced students
3. schedule n. 工作计划, 日程安排, 时刻表, 进度表vt. 把……列入计划(时间)表; 预定, 安排
【文化金句】 The meetings about wildlife protection are scheduled to take place all over the country.
有关野生动物保护的会议被安排在全国各地举行。
【语块必记】
(1) ahead of schedule 提前
behind schedule 晚于预定时间
on schedule 按时
(2)be scheduled for 被安排在……时间
be scheduled to do sth. 被安排做某事
【语境速测】 完成句子
①The election was held six months ________________. ?
选举提前了6个月举行。
②Most holiday flights take off and land __________. ?
大部分假日航班都能按时起降。
③It will be completed several weeks ______________. ?
这将比原计划晚几个星期完成。
单句语法填空
④The second Hainan International Film Festival _____________(schedule) to
kick off in Sanya on Dec. 1. ?
ahead of schedule
on schedule
behind schedule
was scheduled
4. up close靠近地
【文化金句】 No matter how far away we are, we feel close to each other.
无论我们距离有多远, 我们都感觉近在咫尺。
【语块必记】
be/get close to 靠近
close to 靠近, 接近, 与……关系密切
close up to 离……近
come close to doing sth. 差一点做某事
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Don’t ____________the burning building, or you’ll hurt. ?
不要靠近起火的大楼, 否则你会受伤的。
②She lives _______her parents so as to look after them as much as possible. ?
她住得离她父母很近, 以便尽可能多地照顾他们。
③She wished that she could watch the play ________?
她希望自己能近距离地观看话剧。
单句语法填空
④In my opinion, the two cases are ______(close) connected.
get/be close to
close to
up close.
closely
【误区释疑】 close to短语中的close 为副词, 意为“靠近地, 接近地”, 常常强调距离。副词closely意为“仔细地, 密切地”, 表示抽象意义。
核心素养测评五 Unit 2 Wish you were here
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
It’s over 50 years since man first stepped on the moon, and we’re still harboring dreams of escaping life on Earth for the mysteries of space.
Californian company The Gateway Foundation has released plans for the Von Braun Station, a hotel floating among the stars. The aim is to get the hotel off the ground by 2025 and make it fully operational for travel by 2027.
Tim Alatorre, senior design architect at the Gateway Foundation, says the spinning wheel would create a simulated(模拟的) gravity. “The station is designed to rotate, pushing the contents of the station out to the sides of the station, much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water—the water pushes out into the bucket and stays in place, ” he tells CNN Travel.
The Gateway Foundation’s hotel design is named after Wernher von Braun, an aerospace engineer who pioneered rocket technology, first in Germany and later in the United States.
Space tourism is an expensive game—Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic plans to launch passengers into sub-orbital space at the sum of $250, 000 per person, per trip. Meanwhile, Aurora Station says a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million. Aurora Station aims to sleep just 12, whereas the Von Braun Station will sleep 352 people with a maximum capacity of 450.
“On board, there’ll be warm suites with carpets and stylish monochrome touches and chic bars that wouldn’t look out of place back on Earth, just with star-gazing views. There will also be plenty of fun recreational activities for guest to enjoy, ” says Alatorre.
“But our goal—the main goal of the Gateway Foundation—is to create a starship culture where people are going to space, and living in space, and working in space and they want to be in space. And we believe that there’s a demand for that. ” The Gateway Foundation also intends the space station to be used for research purposes, as well as asteroid mining.
“There’s no amount of water or trash or waste that is going to be discarded, everything will be recycled, reused, stored, converted to some other form. ”
【文章大意】本文为说明文, 讲的是美国一家基金会近日公布了太空旅馆的建设计划, 这个旅馆被设计成轮子形状, 将于2025年建成。
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A new wheel-shaped space hotel to be built.
B. The most advanced space hotel in the world.
C. The shape of the new space hotel.
D. The cost of a space trip in the future.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知, 本文主要介绍了美国一家基金会将打造一座轮子形状的太空旅馆, 故选A。
2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The new space hotel will spin under the influence of gravity.
B. The tourists to the space hotel will have few activities to enjoy there.
C. The new space hotel is quite environmentally-friendly.
D. The main aim to build the space hotel is to make money.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知A项错误; 根据第六段最后一句话可知B项错误; 根据最后一段可知C项正确; 根据倒数第二段第一句话可知D项错误。故选C。
3. A man’s trip to the new space hotel and a stay in it will cost$ . ?
A. 250, 000 B. 9. 5 million
C. 9. 25 million D. 9. 75 million
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话中的“. . . the sum of $250, 000 per person, per trip”和第二句话中的“. . . a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million”可知将花费9. 75 million美元, 故选D。
4. What does the underlined word“rotate”in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. spin B. stop C. break D. end
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话中的“the spinning wheel would create a simulated gravity”和第二句话中的“much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water”可知, 画线单词与spin意思一致, 故选A。
B
(2020·太原模拟)
In the far corner of the front yard of a large house in Florida rests an RV—Recreational Vehicle (房屋式休闲旅游车) , shaded by trees as clothing on a nearby line sways in the breeze. In this RV, National Geographic explorer Thomas Culhane lives with his wife, Enas, almost entirely off the grid—a lifestyle without relying on electricity supply.
Culhane began living off the grid in the late 1990s, when he went into the basement of his apartment building in Los Angeles and pulled the plug that delivered electricity. Even earlier though, he was first inspired by sustainable living during a trip in 1970 to visit his relatives. He was eight years old and worried that his stay in their small village was going to be miserable because his relatives told him they had no air conditioning or electricity—but they had plenty of fresh fruits from orchards (果园) and lots of cold drinks chilled by the icy stream from the ice caps of the nearby mountain. “This is amazing, ” says Culhane.
He met Enas when she was living in an ecovillage in Portugal. Enas said she liked the feeling of being low-impact, of being virtually harmless to the earth. Culhane was impressed and fell in love with her. The couple got married, living on the same property that they currently have. They moved into their first home together—an RV which they promptly took completely off-grid.
Inside their RV, Culhane and Enas have hot showers, a working gas stove, a refrigerator, a washing machine and a big screen TV. They use gas created by their on-site biodigesters (生物煮解器) to cook on a gas-powered stove. They also use energy created by the biodigesters to heat their bath water. They feed the biodigesters using their own food waste—at no additional cost to the earth.
Sometimes on weekends, the RV is turned into a classroom. The couple host workshops to let the community members and students know living an off-grid life is getting easier and teach them how to respect and coexist peacefully with the environment.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇在房屋式休闲旅游车中自给自足的生活。
5. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A. Add some background information.
B. Summarize the previous paragraph.
C. Provide some advice for the readers.
D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知, 本段主要介绍了Culhane居住在房屋式休闲旅游车里之前的一些背景信息。
6. What attracted Culhane most when he first met Enas?
A. Her marriage property.
B. Their common life belief.
C. The beauty of her ecovillage.
D. Her experience of exploration.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“Enas said she liked the feeling of being low-impact, of being virtually harmless to the earth. Culhane was impressed and fell in love with her. ”可推知, 当Culhane第一次见到Enas的时候, 最吸引他的是他们共同的人生理念。
7. What do the biodigesters produce?
A. Food waste. B. Additional costs.
C. Greenhouse gases. D. Alternative energy.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句“They use gas . . . to heat their bath water. ”可知, 生物煮解器可产生替代能源。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. An RV Classroom
B. Living off the Grid
C. Getting Close to Nature
D. Protecting the Environment
【解析】选B。标题判断题。通读全文内容, 尤其是第一段最后一句中的“Thomas Culhane lives with his wife, Enas, almost entirely off the grid—a lifestyle without relying on electricity supply”, 第二段第一句话中的“Culhane began living off the grid in the late 1990s”和最后一段第二句中的“The couple host workshops to let the community members and students know living an off-grid life is getting easier . . . ”可知, 本文主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇完全脱离电力供应, 住在房屋式休闲旅游车中的自给自足的生活, 故选B。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most students have experienced or suffered from procrastination (拖延症). Here are some tips to help you reduce procrastination.
Set goals
Students often procrastinate because they think that they can put off the work for a while and enjoy their time at the moment. 1 , when the deadline becomes one day away and the essay has yet to be started. In order to stay on track, you should constantly set and update goals. It can be beneficial to mark all deadlines in a planner and think about how much time you need to meet them all. Update your plan for the upcoming two weeks so that you do not get overwhelmed(压倒), and continue to update as other assignments and events arise. Additionally, make a daily schedule in order to reach necessary goals before going to bed. ?
Reward yourself
It can become extremely difficult to work for hours straight in order to finish schoolwork. In order to keep productivity, set breaks at the end of a period of time or once you finish a section of your work, you can reward yourself with some deserved, scheduled, and controlled procrastination-like activities. 2 . Breaks like these are proven to increase productivity and keep you focused, and they will make the process of studying much more bearable! ?
Remind yourself of what you’re doing
Sometimes you may begin to think that what you are working on has little to do with what you ultimately want to do. You may consider some work or a class pointless and not useful to your further studies. However, when these thoughts arise, remind yourself what the ultimate goal of your schooling is. Remind yourself why you wanted to go to school and take this program in the first place. 3 . ?
Turn off the Internet
4 . If you do not need the Internet to do your work, turn it off so that you are not receiving notifications while completing your work, and you are not so tempted to search for sites. The same goes for your cell phone; you can take a break from being connected to the cyber world in order to do your schoolwork. If you feel the need to check messages and websites often, set time when you will allow yourself to do so rather than constantly staying connected. ?
5 . ?
Being productive for all hours of every day does not work—you do need breaks, and as a student you are entitled to have a lot of fun. So, in order to balance productivity and amusement, plan time to go out with friends or do something relaxing. But ideally, social and relaxation plans should be made after a significant portion of work is complete. This way, while you are working, you can keep in mind that once you have finished your work you can go out and not worry about your assignments.
A. Have something to look forward to
B. Enjoy every minute in school
C. You may have coffee with a friend, cook, or watch a television show
D. This thought tends to make things worse, though
E. The Internet has become an essential part of our daily life
F. You may understand why you should focus on completing your work
G. Some of the most common distractions are those found on the Internet
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了帮助学生克服拖延症的一些方法。
1. 【解析】选D。设空处前一句中的“because they think that they can put off the work for a while and enjoy their time at the moment”说明了学生们有拖延症的原因, 后一句描述了拖延症造成的后果。D项意为“但是, 这种想法往往会使事情变得更糟糕”, 承接上文话题; 且D项中的This thought指的是前一句中一些同学喜欢拖延的理由, 故选D。
2. 【解析】选C。由设空前的“with some . . . activities”和设空后的“Breaks like these”可知, 设空处应填描述奖励自己的休息活动, C项所述符合前后语境, 故选C。
3. 【解析】选F。本段介绍第三个办法, 即明白自己正在做什么, 且设空处前一句中的“why you wanted to go to school and take this program in the first place”和F项中的“why you should focus on completing your work”相呼应, 故选F。
4. 【解析】选G。由设空处下一句中的“turn it off so that you are not receiving notifications”可知, 设空处应说明互联网对学习或完成任务造成的干扰, G项所述符合语境, 故选G。
5. 【解析】选A。设空处应填主题句, 且由下文中的“as a student you are entitled to have a lot of fun”及“plan time to go out . . . or do something relaxing”可知, A项“有所期待”符合本段主旨, 故选A。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6. 5 percent this year, marking the best 1. (perform) since 2010, 2. the Made in China 2025 strategy(策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue (税收).
The increase is 0. 5 percentage point 3. (high) than the targeted growth, partly 4. (drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises(企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.
“The country’s industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks 5. the Made in China 2025 strategy. It promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as 6. Internet, big data and cloud computing, ” Mina added.
The ministry also predicted that the country’s industrial output would be likely
7. (grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, Internet, and software and information technology service
8. (increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.
According to Miao, the country will also publish policies 9. promoting the development of digital economy. The data show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22. 58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second
10. (global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了因为“中国制造2025”战略, 预计今年中国工业产出将增长6. 5%左右, 这将是自2010年以来的最佳表现。
1. 【解析】performance。考查词性转换。由形容词best可知, 此处应该用名词performance作动词make的宾语, 故填performance。
2. 【解析】as/because。考查连词。句意: 因为“中国制造2025”战略有助于提高生产率和收入, 预计今年中国工业产出将增长6. 5%左右, 这是自2010以来的最佳表现。前后是因果关系, 故填as/because。
3. 【解析】higher。考查形容词的比较级。句意: 这个增幅比目标增长率高0. 5个百分点。句中有than, 表比较, 所以用形容词的比较级, 故填higher。
4. 【解析】driven。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这个增幅比目标增长率高0. 5个百分点, 部分是受传统企业大力增加使用新技术的驱使。此处是用过去分词driven作原因状语, drive与主语“The increase”之间存在被动关系, 故填driven。
5. 【解析】to。考查介词。句意: 多亏了“中国制造2025”战略, 全国工业经济保持稳健增长。thanks to为固定短语, 意为“幸亏了……, 由于……”, 故填to。
6. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处特指“互联网”, 所以加定冠词the, 故填the。
7. 【解析】to grow。考查不定式。句意: 该部还预测, 明年中国的工业产值可能会增长6%左右。be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配, 意为“可能做某事”, 故填to grow。
8. 【解析】increasing。考查非谓语动词。这是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”, 作状语; 动词increase与宾语revenue 是主动关系, 故填increasing。
9. 【解析】on。考查介词。句意: 国家还将公布关于促进数字经济发展的政策。此处用介词on意思是“关于”, 故填on。
10. 【解析】globally。考查词性转换。句意: 数据显示, 去年全国数字经济总量达22. 58万亿元, 居全球第二位, 约占国内生产总值的30%。此处用副词globally (在全球地)作状语, 修饰现在分词ranking, 故填globally。
阅读理解
(2020·湖南六校联考)
If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we’re both better off as a result—so goes the principle of reciprocity. As humans, we are familiar with the concept, whether it is by buying rounds of drinks or expelling diplomats. But do animals also help those who help them? The answer may be yes. A paper by Dolivo and Taborsky shows that Norway rats will only give as good as they get.
In their laboratory, Dolivo and Taborsky first trained rats to pull a stick that provided a food item within the reach of a rat in a neighboring cage separated from them by wire mesh(铁丝网).
They then introduced a further treatment in which an experimental rat was placed in a cage with other caged rats on either side. On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.
In the following trials the focal rat (the one in the central cage) had the opportunity to repay the other rats using the same stick tool to deliver food items.
Now, the rats had typically turned their noses up at the carrot and showed a strong preference for the more desirable banana. On the basis that the banana-providing rat should be therefore remembered as the superior partner, the authors predicted that in the test phase(阶段) the focal rat would more readily provide help for banana-offering rats than for carrot-offering rats. This proved to be the case: the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards—it seemed that they were behaving reciprocally.
Dolivo and Taborsky’s experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them. It is apparent that we shouldn’t undervalue the ability of animals to engage in reciprocity.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了Dolivo和Taborsky用挪威老鼠做实验得出结论的过程。实验的结果告诉人们, 我们不应该低估动物的互惠能力。
1. What does the underlined word “reciprocity” probably refer to?
A. The act of being kind to other people.
B. A cooperative exchange of favors.
C. A positive attitude to everything.
D. The quality of being generous.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的“If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we’re both better off as a result”可知, 如果两个人互相抓背, 则两人都能得到好处; 由此可推知, reciprocity意为“互惠”。故B项正确。
2. What would happen if a rat pulled the stick?
A. It would find some food in its own cage.
B. Other rats would be able to enter its cage.
C. Another rat in another cage would get food.
D. It would be able to enter a neighboring cage.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第三段尾句“On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces. ”可推知, 如果一只老鼠拉棍子, 则另一个笼子里的老鼠会吃到食物。故C项正确。
3. Which got more benefit from the focal rat?
A. The rats that preferred carrot pieces.
B. The rats that preferred banana pieces.
C. The rats that had provided carrot pieces.
D. The rats that had provided banana pieces.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容尤其是“the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards”可知, 提供香蕉片的老鼠会得到更多的回报。故D项正确。
4. Which of the following might Dolivo and Taborsky agree with?
A. Some animals may return others’ help.
B. Norway rats have very poor memories.
C. It is hard to explain the ability of animals.
D. Rats’ behavior is very uncommon.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Dolivo and Taborsky’s experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them. ”可知, Dolivo和Taborsky的实验表明, 老鼠能够回忆起谁提供的帮助和帮助的质量, 并调整它们的行为, 从而投入更多的时间和精力去帮助那些帮助过它们的同类; 由此可推知, 动物会回报帮助过它们的对象。故A项正确。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
If you have a long holiday to spend, where do you want to go?
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Approximately 85 km—but somehow a whole world away—from Singapore’s shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi’s centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity(生物多样性) seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilt(支柱) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and a total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
As the only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometers of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo’s beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks(吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo’s signature—aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast on locally caught seafood—the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa’s incredible ocean views and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of the pure place. Its 24 villas—each with their own sea view private plunge pool—are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia’s coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these villas are stylish proof of Song Saa’s admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文, 主要介绍了几个旅游度假的好地方。
1. What can we see in the center of Nikoi’s Island?
A. Lands of desert.
B. Streams and rivers.
C. Tall buildings.
D. Kinds of animals and plants.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一个旅游景点Nikoi Island, Indonesia介绍中的第二句“Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi’s centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. ”可知, 在Nikoi岛的中心可以看到多样性的生物, 故选D。
2. What can we learn about the Amanpulo’s villas?
A. They are made of bricks.
B. We can have a good view of sea there.
C. They are very expensive.
D. We can learn many historic stories from them.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二个旅游景点Amanpulo, Philippines介绍中的第二句“Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo’s beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. ”可知, 在Amanpulo的别墅区可以欣赏到美丽的海景, 故选B。
3. What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A. Diving. B. White-water rafting.
C. Mountain-climbing. D. Rainforest tours.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三个旅游景点Song Saa, Cambodia介绍中的最后一句“With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination. ”可知, 在Song Saa可以参加热带雨林旅游活动, 故选D。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a 1 job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live in and money in the bank for trips and 2 , and there was nothing much wrong in my life. 3 , I was bored. ?
I wanted more. I wanted to live brightly and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the grey ones of everyday life. But I was 4 . I had never had any 5 in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of 6 , and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite 7 that childhood shyness. ?
And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really 8 . ?
So I figured that the small steps weren’t enough. I signed up for an internship(实习期的工作) of teaching English in Vietnam, an impossibly huge step, one that 9 me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was 10 and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to 11 everything that this very strange environment would 12 at me. ?
I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. I’d learned to 13 myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home unrecognizable, even to myself, let alone to others. The 14 that had controlled my life and the self-doubt were 15 . ?
That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
1. A. stable B. temporary
C. difficult D. demanding
【解析】选A。根据上文中的“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. ”可推知, 之前作者的生活过得不错, 有收入稳定的工作, 故选A。stable “稳定的”; temporary “暂时的”; demanding “要求严格的”。
2. A. tips B. rewards C. treats D. fines
【解析】选C。根据空前的“money in the bank for trips”可推知, 作者生活舒适, 有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词, 意为“款待”。tip“小费, 窍门”; reward “奖赏, 回报”; fine “罚款”。
3. A. Thus B. Instead
C. Otherwise D. However
【解析】选D。根据语境可知, 空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系, 故选D。thus “因此”; instead “相反”; otherwise “否则”; however “然而”。
4. A. proud B. innocent C. outgoing D. afraid
【解析】选D。根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知, 作者内心充满了恐惧。
5. A. pride B. confidence
C. interest D. shame
【解析】选B。根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ”和“childhood shyness”可推知, 作者一直以来对自己都缺乏信心(confidence), 与下文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. ”相呼应。?
6. A. stress B. excitement
C. confusion D. surprise
【解析】选A。根据空后的“even though I did get better as I got older”可推知, 在孩童时期, 去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理压力(stress)。
7. A. added to B. talked about
C. got over D. suffered from
【解析】选C。根据空前的“never”可推知, 作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
8. A. continued B. survived
C. failed D. helped
【解析】选D。根据句中的“But”可推知, 作者尽管尝试了很多方法, 例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍, 并采取了一些小的措施, 但是都没有帮助(helped)。
9. A. ignored B. impressed
C. annoyed D. terrified
【解析】选D。此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应, 故这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified), 同时又使作者激动万分。
10. A. nice B. colorful
C. strange D. inadequate
【解析】选C。由下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知, 作者身处异国他乡, 对那里的食物感到陌生(strange)。
11. A. doubt B. handle C. quit D. obtain
【解析】选B。根据语境可知, 作者不知道自己是否能够应付(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛给自己的一切。
12. A. point B. throw C. shout D. aim
【解析】选B。参见上题解析。throw at “朝……扔”。
13. A. trust B. enjoy C. excuse D. forgive
【解析】选A。与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. ”形成对比可推知, 作者在越南支教期间学会了自信。
14. A. fear B. respect C. courage D. anger
【解析】选A。由空后的“controlled my life”和“the self-doubt”可推知, 作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制, 与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。
15. A. picked up B. forgotten about
C. worn off D. put off
【解析】选C。作者从越南回来之后, 发生了巨大的变化, 自信满满, 自我怀疑逐渐消失(worn off)。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作世纪金榜导学号
假定你是红星中学李华, 你的英国朋友Peter热爱体育运动, 他将作为交换生到你校学习一年。请你给他写封邮件, 主要内容包括:
1. 介绍你校体育课程及活动;
2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear that you will come to our school on a one-year exchange program. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the sports courses in our school as well as a Chinese traditional sport.
First of all, for each class in our school, there are two to three periods of PE class every week. Basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are offered to students. Besides, the school sports meeting is held annually, which students can take part in according to their interests. What I recommend to you to learn is Chinese kungfu, a traditional sport in China. Practicing it regularly will help you stay fit in a fantastic way.
Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅳ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Arthur, a young painter, went to France to surround himself with beauty and inspiration. He lived on the cheap, painted every day, visited museums, traveled to picturesque places, bravely spoke to everyone he met, and showed his work to anyone who would look at it.
One afternoon, he struck up a conversation at a cafe with a group of charming young people, who turned out to be some fancy nobles. They took a liking to Arthur and invited him to a party that weekend in a castle in the Loire Valley. They said this was going to be the party of the year. It would be attended by the rich and famous and by several crowned heads of Europe. Best of all, it was a masquerade ball(化妆舞会). “Dress up, ” they said, “and join us! ”
Excited, Arthur worked all week on a costume(服装)that he was certain would be highly impressive. He held back on neither the details nor the imagination of this creation. Then he rented a car and drove three hours to the castle. He changed into his costume in the car and went up the castle steps. Arthur entered the ballroom, proud.
Upon arrival, he immediately realized his mistake.
This was indeed a costume party but this was a themed costume party. The theme was “a medieval court”. All around him, the wealthy and beautiful were dressed in fancy clothes, wearing sparkling jewels. Arthur, on the other hand, was dressed as a lobster (龙虾), wearing a red coat, red tights, red ballet slippers, and giant red claws. Also, his face was painted red. And he was the only American in the room, too.
注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
He stood at the top of the steps for one long, frightful moment. ____________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
As he moved into the crowd, a silence fell. ___________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
He stood at the top of the steps for one long, frightful moment. Running away in shame seemed like the easiest response. But he didn’t run. Somehow, he found his determination. He’d come this far, after all. He’d worked really hard to make this costume, and he was proud of it. He took a deep breath and walked onto the dance floor.
As he moved into the crowd, a silence fell. The dancing stopped. The other guests gathered around Arthur. Finally someone asked him what on earth he was. He bowed deeply and announced, “I am the court lobster. ” Everybody laughed out of joy. They loved him. They loved his sweetness, his weirdness(怪诞), his giant red claws, and his skinny legs in his bright tights. He made the party. He danced with many fancy nobles in fancy clothes and had great fun.
书面表达
假如你是一名英国学生Harry, 有一位中国笔友Li Hua想了解一下你的家乡爱丁堡, 请你根据提示回复一封电子邮件。
提示内容:
爱丁堡 苏格兰的首府, 政治和文化中心
人口 约46万
面积 264平方公里
地理位置 苏格兰 (Scotland) 的东南部
交通 机场位于市中心, 公共交通十分便利
天气 气候温和 (mild climate)
旅游 最受欢迎的旅游城市; 古老建筑众多; 每年吸引200多万名游客, 是理想的度假胜地
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Li Hua,
How are things with you? Today I’m writing to tell you something about Edinburgh which you asked about in the last e-mail.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Harry
【参考范文】
Dear Li Hua,
How are things with you? Today I’m writing to tell you something about Edinburgh which you asked about in the last e-mail.
Edinburgh, located in the southeast of Scotland, is the capital of Scotland as well as its political and cultural center. It covers an area of 264 square kilometers with a small population of about 460, 000.
With the airport lying in the center of the city, it is convenient to go around. What’s more, you can easily get wherever you are going using public transport. Edinburgh has a mild climate, which makes it one of the most popular tourism cities. It attracts more than 2 million tourists every year. What makes it unique is its splendid ancient architecture standing along streets, such as the Edinburgh Castle.
I would be more than happy to guide you around if you would pay a visit here.
Yours faithfully,
Harry
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