(共61张PPT)
Unit 2 Sports events
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体部
分用法。
Excited and delighted, I feel 1. _________(honour) to have the chance to
share my experience as a Senior Three student. As a Senior Three student, I
think all things should make way 2. ___your studies, 3. _________, you will be
distracted now and then. To be able 4. __________(compete) with others in the
entrance examination, you should do the following: ?
honoured
for
otherwise
to compete
First of all, you should concentrate on your studies, because 5. _______
(absent) of mind is a waste of your limited time. What’s more, you should hang
on no matter 6. _____difficulty you meet. You can make it a rule 7. _________
(consult) your teachers at a certain time, which is of great 8. ___________
(significant). Last but not least, you are to suffer great pressure, so you should
attempt 9. ______(deal) with it by yourself, or turn to your teachers for help,
whose help will make you 10. ________(power). ?
Work hard, and you will succeed.
absence
what
to consult
significance
to deal
powerful
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. delighted adj. 愉快的, 高兴的
【写作金句】 I am delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems. 知道你对唐诗感兴趣, 我很高兴。
【语块必记】
(1)be delighted at/with/by. . . 对……感到高兴
be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be delighted+ that从句 很高兴……
(2)delight n. [U]高兴, 快乐; [C]使人高兴的事, 乐事
vt. &vi. (使)高兴
have/find/take delight in (doing). . .
以(做)……为乐
to one’s delight/to the delight of sb.
令某人高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地, 乐意地
(3)delightful adj. 令人愉快的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The professor was delighted ______(find) that two thirds of the projects had
already been finished by the students independently. ?
②People still take delight __talking about the legendary stories.
③The expression on her face suggested that she was delighted _________the
result.
④Much __our delight, he returned home in the end safely.
to find
in
with/at/by
to
完成句子
⑤_____________, all our friends _________________________________
____________ in our work. ?
令我们高兴的是, 我们所有的朋友都对我们工作中的令人高兴的成就感到高兴。
To our delight
are delighted with/at/by the delightful
achievements
2. compete vi. 比赛; 竞争
【文化金句】 We can’t compete against other countries in trade if we don’t develop our national economy. 如果我们不发展国家经济, 就不能在商业领域与别的国家抗衡。
【语块必记】
(1)compete in 参加……比赛; 在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against . . . for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 竞争者; 对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He was clever enough to compete ___the mathematics scholarship.
②I suggest you should participate in this ___________(compete), which is really
a good opportunity for you to learn the Chinese language.
③A Refugee Olympic Team of at least 52 players will compete __ the events at
the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.
for
competition
in
根据汉语提示完成语段
④As the youngest __________, I had to compete in the writing contest
___________20 other top students ___the annual writing award. I must be very
__________to be the winner. 世纪金榜导学号
作为年龄最小的比赛者, 我必须和另外20名顶尖的学生在写作比赛中竞争以获得
年度写作奖。要成为获胜者, 我必须有很强的竞争力。
competitor
against/with
for
competitive
3. honour n. 尊敬; 荣幸; 节操; 荣誉
vt. 尊敬, 尊重(某人); 给以荣誉
【写作金句】 It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
我很荣幸能在这儿与你们分享我对高中学习的看法。
【语块必记】
(1)in honour of. . . 为了纪念……
in one’s honour 为了纪念某人
be one’s honour to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事
have the honour of doing/to do sth. 有幸做某事
it is sb. ’s/an honour to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸/一件荣幸的事
(2)honoured adj. 受尊敬的, 感到荣幸的
be/feel honoured to do sth. 很荣幸做某事
be honoured with . . . 被授予……
be honoured as . . . 被授予……的称号
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I feel _________(honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve
English reading ability.
②I have the honour _______(make) a speech to welcome the respected guests. ?
③We celebrate Teachers’ Day every year __honour of teachers.
④She is honoured __a model teacher.
honoured
to make
in
as
一句多译
⑤我很荣幸能代表我们公司参加这次会议。
I _________________________________the conference on behalf of our
company. (honour)?
=It ____________________the conference on behalf of our company. (honour)?
=I ____________________the conference on behalf of our company. (honoured)?
have the honour of attending/to attend
is my honour to attend
feel honoured to attend
4. absence n. 缺席, 不在场; 不存在; 缺乏, 缺少
【写作金句】 The total absence of mind caused him to fail the exam. 心不在焉使他考试失败。
【语块必记】
(1)absence from work/school 缺勤/缺课
in one’s absence = in the absence of sb.
在某人不在时
(2)absent adj. 缺席的, 不在
的, 缺乏的
be absent from 缺乏……; 缺席……
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by my _______(absent).
②I will be absent _____your party owing to the fact that the College Entrance
Exam is just around the corner.
③I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company
_________my absence.
同义句转换
④He was blamed because he was absent from the meeting.
→He was blamed for __________from the meeting. ?
absence
from
in/during
his absence
5. attempt n. &vt. 尝试, 努力, 试图; 企图
【文化金句】 The enemy attempted to make Jiang Jie a start to get the clues of the underground CPC of Chongqing, but they failed. 敌人妄想在江姐身上打开缺口, 获得重庆地下党的线索, 但失败了。
【语块必记】
(1)attempt to do sth. /try to do sth. /seek to do sth.
努力做某事; 试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.
试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的
【误区释疑】 attempt to do sth. 与try to do sth. 一样, 强调的是努力做某事的过程; 而manage to do sth. 则表示 “设法做成某事”, 强调结果。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The cartoon The “open sesame ”of China’s success attempts _______(make)
China’s achievements in the past 70 years visually fun. ??
②Jim had prepared carefully for his physics test so that he could be sure of
passing it __the first attempt.
③The man was being questioned about the _________(attempt) murder last
night.
at
attempted
to make
一句多译
④当我们尝试跨文化交流时, 肢体语言尤为重要。
Body language is particularly important when we _____________________across
cultures. (attempt v. )?
=Body language is particularly important when we _________________
____________________________across cultures. (attempt n. )?
attempt to communicate
make an attempt to
communicate/at communicating
6. otherwise adv. & conj. 否则, 不然 adv. 在其他方面; 不同地
【文化金句】 We must respect and trust the laws of nature, otherwise it will only harm us. 我们必须尊重和信任自然的规律, 否则只会伤害到我们自己。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Some representatives were absent, otherwise the new law _______________
______ (pass) at the meeting. ?
②But be sure to choose a suitable class or teacher, _________, it would be a
waste of time and money.
otherwise
would have been
passed
写出黑体部分的含义
③Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear. Otherwise, you may
have problems. ( )
④She is not very clever, but otherwise she’s a nice girl. ( )
⑤He intended to be a teacher in a university but fate decided otherwise. ( )
否则, 不然
在其他方面
不同地
7. remove vt. 去除, 移开; 开除; 免除, 解除(职务); 脱去(衣物); 拿走; 搬迁
【写作金句】
Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder.
意识到一天的工作后妈妈一定很累, 女孩帮助她从肩上取下包。
【语块必记】
(1)remove. . . from. . . 把……从……移开
remove from. . . to. . . 从……搬到……
remove sb. from school 开除某人; 勒令某人退学
(2)removal n. 移除; 解除; 搬迁
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice. ( )
②He removed his jacket when he arrived home. ( )
③He was severely criticized and removed from his post. ( )
④The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the
treaty. ( )
⑤Three children were removed from school for bad behavior. ( )
拿走
脱掉
免职
去除
开除
单句语法填空
⑥Students removed several desks from their classroom __another one.
⑦The school rule requires that any student who is absent for 30 days ________
__________(remove) from school.
to
(should)
be removed
Part 2 重点短语句式
8. hang on (在逆境中)坚持; 紧紧握住, 保留(to sth. ); (打电话)不挂断
【写作金句】 Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and hang on no matter how difficult the situation may be.
无论形势多么困难, 都要不遗余力地获取知识并坚持下去。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 完成句子
①It’s hard work, but if you _______, you are sure to succeed in the end. ?
工作是艰苦的, 但只要坚持下去, 最终你会成功的。
②__________your present job until you can get another. ?
在没有找到新工作之前不要放弃目前的工作。
③The principal warned the students not to _________________the corner
grocery store after school. ?
校长警告学生放学后不要在街角的杂货铺里闲逛。
hang on
Hang on to
hang around/about
9. He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace. 他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。?
【写作金句】 The rapid development of science and technology makes it possible for us to do what we couldn’t do in the past.
科技的迅速发展使得我们可以做过去不能做的事情。
【句型公式】
用
法
规
则 (1)“动词+it+adj. /n. +to do sth. ”句式中, it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是动词不定式。
(2)“动词+it+adj. /n. +that”句式中, it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是that从句。
(3)“动词+it+no good/no use . . . +doing sth. ”句式中, it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是动名词。
注
意
事
项 (1)常跟it作形式宾语的动词有: believe, think, feel, find, notice, make等;
(2)在习惯用法中, hate, like, love, appreciate, enjoy, take, have后常先接it再接由if或when等引导的从句。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①A good amount of sleep can make you full of energy and make it possible for
you __________(perform) well in exams. ?
②I think it no use ___________(complain) about the poor conditions now.
③I hate __ when someone cuts in during my conversation with others.
句型转换
④ It is easy for me to make friends with people at home and abroad through the
Internet. (用it作形式宾语改写句子)
→ ___________________________________________with people at home and
abroad. ?
to perform
complaining
The Internet makes it easy for me to make friends
it
10. The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament. ?
鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归, 既恼火又愤愤不平。
【写作金句】 After a whole day’s hiking, we arrived home, tired and hungry. 经过一整天的徒步旅行, 我们又累又饿地回到家。
【句型公式】
(1)句中的angry and bitter为形容词短语, 在句中作状语。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语:
结构 可以是单个形容词, 也可以是形容词短语, 一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开
位置 通常位于句子主语前或句子主语后, 有时位于句末
作用 一般用于说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态, 可表示原因、结果、伴随等情况
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①At 9: 00, I arrived at the exhibition with my precious stamp album, eager
and ______(excite).
② ________(hope) and angry, he threw himself into the Milo River to prove his
love to his motherland.
句型转换
③Because he felt thirsty and eager to get a little rest, he went into the tea-house
and seated himself at a table. (用形容词短语作状语改写)
→________________to get a little rest, he went into the tea-house and seated
himself at a table. 世纪金榜导学号?
excited
Hopeless
Thirsty and eager
【备选要点】
1. significance n. 重要性, 意义
【文化金句】 Chinese people attach great significance to the seating order at formal dinners.
中国人非常重视在正式宴席上的座次顺序。
【语块必记】
(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to . . .
对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to 认为……(很)重要
(2)significant adj. 重要的; 明显的
It is significant that. . . 很明显……
(3)significantly adv. 意味深长地;
重要地; 较大地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As a teenager, it is __great significance to take a positive attitude towards life.
②The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most _________(significance) traditional
Chinese festivals in China.
③同等重要的是, 私家车的数量应该被控制。(一句多译)
What is ________________is that the number of private cars should be put under
control. ?
=What is __________________is that the number of private cars should be put
under control. ?
of
significant
equally significant
of equal significance
2. tradition n. 传统; 风俗
【写作金句】 Without tradition, art is a flock of sheep without a shepherd. Without innovation, it is a corpse. 没有传统, 艺术就是一群离开牧人的羊。没有创新, 艺术便形同僵尸。
【语块必记】
(1)by tradition 按照传统
(2)traditional adj. 传统的
traditionally adv. 传统地, 按照传统
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As we all know, respecting parents is one of China’s __________(tradition)
moral values.
② ___tradition, we will chant and appreciate the charming Chinese poems in
various ways.
traditional
By
3. excite vt. 使激动, 使兴奋
【写作金句】 The students visited the farm and had an exciting day.
学生们参观了农场, 度过了兴奋的一天。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 用excite的适当形式填空
I was ①______to know that Beijing would be the city to host the 2022 Winter
Olympics. When I told my brother about the ②_______news, he jumped with
③__________.
excited
exciting
excitement
4. power n. 力量; 能量; 影响力; 权力; 统治 vt. 驱动, 提供动力
【写作金句】 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
【语块必记】
(1)be in power 掌权, 执政(表示状态)
come to/into power 上台, 执政(表示动作)
in/within one’s power 在某人的能力/权力范围之内
out of/beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力
(2)powerful adj. 强大的; 有影响/感染力的; 有势力的
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred. ( )
②It is said that he has the power of holding his audience. ( )
③So enormous was the hurricane’s power that it carried away the whole
building. ( )
④The police and the army have been given special powers to deal with such a
situation. ( )
⑤All these modern educational aids are powered by electricity. ( )
电, 电力
能力
力量
权力
提供动力
单句语法填空
⑥You’re a ________(power) man—people will listen to you.
⑦Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s _______my power to do so.
完成句子
⑧As soon as the president _______________, he did ___________________to set
up a better society for everyone. ?
总统一上台就在他的能力范围内为所有人建立一个更好的社会。
powerful
beyond
came into power
what was in his power
5. make way for 给……让路, 让位于……
【写作金句】 The old man has laid down his office to make way for a younger man.
这位老人为给年轻人让路, 辞去了他的职务。
【语块必记】
make one’s way to 前往, 到……去
lose one’s way 迷路
feel one’s way 摸索着走; 谨慎行事
pave the way for 为……铺平道路
give way to 让路; 让步; 屈服
find one’s way 找到解决办法; 到达, 进入
【语境速测】 ①用way的短语完成语段
In Senior Three, every other thing should ____________(让路) study. You should
not __________(屈服) difficulties and be determined to cope with them. Finally,
you will ____________(找到办法), and your efforts help ____________(铺平道路)
for your success. ?
②Undoubtedly, advanced science and technology _______________________
___________. ?
毫无疑问, 高科技已经进入了我们的日常生活。
make way for
give way to
find your way
pave the way
has found its way into our
everyday life
③Parents arrange everything for their children and _______________________
__________________. 父母为孩子安排好一切, 不遗余力为他们的成功铺平道路。?
way for their success
spare no effort to pave the
6. Today, both male and female athletes from around the world can take part, no matter what nation they come from. 如今, 不论男性还是女性, 世界各地的运动员都能参加, 无论他们来自哪个国家。?
【写作金句】 No matter what you want to do with your life, be passionate. 无论你的人生想做什么, 带着热情去做。
【句型公式】
(2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever 既可引导让步状语从句, 又可引导名词性从句。
(3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①__________________________________, we should always try our best to
find solutions with strong determination. ?
无论我们遇到什么问题, 我们应该尽最大努力坚定地找到解决办法。
②______________________________________, we will try to come home for
the celebration. ?
无论我们离家多远, 多么忙, 我们会尽力回家庆祝这一节日。
③_____________________should be punished. ?
无论谁触犯了法律都应该受到惩罚。
No matter what problems we may meet
No matter how far away or how busy we are
Whoever breaks the law
核心素养测评十一 Unit 2 Sports events
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Breakdancing is set to make its first debut(亮相)as an Olympic sport at Paris 2024, Tony Estanguet, head of the Paris organizing committee, said on February 21st. Skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing, which have already been added to the programme for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, have been invited to return in Paris four years later.
Tony Estanguet said the choices responded to a need to make the Olympics “more urban” and “more artistic”. We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision. They reflect perfectly Paris 2024’s identity.
Breakdancing is an example of a sport “Which can be played anywhere and anytime in urban and other environment. ” It appeared at the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires in the form of head-to-head “battles”. In competitive breakdancing, “breakers” face off in “battles” against each other, either as individuals or teams. Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics (杂技).
The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 would be restricted to 10, 500, which limited the opportunity to add sports. But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would be in breakdancing. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France.
The inclusion still need to be rubber stamped by the IOC, which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next year’s Tokyo Games. ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。巴黎组委会主席托尼·埃斯特古2月21日表示, 霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。文章介绍了将霹雳舞等运动纳入奥运会的原因、意义等相关信息。
1. What do we know about breakdancing?
A. It involves multiple skills.
B. It’s limited to group competition.
C. It will show up in Paris 2024.
D. It never appeared in the world events.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics. 可知, 霹雳舞者既使用体操又使用艺术技能, 将来自体操或杂技的因素结合在了一起。由此可知, 霹雳舞需要多重技能, 故A项正确。
2. Why have Paris organizers chosen the four sports?
A. Because they attract young people.
B. Because they perfectly reflect Paris’ identity.
C. Because they make Paris more urban and artistic.
D. Because they can be played anytime and anywhere.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision. 可知, 因为这四项运动具有创造性, 吸引年轻人, 完全符合委员会的愿景, 故选A项。
3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. 10, 500 competitors will compete for the new sports.
B. More surf centers will be specially designed for Paris 2024.
C. The IOC will reject the proposal because of inadequate facilities.
D. The inclusion won’t require additional competition space to be built.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would be in breakdancing. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France. 可知, 这项计划不需要建造永久性设施, 只涉及248名参赛者, 其中包括32名霹雳舞参赛者。冲浪比赛很可能在法国西南部的比亚里茨或拉卡诺等既定的冲浪中心举行。由此推知, 这项计划不会再需要重建额外的场地, 故选D项。
4. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined words “rubber stamped” in the last paragraph?
A. approved B. canceled
C. submitted D. designed
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next year’s Tokyo Games可知, 国际奥委会将在明年东京奥运会后决定在巴黎(奥运会)增加哪些体育项目。由此推知, 前面应该指“增加这些比赛项目仍然需要国际奥委会的同意”。故划线词应表示“同意, 认可”这样的意思, 故选A项。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 would be restricted to 10, 500, which limited the opportunity to add sports.
分析: 本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句; which引导非限制性定语从句。
翻译: 国际奥委会已经宣布2024年巴黎奥运会的参赛人数将被限制在10, 500人以内, 这限制了增加体育项目的机会。
B
“Two thousand meals packed, ” announced Stephanie De La Hoz. All 75 middle school volunteers cheered as they continued to package dried rice, soy, and spices. That was the scene at a food packaging event earlier this month at my school in Celebration, Florida. Rise Against Hunger, a global nonprofit, was founded in 1998. The organization provides millions of dried meals each year to people in need around the world.
More than 800 million people worldwide do not get the basic nutrition they need to be able to work or attend school. There are many causes to this food insecurity, including wars, natural disasters, and droughts. Rise Against Hunger seeks to help people rebuild their lives.
“Every school is open to contact Rise Against Hunger to set up an event, ” explained Angela Wydra, PTA president of Celebration K-8 School. “Once you contact them, Rise helps organize every part of the process. ” Wydra initiated the volunteer event at Celebration. When members of Rise arrive at a school, they set up lines of student volunteers and explain exactly what to do. Each student is given just one task, such as pouring cups of rice or sealing bags. If you get tired of a particular job, you can switch to another station.
“You definitely have to work as a team, ” said Erin, a student volunteer. “It was fun. Before I knew it, we had reached another 1, 000-meal mark. ” “Just getting out and laughing and working with my friends and family were really fun, ” said Bobby Spina, a middle school volunteer at Celebration. “I feel that I did a very important and nice thing today. ”
Worldwide hunger has dropped from 24% of the population in 1990 to around 10% today. Much of the success is linked to the efforts of nonprofit organizations and their volunteers, including Rise Against Hunger.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章叙述了一个全球性非营利组织“战胜饥饿”走进校园, 组织学生志愿者为世界摆脱饥饿尽一份力量的故事。
5. In Paragraph 1, the author describes a food packaging event to . ?
A. introduce the middle school volunteers in Florida
B. show what the school volunteers are doing
C. report much food is provided for people in need
D. introduce a global nonprofit Rise Against Hunger
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“That was the scene at a food packaging event earlier this month at my school in Celebration, Florida. Rise Against Hunger, a global nonprofit, was founded in 1998. ”可知, 描述学生包装食品的场面是为了引出文章的主题, 介绍全球性的非营利组织“战胜饥饿”。故选D。
6. What is the purpose of the organization Rise Against Hunger?
A. To get students to attend school.
B. To help people build their homes.
C. To help people in need with food.
D. To allow people to go to work.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“The organization provides millions of dried meals each year to people in need around the world. ”以及第二段的描述, 可知“战胜饥饿”这个机构给全球困境中的人们分发食物, 帮助他们摆脱饥饿。故选C。
7. What does Rise Against Hunger do in every school?
A. Help set up volunteer events.
B. Train students to learn some job skills.
C. Instruct how to contact them.
D. Give students some lessons.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“Every school is open to contact Rise Against Hunger to set up an event, . . . ”可知, “战胜饥饿”这个组织进入学校帮助建立志愿者活动。故选A。
8. How do the students feel about their volunteer work?
A. Tiring but rewarding.
B. Fun and meaningful.
C. Long and tiring.
D. Short but efficient.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的描述“It was fun. I feel that I did a very important and nice thing today. ”可知, 志愿者们觉得从事这个志愿活动感到很开心并且有意义。故选B。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. 1 ?
Playing basketball has physical benefits. Children are full of energy—they need to move, jump and run constantly. Basketball will allow them to control that energy in a positive way. It’s a full-body sport. 2 Since it’s a fast and dynamic sport, children need to follow the game and the continuous movement of the ball. The ball moves quickly from one side of the court to the other and the kids move at the same pace which helps improve both resistance and speed. ?
Playing basketball has cognitive (认知的) benefits. Children who practice playing basketball develop skills that help them fight against opponents and move around the court. This sport helps them increase their ability to concentrate. 3 Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. The fast pace of the game encourages quick decision-making and stimulates their concrete and abstract thinking. ?
4 Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers. It’s ideal for shy children because they will have to learn to interact with other players. This is important both to get better at the sport and to have more fun. They will also learn important values like cooperation, teamwork and competitiveness. ?
5 In fact, there are many other benefits. The most important thing is that it’s a very fast and fun sport. This tends to make the vast majority of children enjoy it. ?
A. Playing basketball just has entertaining benefits.
B. Playing basketball has social and emotional advantages.
C. These are not all of the advantages of playing basketball.
D. This means that it strengthens muscles in their whole body.
E. It also makes them more aware of the environment around them.
F. This sport promotes healthy development in children for a number of reasons.
G. However, there are some disadvantages when children keep running on the court.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了篮球是一项极好的运动, 不仅有趣, 而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处。
1. 【解析】选F。根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. (篮球是一项极好的运动, 不仅有趣, 而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处)可知, F项“由于许多原因, 这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。
2. 【解析】选D。根据上文It’s a full-body sport. (这是一项全身运动)可知, D项“这意味着它能增强全身的肌肉”符合此处语境。原文full-body与D项中的whole body相对应。
3. 【解析】选E。根据下文Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. (孩子们将学会评估周围可能出现的情况和问题, 然后找到最好和最快的解决方案)可知, E项“这也让他们更加了解周围的环境”符合此处语境。原文assess surrounding situations and problems与E项中的aware of the environment around them相对应。
4. 【解析】选B。根据下文Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers. (由于篮球是一项团队运动, 它促进了同伴之间的社交、共存和尊重)可知, B项“打篮球有社交和情感上的优势”符合此处语境。原文promotes sociability, coexistence and respect与B项中的social and emotional advantages相对应。
5. 【解析】选C。根据下文In fact, there are many other benefits. (事实上, 还有许多其他好处)可知, C项“这些并不是打篮球的全部好处”符合此处语境。原文other benefits与C项中的not all of the advantages相对应。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. physical adj. 身体上的
2. constantly adv. 持续不断地
3. dynamic adj. 充满活力的, 动态的
4. court n. 球场, 法院
5. opponent n. 对手
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last fall, Florida State football player, Travis Rudolph, made headlines. When he visited a middle school, he didn’t hesitate 1. (eat) lunch with Bo Paske, who often eats alone in his school cafeteria. Bo Paske is a young boy with autism—a mental condition in 2. a person is unable to communicate or form relationships 3. others. ?
Soon Rudolph’s action 4. (pay) off, and he was just signed to the National Football League by the New York Giants though he had not been selected by any team before. Now Rudolph and Paske still keep in touch and 5. (develop) a heartwarming friendship so far. Paske and his mother were even invited to a large party 6. (hold) by Rudolph in West Palm Beach to celebrate the Giants’ signing announcement. ?
“We’re all 7. (extreme) happy for him, ” Bo’s mother, Leah Paske, told NBC’s Today. “We spent the whole Saturday hanging out with everyone to wait for the 8. (encourage) moment. And when we finally got 9.
news that evening that he had been signed, we were there for the 10.
(celebrate) as well. When he made sure that he was going to the Giants, he was completely excited. ”?
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道, 讲述了Florida State足球运动员Travis Rudolph上了新闻头条的故事。
1. 【解析】to eat。考查不定式。句意: 当他参观一所中学时, 他毫不犹豫地和博·帕斯克一起吃午饭。hesitate to do sth. 意为“犹豫做某事”, 故本空应用不定式作宾语。
2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句意: 博·帕斯克(Bo Paske)是一个患有自闭症的小男孩, 自闭症是一种无法与他人沟通或形成关系的心理状态。本空引导定语从句, 修饰名词condition, 本空在从句中作介词in的宾语指物, 故本空应用关系代词which。
3. 【解析】with。考查介词。句意: 博·帕斯克(Bo Paske)是一个患有自闭症的小男孩, 自闭症是一种无法与他人沟通或形成关系的心理状态。表示“与某人”, 应用介词with。
4. 【解析】paid。考查时态。句意: 不久Rudolph的行动得到了回报。根据句意及空后句时态可知, 本空应用一般过去时态。
5. 【解析】have developed。考查时态。句意: 现在Rudolph和帕斯克仍然保持着联系, 到目前为止, 他们已经建立起一种温暖人心的友谊。根据so far可知本空应用现在完成时态, 且句子主语Rudolph and Paske是复数, 故本空应用have developed。
6. 【解析】held。考查过去分词。句意: 帕斯克和他的母亲甚至被邀请参加Rudolph在西棕榈滩举办的大型派对, 庆祝巨人队的签约声明。本空修饰名词party, 且party和动词hold之间是被动关系, 故本空应用过去分词held作后置定语。
7. 【解析】extremely。考查副词。本空修饰形容词happy, 故应用副词extremely修饰。
8. 【解析】encouraging。考查形容词。句意: 我们整个周六都和大家一起出去玩, 等待这个鼓舞人心的时刻。本空修饰名词moment, 故应用形容词encouraging“令人受鼓舞的”修饰。
9. 【解析】the。考查定冠词。句意: 当我们最终在那天晚上得到他签约的消息时, 我们也在场庆祝。根据句意可知, 本空表示特指, 故应用定冠词the。
10. 【解析】celebration。考查名词。根据空前冠词the可知, 本空应用名词celebration作介词for的宾语。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
And when we finally got the news that evening that he had been signed, we were there for the celebration as well.
分析: 本句为主从复合句。其中when引导时间状语从句; that引导同位语从句, 作名词news的同位语。
翻译: 当我们最终在那天晚上得到他签约的消息时, 我们也在场庆祝。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2020年山东新高考模拟)
Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions—serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.
“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk, ”said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr. , M. D. , in a statement.
The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor’s written approval. The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions.
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic(创伤)brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.
The CDC says that between 1. 6 million and 3. 8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA’s new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国医学会出台了针对运动损伤问题的指导方针, 来保护运动员避免脑震荡。
1. Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?
A. To raise safety standards of sports.
B. To protect athletes from concussions.
C. To set rules for health care evaluation.
D. To help players return to the game quickly.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Now, the American Medical Association(AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions. . . ”可知, 美国医学会出台了新的指导方针, 旨在保护运动员避免脑震荡的危险。故选B。
2. What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?
A. Avoid using the head.
B. Leave the field forever.
C. Get treatment in time.
D. Switch to another sport.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知, 患脑震荡的运动员应尽快离开赛场, 并进行治疗, 医生同意后再返回赛场。故选C。
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. What a concussion is.
B. What causes damage to brain cells.
C. How the CDC works.
D. How a concussion can be prevented.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第四段的内容可知, 该段介绍了什么是脑震荡及其危害。故选A。
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Rules for Safer Play
B. Sports Injuries in the US
C. Advice to Athletes
D. New Policies for Doctors
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章主题句: 第一段的第三句“Now, the American Medical Association(AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions. . . ”和文章其他内容可知, 本文主要介绍了保护运动员避免脑震荡的指导方针。故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空世纪金榜导学号
After my husband’s Chinese kung fu school was open for about a week, my daughters and I decided to see how it was going. We were deeply 1 to see there wasn’t a single student in the school. My husband was standing alone in the school waiting for customers. ?
We had to 2 ! We decided to be his 3 until he got some “real” ones. We thought it was better to have five people in the school 4 just him if a passerby looked in the window. He started teaching us moves and forms. We found that some of them actually were 5 to ballet moves but much more difficult. It was kind of fun but 6 , too! We were attracted then, so we 7 as learners. ?
8 , we got actual students in our school. There were many men and teenage boys, and we 9 lots of other girls and women as well. One special student was a 10 seven-year-old girl. She was going blind and had other health problems. With my daughters’ help and 11 , this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid. Although she is now a sightless, grown adult, I’m confident she can 12 herself if she needs to. ?
I am proud to say my daughters are more confident in every area of their lives. This experience taught me to 13 things I never would have considered before kung fu. I haven’t been 14 in all of my efforts, but I’ll give almost 15 of niceness a try! ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者通过帮助丈夫开武馆并学习中国功夫这一经历, 对人生有了新的感悟, 开始尝试任何美好的事物。
1. A. bored B. upset C. nervous D. moved
【解析】选B。根据空前After my husband’s Chinese kung fu school was open for about a week, my daughters and I decided to see how it was going. 及空后there wasn’t a single student in the school. 可知, 我丈夫的中国功夫学校开学大约一周后, 我和女儿们决定去看看情况如何。看到学校一个学生也没有, 因此我们深感不安(upset)。bored无聊的; nervous紧张的; moved感动的。
2. A. act B. joke C. appear D. learn
【解析】选A。根据上文学校没有学生, 因此我意识到我们必须行动(act)起来! joke说笑话; appear出现; learn学会。
3. A. families B. workmates
C. consultants D. students
【解析】选D。根据后文he got some “real” ones和so we as learners可知, 我们决定做他的学生, 直到他有了一些“真正的”学生。families家人; workmates同事; consultants顾问。?
4. A. more than B. in place of
C. rather than D. in case of
【解析】选C。我们认为, 如果一个过路人朝窗户里看, 学校里有五个人而不是(rather than)只有他一个人要好。more than多于; in place of代替; in case of万一。
5. A. useful B. accessible
C. similar D. comparable
【解析】选C。我们发现其中一些动作实际上和芭蕾舞动作相似(similar), 但难度要大得多。useful有用的; accessible易接近的; comparable可比较的。
6. A. challenging B. astonishing
C. relaxing D. inspiring
【解析】选A。根据前文but much more difficult可知, 这是一种乐趣, 但也具有挑战性(challenging)。astonishing令人吃惊的; relaxing使人放松的; inspiring鼓舞人心的。
7. A. got together B. signed up
C. broke away D. stayed on
【解析】选D。根据空前We were attracted then可知, 我们被吸引了, 所以继续(stayed on)学习。got together聚集; signed up签字; broke away放弃。
8. A. Eventually B. Unfortunately
C. Obviously D. Regularly
【解析】选A。最终(Eventually), 学校有了真正的学生。Unfortunately不幸地; Obviously明显地; Regularly规律地。
9. A. discovered B. joined
C. united D. attracted
【解析】选D。有很多成年人和十几岁的孩子, 我们也吸引了(attracted)很多其他的女孩和女人。discovered发现; joined加入; united统一。
10. A. traditional B. homeless
C. disabled D. typical
【解析】选C。根据后文had other health problems及Although she is now a sightless, grown adult可知, 这是一个残疾的(disabled)七岁女孩。traditional传统的; homeless无家可归的; typical典型的。
11. A. threat B. encouragement
C. adjustment D. approval
【解析】选B。在我女儿的帮助和鼓励(encouragement)下, 这个小女孩成了一个真正的功夫孩子。threat威胁; adjustment调整; approval批准。
12. A. protect B. recognize
C. feed D. educate
【解析】选A。根据前文this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid可知, 虽然她现在是一个失明的成年人, 但我相信如果她需要, 她可以保护(protect)自己。recognize认出; feed喂养; educate教育。
13. A. apply to B. give up
C. try out D. hold back
【解析】选C。这段经历让我学会了尝试(try out)一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。apply to应用; give up放弃; hold back隐瞒。
14. A. helpful B. successful
C. cheerful D. enthusiastic
【解析】选B。我所有的努力并没有都成功(successful)。本句为部分否定。helpful有帮助的; cheerful愉快的; enthusiastic热情的。
15. A. some B. either C. none D. any
【解析】选D。但我会尝试几乎任何(any)美好的事物。some一些; either要么; none没有。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
We thought it was better to have five people in the school rather than just him if a passerby looked in the window.
分析: 本句为主从复合句。其中it was. . . him为宾语从句, 从句中it作形式主语, 不定式短语作真正的主语。if 引导条件从句。
翻译: 我们认为如果有一个路人从窗户往里看, 学校里最好有五个人, 而不是只有他一个人。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
(2020·济南模拟)
假如你是高中学生李华, 请给Tom写一封邮件, 介绍一下你校运动俱乐部(Sports Club)的活动情况。
1. 活动时间和地点;
2. 活动内容;
3. 你的感受。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to tell you ?
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Best wishes to you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to tell you about the sports club in our school, which is very popular among us students.
In order to improve our health and enrich our school life, our school set up the sports club last month which contained a variety of ball sports such as basketball, football, volleyball and table tennis. As soon as the sports club was established, it was warmly welcomed by all the students, who showed great enthusiasm for sports. Every afternoon after school, we will gather on the playground where we engage in the activities we are interested in. Now I am a member of the football club and I realize the fact that sports make one happy.
Best wishes to you!
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅳ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Sally had anxiety disorder trouble that made her fail to speak in social situations. I’m a nurse and use Bella to help children in my community, to bring them comfort and confidence the way only a dog can. I thought back to the day when I’d first brought Bella to the school.
That morning in January, her teacher led us to a room. “Sally hasn’t spoken outside her home in two years, ”she told me. “Her parents have taken her to doctors, but nothing has worked. ” A little girl stood shyly just inside the doorway. Her eyes brightened when she noticed my dog.
“This is Bella. ” I said. “She does tricks. Would you like to see? ”
Sally nodded. I motioned with my hand. Bella lay down and then rolled over. Sally’s eyes lit up. I showed Sally the hand signals for various commands. She was a natural with Bella, maybe because she couldn’t rely on the spoken word herself. Bella sensed that and responded. Soon Sally was able to put Bella through her paces all on her own. I could see her standing taller, more sure of herself each time we met.
One morning in March when she was working with Bella, I heard a tiny voice, barely a whisper, “Good dog. ” Sally didn’t take her eyes off Bella, but I wanted to jump for joy. Sally spoke a little more each week, only to Bella at first, but then to me. Later, she started giving voice commands with her hand signals and her confidence rose.
Now, five-year-old Sally stood nervously in front of her kindergarten class, with Bella, my trained dog, sitting calmly by her side. All the eyes of her classmates were focused on Sally. They were waiting for her to speak. It was June—only one week of school left—but they had never heard her voice. Not once.
注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
But not a word came out. ?
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The next week , she told me she wanted to try again , looking up at me with determination. _______________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
But not a word came out. Sally had been so excited about putting on a dog show for her class. She had been quite familiar with the hand signals and had practiced for weeks. Now her eyes found mine. I nodded encouragingly. She took a deep breath and opened her mouth. Her mouth—then her whole body—seemed to close in on itself in defeat. Sally stood off to the side, head down. I felt awful. Sally returned to her seat, not looking at anyone, not even Bella.
The next week, she told me she wanted to try again, looking up at me with determination. “Are you sure? ” I asked. “You don’t want to wait till next year? ” “No, ” she said. “Today, I can do it. ” Then we headed to Sally’s classroom. The kids were sitting in a circle on the floor listening to the teacher. We walked to the front of the room. I shook Sally’s hands and stepped back. For a few seconds, she stood silently, staring at her classmates. Finally she whispered, “This is Bella. ” Then, a little louder with more confidence, “Bella. ”
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