Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
English has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out what's happening in East Asia, or Africa, or anywhere, people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.
If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language, many would be surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semi-official language.English is the working language of many international institutes (研究所) as well as of most international research scientists.It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to learn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.
One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second language in countries such as Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them, it would seem that almost everyone there can talk in English.
Recently, a report said that at the beginning of 2001, English was the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English，Sweden now has the highest percentage of English speakers.What's more, English is the language rated as most useful to know, and over 77% of Europeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要讲了英语在世界上的广泛使用。
1．By writing this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us _____________.
A．why so many people speak English around the world
B．that English has become a language spoken all over the world
C．about the development of English in Europe
D．something about the English-speaking countries
解析：选B 主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句“English has surely become the global language.”以及后文的具体描述可知，作者主要想告诉我们，英语是目前世界的通用语言。
2．According to the passage, what has played an important role in spreading English around the world?
A．That governments have asked their people to learn it in school.
B．That English is the most beautiful language in the world.
C．That Europeans are willing to accept English as their language.
D．That people have to use English in their work.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.”可知C正确。
3．What does the underlined word “rated” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Stood. B．Agreed.
C．Considered. D．Argued.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据语境以及最后一句的“consider it useful”可知，rate在这里意为“认为，看作”。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Black parents don't want their children to learn English.
B．English is used in over 90 countries as an official language.
C．Not all international research scientists speak English at work.
D．English has become the most important language in Sweden.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“English is the working language ...as well as of most international research scientists.”可知，并不是所有的国际研究科学人员工作时都使用英语。
B
The English language has a lot of words which can be used in many different ways and in many different expressions.
One such example is the word matter. In fact, matter can mean just about anything. It could be one of the most useful words in the English language.
Let's get to the heart of the matter— a matter of principle (原则)．
If someone says that you owe (欠) him$50, but you don't, a friend might say，“Well, you could pay him the$50. It's not that much money. Then you won't have to hear him say it any more.” But if you do not owe him the money, do not pay him the money. It's a matter of principle.
There is another way to use the word matter. But be careful with your choice of words.
If you ask someone, “What's the matter？”， it shows you are worried about the other person. But saying, “What's the matter with you？” has a completely different meaning. And it usually sounds rude (粗鲁的). In fact, when you say, “What's the matter with you？”， you are suggesting that the person did something wrong or stupid.
Another expression that could sound rude is to say, “It doesn't matter to me.” Here, it depends on the context, and how you say it.
Let's say you tell someone that a friend just got a big raise at work. That person answers with, “It doesn't matter to me.” Here, it means he or she does not care. And it sounds rude.
But saying，“Oh, you pick where we eat dinner. It doesn't matter to me.” does not sound rude. In this situation, “it doesn't matter” shows you are easy-going (随和的)．
No matter how you look at it and what you say，matter is a very useful word. And it's only a matter of time before you will become an expert on the use of matter.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了matter一词的诸多用法。
5．We can infer from the text that the word matter _____________.
A．has a wide use
B．can mean money
C．is the most used English word
D．has the most different expressions
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一、二段的描述可知，matter一词用法很广。
6．What is the author's suggestion in Paragraph 4?
A．Every penny counts.
B．Stick to what is right.
C．Follow your friend's advice.
D．Be careful when making friends.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But if you do not owe him the money, do not pay him the money. It's a matter of principle.”可推测，作者认为钱的数目不重要，重要的是原则问题。因此他觉得在对的事情上要坚持自己的立场，不要轻易做出让步或改变。
7．The underlined word “context” in the text probably means “_____________”．
A．choice B．person
C．situation D．answer
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二、三段举例说明“It doesn't matter to me.”在不同的语境意思不同可知，该表达取决于上下文语境，故选situation。
8．The author develops the text mainly by _____________.
A．using examples
B．giving instructions
C．describing his experiences
D．discussing research findings
解析：选A 写作手法题。根据文中用不同的例子来讲解matter的用法可知，作者主要是通过举例来展开全文的。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1._____________(found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could 2._____________(well) build the new home.Thus，it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Like many other 3._____________(university) at that time，the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.The school board often had to go to Europe to raise 4._____________(donate)，but as you can predict，they often came back 5._____________ their hands empty.
In 1638，John Harvard，pastor of Charlestown，passed away.He left his library and half his estate to the institution，6._____________ were the biggest donation ever since its establishment.Therefore，the university was named after his name.Today，you can find a statue of John Harvard 7._____________(stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard，and it is perhaps the University's best 8._____________(know) landmark.
Like other world famous universities，Harvard too has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one of them.There is 9._____________ saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education 10._____________ Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠久，是当时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而建立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。
1．解析：主语a university和动词found之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。
答案：be founded
2．解析：十七世纪三十年代早期，一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质，这样他们就能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。
答案：better
3．解析：和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故该处用复数形式。
答案：universities
4．解析：学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款，但正如你所能预测的，他们经常空手而归。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。
答案：donation(s)
5．解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，作状语，故填介词with。
答案：with
6．解析：分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中“his library and half his estate”为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。
答案：which
7．解析：今天，你可以在哈佛广场的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的John Harvard的雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。a statue of John Harvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
答案：standing
8．解析：根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。
答案：known
9．解析：该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
答案：a
10．解析：在教育界有一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.”为并列关系，故用连词and。
答案：and
1．global adj.全球的
2．amazing adj.令人惊讶的
3．semi-official adj.半官方的
4．worldwide adj.全世界的
5．percentage n．百分比
6．expert n．专家
Whenever we turn on the news to find out what's happening in East Asia， or Africa， or anywhere， people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.
[分析] 这是一个复合句。whenever在句中引导时间状语从句；主句中and连接两个并列的谓语动词。
[翻译] 无论什么时间我们浏览新闻，看看东亚、非洲或其他地方发生的事情，人们都是用英语被采访，用英语在告诉我们发生的事情。
课件23张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升语 篇 理 解基 础 巩 固nativeapartment
vocabulary
spellingbasegradual
gradually
latter
identityfluent
fluently
frequent
frequentlybecause of
come up
at present
make use of
such as
be based onmore than
be different from
communicate with
a number ofWhy not go even if they don't speak the same kind of English more on German than the English 语 篇 理 解能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.七选五
As a senior year student，you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you can't figure out what to do first.
1
When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time，you can lose sight of what's important.One of the best ways to see the big picture—what you want out of life—is to lay out your goals.
Pressure points and how to deal with them
Confused or overwhelmed — 2 .Discuss your concerns with a friend，parent or teacher.They may help you find solutions to your problems and worries.
Don't be too hard on yourself—ease up，take a break and do something you enjoy，daydream，read a book，go out with friends—anything that helps you relax.
Problems，problems，problems—recognize your limits.It's too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once. 3 .
Goal-setting tips
It's important to remember that goals belong to you—not to your parents，your teachers，or your friends.After you've set your goals，identify the skills you have to achieve those goals. 4 ，do some research.Try the library，your guidance adviser and teachers，and other people who could help you.
5 .If your goal is something you no longer want，change it.Identify the barriers to getting your goals.Consider ways to overcome them.Don't get depressed by a big，long-term goal—see what steps you can take to achieve it and set those steps down as short-term，“doable” goals.
A．Too much to do
B．Balancing goals in life
C．Goals exist to serve you
D．Talk to someone you trust
E．If you're not sure what skills you'll need
F．As long as you know what skill is important and what isn't
G．Choose what's most urgent and set aside the rest until later
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。主要给毕业班的学生提出了面对诸多压力时应该先做什么的建议。
1．解析：选B 分析空处位置可知，空处应为段落小标题。下文讲的是在你有很多事情要做，并且在时间上有很多要求时，你可能不清楚什么是重要的，顾全大局的最好办法之一是设计你的目标。由此可知B项“在生活中要平衡目标”符合语境。
2．解析：选D 根据空后的句子“Discuss your concerns with a friend，parent or teacher.”可知，该空处表示“和你信任的人交谈”，所以选D项。
3．解析：选G 根据空前的“recognize your limits...your problems at once”可知，同时出现许多问题时，既然没有能力同时处理，那么应该先处理最需要处理的问题，然后再处理其他问题，所以选G项。
4．解析：选E 根据空后的“do some research...could help you”可知，如果你不确定你需要的技能是什么，你可以做研究，可以泡图书馆，可以试着求助于能够帮助你的人，所以选E项。E项中的skills一词照应空前的skills。
5．解析：选C 根据空后的“If your goal is something you no longer want，change it.”，如果你的目标是你不再需要的东西，你就改变它，因为目标存在的目的是为你服务的，空处与后面的句子构成因果关系，所以选C项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
On Saturday my Catalan friend invited me to come along to a Calcotada.Being from the UK I had no idea what it was，but he 1 it was a fun Catalan tradition，and so I 2 to go.I wasn't 3 ！
First off，we 4 a train heading for a small town near Tarragona，about an hour away from Barcelona's centre.I was already 5 by how different everything looked from the city as the 6 rushed through small towns.
When we arrived，we were 7 by the sight of a small wind instrument band and about a dozen people 8 in a circle.I was very surprised at what I saw.My friend told me that it was a traditional Catalan dance.It seemed so strange but yet so 9 that they were doing this dance completely for themselves.In fact，they were so 10 it they didn't even seem to 11 our group of about thirty tourists standing and 12 them.
Once we had been fully 13 by the dancers，we finally went inside for the Calcotada.We sat down at the 14 and a huge plate of charcoal-blackened leeks (炭烤韭葱) was 15 in front of us.It was 16 that you have to peel (剥) the leeks with your fingers，dip them in a delicious sauce and then hang them over your mouth in an attempt to try and 17 them.By the end of the meal we were all absolutely covered in black charcoal，on our hands，arms and even our faces！ 18 ，they had provided us with bibs (围裙)． 19 ，I would have come home with a completely black wardrobe (行头) that day!
My friend had been 20 in the end.It had been an extremely fun day and it felt great to get involved in a local tradition of a place I am temporarily calling home.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己跟随朋友一起去参加当地传统活动的经历。
1．A.warned B．guaranteed
C．assumed D．advised
解析：选B 虽然作者不知道Calcotada是什么，但是朋友“保证(guaranteed)”那是一个很有趣的传统活动。
2．A.pretended B．forgot
C．agreed D．continued
解析：选C 由下文的“we...a train out to...”可推断，作者在朋友的劝说下“同意(agreed)”去参加传统活动。
3．A.frightened B．satisfied
C．taken aback D．let down
解析：选D 由最后一段中的“It had been an extremely fun day and it felt great to...”可推断，作者对朋友邀请参加的活动不“失望(let down)”。
4．A.boarded B．missed
C．cancelled D．rented
解析：选A 作者和朋友“登上(boarded)”了一辆火车，这辆火车开往塔拉戈纳附近的一个小镇。
5．A.supported B．amazed
C．puzzled D．disturbed
解析：选B 由下文的“how different everything looked from the city”可知，作者还在途中就为自己看到的与城市截然不同的景观“感到惊讶(amazed)”。
6．A.plane B．bike
C．train D．bus
解析：选C 由上文的a train可知。
7．A.greeted B．offended
C．scared D．affected
解析：选A 当我们到达时，“映入眼帘(greeted)”的是一支小型的管乐队。
8．A.working B．talking
C．singing D．dancing
解析：选D 由下文的“it was a traditional Catalan dance”可知，作者看到有十来个人围成一圈“跳舞(dancing)”。
9．A.stupid B．lovely
C．boring D．friendly
解析：选B 由上文的“so strange but yet”及下文的“they were doing this dance completely for themselves”可推断，一圈人旁若无人地跳舞看起来虽奇怪却也很“可爱(lovely)”。
10．A.over B．into
C．under D．behind
解析：选B 见下题解析。
11．A.recognize B．follow
C．notice D．understand
解析：选C 由上文的“they were doing this dance completely for themselves”可推断，舞者们是如此“投入(into)”以至于他们甚至似乎没有“注意到(notice)”众多游客的到来。be into sth.“很感兴趣，非常喜欢，深深卷入”。
12．A.helping B．learning from
C．watching D．listening to
解析：选C 由上文的saw可知，包括作者在内的游客们吃惊地“看着(watching)”舞者们跳舞。
13．A.entertained B．taught
C．accepted D．trusted
解析：选A 被舞者们的表演“招待(entertained)”之后，作者和朋友最终开始享受Calcotada。
14．A.platform B．recorder
C．computer D．table
解析：选D 由空后的“a huge plate...”可推断，作者和朋友来到了吃饭的地方，故他们应该是在“桌子(table)”旁坐下。
15．A.placed B．thrown
C．planted D．cooked
解析：选A 作者和朋友坐下后，一大盘韭葱被“放(placed)”到了他们的面前。
16．A.admitted B．proved
C．explained D．predicted
解析：选C 由语境可知，服务人员向顾客“解释(explained)”韭葱的食用方法。
17．A.drop B．wash
C．cut D．eat
解析：选D 由下文的“By the end of the meal”可知，作者和朋友在经过剥、蘸等程序后最终要将韭葱“吃(eat)”掉。
18．A.Finally B．Luckily
C．Strangely D．Gradually
解析：选B 见下题解析。
19．A.Besides B．Instead
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
解析：选D 吃完韭葱后，作者和朋友身上都是黑色的木炭屑。“幸运的是(Luckily)”，服务员给了他们围裙。“否则的话(Otherwise)”，作者那天就只能灰头土脸地回家了。
20．A.nice B．wrong
C．mean D．right
解析：选D 由第一段中的“he... it was a fun Catalan tradition”及最后一段中的“It had been an extremely fun day”可知，作者的朋友是“对的(right)”，这个活动确实很有意思。
1．senior adj.高级的
2．pressure n．压力
3．figure out 弄明白
4．stressful adj.压力大的
5．guidance n．指导
6．barrier n．障碍
课件12张PPT。Section Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固Eastern accent lightning straight block is recognized recognition expressions to express Having (should) be cleaned in to go (should) go (should) be (should) be to be were requested like→as in→at 去掉a或no→not the→an why→because 能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let's have a look.
People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants. Sometimes, people may get caught with their pants down. They are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say she wears the pants in the family.
Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket. Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.
I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I instantly spend it.
Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people.
My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些与衣服有关的英语习语。
1．What is this passage mainly about?
A．What pants mean in English.
B．Some special English expressions.
C．Some funny English expressions.
D．Some expressions related to clothes.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，本文主要是介绍了一些关于衣服的英语习语。
2．Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous?
A．Get caught with one's pants down.
B．Have ants in one's pants.
C．Wear the pants in the family.
D．Burn a hole in one's pocket.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants.”可知B正确。
3．If we say someone has to tighten his belt, we probably mean he _____________.
A．has done something wrong
B．used to live a rich life
C．has put on the wrong pants
D．is short of money
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“If you have less money than usual ...”可知D正确。
4．Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat most probably _____________.
A．doesn't save money
B．earns much money
C．never wastes his money
D．spends more than he earns
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句句意：然而，当谈到我自己的钱时，……这就意味着我花钱快。故选A。
B
If you're thinking about getting into TEFL，don't hesitate to book a week or two with Alyx and Paul.
Before the program I was worrying about whether I'd have the confidence to manage a class on my own.Now I would say you don't have to worry at all.The academy provides the perfect environment for you to experience the day-to-day problems of an EFL teacher in a more relaxing environment，great for helping to build up confidence and for teaching newbies like me!
Despite being given lesson plans，Alyx and Paul are more than happy for you to alter these and adapt them to your own personal style if you wish.The lesson plans are in depth and all necessary materials are provided，making you feel in control and prepared for every lesson.But if things do go wrong，they're always on hand to help you out!
The academy itself is very modern，inviting and fresh，with a very professional feel.You will enjoy working！The students at the academy are very appreciative and respectful towards you and everyone is eager to learn both English and about you! This makes teaching them even more enjoyable as there is a chance to really build a close bond and engage with them.
Academy aside，the apartment provided by Alyx and Paul is of a very high standard.Located on a central street within Valencia with good transport links，you are never far away from something to do.The rooms are spacious and the bathroom and kitchen are also well equipped for all your needs.
Valencia itself is an amazing city with a good mixture of old and new buildings.The old town is perfect for a lazy Sunday morning walk.The people are really friendly and most can speak a little English.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者通过一个项目在Valencia的一所学校教英语，觉得这段教学经历很令人愉悦。
5．What was the program most probably started for?
A．Encouraging people to visit Valencia.
B．Helping improve people's confidence.
C．Helping spread English around the world.
D．Encouraging people to teach English at a school.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，作者主要在一所学校教学，又根据第四段中的“The students at the academy...is eager to learn”可知，这个项目旨在鼓励老师去学校教英语。
6．What do we know about the author before the program?
A．She lacked teaching experience.
B．She was very confident about herself.
C．She didn't really want to go to that school.
D．She looked forward to a relaxing environment.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was worrying about...a class on my own”以及“for teaching newbies like me”可知，作者在去那之前缺乏教学经验。
7．What do we learn after reading the text?
A．The author lived a fast-paced life in Valencia.
B．The author had a great experience in Valencia.
C．People in Valencia don't consider English important.
D．The students at that school are not easy to deal with.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要讲述了自己在Valencia的一所学校教英语，觉得这段教学经历很令人愉悦。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today is Tom's 70th birthday, but there is anybody with him. He feels very disappointing. His sons didn't care for him on this special day. Although the cakes are very delicious, but he doesn't want to touch it. He just wants his children come and see him. Nowadays, many young people are so busy and independent which they seldom visit their parents. But blood is thick than water. Our dear parents brought us up for a lot of difficulty. Thus, we should and must bring happy to them when they become old.
答案：
Today is Tom's 70th birthday, but there is with him. He feels very . His sons care for him on this special day. Although the cakes are very delicious， he doesn't want to touch . He just wants his children come and see him. Nowadays, many young people are so busy and independent they seldom visit their parents. But blood is than water. Our dear parents brought us up a lot of difficulty. Thus, we should and must bring to them when they become old.
1．pant n．短裤
2．tighten ．收紧
3．hesitate ．犹豫
4．academy n．学院
5．build up confidence 增强信心
Before the program I was worrying about whether I'd have the confidence to manage a class on my own.
[分析] 这是一个复合句。whether在句中引导宾语从句。
[翻译] 在这个项目开始之前，我一直在担心我是否有信心自己管理好一个班级。
课件10张PPT。Section Ⅲ Grammar基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升点 击 进 入课件27张PPT。Section Ⅳ 单元知识巩固重 点 单 词重 点 短 语重 点 句 型话 题 写 作重 点 单 词to of base ... on /upon ... be based on /upon basic for at to do sth. is requested at of of to do sth. 命令……做…… beyond without express 表达自己的意见 认出某人/听出某人的声音 被认为是…… 人们公认…… recognition beyond 重 点 短 语走近 被提出 (太阳、月亮等)升起 come up come up with 好好利用 充分利用 充分利用 很少利用 in of 重 点 句 型Why not base Even if/though he suffered from is more lucky than clever As we know/As is known to us There is no such thing as This is because the same book as 话 题 写 作
