Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
People need to relax and enjoy themselves. One way they can have a good time is to watch a baseball game or another sports event. Even thousands of years ago, groups of people gathered to watch skilled athletes.
Over 2,000 years ago in Greece, certain days in the year were festival days. These were holidays when people stopped work and enjoyed themselves. They liked to watch athletes take part in races and other games of skill.
The most important festival was held every four years at the town of Olympia. It was held in honour of the Greek god Zeus. For five days, athletes from all parts of the Greek world took part in the Olympic Games. At the Olympic Games, people could watch them box, run, jump and so on. There was a relay race between two teams of men in which a lighted torch (火炬) was passed from runner to runner. The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had to stop fighting. People were allowed to travel to the games freely. Thousands of people came to Olympia from cities in Greece and from its colonies (殖民地) in Africa, Asia and Italy. They met as friends to cheer their favourite athletes and to enjoy themselves.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了2 000多年前在古希腊的奥林匹亚镇每四年举行一次为纪念希腊主神的奥运会的相关知识。
1．What happened in Greece over 2,000 years ago?
A．People stopped work and enjoyed themselves.
B．The cities there were often against one another.
C．People watched baseball games.
D．People didn't go to any games at all.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had to stop fighting.”可知，2 000多年前，希腊的这些城市互相交战，故B项正确。
2．What did people do at the games?
A．They fought.
B．They just talked to friends.
C．They cheered for good athletes.
D．They tried to find friends.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由文章最后一段最后一句“They met as friends to cheer their favourite athletes and to enjoy themselves.”可知C项正确。
3．Greek cities then were fighting so they .
A．were weak
B．were strong
C．couldn't go to other cities freely
D．could see each other
解析：选C 推理判断题。由文章最后一段的“People were allowed to travel to the games freely.”可知，人们在运动会期间被允许自由活动。由此可推知，人们在交战的城市之间是不能自由走动的，故C项正确。
4．The best title for the story is “ ”．
A．Greece at War
B．Together for the Games
C．Stop Fighting
D．Sport
解析：选B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述不同城市的人们因为比赛而走到一起，成为朋友，为运动员喝彩，故B项正确。
B
I love to read before I go to sleep. It usually makes me feel calm. But a big part of this depends on what I read. I love to read Oor Wullie and The Broons. Very often I'm smiling before I go to sleep.
I decide to write about this in a blog because I find that so many of us go to sleep with stress. Before we go to sleep, we may run over the day in our minds, and worry about tomorrow. We also may watch the news on TV, read the news on our smart phones or tablets, or even answer work emails. But the news is rarely proclaiming (宣告) all the good that's happening in the world and work emails make us feel that we're still at work. All these things may leave us a stressful sleep.
Oor Wullie and The Broons are not the only things I ever read at night. I sometimes read novels but, with the odd exception, I mostly avoid anything that is too mentally taxing or stimulating late at night unless it's something that inspires me or is clearly helpful in my life.
And even if I do read something mentally stimulating, when I feel myself getting tired I lay that book down and pick up a trusty old Oor Wullie or The Broons for the last 10 or 15 minutes. Doing this makes my mind quiet and helps ensure I get a peaceful night's sleep. Reading about Wullie or Maw and Paw Broon is like a comfort blanket for me.
I'd suggest you find light-hearted reading as a comfort blanket at bedtime, especially if you find yourself stressed or depressed a lot of the time, or if you find difficulty winding at the end of a day. It is the thing that can gently turn your attention towards lightness and ease.
If your material makes you laugh, then you may feel even better. Several studies show that laughter boosts happy chemicals in the brain, it strengthens the immune system, it's good for the heart, and it is most definitely good for mental health. It even helps us improve our relationships.
And if you do happen to pick up a copy of Oor Wullie or The Broons, I hope you find it just as entertaining as I do.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述自己睡前的一些阅读习惯，告诉人们如何减少睡前的压力以及睡前保持好心情的重要性。
5．What can we learn about Oor Wullie and The Broons?
A．They make people run over the past days.
B．They are the best books to be read before people sleep.
C．They are extremely popular with young people.
D．They make people feel relaxed and happy.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I love to read Oor Wullie and The Broons. Very often I'm smiling before I go to sleep.”可知，Oor Wullie和The Broons这两本书会使人们感到放松和快乐。
6．What can we know from the text?
A．Oor Wullie and The Broons are the author's favorite books.
B．A comfortable blanket makes people go to sleep easily.
C．The author sometimes reads something about inspirations.
D．Reading something stimulating at night helps get a peaceful sleep.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I mostly avoid anything...in my life”可推知，作者有时候会阅读一些鼓舞人心的书。
7．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?
A．What material brings us laughter.
B．How laughter affects our health.
C．What benefits laughter brings to us.
D．Why laughter is good for us.
解析：选C 段落大意题。根据第六段第一句“If your material makes you laugh, then you may feel even better.”及该段的描述可知，该段的主题是笑带给我们的好处。
8．What's the main purpose of the text?
A．To show the importance of reading before sleeping.
B．To prove the importance of a good mood before sleeping.
C．To tell us how to make ourselves stay relaxed before sleeping.
D．To explain how to choose a book worthy to be read before sleeping.
解析：选B 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“I love to read...makes me feel calm.”及第四段第二句“Doing this makes...a peaceful night's sleep.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是证明睡前有一个好心情的重要性。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The Palace Museum, known as the Forbidden City, is the 1. (large) and most well 2. (reserve) imperial (皇帝的) residence in China today. It is divided into an outer and an inner court with a rectangular shape, 961 meters long from north to south and 753 meters in 3. (wide) from east to west. It has a splendid history since the Ming Dynasty, and it 4. (rebuild) and repaired many times in the past. I was so excited to visit it 5. my family last summer vacation. After we passed through the Front Gate, a lot of palaces appeared. The tour guide told us there were almost 8,700 rooms in the Palace Museum. During the Ming Dynasty, construction began in 1406. 6. took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. I was 7. (real) surprised that the workers could build it so well 8. even today it is not out of style. I could not remember all the names of the buildings, but I took hundreds of beautiful 9. (photo) on the way. I think I will never forget the 10. (amaze) trip I had in Beijing, China and that I can go there next time with my friends.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为游客介绍了自己的故宫之行，并表达了自己对这次行程难以忘怀的心情以及希望和朋友再次参观的愿望。
1．解析：被称为紫禁城的故宫是中国现存最大、保存最完整的皇家宫殿。根据空前的“the”及空后的“and most”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式。故用large的最高级largest。
答案：largest
2．解析：reserve和它所修饰的名词residence之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“保存最完整的”，故应用过去分词reserved作定语。
答案：reserved
3．解析：in是介词，故应用名词width。
答案：width
4．解析：rebuild和主语it之间是被动关系；根据时间状语in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时，故应填was rebuilt。
答案：was rebuilt
5．解析：和家人一块儿参观故宫使作者感觉很兴奋。表示“和……一起”应用介词with。
答案：with
6．解析：“It takes sb. time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”，故此处应用It作形式主语。
答案：It
7．解析：此处修饰形容词surprised，应用副词，故用really。
答案：really
8．解析：工人们将它建得如此好以至于现在它仍然没有过时。so...that...“如此……以至于……”为固定结构，其中that为连词，引导从句，故此处应用that。
答案：that
9．解析：hundreds of后面用可数名词复数形式，故用photos。
答案：photos
10．解析：trip是名词，表事物，应该用形容词修饰，故用amazing“令人惊奇的”。
答案：amazing
1．sports event 体育赛事
2．in honour of 为了纪念……
3．blog n． 微博
4．stressful adj.有压力的
5．mentally adv.精神地
There was a relay race between two teams of men in which a lighted torch ?火炬? was passed from runner to runner.
[分析] 这是一个复合句，which在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词a relay race。
[翻译] 在两个队之间有接力比赛，在这个比赛之中点燃的火炬从一个选手传到另外一个选手。
课件20张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升语 篇 理 解基 础 巩 固语 篇 理 解能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.七选五
You've decided your child is spoiled, and you want to do something about it. Is it too late？Not necessarily. Here are four tips from an expert for getting your child to behave well.
1 You've spoiled your child by giving him or her too much for too little. You can correct this by helping your child to learn to work harder for rewards and to understand that not all good behavior is rewarded. 2 For example, at first, insist that your daughter put a few toys away before she gets a snack, and gradually increase the amount of work required for each reward.
Don't overreact(反应过度) to crying. When children don't get what they want, their natural behavior is to cry. If you react every time your child cries, you may be denying(拒绝给予) him or her an important chance to learn something. 3
Prepare for a fight. At the beginning, children's demands will increase when they find out parents are not going to give them the new toys they want. When it happens, be careful not to give in just because the child shouts. 4
Stick with the program. Your child will probably be upset when you begin making changes. 5 It means the requirements are getting stricter and that your child is adjusting(适应)．Remember：give it time, and don't give up.
A．Cut down on rewards.
B．That's not necessarily a bad thing.
C．Start out making changes slowly.
D．Rather, wait until the child calms down.
E．Don't try to reason with him or her about the situation.
F．There is little doubt that things will get worse before they get better.
G．As a parent, you need to know when to comfort a child and when to simply walk away.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文介绍了如何纠正被宠坏的孩子的行为。
1．解析：选A 下文中的“by giving him or her too much”呼应A项中的“Cut down”，且下文中的“helping your child to learn...good behavior is rewarded”和A项意思相符。
2．解析：选C 下文中的“gradually increase”呼应C项中的“making changes slowly”。
3．解析：选G G项是对上文不过度回应孩子哭闹之后的正确做法的阐述。
4．解析：选D 由本段小标题Prepare for a fight. 和“not to give in just because the child shouts”可知，此处给出正确做法：等待孩子平静下来，即D项。
5．解析：选B B项承上启下，由下文中的“It means...is adjusting(适应)．”可知，上文中提到的“Your child will probably be upset”的状况也不一定就是坏事，B项符合语境。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was 12?45 p．m.on January 2,2007. Fifty-year-old Wesley Autrey was waiting for the train at a subway station in New York. His two daughters, aged four and six, were with him.
1 ， a sick man fell on the platform(站台)．The man, 20-year-old Cameron Hollopeter, got up, but then 2 again—this time, onto the track between the two rails. A 3 was coming into the station. It was a(n) 4 moment.
5 Mr. Autrey wasn't afraid. He 6 the man, and he looked at the 7 that the man was in. It was about half a meter deep. And he 8 ， “The train is going to travel over this man. 9 he tries to get up, the train will 10 him. But if he lies on the ground and doesn't 11 ， he'll be OK.”So he knew he had to 12 .And there was no time to think carefully.
He 13 .Mr. Autrey lay on top of Mr. Hollopeter and kept him down on the ground. The train driver 14 them. He was afraid, but he couldn't 15 in time. Five subway cars traveled over the two men before the train stopped.
The people on the platform were 16 .When Mr. Autrey heard them screaming(尖叫), he shouted, “We're OK down here, but I have two daughters up there. Let them 17 their father's OK.”People on the platform clapped and 18 .They were amazed at Mr. Autrey's 19 .Subway workers helped the two men out. They had no serious injuries.
Mr. Autrey said, “I didn't do anything special. I just saw someone who needed 20 .I did what I thought was right.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。一名患病的男子突然从地铁站台上栽倒在铁轨上，这时一辆列车即将进站，就在这千钧一发的时刻，卫斯理纵身跳到该男子身上保护他不被列车撞上，最终两人均未受重伤，他的勇气令人敬畏。
1．A.Luckily B．Suddenly
C．Quietly D．Finally
解析：选B 根据下文中的“a sick man fell on the platform(站台)”可知，一个生病的男子“突然(Suddenly)”倒在了地铁的站台上。
2．A.climbed B．fell
C．ran D．walked
解析：选B 根据文中的“a sick man fell on the platform(站台)”及“got up, but then...again—this time, onto the track between the two rails”可知，这个生病的男人站起来，可是又“倒(fell)”在了地铁的两个铁轨中间。
3．A.train B．car
C．bus D．coach
解析：选A 根据上文中的“Wesley Autrey was waiting for the train at a subway station”可知，一辆“列车(train)”即将进站。
4．A.historic B．exciting
C．right D．frightening
解析：选D 根据文中的“The man...between the two rails.A...was coming into the station.”可知，卡梅伦倒在铁轨上，而这时正有一辆列车即将进站，由此可知现在正是“危急(frightening)”关头。
5．A.But B．Or
C．And D．Unless
解析：选A 上文中的“The man...was coming into the station.”与“Mr. Autrey wasn't afraid.”构成了转折关系，故用“But(但是)”。
6．A.pointed at B．waited for
C．looked after D．looked at
解析：选D 解析见下题。
7．A.hole B．station
C．space D．seat
解析：选C 根据文中的“and he looked at the...that the man was in. It was about half a meter deep”可知，卫斯理“看了看(looked at)”卡梅伦，又看了看他所处的“地方(space)”，发现那里有半米深。
8．A.heard B．thought
C．shouted D．suggested
解析：选B 根据下文中的“The train is going to...he'll be OK.”及“And there was no time to think carefully.”可知，下文引号中的句子是卫斯理内心所想的内容。
9．A.Until B．Because
C．Though D．If
解析：选D 解析见11题。
10．A.pass B．kill
C．leave D．take
解析：选B 解析见下题。
11．A.sleep B．listen
C．move D．rush
解析：选C 根据文中的“he tries to get up, the train will...he'll be OK”可知，“如果(If)”卡梅伦站起来，他就会被呼啸而过的列车“撞死(kill)”；如果他躺在地上不“动(move)”，他就会安然无事。
12．A.make a decision B．stand back
C．have a rest D．hold on
解析：选A 解析见下题。
13．A.understood B．smiled
C．jumped D．practiced
解析：选C 根据文中的“And there was no time to think carefully.”及“Mr. Autrey lay on top of Mr. Hollopeter”可知，在这紧急关头，卫斯理必须“作出决定(make a decision)”，他“跳(jumped)”下了站台，趴在了卡梅伦的身上。
14．A.saw B．encouraged
C．saved D．praised
解析：选A 根据文中的“The train driver...them.He was afraid”可知，列车司机“看见(saw)”了他们俩趴在铁轨上，所以很害怕。
15．A.turn B．arrive
C．change D．stop
解析：选D 根据下文中的“Five subway cars traveled over the two men before the train stopped.”可知，虽然列车司机看见了他俩，但是他也没有办法让列车及时“停下来(stop)”。
16．A.shocked B．satisfied
C．disappointed D．pleased
解析：选A 根据下文中的“When Mr. Autrey heard them screaming(尖叫)”可知，站台上的人们都“惊呆了(shocked)”。
17．A.say B．know
C．remember D．imagine
解析：选B 根据文中的“but I have two daughters up there.Let them...their father's OK”可知，卫斯理和卡梅伦都很安全，卫斯理希望站台上的女儿“知道(know)”她们的父亲没受伤。
18．A.shook B．cheered
C．cried D．sang
解析：选B 根据上文中的“We're OK”及“People on the platform clapped”可知，人们发现卫斯理和卡梅伦安然无恙后开始鼓掌、“欢呼(cheered)”。
19．A.dream B．responsibility
C．courage D．carefulness
解析：选C 根据语境及卫斯理英勇救人的事迹可知，人们都很钦佩卫斯理的“勇气(courage)”。
20．A.help B．belief
C．hope D．confidence
解析：选A 根据文中的“I just saw someone who needed...I did what I thought was right.”可知，卫斯理认为他只是做了他认为对的事，帮助了需要“帮助(help)”的人，没有什么特别的。
1．spoil v．宠坏
2．track n．轨道
3．subway n．地铁
4．shout v．大喊大叫
5．clap v．鼓掌
课件9张PPT。Section Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A fresh and gentle wind on your face, soft sand under your feet and blue waters as far as the eye can see. Is there any other Olympic sport that is played in such pleasant conditions as beach volleyball?
“I've gone to a lot of beautiful places, and met a lot of beautiful people. That wouldn't have happened if I had been playing another sport，” said Randy Stoklos, America's most famous beach volleyball player.
The sport began as a four-a-side game on beaches in Southern California in the 1920s. The first recorded two-man game took place there in 1930, and the first tournament was held in Los Angeles 18 years later. The winners were awarded a case of Pepsi. In the 1950s, women started playing and the sport soon spread to Europe and South America. Yet at that time, beach volleyball was more an entertainment show than a sport, with beauty contests included. The Association of Volleyball Professionals was founded in 1983 and beach volleyball developed into a fast, athletic sport. Its world-wide popularity won beach volleyball a place at the 1996 Olympics in Atalanta, where 24 male teams and 16 female teams took part. At present, the US and Brazil are the best in the world at beach volleyball.
The game came to China in the early 1990s and there have been national tournaments since 1994. It became an official event at the Eighth National Games in 1997. China's You Wenhui and Wang Lu finished ninth in the women's beach volleyball world championships in Brazil.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了沙滩排球的历史。
1．The passage is mainly about .
A．the history of beach volleyball
B．how to play beach volleyball
C．the importance of beach volleyball
D．women's beach volleyball in China
解析：选A 主旨大意题。文章前两段的目的是引出话题“沙滩排球”，而第三、四两段则主要是讲述了沙滩排球的历史。
2．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Beach volleyball was first played like other Olympic sports.
B．Beach volleyball began on beaches in Southern California.
C．Beach volleyball has always been an entertainment show rather than a sport.
D．Women started playing beach volleyball in South America in 1945.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知B项正确。其余三项均描述错误。
3．When did beach volleyball officially become an Olympic event?
A．In 1948. B．In 1950.
C．In 1996. D．In 1997.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知选C。
4．According to the passage, we can learn that .
A．in 1996, beach volleyball became an official event in China
B．China's beach volleyball team is the best in the world
C．China's beach volleyball players won the first place in Brazil
D．beach volleyball came to China in the early 1990s
解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可推知D项正确。
B
It's good to make mistakes, and here is why.
First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that we are trying new things. It's always good to try new things because when we are trying new things, we are growing. If we never try anything new, how can we improve？The simple answer is, “We can't”．
Another good thing about mistakes is that when we are making them, we are learning. Consider this—Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he said that he had learned 10,000 things that didn't work.
When we make a mistake, we are much closer to success. Because every time we make a mistake, we eliminate one of the things that keep us from success.
But all this doesn't mean that we should go through life without considering the consequences of a mistake. Instead, when we try something new, we have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn't work out the way we want it to, we will be in a position to try again. We all have limited resources—in the form of time and money—so we shouldn't blow them all on one approach to a problem. It's best that we realize it probably won't be perfect for the first time and allocate these resources appropriately so we can learn, make corrections, and try again. Only by accepting and using our mistakes in this way can we make significant advances in our lives.
There is an old saying that goes, “If you're not making mistakes, you're not trying hard enough”．So go forth and make mistakes.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍犯错的一些好处以及利用错误获得成功的策略。
5．Which can be used to replace the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 4?
A．Make up for. B．Get rid of.
C．Accept. D．Expect.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句“When we make a mistake, we are much closer to success.”并结合对画线词所在句的理解可知，当犯错误时，我们就除去了一些阻碍成功的因素。由此可推知，eliminate与get rid of意思相近，意为“除去”，故选B。
6．What do we know from the fifth paragraph?
A．We should ignore the possible consequences.
B．We should accept the outcome willingly.
C．We should make some limits for our next try.
D．We should avoid making the same mistakes.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Instead, when we try something new, we have to be willing to set some reasonable limits”可知，我们应该为下一次尝试设置一些合理的限度，故选C。
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．Dealing with mistakes.
B．Making mistakes.
C．Making progress.
D．Benefiting from mistakes.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It's good to make mistakes, and here is why.”的开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述犯错误的一些好处，以及利用这些错误获得成功的策略，故选D。
8．What may the writer suggest we say to ourselves when making a mistake?
A．Never mind, I tried my best.
B．Great! Now I have learned something.
C．This is a waste of time.
D．Look at this mess.I should just give up.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Another good thing...we are learning.”可推知，当犯错误时，我们要意识到我们也是在学习，从而更接近成功；本段中爱迪生改进灯泡的例证也告诉我们，当我们犯错时，我们可以告诉自己：“很好！现在我学到了一些东西”，故选B。
Ⅱ.短文改错
When a student told Katie that he wanted bike but couldn't afford to buy it, she decided to make his dream come true. And she even took the whole school under consideration. At the school that she worked, a lot of students were poor. But Katie thought own their own bikes would make wonderfully memories for every child. To earn money for hundreds of new bike, Katie launched an online page, and finally raise enough money to pay for them. Katie was surprised the kids by announcing a gift over a loudspeaker at school. “Joy is the basic childhood right, ” she said. “A bike is one of the top things that represents that.”
答案：
When a student told Katie that he wanted bike but couldn't afford to buy ，she decided to make his dream come true. And she even took the whole school consideration. At the school she worked, a lot of students were poor. But Katie thought their own bikes would make memories for every child. To earn money for hundreds of new ，Katie launched an online page, and finally enough money to pay for them. Katie was surprised the kids by announcing a gift over a loudspeaker at school. “Joy is the basic childhood right，” she said. “A bike is one of the top things that that.”
1．in the 1920s 在20世纪20年代
2．spread v．传播
3．entertainment n．娱乐
4．championship n．冠军
5．sign n．符号；标志
Its world-wide popularity won beach volleyball a place at the 1996 Olympics in Atalanta， where 24 male teams and 16 female teams took part.
[分析] 这是一个复合句，where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Olympics。
[翻译] 它在全世界流行，这让它在1996年的亚特兰大奥运会中成为比赛项目，有24支男子队伍和16支女子队伍参加了那次奥运会。
课件9张PPT。Section Ⅲ Grammar基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升点 击 进 入课件28张PPT。Section Ⅳ 单元知识巩固重 点 单 词重 点 短 语重 点 句 型话 题 写 作重 点 单 词重 点 短 语重 点 句 型话 题 写 作
