(共65张PPT)
Unit 3
Understanding each other
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
【知识主线串记】
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点, 请按要求补全短文, 并背诵体会黑体
部分用法。
President Xi 1. ____________(congratulate) all farmers around the country
on the first Farmers’ Harvest Festival. Farmers around the country held
varieties of activities in 2. __________(celebrate) of their first festival. It’s quite
funny 3. _______(join) in these games. These years, our 4. ___________(govern)
attaches great importance to the development of agriculture. It is reported that
congratulated
celebration
joining
government
farmers account 5. ___70% of the population of China. Farmers can get timely
help once they have trouble 6. _________(produce). Laws are made to ensure
that farming land should not be used for other purposes without 7. __________
(permit). Now factories that will cause pollution 8. _____________(prohibit) from
being built in the countryside. Farmers also have adjusted 9. __________(they)
to modern technology. ?
The old and poor villages that we were familiar 10. ____have changed a lot.
for
producing
permission
are prohibited
themselves
with
Part 1 考纲高频单词
1. congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺; 祝贺
【文化金句】 I am writing to congratulate you on your getting the first prize in the Chinese Bridge Speech Contest. 我写信祝贺你获得汉语桥演讲比赛一等奖。
【语块必记】
(1)congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth.
祝贺某人(做了)某事
congratulate oneself (on sth. ) (因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪
(2)congratulation n. 祝贺, 贺词
congratulations to sb. on sth. 为某事祝贺某人
Congratulations! 恭喜! ; 祝贺!
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①First, congratulate you ___having received 8 offers from the Ivy League
universities, which is so amazing.
②I am writing to offer my sincere ______________(congratulate)to you on your
winning the first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge.
完成句子
③Chinese directors Zhang Chong and Zhang Bo ___________________________
the Bronze Pyramid Award for The Fourth Wall. 恭喜中国导演张翀和张波因
电影《第四面墙》获得了铜金字塔奖。?
on
congratulations
were congratulated on winning
熟词生义 读句子悟词义
We especially wanted to congratulate certain players. ( )
vt. 表扬; 称赞
2. permit vt. &vi. (permitted; permitted)允许, 准许
n. 许可证
【文化金句】 It said that those hoping to climb Qomolangma must have climbed at least one Nepalese peak of more than 6, 500 metres before getting a permit.
据说, 想攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人必须至少攀登过一座海拔在6500米以上的尼泊尔山峰才能得到登山许可证。
【语块必记】
(1)permit(doing)sth. 允许(做)某事
permit sb. (to do)sth. 允许某人(做)某事
permit of 容许, 有……的可能性/余地(多用于否定句)
time/weather permitting 时间/天气允许的话
(2)permission n. 准许, 许可, 批准
without permission 未经允许
ask (for) one’s permission 征求(某人的)许可
【语境速测】 完成句子
①_______________________to take photographs. ?
参观者请勿拍照。
②His health did not ________any delay. ?
他的健康状况不容许他有任何耽搁。
③The rules of the club do not ______________. ?
这个俱乐部的规章不允许吸烟。
④You can’t work here without _____________. ?
你没有工作许可证就不能在这里工作。
Visitors are not permitted
permit of
permit smoking
a work permit
⑤If the weather permits, they will go out of the house to enjoy the bright
moonlight, talking about something pleasant. (用独立主格提升句子)
世纪金榜导学号
→__________________, they will go out of the house to enjoy the bright
moonlight, talking about something pleasant. ?
Weather permitting
【误区释疑】 permit用作不及物动词, 可表示时间、条件、天气等“允许的话”, 常用于独立主格结构, 即“名词+现在分词”。
3. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止; 阻止, 使不可能
【文化金句】 Take-out foods must be prohibited from entering school so that we can have a good environment.
外卖食品应该被禁止进入学校, 以便于我们可以拥有一个好的环境。
【语块必记】
(1)prohibit (one’s) doing sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. 禁止, 阻止; 禁令
a prohibition on/against ……的禁令
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①On December 31, 2017 China began to prohibit _________(import) 24 types
of foreign waste including waste plastic.
②This __________(prohibit), however, has been based on what is highly
questionable.
完成句子
③His small size ____________________a policeman. ?
他矮小的身材使得他当不成警察。
importing
prohibition
prohibits his becoming
【知识拓展】 表示“阻止/妨碍某人做某事”的句式
stop sb. (from)doing sth.
prevent sb. (from)doing sth.
ban sb. (from) doing sth.
block sb. (from)doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
discourage sb. from doing sth.
forbid sb. from doing sth.
4. adjust vi. & vt. 适应, 习惯; 调整, 调节
【写作金句】 In order to have a good command of knowledge, you’d better adjust yourself to every teacher’s teaching methods. 要想掌握好知识, 你最好让自己适应每个老师的教学方法。
【语块必记】
(1)adjust (oneself) to (使自己)适应
adjust sth. to 把某物调整到……
(2)adjustment n. 调整, 调节, 适应
make an adjustment 做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的, 可调节的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①As for how to adjust _______(you) to the new school life here quickly, I’d
like to give you some advice.
②The government is striving to better the public transportation system, with
new subway lines constructed and bus routes ________(adjust).
③That process of __________(adjust) can polish his or her character to be
suitable for social living.
④More expensive cameras have _________(adjust) focusing.
yourself
adjusted
adjustment
adjustable
5. accustomed adj. 习惯于; 惯常的
【写作金句】 Only in the way, can you accustom yourself to learning more knowledge actively and enhance your self-education ability in university.
只有用这种方法, 你才能让自己习惯于在大学里积极地学习更多的知识, 增强你的自学能力。
【语块必记】
(1)become/get/grow/be accustomed to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于
accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯于;
养成……的习惯
(3)(同义词)be used to (doing) sth.
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I’m accustomed to ________(listen) to some light music before sleep.
②The students quickly accustomed __________(they) to the new timetable,
which excited the teachers.
③She was a person __________(accustom) to having eight hours’ sleep a night.
listening
themselves
accustomed
④习惯于生活在农村, 我发现很难在城市生活。 (一句多译)
____________________living in the countryside, I found it hard to live in the
city. (现在分词作状语)?
=__________________living in the countryside, and I found it hard to live in the
city. (并列句)?
=_____________living in the countryside, I found it hard to live in the city.
(过去分词作状语)?
Accustoming myself to
I was accustomed to
Accustomed to
【误区释疑】 以上短语中to均为介词, 后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。
6. familiar adj. 通晓; 熟悉
【文化金句】 Readers familiar with Chinese history will be attracted by her rich and colorful cultures.
熟悉中国历史的读者都将会被她丰富多彩的文化所吸引。
【语块必记】
be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉
be familiar with 对……熟悉, 通晓, 精通
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Anyone seeking to paint the 18th century rooms needs to be familiar ____the
way colour was disposed within a room.
②These folk tunes which are familiar __the local people are known all over the
world now.
完成句子
③Your similar experience will quickly _____________________________
__________(使你自己和工友们熟悉起来). ?
with
to
make yourself familiar with your
workmates
【误区释疑】
(1)be familiar to的主语可以是人, 也可以是物, 宾语通常是人; be familiar with的主语通常是人, 宾语是所熟悉的人或物。
(2)be similar to与……相似
Part 2 重点短语句式
7. let alone 更不用说
【文化金句】 The gray sky and the haze make it difficult for us to even breathe, let alone appreciate the beauty of spring. 灰色的天空和雾霾, 使我们难以呼吸, 更不用说欣赏春天的美了。
【语块必记】
let/leave sb. alone 别烦/不打扰某人
let/leave sth. alone 别碰某物; 别管某事
let sb. down 使某人失望
let out 使出来, 放出; 出租(某物); 泄露(秘密)
let in 使进来, 进入
【语境速测】 完成句子
①He could barely keep body and soul together ________support his family. ?
他连自己的生活都难以维持, 更不用说养家了。
②You’re to ______________as long as I can keep him from crossing over. ?
只要我不让他过去, 你就别去打扰他。
③An untidy lad _________and took him into a drawing-room. 一位衣冠不整的
小伙子出来招呼他进去, 领他进了一间客厅。?
let alone
leave him alone
let him in
8. take up占据(时间或空间); 开始从事; 接着, 继续; 拿起; 接受
【写作金句】 Writing in another language demands so much effort that it takes up all my attention.
用另外一种语言写作太费劲, 我得全力以赴才行。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①That big clock will have to go, it takes up too much space in the small hall.
( )
②They no longer have to take on large numbers of temporary workers to do
the harvesting. ( )
③Joan took up the story when her sister forgot the next detail. ( )
④After a slow start, the plan soon took off and was accepted by all the
directors. ( )
⑤He did not take in what he read because his mind was on something
else. ( )
占据
雇用
继续
成功
理解
9. Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. 许多外国人很难适应这种做法。?
【写作金句】 I know mostly you have trouble in speaking English fluently and have no idea how to improve it.
我知道你们大部分人难以流利地说英语, 并且不知道该如何提高。
【句型公式】
(1)have trouble(in)doing sth. 意为 “做某事有困难” , trouble为不可数名词, 前面可加修饰词much, little, no等;
(2)trouble可换用difficulty, 也可以是a problem或者problems, 意思不变;
(3)若trouble/difficulty/a problem/problems后跟名词, 常用介词with连接。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Whenever we have trouble ____our studies, our teachers help us patiently.
②Do you like rap music? I have trouble _____________(understand) the words.
③You never imagine the trouble we had __________(overcome) the culture shock.
with
understanding
overcoming
【误区释疑】
(1)对于句式have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth. 的考查, 常把trouble/difficulty提前, 后跟定语从句, 省略介词in, 导致have与后面的动名词连在一起, 要注意辨别。
(2)本句式中的trouble和difficulty都是不可数名词。
【备选要点】
1. ensure vt. 保证; 担保; 确保
【写作金句】 Knowledge alone can’t ensure you a success.
只有知识还不能确保你获得成功。
【语块必记】
(1)ensure (doing) sth. 保证(做)某事
ensure sb. sth. = ensure sth. for sb.
保证/确保某人(得到)某物
ensure sb. from/against. . . 保护某人免受……的伤害
ensure that. . . = make sure that. . .
确保/保证……
(2)insurance n. 保险
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Only in this way can we ensure their ______(have) a good future as other kids.
②There must be safety devices to ensure workers ___________accidents.
③Proper clothing ensured us against ________(suffer)from the cold.
④Your experience in teaching will ensure a post ___you.
⑤必须采取措施确保更多的物种免受灭顶之灾。(一句多译)
Measures should be taken to ensure ______________________________________. ?
=Measures should be taken to ensure that ______________________________. ?
having
against/from
suffering
for
more species from/against becoming extinct
more species won’t become extinct
2. account n. 描述; 叙述
【文化金句】 The old soldier gave us a vivid account of the Long March.
那位老战士绘声绘色地给我们叙述了长征的故事。
【语块必记】
(1)take sth. into account/take account of sth.
考虑到……; 把……计算在内
on account of 由于, 因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时, 句子用部分倒装)
(2)vt. 认为 vi. 解释; 占(……的比例)
account for (在数量和比例上)占, 占据; 是……的原因; 对……做出解释和说明
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It is critical that business goals and technical issues and requirements be
taken ____account in the course of design.
②In developing a design, one has to take account __many factors.
语段填空
③Mark was stopped from returning home ____________(由于)the sudden rain.
Besides, ______________________(考虑到安全), he decided to stay in the tent for
another night. These ____________(做出解释)his absence from school. ?
into
of
on account of
taking safety into account
accounted for
【熟词生义】 读句子悟含义
He paid the money into his bank account. ( )
账户
3. show somebody around 带领某人参观、游览
【文化金句】 My foreign friend is visiting China next week, and I have promised to show him around the Great Wall. 我的外国朋友下个星期来中国参观, 我已经答应陪他游览长城了。
【语块必记】
【语境速测】 用合适的介词、副词填空
①Part of the nurse’s job is to show people __to the doctor’s office.
②He promised to come on Tuesday but he never showed ___.
③Now that you are all here, let me show you _______our farm.
④He has a very expensive wristwatch and he misses no opportunity to show it
___.
in
up
around
off
4. reception n. 招待会; 接待; 接受
【写作金句】 His talk was given an enthusiastic reception. 他的讲话受到热烈的欢迎.
【语块必记】
(1)a reception room 接待室
a wedding reception 婚宴
at a reception 在招待会上
give/hold a reception 举行招待会/欢迎会
(2)receive vt. 收到; 遭受; 接待
receiver n. 收受者; 接收器; (电话)听筒
received adj. 被承认的; 被一致认可的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He was received to the ________(receive) as an honored guest.
②Just as I put the telephone _______(receive) down, the doorbell rang.
③I was well ________(receive) by my fellow-pupils; treated as an equal by
those of my own age.
④She appeared __the reception with splendid jewels.
reception
receiver
received
at
5. celebration n. 庆典; 庆祝活动
【文化金句】 National Day is set in China in celebration of the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.
中国设立国庆节, 是为了庆祝中华人民共和国的成立。
【语块必记】
(1)in celebration of 为了庆祝
(2)celebrate vt. 庆祝
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①In my opinion, the __________(celebrate)of western holiday is a good way of
learning the western cultures.
②As the most important festival in China, the Spring Festival ___________
(celebrate) by most of the Chinese all over the world. ?
③The Chinese community here are shooting off fireworks __celebration of the
Chinese New Year.
celebration
is celebrated
in
【熟词生义】 读句子悟含义
He sees the poem as a celebration of human love. ( )
n. 赞美; 颂扬
6. expectation n. 期望; 盼望
【文化金句】 We are suffering from extreme tiredness and severe anxiety when we fail to meet parents’ expectations. 当我们没能达到父母的期望时, 我们会遭受极端疲惫和严重焦虑的折磨。
【语块必记】
(1)meet/live up to one’s expectations 不负所望
beyond (all) expectations 料想不到
in expectation of 期待, 指望; 预计
(2)expect vt. 预料, 期待
expect that. . . 预料/期待……
expect (sb. ) to do sth. 期望(某人)做某事; 预料(某人)做某事
be expected to do sth. 被期望或预期做某事
(3)unexpected adj. 出乎意料的
unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地; 意外地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I am writing to you in __________(expect) of obtaining the volunteer work as
a volunteer in the hospital.
②As high school students, firstly, we are ________(expect) to wear the school
badge and school uniform when at school.
③I meant to help him; ____________(expect) I have brought him trouble.
④Stephen Chase had determined to live ___to the expectations of the Company.
expectation
expected
unexpectedly
up
7. have power over 控制; 支配
【写作金句】 Supporters say minority parents do not have enough power over their children’s education.
支持者称少数家长对于子女的教育缺乏力度。
【语块必记】
come into power 上台; 掌权; 开始执政
be in power 当权, 执政
beyond one’s power 为某人能力所不及; 超出某人的能力范围
in/within one’s power 在某人的能力/权力范围内
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Permit us to show them that they _________________(没有控制……的权力)
any man. ?
②When did the labour government _______________(上台)? ?
③How long should a president be allowed to remain ________(在职; 执政)? ?
④The decision is in the hand of him, I couldn’t do the things ________________
(超出我的能力范围). ?
have no power over
come into power
in power
beyond my power
8. It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that. 看到新来的外教们努力地适应那么做很有意思。?
【写作金句】 It is funny reading words that move on the screen instead of standing still.
读这些在屏幕上移动的字而不是静止不动的字, 真好玩。
【语块必记】
(1)It is funny doing sth. 做某事好玩/好笑。
此句式中it为形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的动名词短语doing sth. 。
(2)类似句式还有:
It is no use doing sth. /It is hardly any use doing sth.
做某事没用
It is useless doing sth. 做某事没用
It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事浪费时间
【语境速测】 完成句子
①It felt funny ____________________. ?
看到自己在电视上觉得很好玩。
②From my point of view, it is ____________________the Internet. ?
在我看来, 上网是浪费时间。
③Complaining without taking action is useless. (同义句改写)
→____________________without taking action. ?
watching myself on TV
a waste of time surfing
It’s no use complaining
核心素养测评十八 Unit 3 Understanding each other
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2020·青岛模拟)
If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself. It is not a good idea to use ways that cause hurt, even if they would help you make a valid point. If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face. You should only bring it up if you don’t have a choice. Then, you should make sure that you do it respectfully.
Even if a family member intentionally goes against reasonable wishes you may have, you should understand that people see even the most fundamental things in very different ways. Remember that people are different. If you consider any noise after midnight to be intolerable, for example, others may see it is completely acceptable. It can take them a great deal of time to change their behavior for a demand that they do not understand.
Think about the family conflicts that you are worried about now. Check to see if your parents had similar problems. People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior. Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with.
Understand that memories tend to change. In long-standing family disputes, all parties involved tend to have completely different recollections of the original problem.
Families are a curious concept — while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble. When you feel resentment for someone, think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you. Think about how you care for the other person.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突。
1. Which of the following does the author agree with according to the first paragraph?
A. To fight back to defend yourself.
B. To target the problem, not the person.
C. To deal with a man as he deals with you.
D. To hurt each other when angry.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face. 可知如果家庭成员指责你不应该这样做, 而你却回想到他/她以前也这么做过, 这时候讲出这件事打他们的脸则是不礼貌的做法。从而可以推断出, 我们要就事论事, 不针对个人。故选B。
2. What does the underlined word “resentment” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Curiosity. B. Kindness.
C. Concern. D. Anger.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble. 中的annoyed提示, 和后句think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you. 请想一想: 如果他/她陷入麻烦, 你会怎么做? 这会让你缓和对他/她的态度, 从而可以猜测出resentment为“怨恨”之意。故选D。
3. Which of the following statements may the author approve of?
A. Family members share the same memories over family disputes.
B. Parents should set a good example in a family.
C. It’s easy for people to agree on different ideas.
D. You can defend yourself by throwing facts back.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior. 可知, 如果父母总是争吵, 在这种情况下成长的人往往也会重复同样的行为。从而可以推断, 父母应该在家庭中树立一个好榜样。故选B。
4. What is the best title of the passage ?
A. Think about How You Care for Other Persons
B. Learn to Concern about Family Members
C. How to Deal with Family Conflicts Wisely
D. Learn to Accept Each Other in a Family
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself. 和全文内容可知, 文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突, 故选C。
【知识拓展】长难句分析
People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior.
分析: 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。第一个定语从句who grow up with parents修饰先行词people, 第二个定语从句who fight unfairly修饰先行词parents。
翻译: 那些在吵架的父母身边长大的人经常重复相同的行为。
B
Actress Danai Gurira calls herself a Zimerican. Her parents came from Zimbabwe. She was born in the American State of Iowa. But her family moved back to Harare, Zimbabwe when she was five years old. She returned to the United States for college and has lived there ever since.
“I was always in a hodgepodge of culture, ” she said. “There’s no other identity I know, really. ” The actress may be best known as Michonne, the zombie-killer in the television series The Walking Dead. But when Gurira is not killing zombies, she is busy with other projects. She recently played rapper Tupac Shakur’s mother in a film. And she is now busy racing between theaters for two plays in New York City — plays that she wrote.
Her play Familiar is an off-Broadway comedy-drama. It centers on the cultural clashes between American and African traditions. The play takes place in the State of Minnesota. The eldest daughter of Zimbabwean parents is getting married to a white man. The story was taken from her own observations. Gurira said, “I was at a wedding and I was just struck by all of my family’s absurdities - and my own included. And I just knew I couldn’t not write about it! ”The upper middle-class life of Familiar may seem familiar to many American audiences.
But the setting of her play Eclipsed — Gurira’s Broadway debut (首次登台) — is something else entirely. Gurira decided to write Eclipsed after reading a New York Times story about the civil war in Liberia, and the young women who fought in it. She described it like this. “These were like 22-, 23-year-old girls, women, who had, like you know, little skimpy jeans on, little skimpy tops, and really looked cool and hip and current and then, they had these big AK-47s on their backs. ” Gurira went to Liberia and met with women who were former soldiers and peace negotiators. She wrote the play based on their stories.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文, 讲述的是女演员达娜·古瑞拉将在非洲的生活经历带入美国, 并结合自身的经历进行戏剧创作和演出, 而这些体现了不同文化之间的碰撞。
5. The underlined word “hodgepodge” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “ ”. ?
A. center B. dispute
C. understanding D. mixture
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据文章第一段可知, 达娜·古瑞拉出生于美国, 后随家人搬回津巴布韦, 然后返回美国接受大学教育, 之后便一直生活在美国。因此, 达娜·古瑞拉接受着多民族、多文化的教育。由此可推测, hodgepodge意为“大杂烩”, 与mixture意思相近。故选D项。
6. What can we learn about Familiar?
A. It is a reflection of culture shock.
B. Gurira is getting married to a white man as the eldest daughter.
C. Gurira was sorry for her wedding in the U. S.
D. The story is from a magazine.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“It centers on the cultural clashes between American and African traditions. ”可知, 戏剧Familiar以美国和非洲的文化冲突为主要关注点, 因此是文化冲突的表现。故选A项。
7. What’s the best title of the text?
A. Culture Is the Key to Solving Problems
B. Actress Brings African Experiences to America
C. A Good African Writer
D. No Discrimination, No War
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了女演员达娜·古瑞拉将非洲的生活经历带入美国, 在她创作和演出的戏剧中体现非洲元素的故事, 因此B项作为文章标题最适合。A项强调了文化的重要性, C项强调她是一位优秀的非洲作家, D项强调歧视和战争的关系, 都没有从全文着眼, 故排除。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句 世纪金榜导学号
Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars. 1 The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson. ?
2 Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from $15 to $99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban what is called “distracted walking”. It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says, “No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device. ” 3 ?
The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cellphone, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers. 4 Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers. ?
Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cellphones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent between 2010 and 2015. That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6, 000, 11% higher than in 2015.
5 The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C. , Puerto Rico, Guam and the U. S. Virgin Islands, have laws against texting while driving. ?
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.
A. The law does permit an exception.
B. Other U. S. cities may follow Honolulu.
C. But do they also teach them to put away their cellphones?
D. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city.
E. Do you like Honolulu’s new law that bans texting while walking?
F. In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.
G. The law’s creator hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了夏威夷的檀香山通过立法来限制人们在步行时分心。
1. 【解析】选C。根据上句Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars父母通常会教他们的孩子如何安全地穿过马路, 方法是看路两边的车。后边是转折, C项但他们是否也教孩子们放下手机呢? 符合文意, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选D。根据下句Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from $15 to $99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. 10月24日开始, 如果你在街上看手机就会被罚款。D项过马路时发短信很快就会在城市里被禁止。符合文意, 故选D。
3. 【解析】选F。根据上句No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device, 可知F项换句话说, 过马路时不要看屏幕, 否则你可能会被罚款。符合文意, 故选F。
4. 【解析】选A。根据下句Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers. 行人可以在街道上使用这样的设备来呼叫急救服务和救援人员, 比如消防员和警察, 可知这是有例外的, A项符合文意。
5. 【解析】选B。根据下句The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. 2007年华盛顿州是第一个禁止驾驶分心的州, 可知美国其他的城市可能会效仿檀香山, B项描述符合文意, 故选B。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你们班级的节目“哈姆雷特(Hamlet)”将参加下个月学校“英语文化节”话剧(drama)比赛, 你给度假中的外教Mr Hurst写一封电子邮件, 并附上节目录像, 请他给予你相关的指导。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Mr Hurst,
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文1】
Dear Mr Hurst,
I am sorry to disturb you while you are enjoying your vacation. I am writing on behalf of my classmates for your advice.
Recently we have been busy preparing Hamlet for the Drama Competition to be held next month, which is an important event in our school’s English Cultural Festival. With the attached video of our rehearsal, I sincerely hope you could offer your guidance on our performance. I would also appreciate it if you could share your valued opinion on our costumes, acting skills and onstage light and sound effects. Any suggestions are highly appreciated.
I do hope you’ll enjoy your holiday!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文2】
Dear Mr Hurst,
I am sorry to trouble you during your vacation. My classmates and I would like to ask for your help.
Our school is having a Drama Competition next month as part of an English Cultural Festival, and we have been working hard on our performance of Hamlet. I have sent a video of us practicing our play. Could you please tell us what you think of our performance and acting? Also, is there anything we can do to improve our clothing, light and sound effects?
We look forward to your ideas and thank you for your help.
I do hope you’ll enjoy your holiday!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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