(共64张PPT)
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体
部分用法。
On 1. ________(arrive) in Mausu Desert, you might be disappointed,
because there is no desert! 2. __________(compare) with other deserts, Mausu
Desert seems unworthy of its name. However, many years ago, the scene was
different. People living there said that desertification was very serious then, so
they thought that 3. __was high time that they took measures to fight against
arriving
Compared
it
nature. They carried out a series of projects, and insisted on planting trees from
generation to generation. More 4. ___________(importance), environmental
awareness was rooted deeply in people’s hearts. It is a rule that no one can escape
being 5. ________(punish) for cutting down trees casually. So far they have made
an 6. ________(amaze) achievement. Now, not only is the environment improved,
7. ___also people there enjoy a life full of 8. _________(happy). It 9. _________
(believe) that Mausu Desert will disappear in the near future. ?
They succeed because they have confidence 10. __themselves.
importantly
punished
amazing
but
happiness
is believed
in
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. amaze vt. 使惊奇, 使惊诧
【写作金句】 What amazed me most was his knowledge of Chinese history.
令我最惊讶的是他对中国历史知之甚多。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①To my __________ (amaze), all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
②It is one of the most ________(amaze)films I’ve ever seen.
③She was _______(amaze) at how calm she felt after the accident.
句式升级(用what引导主语从句提升句子)
④It amazed me most that fresh food such as sandwiches and juice was made
by students on the spot.
→ ____________________________fresh food such as sandwiches and juice was
made by students on the spot. 世纪金榜导学号?
amazing
amazed
What amazed me most was that
amazement
2. confident adj. 自信的; 肯定的, 有把握的
【文化金句】 In order to gain the confidence of Qin, Jing Ke carried a map of the most productive part of Yan territory to Qin. 为了获得秦的信任, 荆轲带上了一张地图, 上面画着燕国最富饶的地方, 准备献给秦。
【语块必记】
(1)be confident in sb. 对某人有信心
be confident of/about 确信……, 对……有把握
be confident that. . . 相信……
(2)confidence n. 信心, 自信; 信任
have confidence in 对……有信心
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Despite her disability, she ______________________the future. ?
尽管残疾, 她仍然对未来充满信心。
②I ________________everything will come out right in time. ?
我坚信一切终究都会好起来。
③He _______________his daughter’s recovery. ?
他对女儿的康复充满信心。
is still confident about/of
am confident that
has confidence in
3. injure vt. 伤害, 损害
【写作金句】 Any injury to a child is a cause of great concern to us. 孩子受到任何伤害都会让我们非常担心。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Ambulances took the _______(injure)to a nearby hospital.
②The two other passengers escaped serious ______(injure).
③I wasn’t badly hurt, but I _______(injure)my right thigh(大腿) and had to
limp.
语段填词
④The explosion that happened last week __________________(使很多人受伤).
___________(伤者) were rushed to the hospital and luckily, they all recovered
soon. The explosion ______________(对……造成伤害) many of the local people. ?
injured
injury
injured
injured many people
The injured
did an injury to
4. disadvantage n. 缺点; 不利因素, 障碍
【写作金句】 Only if we make sure those advantages outweigh the disadvantages can we truly benefit from it.
只有我们确定优势超过劣势, 我们才可能真正从中受益。
【语块必记】
(1)at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
advantages and disadvantages 利与弊
(2)advantage n. 优势; 有利条件
take advantage of 利用
win/gain/have an advantage over 胜过
to one’s advantage 对某人有利
have the advantage of(doing) sth. 有(做)……的有利条件
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①This new law puts poorer families __a distinct disadvantage.
②Whichever option we choose, there’ll be _____________(disadvantage).
完成句子
③I thought I’d ________________the sports facilities while I was here. ?
我想趁我在这里期间, 好好利用一下这里的体育设施。
at
disadvantages
take advantage of
5. accuse vt. 控诉, 控告; 谴责
【文化金句】 Qu Yuan, an ancient poet, drowned himself after being falsely accused of corruption.
屈原, 一位古代诗人, 在被诬陷腐败后溺水身亡。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The paper charged her ____using the company’s money for her own purposes.
②The young man was accused __ making too loud noises at night.
句式升级
③He was accused of cheating in the examination and he was in low spirits. (用过
去分词短语作状语改写)
→__________________________________, he was in low spirits. ?
with
Accused of cheating in the examination
of
6. escape vi. &vt. 逃跑, 逃离, 逃脱; 避免, 避开; 被遗忘, 被忽视n. 逃离, 逃脱
【写作金句】 We all need the occasional escape route from the boring, routine aspects of our lives.
我们都时不时需要逃避生活中的无聊和平淡。
【语块必记】
(1)escape from 从……逃走; 逃脱, 逃跑
escape (doing) sth. 逃脱(做)某事
escape one’s notice/attention 逃过某人的注意
sth. escape(s) sb. 某物被某人遗忘; 未被注意
(2)have a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱, 九死一生
【熟词生义】 读句子悟含义
①Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the
alarm. ( )
②He was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment. ( )
溢出
想不起来; 被遗忘
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①A fox breaks wind in order to escape _____hunting dogs.
②He narrowly escaped __________(kill). ?
完成句子
③Nothing important ________________________. ?
任何重要的事情都不会逃过她的注意。
④They __________________when their car crashed. ?
撞车事故中, 他们九死一生, 逃过一劫。
from
being killed
escapes her notice/attention
had a narrow escape
Part 2 重点短语句式
7. add to 使增强, 使增加, 使扩大
【文化金句】 Today putting couplets has become a custom to add to the festival atmosphere.
现在贴对联已成为增添节日气氛的习俗。
【语块必记】
(1)add up 合计, 把(数目)加起来
add up to 加起来等于, 总计达到
add. . . to. . . 把……增加到……; 往……加入……
(2)addition n. 加; (数)加法; 增加
in addition 另外; 此外(还有)
in addition to 除……之外(还有, 也)
(3)additionally adv. 此外
【熟词生义】 读句子悟含义
The president agreed, adding that he hoped for a peaceful solution. ( )
补充说
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①We’ve added value __the information by organizing it.
完成句子
②This latest incident __________the pressure on the government. ?
最近的这次事件将会给政府增加压力。
③For a hit show, profits can _________millions of dollars. ?
一场热门演出的利润可达数百万美元。
to
will add to
add up to
句型转换
④Besides, it’s also of great significance to appeal to more people to help those
poor children.
→_____________________, it’s also of great significance to appeal to more
people to help those poor children. ?
In addition/Additionally
8. put forward 提出, 提议; 提前
【文化金句】 Our government has put forward “The Belt and Road Initiative”, which encourages cooperation between China and other countries.
我国政府提出“一带一路”倡议, 鼓励中外合作。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 用put短语的适当形式填空
①Darwin eventually ___________a model of biological evolution. ?
②The sports meeting ______________until tomorrow due to bad weather. ?
③It is strange that he should __________such loud music as he dislikes. ?
④We should ________our differences and discuss the things we have in common. ?
put forward
has been put off
put aside
put up with
9. give out 散发; 分发; 公布, 发表; 用完, 耗尽
【文化金句】 I wrote to my parents to ask for some money, because my money began to give out.
我给父母写信要钱, 因为我的钱要花光了。
【语块必记】
give away 分发; 赠送; 泄露
give back 归还
give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等)
give up 放弃, 停止
give in 屈服, 让步
【语境速测】 用give短语的适当形式填空
①Just as I approached the town, my food supplies finally ________. ?
②I _______to curiosity and opened the letter addressed to him. ?
③I _________my collection of stamps to the little boy. ?
gave out
gave in
gave away
10. set up 创立, 建立
【文化金句】 The Monument to the People’s Heroes was set up in memory of the heroes who sacrificed in the war.
人民英雄纪念碑是为纪念在战争中牺牲的英雄而修建的。
【语块必记】
set off 出发, 动身; 引爆, 激发
set aside 保留; 储存; 忽视; 不管
set about 着手/开始做……(后跟名词或动名词)
set out 出发; 开始做……(后跟不定式)
set down 放下; 记下
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Before you set ___a plan, therefore, know what it is going to cost you.
②Try to set _____some time each day for exercise.
③How do senior managers set about _______(make) these decisions?
④We set out ______(find)the truth behind the mystery. ?
up
aside
making
to find
11. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment. ?
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛, 还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音。
【文化金句】 Not only is the position of the earth changing but the earth itself is undergoing change.
不但地球的位置在变化, 而且地球本身也在经历着变化。
【句型公式】
(1)not only. . . but also. . . 用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分, 着重强调后者, 意为“不仅……而且……”; 其中also有时可以省略。
(2)not only. . . but also. . . 连接两个分句, 且not only位于句首时, not only后面的分句要用部分倒装。
(3)not only. . . but also. . . 连接的两个成分作主语时, 其谓语动词通常与靠近的主语保持一致, 即遵循就近原则。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Air not only occupies space ___it also has weight.
完成句子
②If this project fails, it will ___________________________, _______the whole
organization. ?
如果这个项目失败, 它不仅会影响到我们部门, 还会对整个机构产生影响。
but
affect not only our department
but also
用倒装句提升句子
③By exchanging books, we can not only save money to buy new books, but also
share knowledge with others.
→By exchanging books, _______________________________________, but also
we can share knowledge with others. ?
not only can we save money to buy new books
12. In my opinion, it is about time we had new computers. 在我看来, 我们应该有新的电脑了。 ?
【写作金句】 It is high time that we threw away the phone and raised our heads up. Do cherish the ones around us and appreciate the splendid scenery ahead of us.
是时候该把我们的电话扔掉, 然后抬起头来, 珍惜身边的人, 欣赏我们眼前的美景。
【句型公式】
(1)It’s (about/high) time (that) sb. did/should do sth. 是固定句型, 意为“(差不多/现在)是某人做某事的时候了”, should在从句中不可省略。
(2)time句型还有:
①It’s time for sb. to do sth. “是某人做某事的时候了”。
②It/This/That is/was the first/second/. . . time+that. . . “这/那是某人第一/二/……次……”, 从句要用完成时。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It is about time that we_____ (take) measures to reduce the use of natural
resources and stop pollution.
②This is the first time (that) the boy __________(speak) to a foreigner. ?
句型转换 世纪金榜导学号
③It is about/high time for us to tell him the truth.
→__________________________________________________. ?
has spoken
It is about/high time that we told/should tell him the truth
took
【备选要点】
1. pack vt. 收拾(行李), 装箱; 包装
n. 纸袋, 纸盒; 大背包; 一群, 一捆, 一包
【语块必记】
(1)pack up 打包, 装箱; 整理
(2)a pack of 一包, 一群, 一盒; 大量的
packs of 大量的, 大堆的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I had to pack___ my baggage before setting off for my trip.
②They offered me a job _______(pack)goods in a warehouse.
③Everything she told us is __pack of lies.
packing
a
up
2. terror n. 惊恐, 恐惧
【语块必记】
(1)in terror 惊恐地
(2)terrify vt. 使惊吓, 使恐惧
terrified adj. 恐惧的; 受惊吓的
terrifying adj. 令人恐惧的; 令人害怕的
(3)terrorist n. 恐怖分子
terrorism n. 恐怖主义
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①If something _______(terror)you, it makes you feel extremely frightened.
②He looked so ________(terrify) that I thought he’d seen a ghost.
③We could hear the passengers screaming __terror.
④The story is so _________ (terrify) that almost nobody likes it.
terrifies
terrified
in
terrifying
3. reality n. 现实, 事实
【写作金句】 With our joint effort, the vision of building a nation of readers will become a reality.
有我们的共同努力, 全民阅读的愿望将会成为现实。
【语块必记】
(1)become a reality 实现, 成为现实
in reality 事实上, 实际上
(2)real adj. 真的, 真正的
really adv. 真正地, 确实
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She seems unfriendly at first, but she’s _____(real) very nice.
②He seemed very young, but he was __reality older than all of us.
③The paperless office may one day become __reality.
really
in
a
4. secure adj. 安全的; 有把握的; 稳固的, 坚固的
vt. 获得; 使安全
【文化金句】 It’s not a very secure way to make a living.
以此谋生终非长久之计。
【语块必记】
(1)feel secure about. . . 对……有把握/感到安心
be secure against/from. . . 没有……的危险
(2)secure sth. against. . . 保护……使之免受……
(3)security n. 保护措施; 担保; 安全
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Through this course, parents felt secure _____their children’s financial future.
②If it’s a choice between higher pay and job _______(secure), I’d prefer to keep
my job.
③Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some
attacks. (同义句转换)
→Some think that students should be trained to ______________________
___________. ?
about
security
secure themselves against
some attacks
5. importance n. 重要性
【写作金句】 It’s high time that we attached great importance to study, for the college entrance examination is drawing near.
现在是我们高度重视学习的时候了, 因为高考临近了。
【语块必记】
(1)(be) of great/much/vital importance 很重要的
attach importance to 重视
(2)important adj. 重要的
importantly adv. 重要地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It’s vitally _________(importance) that you understand the danger.
②Most ___________(important), you must keep a record of everything you do.
句型转换
③Tourism is very important to Lijiang.
→Tourism is _________________to Lijiang. ?
important
importantly
of vital importance
6. as to 至于, 关于
【写作金句】 As to how to get along well with your classmates, you should remember that kindness is very important.
至于如何与你的同学和睦相处, 你要牢记友善很重要。
【语块必记】
as it is 照现状, 看样子
as it were 可以说; 在一定程度上
as for 关于, 至于
【误区释疑】 表示“关于, 至于”的词或词组还有in/with regard to, regarding, concerning等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①There has been much gossip in commercial circles as _____his resignation.
②As for _______(put) guns in their hands, I don’t think that’s a very good idea
at all.
完成句子
③There’s no decision ____when the work might start. ?
至于工作什么时候开始, 还没有做出决定。
to/for
putting
as to
7. This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today. ?
长远来说, 与现在大多数城市规划方式相比, 这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。
【文化金句】 The strength of an individual, compared with that of the masses, is but a drop in the ocean.
个人的力量和群众的力量相比, 不过是沧海一粟。
【句型公式】
(1)compare. . . with. . . 比较……和……
compared with/to 与……相比
compare. . . to. . . 把……比作……
(2)compare with 与……类似
(3)without/beyond compare 无与伦比
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The police compared the suspect’s fingerprints ____those found at the crime
scene.
②Our work, to succeed in the shortest possible time, can be compared __a battle.
③__________(compare) with her achievements, her shortcomings are, after all,
only secondary.
with
to
Compared
核心素养测评十二 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2020·泉州模拟)
Skyscrapers are the symbol of urban life. City people are used to seeing tall buildings and apartments. Farms, on the other hand, are associated with rural(农村的)life. However, there are experts who think skyscrapers should become farms to meet the increasing food needs.
By the middle of this century, some scientists suggest, almost 80% of the earth’s population could live in cities. In addition, the population could increase to 9. 1 billion people during that time yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. If current farming practices don’t change, we will need an area of new land to produce enough food for the planet.
Vertical farms, where urban farmers could grow crops in environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. In spite of concerns over high costs, experts want to make it a reality and use these skyscrapers to grow crops.
Vertical farms would have many advantages, supporters say. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming could be free of chemicals and diseases. Besides, crops would not suffer from problems like flooding. Finally, vertical farms would reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over long distances.
Some argue that although crops growing in a tall glass building would get natural sunlight during the day, it wouldn’t be enough. For this reason, vertical farms would need additional light sources, such as artificial light.
Another way of growing fresh food is to build urban farms on rooftops. This more practical approach may be more achievable than the idea of farms in skyscrapers, researchers suggest. Experts agree that innovative(革新的)farming practices are needed to support the need for more food at affordable costs, both to the farmer and to the consumer, but the best ideas could be yet to come.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 为了解决日益增长的食物需求, 专家介绍了两种在高楼大厦可以发展的农业: 垂直农业和屋顶农场。
1. What primary problem could vertical farming settle?
A. Poor state of rural life.
B. Shortage of food supply.
C. High cost for transporting crops.
D. Environmental pollution by transitional farming.
【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据第三段中Vertical farms, where urban farmers could grow crops in environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. 可知, 发展垂直农业可能是解决食物紧缺的方法, 故选B项。
2. What is the advantage of vertical farming?
A. It can produce organic food.
B. It requires little care.
C. It can benefit transport industry.
D. It needs very low cost.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第四段中Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming could be free of chemicals and diseases. 可知, 垂直农业不受化学物品和病虫害的影响, 故可以生产有机食品, 故选A项。
3. What is a big challenge to make vertical farming a reality?
A. Farmable land.
B. Crop diseases.
C. Light sources.
D. Climate conditions.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Some argue that although crops growing in a tall glass building would get natural sunlight during the day, it wouldn’t be enough. 可知, 垂直农业最大的问题就是光线不够, 需要额外的光源, 故选C项。
4. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Future Food Needs
B. Symbol of Urban Life
C. Farming on Rooftops
D. Farms of the Future
【解析】选D。 文章标题题。为了解决日益增长的食物需求, 专家介绍了两种在高楼大厦可以发展的农业: 垂直农业和屋顶农场。故D项(未来的农业)作为标题最好。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. urban adj. 都市的
2. be associated with 与……有联系
3. meet one’s needs 满足某人的需求
4. current adj. 当前的, 现在的
5. vertical adj. 垂直的
6. be free of 免于
B
Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school curriculums, including money management, job preparation and domestic tasks. New research from Monash University showed Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of technology, coding and artificial intelligence subjects to student curriculums to prepare them for future jobs.
Co-author Professor Neil Selwyn, from Monash’s new Education Futures think tank, said the survey results of more than 2, 000 Australians had taken himself and Dr Deana Leahy by surprise. “The life skills-I wasn’t expecting that at all, ” he said. Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, but were also given an open space to write what they think should be included. Prof. Selwyn said people called for schools to teach financial skills, budgeting, cooking and doing taxes. “You could argue that these are things people should be learning themselves, or learning from their families, ” Prof. Selwyn said. “But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living. ”
One respondent said schools should introduce a “contemporary life skills” subject: “A compulsory 1-hour a week class on skills needed that parents seem continually unable to teach their kids. ” Suggestions for the class included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims. Another respondent called for students to be taught “general life skills as unfortunately not enough kids will have parents to actually be bothered to educate them or simply parents don’t know themselves”.
Of the subjects, maths was the highest ranked (75. 5 percent), followed closely by English (74. 8 percent). And while science was the third highest ranked subject (46. 2 percent), it was more strongly supported by those who earned higher wages and were university educated compared to lower income earners.
Aspects of school life considered least important were students having fun, learning about things that interested them and being given the opportunity to be creative.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。澳大利亚成年人希望将“生活技能”引入学校课程, 包括理财、就业准备和家务。莫纳什大学(Monash University)的最新研究显示, 澳大利亚成年人也普遍支持将科技、编码和人工智能课程纳入学校课程, 为他们未来的工作做准备。
5. Why did the adults suggest adding “life skills” to school curriculums?
A. To vary school curriculums.
B. To enrich students’ school life.
C. To prepare students for future work and life.
D. To save parents from the trouble of educating kids.
【解析】选C。 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school curriculums. . . to prepare them for future jobs. 可推知, 成年人建议在学校课程中增加“生活技能”, 为学生未来的工作和生活做准备。故选C。
6. What did Prof. Selwyn think of the adults’ suggestions?
A. Reasonable. B. Ridiculous.
C. Interesting. D. Impractical.
【解析】选A。 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “You could argue that these are things people should be learning themselves, or learning from their families, ” Prof. Selwyn said. “But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living. ”可推知, 塞尔温教授认为成年人提出的这些建议还是合理的。reasonable合理的; ridiculous荒谬的; interesting有趣的; impractical不实际的。故选A。
7. What does Paragraph 3 focus on?
A. Differences of school subjects.
B. Reasons for the school survey.
C. Opinions from the surveyed.
D. Investigations of the respondents.
【解析】选C。 段落大意题。根据第三段中的One respondent said schools should. . . 及Another respondent called for students to. . . 可知, 第三段集中阐述被调查者的不同观点。故选C。
8. What can we know from the text?
A. The present curriculums are to adults’ taste.
B. Contemporary life skills involve resume writing.
C. Students’ interests have been greatly promoted.
D. The parents quizzed think highly of school life.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Suggestions for the class included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims. 可知, 现代生活技能包括写简历。故选B。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. quiz vt. 询问; 测验
2. in terms of 就……而言
3. respondent n. 调查对象
4. compulsory adj. 强制的
5. be bothered to do sth. 费心去做某事
6. rank vt. 把……分等级
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
I don’t believe Artificial Intelligence (AI) could replace my teaching career. I have always been interested in human connection, and the ways in which I can use these connections to inspire change and make a difference. 1 , there are other ways where AI could make a more efficient and effective difference than I could on my own. ?
My teaching experiences over the past several years have been creative and inspiring. I believe that the job of educators extends beyond simply teaching students a set curriculum. 2 , they must constantly reflect on ways to better their teaching, and they must inspire their students to be the best versions of themselves. And now with the help of AI, they could achieve these goals much easier. ?
3 . First, AI can be used to promote fundamental skills, such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons. Additionally, I see AI being used for such necessary tasks as answering questions and grading assignments. Thus I could focus my attention on establishing human connection, individualizing lesson plans and inspiring my students. ?
4 . I believe AI could provide a strong basis for educational equality around the world. According to Todd Leopold, close to 800 million people worldwide are functionally illiterate (不识字的). Due to its ability to efficiently pass knowledge across large groups of people, fewer teachers may be needed in some schools. 5 . ?
A. Since students will always need a human teacher
B. The benefit AI brings is far beyond my own classroom
C. I think AI is a powerful assistant to my future classroom
D. The need for teachers to learn how to use AI will also grow
E. Although human connection may never be able to be fully replaced by AI
F. This could be an opportunity for students everywhere to receive equal education
G. They must observe and get to know their students in order to individualize educational plans
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作者认为在教育领域人工智能虽然不能完全取代老师, 但是能帮助老师提升教学效果, 并从课内、课外两方面举例说明了人工智能的优势。
1. 【解析】选E。 空格位于首段段尾, 并且是半句题。后半句句意: 与我自己单独工作相比, 人工智能也有一些方面能产生更快更有效的作用。从“other ways(其他一些方面)”可知前面已经提到与其形成对比的另一方面, 这个句子应该表达的是转折让步关系。浏览选项, 只有选项E中的although可表达让步关系。选项E中的human connection又在上一句中出现过, 上下语意连贯。故选E。
2. 【解析】选G。 空格位于段中, 并且是半句题。由空格后句式是两个并列的简单句并且都是以they must开头, and前还有一个逗号, 可知空格处应该也是一个相似结构的简单句。浏览选项, 选项G也是以they must开头的简单句。故选G。
3. 【解析】选C。 空格位于段首, 属于主旨句。由上一段段尾“And now with the help of AI, they could achieve these goals much easier. ”可知, 下面两段要论述的是人工智能如何帮助老师更容易地达到教学目标。再由第三段中的“promote fundamental skills”“such necessary tasks as answering questions and grading assignments(像答疑或批作业这样基础性的工作)”可知, 本段论述的是人工智能在课堂内可以带来的好处和效果。选项C中的“a powerful assistant to my future classroom(未来课堂上的得力助手)”可与其呼应。故选C。
4. 【解析】选B。 空格位于段首, 属于主旨句。这一段与第三段是并列关系。由第三段介绍人工智能在课堂内带来的好处可知, 第四段将会论述人工智能在课堂外带来的好处。通过段内的“educational equality around the world(全球的教育公平)”也可知, 本段内容不限于教室内部了。选项B中的“beyond my own classroom(超出了我自己的教室的范围)”可与这个意思呼应。故选B。
5. 【解析】选F。 空格位于段尾。由于段首空格是主旨句, 这里空格肯定是细节句。由本段第二句话可知本段谈论的中心是课堂外人工智能能促进教育公平。选项F中“receive equal education” 与其意思一致, 故选F。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young people 1. (bear) in 1995 or later have another name in English—Generation Z. ?
Now entering adulthood and soon to join the workforce, Generation Z grew up in a special period of time when technology developed fast and the Internet became
2. (universe).
It 3. (believe) that Generation Z is the generation that is going to shape our future, 4. is why policy makers are trying 5. (they) best to understand these young people. Most people agree that the biggest difference between Generation Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who have been familiar 6. social media as soon as they came to the world. It may be true that Generation Z-ers have a shorter attention span(持续时间) 7. a goldfish does, but since they grew up among social changes, they are more active in 8. (political). ?
Generation Z-ers are also culture creators. 9. (grow) up with the Internet has freed this generation from traditional cultural expression. These young people never 10. (willing) let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules. ?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。1995年及以后出生的人被称为Z一代, 人们相信随着社会的发展, 他们会迅速成长。
1. 【解析】born。 考查非谓语动词。句意: 出生在1995年及以后的人在英语中有另一个名字: Z一代。过去分词作后置定语修饰young people。故填born。
2. 【解析】universal。 考查形容词。句意: 进入成年后, 很快参加工作, Z一代成长在一个特殊的时期, 技术迅速发展, 互联网变得普及。形容词作表语, 故填universal。
3. 【解析】is believed。 考查固定句型。It is believed that. . . 人们相信……故填is believed。
4. 【解析】which。 考查定语从句。句意: 人们相信, “Z一代”是塑造我们未来的一代人, 这就是政策制定者正尽最大努力去了解这些年轻人的原因。which指代“Generation Z is the generation that is going to shape our future”。故填which。
5. 【解析】their。 考查代词。根据“policy makers”可知, 此处指复数“他们”; 由try one’s best to do sth. “尽力做某事”可知用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
6. 【解析】with。 考查介词。句意: 他们一出生就熟悉社交媒体。be familiar with对……熟悉。故填介词with。
7. 【解析】than。考查比较级。句意: “Z一代”的注意力持续时间可能比金鱼还要短, 但由于他们是在社会变革中成长起来的, 他们在政治上更加活跃。根据文中“shorter”可知句中使用了比较级, 故填than。
8. 【解析】politics。考查名词。介词in后应加名词, 故填politics。
9. 【解析】Growing。 考查非谓语动词。句意: 在互联网的环境下长大, 将这一代人从传统的文化表达中解放了出来。动名词充当主语, 故填Growing。
10. 【解析】willingly。 考查副词。句意: 这些年轻人从不愿意让他们的创造力受到父母或传统规则的限制。修饰动词let使用副词, 故填willingly。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解世纪金榜导学号
(2020·日照模拟)
Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand?
Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to become available. In February, the Republic of Korean electronics company Samsung and China’s Huawei both launched foldable phones, the Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X respectively. Mobile phone use has entered the “foldable future”, The Verge noted.
The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they’re “the combination of a small tablet and smartphone, all in a single device”.
The technology could change other devices, too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modern cities, they will help us to maximize available space.
In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the foldable screen “the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow”. “It’s a blank canvas (画布) for us to do something beautiful together. ” he said.
So is there nothing to stand in the way of the foldable future? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every 10 OLED (二极管) screens produced were imperfect. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these foldable devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17, 500 RMB. That’s a price that few people will be able to afford.
But if the foldable device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. Patrick Moorhead, an industry analyst told The Verge, “Few are debating if foldable or rollable mobile displays are the future of smartphones; the only question is when and by whom. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“可折叠手机的时代即将到来”。
1. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Screen devices on the market.
B. Foldable age is arriving.
C. Possible powers of a tablet.
D. Foldable screens are imperfect.
【解析】选B。 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Wouldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand? “如果有一款具有平板电脑功能的手机, 可以折叠起来, 放在手里正合适, 那不是很棒吗? ”和第二段第一句Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to become available. “现在, 类似于平板形状的可折叠手机即将问世。”可知本文主题是“可折叠时代即将到来”。故选B。
2. What can we learn from Justin Denison’s words?
A. The foldable screen has great potential.
B. The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.
C. The production of foldable phones will soon increase.
D. Companies need to work together to develop foldable phones.
【解析】选A。 推理判断题。根据第五段中. . . Justin Denison, called the foldable screen “the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow”. “It’s a blank canvas for us to do something beautiful together. ”“ Justin Denison称可折叠屏幕是’未来智能手机的基础’。’这是一块空白的画布, 我们可以一起做一些美好的事情。’”可知, 我们能从贾斯汀·丹尼森的话中了解到“可折叠屏幕具有很大的潜力”。故选A。
3. What is the problem with foldable phones at the moment?
A. They are easy to break.
B. They are inconvenient to carry.
C. They are not as useful as expected.
D. They are unaffordable for most families.
【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, at present these foldable devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17, 500 RMB. That’s a price that few people will be able to afford. “然而, 目前这些可折叠设备价格昂贵。例如: 华为Mate X的价格是17 500元人民币。这是一个很少有人能负担得起的价格。”可知, 目前大多数家庭都买不起可折叠手机。故选D。
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the foldable screen?
A. Worried. B. Cautious.
C. Positive. D. Unconcerned.
【解析】选C。 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句But if the foldable device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. “但如果这种可折叠设备不能在一夜之间改变世界, 那么毫无疑问, 它将会到来。”可知, 作者对可折叠屏幕的未来所持的态度是积极的。故选C。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. burden n. 负担
2. fold up 折叠, 把……折叠起来
3. neatly adv. 整齐地
4. bendable adj. 可弯曲的
5. combination n. 结合
6. analyst n. 分析家
Ⅱ. 完形填空
I have invented robots that crawl through pipes to inspect them for damage. Two of my 1 allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. I 2 building things when I was a kid. It wasn’t until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became 3 about inventing. ?
When I was in the fourth grade, our teacher gave us a 4 . We had to write to a company and learn about the products it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. Thomas A. Edison Company was the priority on my 5 . ?
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman 6 a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I 7 reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that 8 me most were movie cameras, sound recorders and the electric light. Edison became my hero. ?
My dad noticed my passion for inventing and inspired me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and 9 into new things. ?
Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a tool to 10 the brakes of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That’s when I learned that 11 inventors often invent similar things. It is not 12 for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas turn out practical. Failure is a common part of the inventing process. ?
As my father and I worked together, I began to 13 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands, combined with my interest in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor. But I am 14 to Thomas Edison, too, for first 15 that bulb inside me. ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者从小对发明产生兴趣, 通过做学习课题任务, 他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下, 他最终成了一名发明家。
1. A. approaches B. experiments
C. inventions D. conclusions
【解析】选C。根据第一句中的have invented robots及下文内容可以看出inventions在此处符合语境。故选C。
2. A. ran across B. took up
C. figured out D. turned around
【解析】选B。句意: 我小时候就对修建事物很感兴趣。run across偶然遇到; take up拿起, 对……产生兴趣; figure out弄清楚; turn around转身。联系下文可以看出作者从小就喜欢发明。故选B。
3. A. skeptical B. confident
C. hopeless D. excited
【解析】选D。句意: 直到我了解了托马斯·爱迪生, 我才真正对发明感到兴奋。skeptical怀疑的; confident自信的; hopeless绝望的; excited激动的, 活跃的。根据下文Edison became my hero及文章结尾处作者将自己的进步归于爱迪生对他的启迪可知, 他自了解爱迪生后就对发明感到特别兴奋了。故选D。
4. A. project B. lesson
C. surprise D. present
【解析】选A。句意: 当我上四年级的时候, 老师给我们布置了一个课题。根据下文学生需要给一家公司写信, 等收到公司寄回的产品介绍后, 每名学生要在全班同学面前做报告可知, 这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题。project课题, 方案。故选A。
5. A. program B. letter
C. show D. list
【解析】选D。句意: 托马斯·爱迪生公司是我的首选。由下文作者收到了爱迪生公司寄来的书可知这家公司在作者心中的榜单上是首选。故选D。
6. A. opened B. offered
C. delivered D. lent
【解析】选C。句意: 我给公司写了信后不久, 我们的邮递员就给我送来了一个包裹。由mailman可知delivered符合语境, 这里是“派送”包裹的意思。故选C。
7. A. enjoyed B. minded
C. avoided D. hated
【解析】选A。作者非常崇拜爱迪生, 因此“喜欢”反复阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。故选A。
8. A. worried B. impressed
C. reminded D. alarmed
【解析】选B。句意: 给我印象最深的是电影摄影机、录音机和电灯。worry担心; impress使印象深刻, 打动; remind提醒; alarm报警。故选B。
9. A. finally B. luckily
C. typically D. regularly
【解析】选A。句意: 他教我如何把想法变成计划, 最后变成新事物。根据ideas, plans及new things这一变化过程可知, finally符合语境。故选A。
10. A. adjust B. search
C. swing D. shut
【解析】选A。adjust调整; search搜索; swing摇摆; shut关闭。作者发明了一种工具, 可对汽车的刹车进行“调节”。故选A。
11. A. young B. different
C. great D. unusual
【解析】选B。句意: ……不同的发明家经常发明相似的东西。由上下文语境及similar提示可知, 此处different符合语境。故选B。
12. A. reasonable B. improper
C. practical D. unusual
【解析】选D。句意: 这种情况并不罕见。reasonable合理的; improper不合适的; practical实际的; unusual不同寻常的。由上文“不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西”中often一词可知, 这种情况很常见。故选D。
13. A. hope B. suggest
C. realize D. consider
【解析】选C。作者在和爸爸合作的过程中“意识到”爸爸也是一位发明家。故选C。
14. A. grateful B. addicted
C. appealing D. equal
【解析】选A。grateful感激的; addicted上瘾的; appealing吸引人的; equal平等的。作者内心很“感激”爱迪生对他的启发。grateful符合语境。故选A。
15. A. permitting B. operating
C. lighting D. creating
【解析】选C。句意: 但我也要感谢托马斯·爱迪生, 是他第一次点燃了我内心的那盏灯。permit允许; operate操作; light点亮; create创造。故选C。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
It wasn’t until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.
分析: 此句为It is/was not until. . . that. . . 结构的强调句型, though为插入语。
翻译: 直到我了解了托马斯·爱迪生, 我才真正对发明感到兴奋。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假如你是李华, 你最近在某网站购得一部电子书阅读器(Kindle), 却发现商品存在一些质量问题。请你给商品负责人写一封电子邮件进行投诉, 要点如下:
1. 购买时间;
2. 质量问题;
3. 你的要求。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Sir / Madam,
I’m writing to complain about a Kindle that I purchased from your website on May 1st.
After one week of its purchase, I find it doesn’t work as expected. The battery doesn’t last long after being recharged, perhaps merely half a day. Worse than that, the words on the screen are not distinct enough, which I think is damaging to my eyesight.
I have been a devoted customer of your company and I hope you will look into the matter seriously and replace the faulty Kindle with a new one as guaranteed. Thank you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Ⅳ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Zigfried was a little mouse who used to live with a happy family. The children of the family would hug him in the arms and discussed about their Christmas gifts. Zigfried enjoyed every hour of them, especially when he was drinking hot chocolate. Suddenly he was woken up by the noise coming from his own stomach. He stretched himself and rubbed his eyes. Slowly and feebly he climbed to the windowsill. Zigfried blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought hopefully. It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle.
This farmhouse had been empty too long. All the equipment was covered with dust and dirt. Everything looked like dead ashes. It needed a family. Only a family’s moving in could light up the house. Again Zigfried’s stomach made a noise. He realized that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill, took a bag from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike’s. He wished to get something to eat for the present. If lucky enough, he could store some sandwiches, cheese or chocolates for the coming of his granny who would arrive on Christmas Eve to celebrate with him, bringing a Christmas gift.
Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse until the farmer married a wife who had a cat. The cat was in and out of the window constantly and meowed horribly into the bargain. Zigfried trembled when he thought of that narrow escape with the cat. He looked around carefully as he stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite nervous as he filled his bag with wheat.
注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. ?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: ?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. The cat placed his paw upon the bag and began to open his big jaws to swallow him. His heart beat wildly, and without thinking, he started to run as quickly as he could and luckily escaped the cat’s paws. But the bag filled with delicious food was left in the barn. He took a deep breath and bit his teeth pretending to enjoy something he liked.
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a new family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Before long, a car came up the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolates. Zigfried’s Christmas miracle did arrive! The house came alive the next few days. However, the day before Christmas, he heard the discussion of the children of the family about what they might get as Christmas gifts. What? A cat? The smile froze on his face; his mouth fell wild open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this? ”
PAGE
- 1 -
