(共71张PPT)
必修3
Unit 1 The world of
our senses
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体部分用法。
Lin Lin is a schoolgirl who takes new approaches to 1. _________(employ)
herself in her lessons because she attaches importance 2. __ the study. Once a
schedule is made, by strictly 3. _________(observe) it, she can avoid putting off
what should be done till tomorrow. But she is not good at maths. So she is
anxious 4. _____ the coming exam.
employing
to
observing
about
Last night, Lin Lin had a very bad dream. In her dream, she 5. ________
(hesitate) to write the answer to the 6. _________(confuse) question and failed
the maths exam. As 7. __ result, her mother punished her by asking her to kneel
down. What was 8. _____ (bad), all her classmates laughed at her, saying,
“Ha! Ha! How stupid you are! ”It is very likely 9. ____ they will not agree to
her studying methods.
How sad Lin Lin was feeling then! Suddenly she woke up. She felt
10. _______(relief) that it was only a dream.
hesitated
confusing
a
worse
that
relieved
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. confuse vt. 使糊涂, 使迷惑
【写作金句】 Lucy found herself being examined in hospital when she opened her eyes, which made her confused very much. 露西醒来的时候发现自己正在医院里接受检查, 这让她感到非常困惑。
【语块必记】
(1)confuse A with/and B 把A与B混淆
(2)confused adj. 糊涂的, 感到迷惑或困惑的
be/feel/get confused (about) (对……)感到迷惑或困惑
(3)confusing adj. 令人迷惑或困惑的
(4)confusion n. 困惑, 迷惑
【误区释疑】 confuse为动词, confused与confusing均为形容词, 但v. -ed形式表示人或物处于某种状态(尤指声音、表情、眼神等), 常修饰人; 而v. -ing形式表示使人产生某种情感, 常修饰物。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I always confuse John ________ his brother; they are very much alike.
②The teacher is explaining what we were confused _____.
③If you wake up from a nap feeling ________(confuse)or more tired, it’s likely
that your timing was just off.
语段填词
④To our _________, the boy wasn’t ________ about such a _________ question.
(confuse)
with/and
about
confused
confusion
confused
confusing
2. observe vt. 观察; 注意到; 遵守; 庆祝; 评论
【文化金句】 The parking rules in public places should be observed strictly, otherwise you will get a ticket.
应该严格遵守公共场所的停车规定, 否则你会拿到一张罚单。
【语块必记】
(1)observe Christmas/New Year’s Day/festivals 庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日
(2)observation n. 观察; 注意; 监视
observer n. 遵守者, 观察者; 观察员
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe traditional
customs. ( )
②People of many Western countries observe Christmas. ( )
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the
chimps. ( )
④Did your friends observe on your unusual dress? ( )
遵守
庆祝
观察
评论
单句语法填空
⑤My uncle acted as an ________(observe) at the UNESCO International Youth
Forum.
⑥In hospital she’ll be under ___________ (observe) all the time.
observer
observation
句型转换
⑦She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way.
→She observed _____________________on the opposite of the way. ?
⑧The police observed the man enter the bank.
→The man ___________________the bank by the police. ?
that a man was walking
was observed to enter
【误区释疑】 observe sb. do sth. 结构如果改成被动语态, 应补上省略的to, 即sb. be observed to do sth. 。类似用法的动词还有see, watch, hear, feel等。
3. hesitate v. 犹豫, 迟疑不决
【文化金句】 We are at your service. Don’t hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems. 我们随时为您服务, 如果您还有问题的话, 不要犹豫向我们求助。
【语块必记】
(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事; 不愿做某事
hesitate about/over . . . 对……犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate _________(contact) our
Customer Service Department. ?
②When the girl entered the room, the boy followed without _________
(hesitate).
to contact
hesitation
句型转换
③I would accept the post without hesitation.
→I _______________________ the post. (hesitate)?
→I ________________________________ the post. (hesitation)?
wouldn’t hesitate to accept
would have no hesitation in accepting
4. anxious adj. 焦虑的, 忧虑的; 不安的
【文化金句】 When we are anxious or upset, practicing calligraphy can make us calm down, and turn to be reasonable. 当我们焦虑不安的时候, 练习书法可以让我们平静下来, 变得理性。
【语块必记】
(1)be anxious for/about . . . 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
be anxious that . . . (should) do sth. 希望……
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑; 担心; 渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地
【语境速测】 完成句子
①We __________________________(焦急地等待) for the news of her safe arrival. ?
②Her family was poor, so the girl ________________________(急于完成学业)
and get a job. ?
was anxious to finish school
waited anxiously/with anxiety
句式升级(用形容词短语作状语改写)
③Because his parents are anxious about his safety, they send him to school in
person.
→_________________________________________________________?
Anxious about his safety, his parents send him to school in person.
5. recognize vt. 认识, 辨认出; 意识到; (正式)承认
【文化金句】 Pingyao has been listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO in recognition of its conserved ancient city layout.
平遥被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产, 这是对平遥保存完好的古城布局的认可。
【语块必记】
(1)recognize sb. /sth. by/from . . . 根据……认出某人/物
be recognized to be/as . . . 被认为是……, 被认作……
It is generally recognized that . . . 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认识; 认出
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond
__________(recognize).
②Although he hadn’t seen his friend Jack for years, he recognized him
_______ his voice.
完成句子
③The Mona Lisa _________________________(被公认为)the most famous
painting in the history of art. ?
recognition
by/from
is widely recognized as/to be
句型转换
④ Traffic jam is recognized to have become one serious problem to citizens.
→_________________ traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens. ?
It is recognized that
【知识拓展】 表示“认为, 把……看作”的词组还有:
①regard . . . as/to be . . . ②consider . . . as/to be . . .
③think of . . . as . . .
6. attach vt. 使连在一起, 把……附在……上; 认为……重要; 使依恋vi. 与……有联系
【文化金句】 The country should attach great importance to energy saving and environmental protection.
国家应该重视能源节约和环境保护。
【语块必记】
(1)attach . . . to . . . 将……附在……上
attach importance/significance/value to . . .
认为……有重要性/意义/价值(to为介词)
(2)attached adj. 依恋的; 附属的; 喜欢的
be attached to 喜欢; 依附于; 隶属于
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself? ( )
②The high school is attached to that university. ( )
③We must attach importance to the education of the children.
( )
④A young man attached himself to me at the party and I couldn’t get rid of
him. ( )
把……附在……上
附属于
认为……重要
缠着, 纠缠
单句语法填空
⑤The photo ________ (attach) to the application was sometimes that of a very
good-looking person and sometimes that of a less attractive person.
⑥We are very attached __ this house and would hate to move.
⑦Recent years, our country has attached much importance __ building heritage.
attached
to
to
7. panic (panicked, panicked) vi. & n. 惊慌, 恐慌vt. (使)恐慌
【文化金句】 Don’t panic or get out of line, trying to remain quiet and calm.
不要惊慌或者离队, 尽量保持冷静。
【语块必记】
(1)in (a) panic 惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入惊慌状态
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Office workers fled __ panic as the building caught fire.
②When she found her son was out of sight, the lady got into __ panic.
③Rumours ________ (panic) many citizens into flooding into supermarkets to
buy salt.
in
a
panicked
8. ignore vt. 忽视; 对……不予理会
【写作金句】 Once we discover a mistake, we should not ignore it but correct it immediately.
我们一旦发现错误, 就不应忽略它, 而应立即纠正。
【语块必记】
(1)ignorant adj. (对某事)不了解的; 无知的
be ignorant of/about. . . 对……不知道/不了解
(2)ignorance n. 无知
out of ignorance 由于无知
be in ignorance of . . . 不知道……
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Don’t make improper comments out of _________(ignore) before you know
the whole story.
②People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing ________ (ignore).
完成句子
③He confessed himself that _______________________________________. ?
他承认自己对于他们的家庭收入一无所知。
ignorance
ignorant
he was ignorant of/about their family income
Part 2 重点短语句式
9. in sight 看得见, 在视力范围之内
【文化金句】 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。
【语块必记】
out of sight 看不见
at first sight 初看时, 乍一看
at the sight of . . . 一看见……
catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见
come into sight 进入视野
【语境速测】 用sight的短语完成句子
①_____________his mother, the baby cried with excitement. ?
②The place was so crowded; we soon __________him. ?
③At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the
train was __________. ?
④I _____________my former teacher just now, but he turned at a corner and I
__________him. 世纪金榜导学号?
At the sight of
lost sight of
out of sight
caught sight of
lost sight of
10. reach out 伸出(手), 伸手拿
【文化金句】 One can reach out to another person without any words. What it takes is a shoulder to cry on and an ear that listens.
一个人可以不用任何言语就接触到另一个人, 需要的仅仅是一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀和一只倾听的耳朵。
【语块必记】
(1)reach for 伸手去拿/去够
(2)within one’s reach 够得到/在某人能力范围之内
beyond one’s reach=out of one’s reach 够不到/力所不及
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He reached ___ his hands and gave his wife a big hug and said “I love you”.
②My daughter is not tall enough to reach ___ the dishes.
③You should leave your keys ______ your reach.
out
for
within
11. watch out for 留心, 密切注意
【写作金句】 Wherever you go, you must watch out for the traffic safety there.
无论你去哪里, 你都要注意那里的交通安全。
【语块必记】
(1)watch out 小心; 提防
watch for 守候, 等待
watch over 看守; 监视; 照管
(2)on watch 值班, 看守
keep (a) close watch on 密切注视, 严密监视
【语境速测】 用watch 的短语填空
①_________! There’s a car driving fast toward here. ?
②Be careful! ____________cyclists and other runners. ?
③It is said that each country will have its own experts to __________the
changes. ?
④The man ________didn’t notice the danger. ?
⑤Jim is anxiously ___________the result of the football match. ?
⑥The government is ______________________how the situation develops. ?
Watch out
Watch out for
watch over
on watch
watching for
keeping a close watch on
【知识拓展】 表示“当心, 留神”的短语还有: look out for, take care等。
12. Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard. ?
波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着胡子的老人的脸。
【写作金句】 Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words. 即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己找不到合适的话来表达自己。
【句型公式】
find+宾语+宾语补足语
(1)find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式:
(2)如果find的宾语是动词不定式或从句, 而其后有宾语补足语时, 习惯上用形式宾语it来代替, 并把真正的宾语放在后面。
【误区释疑】 find后的宾语补足语一般不用不定式, 但可用to be, 且常省略, 构成find sb. /sth. (+to be)+形容词/介词短语/名词短语“发现某人/物是……(状态/性质等)”。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①When he came to himself, he found himself ___________(surround) by a
group of boys.
②Dick found himself _______(walk) in the direction of Mike’s home.
③She woke up and found herself __ a hospital bed. ?
④At first, the new settlers found __ difficult to obtain jobs.
surrounded
walking
in
it
13. Don’t be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark. ?
不要惧怕鲨鱼, 因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
【写作金句】 Our grain output will be 10 times that of 1960. 我们的粮食产量将是1960年的10倍。
【句型公式】
英语中常见的倍数表达法有:
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The population now in this village is five times _____ it was ten years ago.
一句多译 世纪金榜导学号
②The red ruler is three times _________the yellow one. ?
=The red ruler is three times __________the yellow one. ?
=The red ruler is three times ___________the yellow one. ?
这把红尺子是那把黄尺子的三倍长。
what
as long as
longer than
the length of
【备选要点】
1. approach vt. 靠近, 接近; 着手处理 n. 靠近; 方法; 途径
【文化金句】 With the approach of Spring Festival, the community began to take on a cheerful atmosphere.
随着春节的临近, 社区开始呈现出一片欢乐的气氛。
【语块必记】
(1)approach sth. 靠近某物; 处理某事
approach sb. on/about sth. 与某人商量某事
with . . . approaching 随着……的临近
(2)approach to . . . ……的方法/途径
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①Such people as are friendly are easy to approach. ( )
②We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
( )
③He thought of several ways of approaching this problem. ( )
接近
方法
着手处理
单句语法填空
④At the meeting they discussed three different __________(approach) to the
study of mathematics.
⑤We need to try other approaches to _______ (solve) the problem.
完成句子
⑥Have you ___________________________________taking a day off? ?
你和你的班主任谈请一天假的事了吗?
approaches
solving
approached your head teacher about/on
【知识拓展】
(1)approach作名词用, 指做事的“方法, 途径”时, 其后常接介词to; 而表示某人或某物“临近, 靠近”时, 其后常接介词of。
(2) 各种不同的“方法”所搭配的介词不同:
①in . . . way 以……的方法
the way of doing sth. /to do sth. 做某事的方法
②with the method of doing sth. 用做某事的方法
③by means of doing sth. 用做某事的方法
④with the approach to (doing) sth. 用(做)某事的方法
2. aid n. & vt. 帮助
【语块必记】
(1)first aid 急救
come to sb. ’s aid 来援助某人
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
in aid of . . . 为了帮助……
aid sb. in/with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The old woman walks ____ the aid of a stick.
②Our professor encouraged and aided us in _____ (do)scientific research work.
③Neighbours aided him _______ money when he almost lost everything in the
fire.
完成句子
④Nobody ______________(来帮助她) when she was in trouble. ?
with
doing
with/in
came to her aid
3. relief n. 轻松, 宽慰
【写作金句】 To our great relief, as time went on, more and more victims of the earthquake were rescued.
令我们感到欣慰的是, 随着时间的流逝, 越来越多的地震遇难者获救。
【语块必记】
(1)in/with relief 如释重负; 松了口气
to one’s relief 令人感到欣慰的是
It’s a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的
What a relief! 可轻松了!
(2)relieve vt. 使轻松, 宽慰; 缓解
relieve sb. of. . . 解除某人……方面的负担
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Much __ our relief, the outcome of the general election is far better than we
have expected before.
②It is __ great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
③The medicine greatly relieved him __ his headache.
完成句子
④—Don’t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—____________(总算松了口气)! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious. ?
to
a
of
What a relief
4. whisper vt. & vi. 小声说; 私下说; 耳语n. 耳语, 小声说的话
【语块必记】
(1)whisper (sth. ) to sb. 对某人小声说(某事)
whisper (to sb. ) that . . . (对某人)小声说……
It is whispered that . . . 有人私下说……
(2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声说
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As we watched the panda, we stood still, __________(whisper) to each other.
②It is _________(whisper) that the neighbour is heavily in debt.
whispering
whispered
5. roll up 卷起来; 到达; (转动把手)关闭
【语块必记】
roll over 从(边上)滚下; (使)翻滚
roll sth. down 摇开, 旋开
roll in 大量涌入; 滚滚而入
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She rolled ___ her sleeves and began to prepare supper.
②Bill finally rolled ___ two hours late.
③The waves rolled __ to the beach.
完成句子
④Later the man __________(翻滚) on his back and slept. ?
up
up
in
rolled over
核心素养测评七 Unit 1 The world of our senses
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
When I was three years old, I couldn’t speak. It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.
One day, I was shadowing (尾随) my mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and through it our eyes met. She began to speak to me through the reflection, and I slowly began to mimic (模仿) her mouth’s movements until I formed a word.
It turns out that I’m deaf in my left ear, and have a slight problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but I’ve never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow. Imagine being able to shut out all sounds as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”, and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.
People call my deaf side my “bad ear”, but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t. In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.
Owning a hearing aid hasn’t always felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid, when I was eight, I took it to school for show-and-tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men? ” At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.
But it’s not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens. Every video on social media that lacks subtitles (字幕), for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.
And with hearing aids costing around $2, 500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to the things that others take for granted. As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky. I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. And when it comes to sleeping, I’m even superhuman.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。
1. How does the author view his hearing difficulty?
A. It’s a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.
B. It gave him a chance to experience something special.
C. It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.
D. It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解, 尤其是最后一句“That’s my reality when I sleep on my ’good ear’, and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes. ”可推知, 听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验, 与最后一段倒数第二句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. ”呼应, 故选B。
2. What can be inferred from the passage about the author?
A. He was born deaf.
B. He is optimistic and helpful.
C. His family and classmates have supported him a lot.
D. The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my ’bad ear’, but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t. ”和对本段的整体理解可推知, 助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利, 故选D。
3. What is the author’s attitude toward his life?
A. Grateful. B. Anxious.
C. Excited. D. Disappointed.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky. ”和第四句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. ”可推知, 作者对自己的生活充满感激之情, 故选A。
4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A. To give advice on life to disabled people.
B. To show how difficult life is for disabled people.
C. To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.
D. To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解可知, 本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事, 故选C。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.
分析: 本句是主从复合句。as though引导的方式状语从句与现实相反, 故谓语动词用were。
翻译: 例如, 在电影院, 只需点击一个按钮, 我就可以欣赏整部电影, 就像演员们对我耳语一样。
B
When medical staff are in full scrubs(手术衣), their faces are almost completely covered by their caps and face masks, and we can only see their eyes and eyebrows. In order to solve the problem, doctor in Sydney Australia, called Rob Hackett launched a campaign named “Theatre(手术室) Cap Challenge” to encourage medical staff to write their names and roles on their caps. At first, his colleagues didn’t take it seriously. However, with time going on, it has been adopted around the world with studies from the US and UK reporting how this simple idea can decrease human errors in health care.
“I went to a theatre where there were about 20 doctors and nurses in the room, ” Dr. Rob Hackett said. “I struggled to even ask to be passed some gloves because the person I was pointing to thought I was pointing to the person behind him, because I don’t know their names, ” said Rob. As we all know, doctors are a stressful profession. When faced with life and death, they need to save the patient’s life for a second. At the moment, effective communication is important.
“The ’Theatre Cap Challenge’ is in response to the concern that avoidable mistakes and poor communication are contributing to many harmful events for our patients, ” said Rob. “We need to develop systems which reduce mistakes and misunderstanding without causing any harm. Besides, we need to let the patients know we’re humans, ” he added. ?
On the other hand, from the patients’ viewpoint, caps with names on them can make patients more unworried. When everyone appears the same, it is extremely difficult to distinguish who is who. Knowing the name and position of every staff member around them can make them relaxed.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 文章介绍了澳大利亚医生Rob发起了一项运动, 该运动旨在鼓励医务人员在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 以便改善医务人员之间的交流, 减少错误的发生, 同时也使病人更加放松。
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Hospital staff are asked to cover their faces in hospitals.
B. Rob is in favor of writing names and roles on caps.
C. Rob wanted to be a professional doctor in the near future.
D. Rob’s idea can increase human errors in health care.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Rob Hackett launched a campaign named “Theatre Cap Challenge” to encourage medical staff to write their names and roles on their caps. 可知, Rob发起活动, 鼓励医务人员在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 由此可知他支持在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 故B项正确。
6. What can we know about the “Theatre Cap Challenge”?
A. It can make the caps more fashionable.
B. It is opposed by all the doctors and nurses.
C. It aims to reduce mistakes and improve poor communication
D. It can help people pass some gloves in a theatre.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中Rob的经历和第三段中的“The ’Theatre Cap Challenge’ is in response to the concern that avoidable mistakes and poor communication are contributing to many harmful events for our patients ”可知, “Theatre Cap Challenge”这项活动的目的是减少错误、改善交流不畅的局面, 故C项正确。
7. Which of the following best explains “we’re humans” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. We’re generous. B. We’re negative.
C. We’re satisfied. D. We’re kind.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及其前一句可知, 我们需要开发减少错误和误解而不对病人造成伤害的系统; 此外, 我们需要让病人知道医务人员也是人, 即让病人感受到医务人员的善意。D项与画线部分表达的意思最为接近。
8. What may be the patients’ attitude towards the campaign?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving.
C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.
【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据最后一段可知, 手术帽标注名字以及职位可以让病人不再焦虑, 并且感到放松; 由此可推知, 病人对这一做法应该是支持的, 故A项正确。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2020·合肥模拟)
Chocolate is popular with people around the world. Hot chocolate has been used for many years to treat diseases and fight bad moods. It’s known as a special healthy drink from the 16th to 19th centuries, and sometimes was taken as a medicine. 1 Let’s enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. ?
● 2 Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health. The flavonoids (类黄酮) increase the blood flow and oxygen to your brain, helping you think better. If you want to improve your memory, try drinking two cups of hot chocolate a day. ?
●It contains more antioxidants (抗氧化物). 3 So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolate’s powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine. Hot chocolate contains a little bit more antioxidants than a bar of chocolate, which are released when the drink is heated up. ?
●It improves your mood. Chocolate, including hot chocolate, is a well-known mood adjuster. 4 Hot chocolate contributes to the release of a beneficial chemical, which helps improve your mood and make you feel happier. ?
●It’s good for your heart health. The flavonoids found in hot chocolate are good for your heart health. 5 Choose healthy hot chocolate and be sure to drink it in moderation. Remember, chocolate itself contains sugar and fat, so you can’t allow yourself to drink more than two cups a day. ?
A. It can help you lose weight.
B. It improves your brain health.
C. This tasty drink helps fight stress, anxiety and depression.
D. Hot chocolate contains more antioxidants than green tea and wine.
E. Flavonoids reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood pressure.
F. Drinking hot chocolate helps prevent the absorption of nutrition from other foods.
G. Now, people don’t consider hot chocolate as a medicine but drink it even more than ever.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了喝热巧克力的作用: 提高大脑的健康; 含有更多的抗氧化物; 改善人的情绪; 有益于心脏健康。
1. 【解析】选G。根据空处后一句“Let’s enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. ”可知, 设空处应承上启下, 说明现代人当下更喜欢喝热巧克力的事实, 故G项正确。
2. 【解析】选B。根据空处所在的位置可知, 空处为该段的主题句; 根据空处后一句“Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health. ”可知, 该段主要讲述了喝热巧克力对大脑健康的积极作用, 故B项正确。
3. 【解析】选D。根据空处后一句“So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolate’s powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine. ”可知, 比起喝绿茶和葡萄酒, 喝热巧克力是获得巧克力强效抗氧化物的更好方法。据此可推知, D项“热巧克力比绿茶和葡萄酒含有更多的抗氧化物”符合语境。
4. 【解析】选C。根据该段主题句“It improves your mood. ”可知, 该段主要讲述喝热巧克力可以改善人的情绪; 结合语境可知, 热巧克力可以帮助人们克服紧张、焦虑和沮丧, 故C项正确。
5. 【解析】选E。根据该段主题句可知, 该段主要讲述热巧克力对心脏健康有好处; 结合该段第二句可知, 热巧克力中含有的类黄酮有益于心脏健康, 因而可以推断, 空处应介绍类黄酮的作用, 即其通过降低血压来降低患心脏病的风险, 故E项正确。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020年山东新高考模拟)
On the morning of her grandson’s wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news. The 91-year-old was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the 1. (celebrate)in Madison, New Jersey.
Unknown to McCormack, her grandson Brian 2. his wife Lauren had made a heartfelt plan 3. (include)her in the day’s activities.
4. (follow)by a wedding photographer, the couple made a surprise visit
5. the hospital before heading to the reception. ?
“She was so excited to watch 6. (we)get married, ”the bride said. “She was simply living for this wedding. So we brought the wedding to her. ”?
“When we walked into that room, she was 7. (obvious)shocked, ”the photographer said. “She just kept 8. (say)’I can’t believe you’re here! ’and thanking them for coming to see her. The way she held their hands, 9.
(touch)their faces and just looked at them, you could tell they had such a special bond. I don’t think she released Brian’s hand 10. entire time that we were in the room. ”
“It meant the world to bring the wedding to her, ”the groom said. “It was such a small portion of the day to trade in for such a special moment. ”
【文章大意】Peg McCormack因为摔伤住院, 不能参加外孙的婚礼, 但是这一对新人却送给了Peg McCormack一个惊喜。
1. 【解析】celebration。考查名词。作动词attend的宾语, 应使用名词celebration。
2. 【解析】and。考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知, 该空前后her grandson Brian和 his wife Lauren共同充当句子的主语, 并在逻辑上是并列关系, 故填and。
3. 【解析】to include。考查非谓语动词。include意为“包含”。作名词plan的后置定语, 应使用动词不定式。
4. 【解析】Followed。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, follow by在句中作状语, 和句子主语the couple在逻辑上是被动关系, 故应使用过去分词。
5. 【解析】to。考查介词。make a visit to sb. 是固定短语。
6. 【解析】us。考查人称代词。作动词watch的宾语, 应使用人称代词的宾格形式。
7. 【解析】obviously。考查副词。修饰动词应使用副词形式。
8. 【解析】saying。考查非谓语动词。keep doing意为“持续做某事”, 故填saying。
9. 【解析】touched。考查时态。分析句子结构可知, touch和held及looked at都是并列谓语, 应使用动词的过去式形式。故填touched。
10. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处表示特指, 应使用定冠词。
阅读理解
Travel can be fun, but when you have to move with a disability, getting from point A to point B can become frustrating. Airlines know this and do their part to make air travel as comfortable as they can for every passenger.
Here are some tips and information on what major airlines do for travelers who need extra support when flying.
United
When flying with United, call the airline’s disability desk (1-800-228-2744) 48 hours in advance of travel if you’ll be traveling with an assistive device so they can ensure your device can be used in flight. Any special needs you have should be mentioned when you make your reservation so the airline staff can do their best to help you. This includes the need for assistance in getting to your gate, boarding, getting to your seat, deplaning or connecting.
Delta
Depending on the type and age of the aircraft, accessible features of Delta’s aircraft include movable armrests of seats, wheelchair space, on-board wheelchairs and, on larger airplanes, wheelchair-accessible washrooms. Depending on the aircraft, they also provide seats with a movable aisle armrest for passengers needing to transfer from a boarding wheelchair to their own seat more easily.
US Airways
When traveling with US Airways, if you have a mobility disability and need special seating, call 800-428-4322 at least 24 hours before your scheduled departure to ensure your needs are met. Besides seats with movable armrests, the airline also provides seats with more legroom for passengers with an immobilized leg. The airline can also provide an on-board wheelchair but let them know 48 hours in advance if you need one.
Southwest
If you’re flying with Southwest and you need a wheelchair at the airport, or need other special assistance, it’s best to inform the airline in advance, or as soon as you arrive at the airport so your requests can be fulfilled as quickly as possible. On each aircraft, a small wheelchair that can fit down the aircraft aisle is available at every gate and can be used if you need help for getting into your seat.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文, 文章主要介绍了几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司。
1. Who is this passage intended for?
A. Those who have a disability.
B. Travelers who have difficulty in moving.
C. Travelers who become sick on the plane.
D. Travelers who are poor in health.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。通读全篇及文中多次出现的关键词“wheelchair”“assistance”等来看, 这篇文章介绍的是几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司, 因此它的目标读者是行动不便的旅客, 故选B。
2. Which airline could be the best choice for someone with a leg that can’t bend?
A. United. B. Delta.
C. US Airways. D. Southwest.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据US Airways部分中的“Besides seats with movable armrests, the airline also provides seats with more legroom for passengers with an immobilized leg. ”可知, US Airways有加大空间的座位提供给腿动不了的旅客, 与题干中的“with a leg that can’t bend”相吻合, 而其他航空公司的服务内容里没有提到这一条, 故选C。
3. You are most likely to find this passage . ?
A. on the Internet B. at the airport
C. on the plane D. in the newspaper
【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文并结合常识可推断, 文章信息是乘客在决定买哪家航空公司的机票前会阅读的材料, 不可能到了飞机场或在飞机上阅读, 故排除B、C两项; 且此类信息需要长期登出, 报纸也不适合, 故排除D项; 因此选择A项, 在网上可以查找到。
【知识拓展】词汇积累
1. frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的
2. assistive adj. 辅助的
3. scheduled adj. 计划的
4. fulfill v. 实现
Ⅰ. 阅读理解世纪金榜导学号
Inventor Hadeel Ayoub invented a black glove, which is put on to her hand before beginning the familiar sign language. She pushes a button on her wrist and a small speaker broadcasts the message. This glove translates sign language into speech to help people who cannot speak.
Ayoub is the inventor of BrightSign. She said, “My dream for BrightSign is to be a helper of the senses for the deaf people who want to voice their feelings and opinions without having to always look for someone to help them out. I hope the invention can give them the independence that they need and the control over their own communication. ” She figures out that each pair of gloves will cost a few hundred dollars and she also explains how they work.
The so-called the data glove which is connected with several sensors(传感器) to track the hand movements. And there are sensors that measure(测量) how much your fingers are flex and bends and there are sensors here that measure exactly where your hand is in 3D space. After that the information is being sent to a computer chip. Once people make a sign language, basically they pressed this button and it translates all of those movements into words that are spoken out through the speaker.
There are also new devices(设备) to help the blind. The Ford Motor Company worked with an Italian company to create a device that helps blind people feel the view outside a car window. The device turns light into movements that describes a sense of the scenery passing by. Last year Microsoft developed a free Seeing All app which turns a smartphone into a talking camera. Paul Bepey who is blind and lives alone uses the Seeing All to do things like finding food and drinks. You’ve got the ability of independence literally in your pocket on your smart device.
Analysts say demand for technology that augments our ability to see and hear the world around us can only grow.
【文章大意】本文介绍了新的科技——数据手套和帮助盲人的智能设备。
1. Why does the inventor Hadeel Ayoub invent a black glove?
A. To reduce pressure of the blind.
B. To improve accuracy in translation.
C. To replace the common glove.
D. To control over the deaf people’s own communication.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。 根据第二段的“I hope the invention can give them the independence that they need and the control over their own communication. ”可知, 发明者阿尤布希望给予使用者独立性, 以及掌控交流的能力。故选D。
2. Which is not the function of the new devices for the blind?
A. Feeling the view outside a car window.
B. Finding the food by themselves.
C. Measuring how much your fingers are flex.
D. Looking for the drink alone.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段讲述的为盲人设计的设备的功能来看, A项、B项、D项表述的功能都提到了, 但C项功能没有提到, 故选C。
3. What do the analysts think of the data glove and new devices?
A. They’ll be environment-friendly.
B. They’ll cater to the customers.
C. They’ll be made of plastics.
D. They’ll help speed up typing.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Analysts say demand for technology that augments our ability to see and hear the world around us can only grow. ”可知, 分析人士表示, 这一技术提升了我们观看和聆听周围世界的能力, 这一需求只会不断增长, 即迎合了消费者的需求。故选B。
4. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook
C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文介绍了新的科技——数据手套和帮助盲人的智能设备, 由此可知, 本文是一篇关于科技的文章, 结合所给选项可知, 本文可能来自一本杂志。故选D。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
Analysts say demand for technology that augments our ability to see and hear the world around us can only grow.
分析: 本句是复合句。动词say后跟省略that的宾语从句, 该宾语从句中that augments our ability to see and hear the world around us是名词短语demand for technology的同位语从句, 其中that在从句中不作成分。
翻译: 分析人士表示, 这一技术提升了我们观看、聆听周围世界的能力, 这一需求只会增长。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
I discovered the power of fear when I became stuck on my driveway. As much as I tried, I could not move my feet, 1 they were crazy-glued to the ground. The realization that my daughters were playing in Nancy’s house, just one-half block away, paralyzed (使麻痹) my 2 , making me unable to move. Black 3 was rising from behind the trees on the other side of the street and was enveloping three houses, making them barely visible. Nancy’s house was one of them. ?
I tried to 4 to my daughters, hoping to see them run safely to my arms, but my voice was 5 stuck—stuck in my throat with no 6 of coming out. There I stood, 7 , paralyzed and silenced by 8 , unable to protect the two little girls I loved 9 even I had realized. ?
Although 10 in a body that couldn’t move or speak, I could still hear. I could hear other mothers 11 calling their children. I could hear a 12 silence that covered the neighborhood instead of the usual happy voices of children. And, finally, I could hear the alarm of the fire engine. As the alarm 13 , “We’re on our way, ” it instantly removed the crazy glue that had held my feet to the ground and it 14 the soundproof (隔音的) box that had silenced my voice. ?
As I continued down the driveway, two little girls, my two little girls, ran toward me from across the street. They had come home to tell me about the fire in the garage next to Nancy’s house. Not only did my feet and voice work now, but my eyes were also in good working order and had no trouble producing 15 . ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。当作者突然发现女儿待的地方被浓烟笼罩时, 恐惧使作者双脚动不了, 也说不出话。听到消防车的警报声后作者终于恢复了正常。作者觉得恐惧的力量太大了。
1. A. even if B. as if
C. though D. as
【解析】选B。根据语境可知, 作者拼命努力, 但是双脚好像(as if)被紧紧粘在地上一样无法移动。此处用as if引导方式状语从句。
2. A. legs B. arms C. ears D. eyes
【解析】选A。上文说的是作者被困在车道上, 脚不听使唤, 且下文说作者不能移动, 因此这里应是说作者的双腿麻痹了。
3. A. fog B. water C. smoke D. cloud
【解析】选C。 根据空后的“was rising from behind. . . enveloping three houses”并结合语境可知, 此处表示黑色的烟(smoke)。
4. A. call on B. call off
C. call in D. call out
【解析】选D。根据上文内容可知, 作者女儿待的房子被黑烟笼罩, 作者应是想大声呼喊她们。call out to sb. 表示“对某人大声呼喊”。
5. A. yet B. seldom C. also D. still
【解析】选C。文章开头说作者的双脚无法移动, 这里是说作者的声音也被卡住了, 因此用also表示“也”。
6. A. trouble B. intention
C. patience D. pleasure
【解析】选B。根据语境并结合选项可知, 此处表示作者的声音卡在喉咙里发不出来。intention “打算”符合语境。
7. A. selfless B. careless
C. homeless D. helpless
【解析】选D。根据上文对作者的描述可知, 作者站在车道上, 双脚动不了, 说不出话, 此时的作者应是无助的(helpless), 故选D。
8. A. disease B. envy C. fear D. life
【解析】选C。根据文章首句中的“the power of fear”, 并结合语境可知, 此处为词汇复现, 故选C。
9. A. more than B. rather than
C. less than D. other than
【解析】选A。根据上文内容并结合语境可知, 此处是说作者爱自己的两个女儿比自己意识到的更多。more than “比……多”符合语境。
10. A. absorbed B. trapped
C. involved D. included
【解析】选B。作者站在那里不能动, 也说不出话。与前面多次出现的“stuck”呼应可知, 此处选B项“受困的”。
11. A. angrily B. confidently
C. calmly D. anxiously
【解析】选D。根据上文的描述可知, 在发生火灾这样紧急的情况下, 其他孩子的母亲应是焦虑地(anxiously)呼唤自己的孩子。
12. A. tiring B. boring
C. frightening D. relaxing
【解析】选C。作者此时心情焦虑, 而且周边平时孩子们快乐的声音没有了, 整个街坊一片可怕的(frightening)寂静, 故选C。
13. A. sang B. announced
C. told D. whispered
【解析】选B。警报声宣告着消防车的到来。这里用announced来描述行进中的消防车发出的让人避让的声音。
14. A. lifted B. unlocked C. filled D. carried
【解析】选B。根据语境以及该句中的“soundproof box”可知, 此处表示警报声打开(unlocked)了使作者声音消失了的隔音箱。
15. A. voices B. steps C. thoughts D. tears
【解析】选D。根据上文的内容以及该句中的“my eyes”可知, 此处表示眼睛也能流泪了。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. discover v. 发现
2. crazy adj. 疯狂的, 痴迷的
3. glue v. 用胶水粘合; n. 胶水
4. barely adv. 几乎不
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
为弘扬中国传统文化, 增强青少年的民族自豪感, 某中学生英语杂志开设了“中国传统节日”专栏, 面向广大学生征集稿件。你想投稿, 介绍中秋节, 内容包括:
1. 时间;
2. 庆祝方式;
3. 意义。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数;
3. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival.
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【参考范文】
Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. Falling on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, the festival is intended to celebrate the harvest and it is also a time to enjoy the moonlight.
Usually, each family shares and observes some common practices. Bathed in the shiny moonlight, the whole family will sit together, admiring the full moon and enjoying delicious mooncakes. In Chinese tradition, mooncakes stand for reunion, happiness and well-being of each family. Children often gather around their parents and grandparents, listening to stories about Chang’e and Yutu with interest.
Mid-Autumn Festival is a festival for family reunion. No matter how far away people are from their hometown, they will try to get back for a family get-together.
Ⅳ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A mother is a person who, seeing there are only four pieces of pie for five people, promptly announces she never did care for pie.
—Tenneva Jordan
I knew I was not supposed to be quite so excited. I was too old for that. At age eleven, the oldest and my mom’s “grown up”girl, I had to keep my cool. I was in middle school after all. But every chance I got, when I was alone, I checked each present under the tree. I read every tag and felt every package, guessing at the contents within. I had examined each gift so often that I could tell which present went to which person without even looking at the tags.
It had been a tough year for my family. Whenever my mom looked over at the tree and scattered (撒) presents, she would sigh and warn us, “There won’t be as much for Christmas this year. Try not to be disappointed. ” Christmas had traditionally been a time for my parents to spoil us. In years past, the presents would pile up and spill out from under the tree, taking over the living room. I had heard the phrase “giving is better than receiving, ” but thought that whoever had said that must have been out of their mind. Getting presents was the whole point! It was the reason I couldn’t get to sleep on Christmas Eve.
On Christmas morning, we eagerly waited in the hallway until Dad told us everything was ready. We rushed into the living room and let the wrapping paper fly. We made weak attempts to wait and watch while other family members opened their presents, but as the time passed we lost our self-control.
“Here’s another one for you, ” said Mom as she handed me a package. I looked at it, confused. Having spent so much time examining the presents before Christmas. I recognized this one. But it had not been mine. It was my mom’s. A new label had been put on it, with my name written in my mother’s handwriting.
“Mom, I can’t. . . ”
注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
I was stopped by my mother’s eager, joyful look. ?
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I have always remembered that Christmas fondly. _______________________
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【参考范文】
I was stopped by my mother’s eager, joyful look. “Let’s see what it is, honey. Hurry and open it. ” It was a blow dryer. Though this may seem only a simple gift, to me it was so much more. Being an eleven-year-old girl, I was stunned. In my world, where receiving lately outweighed giving, my mom’s act of selflessness was incomprehensible. It was a huge act. Tears filled my eyes and I thought in disbelief about how much my mom must love me to give up her Christmas so that I could have a few more presents.
I have always remembered that Christmas fondly. It had such an impact on me. As an adult with children in my life whom I adore, I can now understand my mom’s actions. I see actually, she was not “giving up her Christmas” as I had thought, but was finding an even greater joy in her Christmas because giving truly is better than receiving. My mom’s simple act meant the world to me. Whenever I look back on my mom’s giving, I will choose to give in my life.
阅读理解
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party? ” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her, ” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour. ”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ’flowers before bread’, ” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make. ”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们, 为他们的生活增加美的享受, 她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
1. What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A. The waste of flowers.
B. The loneliness of seniors.
C. The persuasion of other friends.
D. The warm atmosphere of weddings.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“’Where do all the flowers go after the party? ’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them. ”可知, 婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构, 故选A。
2. What was the woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?
A. She was moved.
B. She was excited.
C. She was worried.
D. She was surprised.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知, 当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时, 她感到难以置信、相当惊讶, 故选D。
3. What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème’s words?
A. It should focus on primary care.
B. It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C. It is doing something of great importance.
D. It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make. ”可推知, La?titia Thélème认为Floranthropie做的事产生了很大影响, 故C项符合文意。
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. Volunteer Your Time
B. Don’t Throw Flowers Away
C. Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D. Brighten Seniors’ Lives With Flowers
【解析】选D。标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花, 把花送给老人们, 给他们的生活带来了美, 故D项适合作文章标题。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her.
分析: 本句是主从复合句。think 后接宾语从句, 用and 连接, 第一个that省略, 第二个that不能省略。主句中含有the first woman 的定语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 省略了关系代词that/who。
翻译: 我走近的第一个妇女认为这是个错误, 这些花不可能是送给她的。
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