(共69张PPT)
必修5
Unit 1 Getting along
with others
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体
部分用法。
With the improvement of living standard, more and more Chinese are
going abroad 1. _______(eager) to experience foreign culture. However, some
of them focus too much 2. ___themselves and forget to follow the local customs,
which has had a bad effect on our country’s image. As for this phenomenon,
eagerly
on
some argue 3. ___severe punishment against those people. They should 4. ___
_______(blame) for what they have done. Once they admitted 5. ___________
(do)wrong, they should first make an 6. _______(apologize) in public and then
accept punishment. Some think that we should rely on the guides 7. _________
(prevent) these bad behaviors. Some guides who ignore to remind the tourists
of the local customs should also be punished. They should respond in time to
stop the tourists’ bad 8. ________(manner). If 9. __, some bad behaviors can be
prevented. You must mind your own behaviors ?while 10. ________(travel)
abroad, and remember to prevent the uncivilized behaviors you meet.
for
be
blamed
having done
apology
to prevent
manners
so
traveling
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. pretend vi. & vt. (pretended, pretended, pretending)假装; 装扮, 扮作
【写作金句】 If you pretend to know what you don’t know, you’ll only make a fool of yourself.
如果你假装知道你不知道的事情, 你只会让自己出丑。
【语块必记】
pretend to be+adj(n. )/to do/to be doing/to have done sth.
假装做/正在做/已做某事
pretend that. . . 假装……
【误区释疑】
pretend后接不定式和从句作宾语, 不接动名词作宾语。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I don’t pretend _____(be)an expert on the subject. ?
②He pretended ____________(read) an important document when the boss
came in. ?
完成句子
③While in the process of study, do not __________________________________
_____. ?
在学习过程中, 不要假装自己学会了不会的知识。
④He ____________________________, but I knew that he did. ?
他假装不在乎, 但我知道他很介意。
to be
to be reading
pretend to have known what you don’t
know
pretended (that) he didn’t mind
2. admit vi. & vt. (admitted, admitted)承认; 允许进入, 接纳
【文化金句】 Spain was admitted to the European Community in 1986. 西班牙于1986年被接纳为欧洲共同体成员。
【语块必记】
(1)admit(doing/having done) sth.
承认(做过)某事
admit to sb. that. . . (向某人)承认……
(2)admit sb. to/into 准许某人进入(或加入)……
(3)admission n. 进入; 入场费; 录用
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Dana admitted ______(feel)hurt by what I had said.
②Blake finally admitted he _________(steal)the money. ?
完成句子
③It’s a pity that I can’t pay the _________(admit) to the concert of the
musician.
feeling
had stolen
admission
一句多译
④你应当有勇气承认错误。 世纪金榜导学号
You should have the courage to __________________. (admit+n. )?
=You should have the courage to _________________________. (admit+doing)?
=You should have the courage to _______________________________. (admit
that. . . )?
admit your mistakes
admit having made mistakes
admit that you have made mistakes
3. focus vi. & vt. 集中注意力于……; (使)聚焦
n. 焦点; 重点
【写作金句】 People are likely to forget their own tradition and culture if they focus too much on foreign festivals. 如果人们过多聚焦于外国节日, 他们可能会忘记他们自己的传统和文化。
【语块必记】
(1)focus on 集中于; 关注
focus one’s eyes/attention/mind on. . . 把视线/注意力/心思集中到……上
(2)bring sth. into focus 使某事物成为焦点
the focus of attention 关注的焦点
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He needs to focus more ___his career.
②Her beautiful new dress made her ___focus of attention at the party.
完成句子
③We need to ______________________this issue. ?
我们需要把公众的注意力集中在这个问题上。
④They ______________________the most urgent problems. ?
他们把他们的注意力集中到了最紧急的问题上。
on
focus public attention on
focused their attention on
the
4. apologize vi. (apologized; apologized; apologizing)道歉
【写作金句】 Trains may be subject to delay—we apologize for any inconvenience caused. 火车可能会晚点, 如果给您造成任何不便, 我们在此谨致歉意。
【语块必记】
(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉
【语境速测】 完成句子
①She _________________losing her temper. ?
她因发脾气而向我们道歉。
②I _______________________________your letter by mistake. ?
我得向你道歉, 我误拆了你的信。
③I _________________— I’m afraid I have forgotten to send that report. ?
我得向你道歉——我恐怕忘了发出那份报告了。
句型转换
④I must apologize to Lisa for my lateness.
→I must ___________________________________. ?
apologized to us for
make an apology to you for opening
owe you an apology
make an apology to Lisa for my lateness
5. blame vt. 责备, 指责
n. (坏事或错事的)责任; 责备, 指责
【写作金句】 We should communicate more and understand each other instead of blaming each other in such a competitive society.
在竞争如此激烈的社会, 我们应该彼此多交流、理解, 而不是相互责备。
【语块必记】
(1)blame sb. for sth. /doing sth. 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任; 该(为……)受责备
(2)put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
【误区释疑】
be to blame (for sth. ) 意为“应(为某事)受指责/负责任”, 此结构用主动形式表示被动意义。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Hugh ___________________his lack of confidence. ?
休把自己缺乏自信心归咎于他的母亲。
②The hot weather ___________________________________. ?
炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。
③Health officials ____________________________poor housing conditions. ?
卫生官员们将该疾病的暴发归咎于恶劣的住房条件。
blames his mother for
is partly to blame for the water shortage
put the blame for the disease on
6. eager adj. 热切的, 急不可待的
【写作金句】 Many high school students are eager to go to college, but anxious about failing the entrance examination.
许多高中生渴望上大学, 但担心不能通过入学考试。
【语块必记】
(1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for. . . 急于得到……
(2)eagerly adv. 急切地
eagerness n. 渴望; 热心
(3)(同义词) desire to do/for sth. ; be dying to do/ for sth. ; long to do/for sth.
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Curiosity drove the students to the lab to find out the result of the experiment
_______(eager). ?
②They crowded around the spokesperson, eager ___any news.
完成句子
③______________, I can’t wait to share with you the news. ?
渴望见到你, 我迫不及待地想与你分享这个消息。
for
Eager to see you
eagerly
7. respond vi. & vt. 做出反应, 回应, 回答
【写作金句】 I would appreciate it if you would respond early. 如果您早些回复, 我将不胜感激。
【语块必记】
(1)respond to 答复……; 对……做出反应
(2)response n. 回应, 反应, 回答
in response to 对……做出反应
make a response to 对……做出回答/回应
(3)其他“做出反应”的表达
react to 对……做出反应
reply to 回答, 答复
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I’m writing to respond __your advertisement for the position of Sales
Manager.
②I am writing in ________(respond) to your advertisement for the position as a
secretary in the newspaper.
完成句子
③The police __________emergencies in just a few minutes. ?
紧急事件发生时, 警察在短短几分钟内就会做出反应。
to
response
respond to
Part 2 重点短语句式
8. regardless of 不管, 不顾
【文化金句】 History poetry is very important in the Tang Dynasty, regardless of quantity or art level.
无论在数量上还是艺术水平上, 咏史怀古诗在唐代都非常重要。
【语块必记】
in spite of=despite 尽管, 虽然
despite/in spite of the fact that. . . 尽管事实如此……
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I will tell them the truth, regardless __what they want to hear.
完成句子
②Faced with disasters and adversities, some people choose to stay optimistic
and determine to carry on ________________________________. ?
面对灾难和逆境, 有些人选择保持乐观, 决定不顾艰难继续前进。
of
regardless of/in spite of the hardships
9. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. 考试之后, 我一定是听上去洋洋得意, 说考题实在太简单了, 我肯定能取得好成绩。?
【写作金句】 I must have seen you somewhere before, but your name has escaped me for the moment.
我肯定以前在某个地方见过你, 但是你的名字我暂时想不起来了。
【句型公式】
(1)“must+have done”结构表示对过去肯定的推测, 意思是“一定, 准是”, 语气较肯定, 较有把握。
(2)对现在情况的推测, must后接动词原形(多为状态动词)。must be doing sth. 肯定在做某事。
(3)其疑问结构要用can, 否定结构要用can’t, 或者是“can +其他具有否定意义的副词”, 不可用must not+have done结构。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As a native, you must _________(be) to many extraordinary places that we
know little about. ?
②Now that nobody gave him any help, he ______________(do) the research on
his own. ?
完成句子
③As it happened, you just stood near my desk at that time, so I thought __
_____________________(一定是你)did the heartbreaking thing. 世纪金榜导
学号?
have been
must have done
it
must have been you who
【备选要点】
1. forgive vt. (forgave; forgiven; forgiving)宽恕, 原谅
【文化金句】 You should forgive others whenever you can. 得饶人处且饶人。
【语块必记】
(1)forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做过)某事
forgive one’s doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
(2)forgiveness n. 原谅
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Please forgive me ___being absent from your birthday party again and
accept my sincere apology.
②He forgave his brother’s ________(break)the window.
一句多译
③请原谅我不能恪守约会。
Please forgive _______________________________. ?
=Please forgive ____________________________. ?
for
breaking
me for not keeping my appointment
my not keeping my appointment
2. manner n. 方式; 态度, 举止(pl. )礼貌; 习俗
【语块必记】
in a(n). . . manner 以……的方式
mind one’s manners 注意礼节
It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做……是有/没有礼貌的
table manners 餐桌规矩, 进餐礼节
【误区释疑】
manner表示 “礼貌, 规矩” 时为复数形式, 故要用manners。good manners有礼貌; bad manners没礼貌。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①I had hoped you would behave __________________________. 我希望你能表
现得更负责。?
②____________________________(当谈到餐桌礼仪的时候), we often let the
seniors eat first to show respect for them. ?
③____________________with your mouth open. ?
张着嘴吃东西是不文雅的。
in a more responsible manner
When it comes to table manners
It’s bad manners to eat
3. remark n. & vi. (remarked; remarked; remarking)评论, 谈论
【写作金句】 As a famous expert once remarked, the secret to happiness is to think about positive things and stay optimistic. 正如一位著名专家曾经所说, 幸福的秘诀是思考积极的事情并保持乐观。
【语块必记】
(1)remark on/upon. . . 对……发表评论/看法
remark that. . . 谈论/说起……
(2)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见; 对……评头论足
(3)remarkable adj. 显著的, 非凡的, 值得注意的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He remarked ___the difference in security measures at the two airports.
②Her ________(remark) on the employment question led to a heated discussion.
③Anderson left the table, __________(remark) that he wouldn’t forgive her
mistake.
完成句子
④A lot of our customers _________________________of our workmanship. ?
我们的许多客户对我们的工艺质量评价很高。
on
remarks
remarking
remark highly on the quality
4. argue vi. & vt. (argued; argued; arguing)争吵, 争论, 辩论, 主张, 说服
【文化金句】 Protest groups argued strongly against the immigration policies of President.
抗议团体强烈反对总统的移民政策。
【语块必记】
(1)argue vi. 争吵, 争论 vt. 辩论, 说服
argue with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人就某事进行争辩
argue for/against(doing)sth. 主张/反对(做)某事
(2)argument n. 争辩; 争论
beyond argument 无可争辩
【误区释疑】
argue that. . . 意为“主张……”时, that从句的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气“(should) do”形式。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She had a long _________(argue) with the man who was selling the tickets.
②They were arguing _____how to spend the money.
③He argued _______smoking, and insisted that it was _______argument that
smoking was harmful to health.
完成句子
④The secretary argued that the next meeting __________________ahead of
time. ?
秘书主张提前安排好下次会议。
argument
about
against
beyond
(should) be arranged
5. sensitive adj. 易生气的; 敏感的; 体贴的
【写作金句】 Children are sensitive to disapproval and adjust their behaviour accordingly. 孩子们对批评十分敏感, 并会相应地调整他们自己的行为。
【语块必记】
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be sensitive about 介意……; 在乎……
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He was very ________(sense) about his scar and thought everyone was staring
at him.
②Some plants are very sensitive __light; they prefer the shade.
sensitive
to
6. acquaintance n. 泛泛之交, 熟人; 略有交情, (与某人)认识, 熟悉
【语块必记】
(1)have acquaintance with 认识, 了解, 熟悉
make one’s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb. 和某人相识, 认识某人
(2)acquaint v. 使熟悉; 使了解
acquaint sb. with sth. 使某人熟悉某事(物)
be acquainted with 熟悉……, 认识/了解……
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Take time to acquaint yourself ____the rules.
②I have some acquaintance ____French, but I do not know it well.
一句多译
③我盼望着与她结识好长时间了。
I’ve been looking forward to ______________________for a long time. ?
=I’ve been looking forward to ____________________________for a long time. ?
with
with
making her acquaintance
making the acquaintance of her
7. be based on 以……为基础; 以……为根据
【文化金句】 The economy is based on national stability.
经济是建立在国家稳定的基础上的。
【语块必记】
(1)base. . . on/upon. . . 把……建立在……基础之上
(2)basis n. 基础; 基本原则
on the basis of 根据; 在……的基础上
(3)basic adj. 基本的; 基础的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①All these new products __________(base) on extensive market research. ?
②Decisions were often made on the _____(base) of incorrect information.
句式升级
③The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.
→_____________, the restaurant is working all right. (用分词短语作状语)?
→The restaurant, ____________________, is working all right. (用定语从句改
写)?
were based
basis
Based on trust
which is based on trust
8. cautious adj. 小心的, 谨慎的
【文化金句】 Both China and the US have expressed cautious optimism that an agreement will soon be reached.
中美双方都对即将达成协议表示谨慎乐观。
【语块必记】
(1)be cautious about (doing) sth. 对……谨慎
(2)caution n. & v. 谨慎, 小心
with caution 小心地, 谨慎地
(3)cautiously adv. 小心地, 谨慎地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Keller is cautious _____ making predictions for the success of the program.
②The newspaper _________(caution) its readers against buying shares without
getting good advice first.
句型转换
③Statistics should be treated with caution.
→Statistics should __________________. ?
about
cautioned
be treated cautiously
9. end up 最后成为; 最终处于
【文化金句】 As Mark Twain once said, “Studying humor is like dissecting a frog—you may know a lot but you end up with a dead frog. ”
正如马克·吐温曾经说的, “研究幽默就像解剖一只青蛙——也许你能获益良多, 但最终得到的只是一具青蛙尸体。”
【语块必记】
(1)end(up) in 以……告终, 结果为……
end(up) with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
end up as 作为……而结束
end up doing sth. 结果做某事
(2)come to an end 结束
put an end to 结束
in the end 最后, 终于
on end 竖立; 笔直地; 连续地
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵; 量入为出
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The meeting ended up ____ a song.
②They’re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up __
Moscow.
③Much of this meat will probably end up __ dog food.
④After working her way around the world, she ended up ________(teach)
English as a foreign language teacher.
with
in
as
teaching
10. rely on 依靠, 依赖
【写作金句】 No matter how favourable the conditions are, we’ll still rely on our own efforts.
即使条件再好, 我们也还要靠我们自己的努力。
【语块必记】
(1)rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望……
rely on it that. . . 相信……; 指望……
rely on one’s doing sth. /rely on sb. to do sth. 指望/信任某人做某事
rely on sb. /sth. for. . . 依靠某人/某物得到……
(2)(同义短语)depend on; count on
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The system relies too heavily ___ one person.
②Mr Fernandes says, he won’t rely on others ________(handle)this. ?
③You may rely on __ that our government will find a way to solve the shortage
of resources.
on
to handle
it
11. Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me. ?
昨天, 我看到他和另一个男孩彼得说话, 我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我, 做他最好的朋友。
【写作金句】 He can’t help losing temper if his students couldn’t focus on their study.
如果他的学生不能集中精力学习, 他就忍不住发脾气。
【句型公式】
can’t help doing sth. 不由自主地做某事
can’t help oneself 控制不住某人自己
can’t help but do sth. 不得不做某事
can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做某事
help oneself to (sth. ) 随便吃
【语境速测】 完成句子
①I _______________just a mite uneasy about it. ?
我对此不禁感到一丝不安。
②Without the people you love most, you ________________all lonely in the
world. ?
若没有你最爱的人, 你在这世上会不自觉地感到孤独。
单句语法填空
③I’m so busy that I can’t help ___(do) housework now.
④Whenever the boy sees a lovely cat, he always can’t help ________(touch) it.
can’t help feeling
can’t help but feel
do
touching
核心素养测评十三 Unit 1 Getting along with others
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
The woman didn’t like us. We didn’t do anything to offend her and she didn’t know us but that didn’t matter. As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. Eventually, some of us stopped trying to befriend her.
Well after 16 months in the school, we had a secret pal gifting. I drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my secret pal. My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was.
I bought her a small rose arrangement and asked someone to write a message on it and then sent it to her room. She was so touched. Next day I sent a bottle of shampoo but I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. I also sent her a fragrant candle.
I had brought a few gifts from Ireland when I returned to the Middle East in September. I decided to gift her a silver coloured bangle.
Then came the day of the “big reveal”. We all gathered in the staff meeting room and everyone was excited. The host said, “Several days ago, when you received your gift, you wrote a few kind words about your secret pal and passed the gift to them. ” She taught music in the school so I said, “My secret pal is someone who brings music to our ears every day of the week. ” I didn’t even need to say her name because everyone knew exactly who I meant.
She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. I think everyone’s understanding of things is subjective, so we should have more communication with people around us.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。主要讲述了“我”和一位阿联酋学校新来女教师交朋友的故事。从中“我”认为每个人对事物的理解都是主观的, 所以我们应该多和身边的人交流。
1. How did the woman respond to the Westerners greetings?
A. She blamed them.
B. She kept away from seeing their eyes.
C. She treated them kindly.
D. She avoided meeting them again.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第一段中的As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. (作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师, 我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她, 她都避免与我们目光接触)可知, 当西方人跟她打招呼时, 她总是避免与他们目光接触。故选B。
2. What was the author supposed to do after knowing the name of her secret friend?
A. Prepare a gift for her.
B. Write a speech about her.
C. Find out who it is.
D. Chat with her.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第二段中的My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was. (我的职责是给她买一件礼物, 当我们公开承认谁是我们的秘密朋友时, 对她说点什么)可知, 当作者知道了她的秘密朋友的名字后, 她要给秘密朋友准备一份礼物。故选A。
3. Why did the author write the message in English in paragraph 3?
A. To show other teachers her identity.
B. To teach the woman some English.
C. To let the woman know her nationality.
D. To make other teachers better understand her intention.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. (我用英语写这条信息, 因为她需要在“大揭秘”那天之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人)可知, 作者用英语写这条信息是为了让这位女士知道她的国籍。故选C。
4. What was the woman’s attitude towards the author at last?
A. Friendly. B. Doubtful.
C. Regretful. D. Forgiving.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. (她带着一个大大的温暖的微笑走上前来。她拥抱我, 亲吻我的双颊, 很有礼貌地接受了我的礼物)可知, 最后, 这位女士对作者非常友好。故选A。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. offend vt. 冒犯
2. befriend vt. 友善对待
3. acknowledge vt. 承认
4. fragrant adj. 香的, 芳香的
5. graciously adv. 优雅地
6. subjective adj. 主观的
B
By day a Cairo dentist and by night a novelist, he spent years struggling to get published. Today, Alaa Al Aswany is a best-selling writer across the globe.
Aswany was born in Cairo in 1957. His father was also a novelist, who won the state award for literature in 1972. “He was my first professor of literature. He told me what to read and what not to read, ” said Aswany, who had a traditional French education and then went to Chicago to study for his dentistry degree.
In 2002, his novel The Yacoubian Building, was quietly accepted by a small, independent publisher in Cairo. Its first edition sold out in four weeks and it was the Arab world’s best-seller for five successive years, selling 250, 000 copies in a region where print runs seldom go beyond 3, 000. Word spread quickly, people talked about it. It was made into a hit film and a TV serial, and has since been translated into 27 languages.
Aswany said, “Society is a living organism and you must keep up. That’s why I still practise, though for only two days a week. I will never close the clinic (诊所). The clinic is my window. I open it to see what is happening in the street. You can’t get disconnected from the street, as a writer; that’s a common mistake. You can be too easily welcomed every night by the richest people and the most influential. It is very dangerous because it is that relationship with the street that made you successful in the first place. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。Alaa Al Aswany是全球最畅销的作家, 他白天是开罗的牙医, 晚上是一位小说家。他将诊所当作与现实世界建立联系的窗户。
5. What role did Aswany’s father play in his writing career?
A. He aroused his interest in literature.
B. He taught him French in college.
C. He read him novels as a reward.
D. He sent him to Chicago to learn literature.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中His father was also a novelist, who won the state award for literature in 1972. “He was my first professor of literature. He told me what to read and what not to read, ” said Aswany“他的父亲也是一位小说家, 1972年获得国家文学奖。’他是我的第一位文学教授。他告诉我什么该读, 什么不该读。’Aswany说。”可推知Aswany的父亲激起了Aswany对文学的兴趣。故选A。
6. How did the novel The Yacoubian Building firstly become well known?
A. By its film adaptation.
B. By media advertising.
C. By the public concern.
D. By its amazing.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句Word spread quickly, people talked about it. It was made into a hit film and a TV serial, and has since been translated into 27 languages. (消息很快传开了, 人们开始谈论它。它被拍成热门电影和电视剧, 并被翻译成27种语言。)可知小说《雅库比恩公寓》首先是通过引起公众的关注而出名。故选C。
7. Why does Aswany still work as a dentist?
A. He likes the view in the street.
B. He needs to make a living as a dentist.
C. He wants to help the poor as a doctor.
D. He connects to real life through his clinic.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中The clinic is my window. I open it to see what is happening in the street. (诊所是我的窗口。我打开它看看街上发生了什么。)可知诊所是Aswany的窗口。Aswany通过诊所来与现实生活建立联系。故选D。
8. Which of the following can best describe Aswany?
A. Generous. B. Hardworking.
C. Outgoing. D. Humorous.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容, 尽管Aswany已经很出名, 但是他还是坚持一周两天在诊所里工作, 来让自己和现实世界建立起联系, 可以看出Aswany是一个非常勤奋的人。故选B。
【知识拓展】词汇积累
award n. 奖; 奖学金
v. 把(某物)授予(某人)
successful adj. 成功的
quickly adv. 迅速地; 很快地
in the first place 首先; 起初
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
Words have great power. Death and life are in the power of the tongue. Many of us have been offended by words and know how badly words hurt. 1 . Trust me if you are not careful in this area, your emotions will soon be controlled by the words of the people around you. ?
2 . ?
If someone tells you “You are a fool. ”, don’t believe it in your mind. People who hurt you can never really harm you unless you allow yourself to be defined by these words. You are a child of God. You are very valuable in the sight of God, so never allow yourself to feel inferior just by the words of other people.
Turn those words into positive thoughts within you.
If there is something wrong with your actions, and others are trying to correct you, it can sometimes hurt your feelings if their words are hurtful. 3 . Think like this in your mind, “Yes, I’m wrong, but I’ll find out ways to improve. Now I have hope because I know I can change. ”?
Respond softly.
If someone speaks in a hurtful way, take a deep breath first and try to speak softly and kindly in response. 4 . On the contrary, an angry answer is like a sword, which will bring harm instead of healing. ?
Be silent.
5 . It’s none of your business. We need not respond to every personal comment from people. It’s not your problem that they keep on hurting you on purpose. So simply leave it. ?
A. A soft answer turns away anger
B. Don’t worry about what others say
C. It is wise to correct others’ mistake by soft words
D. Never let negative words of others define who you are
E. In that case change those words into positive thoughts
F. If someone is purposefully hurting you for no reason, simply be silent and ignore it
G. Today I will share a few tips on how to handle the effect of negative words spoken to you
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 具体说明了如何处理言语伤害。
1. 【解析】选G。根据下文的小标题可知应选G。
2. 【解析】选D。根据下文“People who hurt you can never really harm you unless you allow yourself to be defined by these words. ” 可知答案为D。
3. 【解析】选E。In that case 指代上文中“it can sometimes hurt your feelings if their words are hurtful. ”可知答案为E。
4. 【解析】选A。根据下文逻辑关系“On the contrary, an angry answer is like a sword, which will bring harm instead of healing. ”, 可知答案为A。
5. 【解析】选F。根据下文中“It’s not your problem that they keep on hurting you on purpose. So simply leave it. ”, 可知答案为F。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As children in China look forward to their six-week summer holiday, parents are finding themselves 1. (suffer)from higher levels of stress and financial strain. It was 2. similar tale last year, when “Having 30, 000 yuan monthly salary cannot afford the summer holiday” also went viral online. The trend reflects the 3. (anxious) and fear of parents that their children 4.
(lag) behind other classmates during the summer break. 5. (keep) their offspring in study mode, parents try to fill the holiday 6. different classes and tours, at ever-increasing expense.
Yin Jianli, a writer 7. specializes in family and education
8. (issue), said it was unnecessary. “Many parents thought they could buy their children a 9. (good)education, but 10. (actual), a holiday should be a time for rest and play, not study. ”she said.
1. 【解析】suffering。考查非谓语动词。句意: 父母们发现自己承受着更大的精神和经济压力。分析句子可知, suffering. . . 在句中作宾语补足语, 与宾语themselves是逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词suffering。
2. 【解析】a。考查不定冠词。句意: 去年也是这样。tale为可数名词, 故用不定冠词a。
3. 【解析】anxiety。考查词性转换。句意: 这种趋势反映出家长的焦虑和担心: 怕他们的孩子暑假期间落后于其他同学。动词reflects后需用名词作宾语。故将形容词anxious改为名词anxiety。
4. 【解析】will lag。考查一般将来时。此处表示一种倾向性, 故用will lag。
5. 【解析】To keep。考查非谓语动词。句意: 为了让孩子始终处于学习模式, 家长们试图用不同的课程和出游填满假期, 花费自然不断增加。此处动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。
6. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。fill. . . with. . . 用……填补……。故用介词with。
7. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。句意: 专门研究家庭和教育问题的作家尹建利表示, 没有必要在暑假期间为孩子们安排这么多活动。who引导定语从句, 代指人。
8. 【解析】issues。考查名词复数。issue为可数名词, 此处应用复数形式。故填issues。
9. 【解析】better。考查形容词比较级。句意: 她说: “许多家长认为他们可以为孩子买到更好的教育, 但实际上, 假期应该是休息和玩耍的时间, 而不是学习。”故用better。
10. 【解析】actually。考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语。故用actually。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. strain n. 压力
2. go viral 迅速传播
3. reflect vt. 反映
4. offspring n. 后代
5. specialize vi. 专门从事
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Twenty-one years ago, my husband gave me Sam, an eight-week-old schnauzer(雪纳瑞犬), to help ease the loss of our daughter. Sam and I developed a very special bond over the next years.
At one point, my husband and I decided to move to a new home in New Jersey. Our neighbor, whose cat had recently had kittens, asked if we would like one. We were a little apprehensive about Sam’s jealousy and how he would handle his turf(地盘)being invaded, but we decided to risk it.
We picked a little, gray, playful ball of fur. She raced around chasing imaginary mice and squirrels and jumped from table to chair in the blink of an eye, so we named her Lightning.
At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. But slowly, Lightning started following Sam — up the stairs, down the stairs, into the kitchen. Later, when they slept, it was always together; when they ate, it was always next to each other. When I took either one out, the other was always waiting by the door when we returned. That was the way it was for years.
Then, without any warning, Sam was diagnosed as having a weak heart. I had no other choice but to have him put down. The pain was nothing compared with what I experienced when I had to walk into our house alone. This time, there was no Sam for Lightning to greet and no way to explain why she would never see her friend again.
In the following days, Lightning seemed heart-broken. I could see the disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door, or the hope whenever she heard a dog bark.
One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica(复制品)of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue’s neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文, 主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊, 当宠物狗死了之后, 猫很伤心, 当发现宠物狗的雕像时, 它很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边。
1. What does the underlined word “apprehensive” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Shocked. B. Curious.
C. Worried. D. Eager.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段. . . Sam’s jealousy and how he would handle his turf being invaded, but we decided to risk it. “尽管害怕Sam嫉妒, 以及不知道它怎么处理被入侵的领地, 但是我们依然决定冒险”可知, 作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响, 故选C。
2. How did Sam get along with Lightning at first?
A. Lightning followed Sam everywhere it went.
B. They fought with each other fiercely.
C. They kept a certain distance from each other.
D. Sam was unfriendly to Lightning.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. 可知, 起初Sam 和Lightning都对对方很谨慎, 保持一定距离, 故选C。
3. What can we infer from the text?
A. Lightning knew Sam had died.
B. Sam meant a lot to Lightning.
C. We took Lightning home to accompany Sam.
D. Sam came back to stay with Lightning again.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue’s neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend. 可知, 作者有一天进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边, 一个爪子搭在雕像的脖子上, 和它的好朋友心满意足地入睡了。故可知, Sam对于Lightning来说很重要, 故选B。
4. What can be the best title of the text?
A. The Friendship between Sam and Lightning
B. The Coming of Sam and Lightning
C. The Death of Sam to Lightning
D. The Importance of Sam to Us
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊, 当宠物狗死了之后, 猫很伤心, 当发现宠物狗的雕像时, 它很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边, 故选A。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. ease vt. 缓解
2. jealousy n. 嫉妒; 羡慕
3. invade vt. 入侵; 侵扰
4. diagnose vt. 诊断; 判断
5. heart-broken adj. 心碎的
Ⅱ. 完形填空
On the snowy morning of January 28, I only planned to take my garbage out before heading straight back inside. However, while taking the garbage out to the 1 along the road, my four-year-old black Labrador, Midnight, started acting strangely. Her ears perked up (竖起) 2 me. I had never seen her make that expression. ?
I felt something might be 3 , so I let Midnight lead the way and followed her over to my 4 neighbor’s house. When we got to a spot on the other side of the home, we 5 87-year-old Noreen lying in the 6 . I figured she had been out there at least one and a half hours. Hurriedly, I 7 her up and brought her into my home. ?
Once inside, my wife and I made sure she wasn’t seriously injured and 8 she didn’t have frostbite (冻伤). However, her hands were already 9 so we helped her warm up and gave her dry clothes. Later Noreen explained to me she had gone out earlier that 10 to fill her bird feeder before the temperature dropped even further the following day but she was 11 in the snow after taking a 12 and hadn’t been able to get up on her own. ?
Noreen is now much better but knows how 13 she came to losing her life. She was grateful. “Midnight is without doubt the reason I am still 14 today, ” said Noreen. ?
Without Midnight I would never have seen Noreen lying on the ground. We’ve been very 15 of her because it’s not every dog that pays attention to things like this. ?
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章叙述了在一个极度寒冷的早晨, 一只拉布拉多犬的异常行为, 引起了主人的关注, 跟随他的狗, 他发现87岁的邻居倒在雪地上危在旦夕。他立刻对老人进行救助, 最后老人脱离危险。
1. A. car B. mailbox C. dustbin D. court
【解析】选C。根据上下文以及常识, 作者把垃圾拿出去放入外面路边的垃圾箱里(dustbin)。car“车”; mailbox“邮箱”; court“网球场”。
2. A. looking at B. walking beside
C. looking after D. listening to
【解析】选A。根据第一段最后一个单词expression“表情”, 可以推断出来, 作者的狗竖着耳朵看着(looking at)他, 表情不寻常。walking beside“走在……旁边”; looking after“照看”; listening to“听着”。
3. A. unique B. special C. wrong D. sharp
【解析】选C。根据上文他的狗的异样行为和表情, 作者感觉到出了什么事情。something is wrong“出了什么事情”; unique“独特的”; special“特殊的”; sharp“锋利的”。
4. A. elderly B. former
C. young D. sick
【解析】选A。根据下文87-year-old Noreen, 可以知道是上了年纪的(elderly)邻居。former“以前的”; young“年轻的”; sick“有病的”。
5. A. found B. remembered
C. recognized D. knew
【解析】选A。根据上下文, 作者发现(found)87岁的邻居正躺在雪地里。
6. A. water B. snow C. field D. wind
【解析】选B。根据文章开头提到的snowy morning以及后面in the snow, 得知这里老邻居是躺在雪地里。
7. A. put B. lifted C. took D. woke
【解析】选B。当作者意识到老人躺在雪地里至少一个半小时时, 立刻把她抬起来(lifted up)并带回家。put up “建起”, took up“从事、拿起、占据”; woke up“唤醒”。
8. A. understood B. checked
C. promised D. predicted
【解析】选B。根据上下文, 作者和妻子检查(checked)一下看看老人是否有冻伤。understood“理解”; promised“承诺”; predicted“预测”。
9. A. black B. white C. blue D. pink
【解析】选C。根据上下文及常识, 她的手已经冻得发青(blue)了。
10. A. morning B. afternoon
C. evening D. night
【解析】选A。文章一开始就交代On the snowy morning of January 28, 所以这里选择morning。
11. A. struggling B. sleeping
C. expecting D. surviving
【解析】选A。根据上下文推断, 老人在雪地里摔倒了之后, 在雪地里挣扎(struggling), 试图站起来, 但是没有成功。其他不符合语境: sleeping“睡觉”; expecting“期待”; surviving“生存”。
12. A. break B. fall
C. breath D. step
【解析】选B。根据上下文推断出来, 老人是在雪地里摔倒了, 爬不起来。take a fall“摔了一跤”; take a break“休息一下”; take a breath “喘口气”; take a step“采取措施; 迈出一步”。
13. A. narrow B. painful
C. close D. hopeless
【解析】选C。Noreen现在好多了, 但她知道自己差点丢了性命。be close to doing “接近”, 固定搭配。narrow“狭窄的”; painful“痛苦的”; hopeless“没有希望的”。
14. A. dead B. lucky C. free D. alive
【解析】选D。根据上下文可知: 邻居Noreen说, 她能活着(alive)多亏了Midnight。
15. A. afraid B. aware
C. ashamed D. proud
【解析】选D。根据上下文, 作者为自己的狗救人的事迹感到自豪(proud)。be proud of “为……而自豪”; be afraid of“害怕”; be aware of “意识到”; be ashamed of “为……而羞愧”。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你们学校的英国交换生Jeff准备参加“外国人讲中国成语(idiom)故事”比赛, 他发邮件请你给予辅导。请你回复邮件, 内容包括:
1. 答应帮助;
2. 提出建议;
3. 询问辅导时间与地点。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jeff,
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jeff,
I am writing to reply to your email regarding the Chinese idiom story competition you are going to participate in. It would be my great pleasure to help you prepare for the contest.
I would like to offer some suggestions before we meet. Firstly, as there are a great number of idioms to choose from, I recommend the most commonly used ones that come from interesting stories. Additionally, many idioms found roots in ancient myths or historical facts. Thus, I advise fully researching their meanings and origins to gain an instructive and fascinating insight into the cultural history of China.
I hope the suggestions above can be of some help to you. Could you please tell me when and where you would like to meet? I look forward to further discussion with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅳ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was in New Hampshire. Cody was an 11-year-old boy. Just like other boys, he enjoyed running around the lake, and sometimes picked yellow daisies for his mother’s kitchen table along the paths. But the thing he liked best was fishing. He went fishing whenever he had got a chance from the dock(船坞)at his family’s cabin on an island in the middle of the lake and he was proud of his fishing skills.
On the day before that year’s bass(鲈鱼)season opened, he and his father were fishing early in the evening, catching sunfish and perch with worms. Then he tied on a small silver lure(诱饵)and practiced casting. The lure struck the water, stirring up colored ripples in the sunset, and then silver ripples as the moon rose over the lake. It was an unusually quiet evening. The gentle breeze from the lake was so refreshing.
After what seemed a long time, Cody noticed his fishing pole doubled over, and he knew at once that something huge was on the other end. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully worked the fish alongside the dock.
Finally, he very carefully lifted the exhausted fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
The boy and his father looked at the handsome fish, gills playing back and forth in the moonlight. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10 P. M. -two hours before the season opened. He looked at the bass, then at Cody.
“You’ll have to put the fish back, son, ”he said.
“Dad! ”cried the boy.
“There will be other fish, ”said his father gently but firmly.
“Not as big as this one, ”cried the boy again.
注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
Cody looked around. _____________________________________________
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Do we do right when no one is looking? __________________________
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【参考范文】
Cody looked around. No other men were fishing anywhere around the lake. He looked again at his father. Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he caught the fish, the boy could tell by the firmness in his father’s voice that the decision was final. He slowly worked the hook out of the lip of the huge bass and lowered it into the black water. The creature swished its body and disappeared. The boy sighed at the loss of such an awesome fish.
Do we do right when no one is looking? Do we stop at the red light when the street is empty? Or refuse to trade stocks based on inside information? We would if we were taught to“put the fish back”when we were young. It is a story we will proudly tell our friends and grandchildren. Not about how we took advantage of someone or something, but about how we resisted a big lure when no one was watching and were forever strengthened.
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