Unit 5 First aid
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Bethany Simpson, a pupil at St Columb Major Academy, Cornwall, bravely stepped in when her stepfather Robert Hoskins stopped breathing on March 15. She delivered CPR (心肺复苏术) before the ambulance arrived.
Bethany's mother Jane and Robert were watching TV in bed when both of them had fallen asleep, but Jane woke up and noticed Robert's breathing had become weak and hard. Jane quickly called 999 and followed the operator's advice, including moving him onto his side to make him more comfortable. But when Robert stopped breathing completely and the operator told her to give CPR, Jane completely froze.
“I panicked (恐慌) and said‘I can't do it’， ” said Jane. “Fortunately, Bethany heard me scream, came into the bedroom and said ‘It's OK, Mum. I know what to do. ’ She was so confident and took charge.” Bethany performed CPR that kept Robert alive.
Robert, who is now recovering at home, said, “I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid. If it wasn't for them and Bethany, I wouldn't be here.” The ten-year-old says she doesn't believe she is a hero. “I'm just glad my dad is still here, ” she added.
Both Robert and Jane believe the government should ask all schools to teach first aid. “This incident just shows why it's important to teach everyone first aid—especially in schools, ” said Jane. “Without my daughter and the training St John Ambulance gave her, Robert would be dead and I would be heartbroken. I'm so proud of Bethany and so grateful.”
【语篇解读】 一位10岁的小女孩在继父心脏病发作时，给他实施心肺复苏术，使继父得救。
1．When the operator told Jane to give CPR, she________.
A．followed the advice
B．called an ambulance
C．didn't know what to do
D．asked her daughter for help
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段中“I panicked (恐慌) and said‘I can't do it’， said Jane.”可知，简不知道如何实施心脏复苏术。
2．We can infer from the text that Bethany ________.
A．had trouble performing CPR
B．hadn't learned CPR before the incident
C．was taught how to perform CPR by phone
D．had some knowledge of CPR before the incident
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第三段最后两句和第四段“I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid.”以及最后一段倒数第二句可推知，Bethany在继父的事发生之前接受过CPR的培训。
3．What did Jane learn from the incident?
A．It's easy for one to master first aid.
B．First aid is especially useful to kids.
C．Everyone should be equipped with first-aid knowledge.
D．Children should be taught first aid as early as possible.
解析：选C 细节理解题。分析最后一段可知，简从这个事件中体会到急救知识的重要性，并强调所有学校都应该教给孩子这项技能。
B
External Bleeding
Apply direct pressure. Place a clean, folded cloth over the injured area and firmly apply pressure. If blood soaks through, do not remove it. Instead, cover that cloth with another one and continue to apply pressure to the wound for 7～10 minutes. If the bleeding is from the ear, place a clean bandage over the ear, lay the victim on his side, and allow the blood to drain out through the bandage.
Elevate the injury. Position the wounded part of the body above the level of the heart if possible while you apply direct pressure. Know the pressure points. If direct pressure and elevation don't sufficiently slow the blood flow, find a pressure point. Large arteries (动脉) found close to the skin's surface supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg. The most common pressure points used during the first aid are located in the upper arms and in the creases (皱纹) above the upper legs. Apply pressure to the closest pressure point to the wound so that the artery is pressed between your fingers and the bone directly behind the artery. If using the pressure point on a leg, you may need to use the heel of your hand instead of your finger.
Resort to a tourniquet (止血带，压脉器). On very rare occasions everything listed above may fail. To prevent the victim from dying, you should apply a tourniquet. Once a tourniquet is applied, it should not be loosened or removed until the victim has reached medical help. Use a tourniquet only if everything listed above has failed. If you use a tourniquet, write down somewhere on the victim the time when it was applied, so medical personnel will know how long it has been in place.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了止血的一些方法和技巧。
4．According to the passage, if a person is wounded and bleeding, you should ________.
A．cover the wound with a clean, folded cloth and press it
B．spread some salve (药膏) on the wound
C．press the wound firmly with your finger
D．place a clean bandage over the wound
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一段第一、二句的信息可知。
5．If blood soaks through the cloth, you should ________.
A．change a clean one immediately
B．wash the wound at once
C．press the wound firmly with your hand
D．cover that one with another one and press the wound
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第一段第三、四句的信息可知。
6．In this passage ________ ways are mentioned to stop blood.
A．four B．three
C．two D．five
解析：选A 推理判断题。第一段两种，第二、三段各一种，共四种。
7．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．it is better to put the injured part above the head to stop bleeding
B．large arteries deep in the muscle supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg
C．we should use a tourniquet first to stop bleeding
D．the most common pressure points lie in the upper arms and in the creases above the upper legs
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段第六句的信息可知。
Ⅱ.语法填空
A woman suddenly 1.________(go) blind in one eye after playing a mobile phone game for a whole week in Guangdong province last month. The unnamed woman admitted to 2.________ (regular) playing the game for seven or eight hours without moving and finally lost 3.________(she) right eyesight.
The game, Arena of Valor,4.________(know) as Honor of Kings, has become hugely popular in China and is due to be released across the US and Europe. Being 5.________ world's most popular online battle game, it already has over 200 million players in China. The battle game 6.________(put) together a team of five players who have to fight others in a fantasy land filled 7.________ characters, and players can buy extra features while playing.
The eye injury follows a series of 8.________(incident)．In June, a child in Shenzhen stole 30,000 yuan (￡ 3,450) from his parents to buy add-ons, and a 13-year-old in Hangzhou, severely injured his legs after jumping from a five-storey building to escape from his father 9.________ was trying to stop him playing.
In a country in which 60 percent of the population has a smartphone, the game has been highly 10.________(success), partly because it is free to play.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了广东的一位女士因玩手机游戏而使右眼失明的事件，并分析了一款手机游戏的特点、受欢迎的原因等。
1．解析：该句中的时间状语为“last month”，所以此处用一般过去时。
答案：went
2．解析：此处表示“这位不知姓名的女士承认经常一动不动地玩七八个小时的游戏”。此处应用副词修饰动词“playing”，故填regularly。
答案：regularly
3．解析：根据空后的“right eyesight”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填her。
答案：her
4．解析：此处表示“这款名为Arena of Valor的游戏，通称为《王者荣耀》，在中国很受欢迎”。be known as“以……而著称”，此处known为过去分词作定语。
答案：known
5．解析：此处表示“它成为世界上最受欢迎的网络对战游戏，在中国已经拥有超过两亿的玩家”。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the。
答案：the
6．解析：因为此处描述的是客观存在的情况，所以用一般现在时，又因主语为第三人称单数，故填puts。
答案：puts
7．解析：此处表示“这款对战游戏由五名玩家组建一个队，他们不得不在一片充满很多人物的虚构土地上与其他人战斗”。be filled with意为“充满，装满”，此处“filled”为过去分词作定语。
答案：with
8．解析：根据固定结构“a series of＋可数名词复数”可知，此处用名词的复数。
答案：incidents
9．解析：分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为father，又因关系代词在从句中作主语，所以此处用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。
答案：who/that
10．解析：此处表示“这款游戏已经非常成功，在一定程度上是由于它是免费的”。此处用形容词successful作表语。
答案：successful
1． breathe v．呼吸
2． operator n．接线员
3． scream v．尖叫
4． confident adj.有信心的
5． heartbroken adj.心碎的
Bethany's mother Jane and Robert were watching TV in bed when both of them had fallen asleep， but Jane woke up and noticed Robert's breathing had become weak and hard.
[分析] 这是一个并列复合句。be doing...when...意为：正在做……就在这时……；but在句中表示转折；and连接谓语动词woke和noticed。
[翻译] 柏森的妈妈詹妮和罗伯特在床上看着电视就睡着了，詹妮醒来发现罗伯特的呼吸已经变得很弱很艰难。
课件18张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading语 篇 理 解基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固语 篇 理 解能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Section Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.七选五
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
Color is fundamental in home design—something you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional？Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？__1__， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. __2__， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones and the large ones.
__3__.They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. __4__.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.__5__.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用， 并介绍了三种设计方案。
1．解析：选B 上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到“making a room feel the way you want it to feel”可知，此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。
2．解析：选A 结合第二段第一句中的“a number of different techniques”以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示“虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂”，故A项符合语境。
3．解析：选D 第二段最后一句出现了“the small ones, the medium ones and the large ones”， 第三段提到了“small color choices”，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲“the small ones”，故选D。
4．解析：选G 第四段最后一句提到了“a bigger commitment than smaller ones”和“a more powerful effect”可知，此处是和上文中的“small color choices”作对比，故选G。
5．解析：选F 根据第五段第二句提到的“the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. __1__， illness or accidents may occur without any __2__. Frequently the person who is __3__ can be cared for at home if there is someone who can __4__ him under the doctor's __5__. Sometimes arrangements can be __6__ for a visiting nurse to give the necessary __7__ once a day, or often, if necessary. The responsible one at home __8__ on with the rest of the care during the interval (间隔) between the nurse's __9__.
The rapid diagnosis (诊断) and __10__ treatment on the spot of an accident or sudden illness, __11__ waiting for the arrival of doctors, is called first aid and quite __12__ from the home nursing.
When illness does come, the __13__ family is affected. Many adjustments have to be made __14__ the family routine needn't be disturbed (打乱) completely. Often it can be __15__ with home duties simplified (简化) to __16__ time and energy, thus reducing strain (压力) on the family.
The __17__ work for giving nursing care is usually __18__ by one person, frequently the mother. __19__， in order that she may have some rest, or __20__ she herself is ill, other members of the family should learn how to help when sickness occurs.
【语篇解读】 每个人都想健康、快乐， 但疾病或事故难免发生，因此懂得一些家庭护理知识就尤为重要了。
1．A.Sometimes B．Unfortunately
C．Actually D．Naturally
解析：选B sometimes“有时”；unfortunately“不幸地”；actually“事实上”；naturally“自然地”。上文说“人人都想健康快乐”，然后笔锋一转，“疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，上下文有明显的句意转折，只有unfortunately可以表达出这层意义。
2．A.reason B．notice
C．warning D．signal
解析：选C reason“原因”；notice“通知”；warning“警报”；signal“信号”。without warning意为“没有预兆，没有警报”，“疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，与上文中的“人人都想健康快乐”相呼应。
3．A.weak B．patient
C．ill D．healthy
解析：选C weak“虚弱的”；patient“耐心的”；ill“生病的”；healthy“健康的”。因前面提到“疾病”，后面又提到“cared for”，由此可以推知C项正确。
4．A.wait for B．look for
C．look after D．look at
解析：选C wait for“等待”；look for“寻找”；look after“照顾”；look at“看……”。生病的人应是得到家人的照顾，即选择“look after”。
5．A.introduction B．control
C．decision D．direction
解析：选D introduction“介绍”；control“控制”；decision“决定”；direction“指导”。家人对病人的照顾，应在医生的指导(direction)下进行。
6．A.done B．made
C．placed D．supplied
解析：选B make arrangements为固定短语，意思是“作安排”。
7．A.look B．cure
C．treatment D．training
解析：选C look“看”；cure“治愈”；treatment“治疗”；training“训练”。根据上下文意思，此处应指“治疗”。
8．A.works B．carries
C．looks D．depends
解析：选B work on“继续工作”；carry on“继续开展，继续进行”；look on“袖手旁观”；depend on“依靠”。由句意可知此处应选B。
9．A.words B．letters
C．visits D．hopes
解析：选C word“话语，单词”；letter“信件，字母”；visit“探望，参观”；hope“希望”。家人在家照顾病人，但护士还要按时过来看看，因此C项为正确答案。
10．A.immediate B．quick
C．early D．late
解析：选A immediate“即刻的，直接的”；quick“迅速的”；early“早的”；late“晚的，迟到的”。一旦发生事故，我们应该立刻进行急救，因此应用immediate。
11．A.before B．while
C．as D．where
解析：选B before“在……之前”；while“在……的时候”；as“当……的时候”；where“到……的地方”。急救应是在等医生到来的过程中进行。
12．A.similar B．different
C．urgent D．separate
解析：选B similar“相似的”，常与to连用；different“不同的”，常与from连用，意为“与……不同”；urgent“紧急的”；separate“单独的，各自的”。此处指“急救和家庭护理有很大不同”。
13．A.big B．half
C．whole D．all
解析：选C big“大的”；half“一半的”；whole“整个的”，位于冠词the的后面；all“所有的”，位于冠词the的前面。指整个家庭时要用“the whole family”。
14．A.and B．but
C．unless D．since
解析：选B 上下文有明显的转折关系。句意：需要作出许多调整，但正常的家庭常规没有必要被完全打乱。
15．A.learned B．tried
C．solved D．rearranged
解析：选D learn“学习”；try“尝试”；solve“解决”；rearrange“重新安排”。既然不想完全打乱家庭常规，就必须对其进行重新安排。
16．A.save B．waste
C．get D．lose
解析：选A save“节省，拯救”；waste“浪费”；get“得到”；lose“失去”。将家庭事务简单化，目的是节省(save)时间和精力。
17．A.technical B．entire
C．all D．reasonable
解析：选B technical“技术的，工艺的”；entire“整个的，完全的”；all“所有的”；reasonable“合情合理的”。表达一整件事，应用entire。
18．A.got B．done
C．made D．sent
解析：选B do the work“做工作”；get the work“得到工作”；make和send不与the work连用。
19．A.Consequently B．Moreover
C．Unexpectedly D．However
解析：选D consequently“因此”；moreover“此外”；unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；however“然而”。上下文的意思有着明显的转折关系，应用however。
20．A.in fact B．in case
C．as a result D．on the contrary
解析：选B in fact“事实上”，在句子中作状语；in case是连词，意为“万一”；as a result“因此”；on the contrary意为“相反”。由句意知此处应该用in case。
1． fundamental adj.基本的
2． approach v．接近；达到
3． visual adj.视觉的
4． significant adj.重要的
5． changeable adj.多变的
课件9张PPT。Section Ⅱ Learning about Language
& Using Language基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升点 击 进 入Section Ⅲ Grammar
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Preparing for a medical emergency involving your pet is always best accomplished before the event takes place. This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency access.
VeterinaryPartner. com has provided this complete reference book online for you to skim through, expanding your knowledge of the dog's and cat's first aid. However, we encourage you to buy the book to keep in your home or car as a quick reference during an emergency.
This book is an emergency preparedness ready-reference for dogs and cats. Wise preventive measures, intelligent use of first aid principles, coupled with recognition of abnormal symptoms and treatment of disorders, diseases, and problems，lead to effective health care.
A working knowledge of this information will help you get rid of some potentially dangerous circumstances and help you prepare for emergency situations.
It includes information on what to do and what not to do in specific emergency situations. The authors encourage careful reading and occasional rereading. We have tried to make this book easy to understand, avoiding technical terms as often as possible, but defining them in context when they are necessary.
【语篇解读】 如果你的宠物狗或猫生病了或需要实施急救怎么办？本文将给你推荐一本既可以在网上浏览也可以购买的参考书。
1．What's the purpose of this passage?
A．To introduce a book, a reference about first aid for dogs and cats.
B．To introduce a website.
C．To introduce a working knowledge.
D．To encourage careful reading.
解析：选A 推理判断题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了一本(可以在网上浏览，也可以购买的)关于宠物狗、宠物猫疾病诊断及急救的参考书。
2．Why are we advised to buy the book?
A．Because it's very cheap.
B．Because it contains a working knowledge of information about dogs and cats.
C．Because it contains information on specific emergency situations.
D．Because you can keep it at hand and find knowledge of the dog's or cat's first aid in case of an emergency.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段可知，如果买下这本书放在家里或者车里，就可以在狗或猫遇到紧急情况的时候，在书中查阅到有关知识，以便实施急救。
3．Which is NOT true about the book?
A．It can enlarge the readers' knowledge of the dog's and cat's first aid.
B．It contains the knowledge of recognition of abnormal symptoms of dogs and cats.
C．Although it contains a lot of technical terms, it is easy to understand.
D．You can read it on VeterinaryPartner.com.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由最后一段可知，该书通俗易懂，因为它尽可能地避免了使用专业术语(technical terms)，由此判断C项错误。
4．What does the underlined word “veterinary” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．应急的 B．兽医的
C．紧急的 D．资助的
解析：选B 词义猜测题。由前文的“transport your pet...(将你的宠物送到……)”可知动物病了，肯定是送到宠物医院，所以该单词的意思是“兽医的”。
B
Centuries after Shakespeare wrote about King Lear's symptoms, there's still no perfect way to care for sufferers of dementia(痴呆症)．In the Netherlands, however, a radical idea is being tested：self-contained “villages” where people with dementia shop, cook, and live together safely.
Properly attending to people who suffer from dementia is a challenging and increasingly expensive task, and it is only going to get harder. Basically, under no circumstances are we prepared for the future that awaits us in terms of taking care of these patients.
However, De Hogeweyk, a dementia-focused living center in the small town of Weesp, the Netherlands, could be the answer. Hogeweyk is essentially a walled village, complete with apartment buildings, shops, restaurants, gardens, roads, and more. The creators of Hogeweyk caregiver Yvonne van Amerongen and Dutch architects Molenaar & Bol & VanDillen, say the idea was to design a world that has as much of a resemblance to normal life as possible, without endangering the patients. For example, dementia patients often have random urges to roam around(闲逛)．In most dementia care centers, this is combated with secure lockdowns. At Hogeweyk, however, the boundary of the village is actually the walls of buildings, so patients can ramble in the village without running the risk of wandering away.
Apart from keeping the patients safe, Hogeweyk also keeps them comfortable. People who suffer from dementia have trouble with unfamiliar spaces, so apartments at Hogweyk come in different styles, designed to be as familiar as possible to the patients. The patients also help with jobs like cooking and cleaning. And they can shop, get their hair done and see a movie, all of which gives them a routine and a sense of security.
By treating residents as normal people, Hogeweyk seems to suggest that they aren't really that different, deep down—they just have different needs. Since Hogeweyk has been a massive success for its humane treatment of dementia patients, other care-giving companies all over the world are likely to follow its example.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。荷兰的De Hogeweyk小镇为如何照看老年失智症病患这个全球课题找到一个另类关怀的解决途径！
5．What is the main purpose in building Hogeweyk?
A．To better control dementia patients.
B．To accept dementia patients from all over the world.
C．To provide enough care centers for dementia patients.
D．To let dementia patients live in a comfortable and safe place.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段的描述可知，Hogeweyk的创办者Yvonne van Amerongen的理念是让老年痴呆患者们能过上相对自由，安全且和正常人无多大差异的生 活。
6．What do we know about dementia patients at Hogweyk?
A．They look after one another.
B．They can help to cook and clean.
C．They live in apartments of the same style.
D．They aren't allowed to wander around the village.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第四段中的“The patients also help with jobs like cooking and cleaning.”可知，住在Hogeweyk的老人们也会做些力所能及的工作，比如做饭、打扫。
7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．With more Hogeweyks, there will be fewer dementia patients.
B．The cost of caring for dementia patients will go down.
C．Care facilities like Hogeweyk will be more available.
D．Hogeweyk will join in other care-giving companies.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，Hogeweyk的成功会让全球纷纷效仿，所以将来有望出现更多此类人性化的看护机构。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I witnessed a street accident today, when happened as I was waiting for the green light. Without hesitate, a woman nearby tried to help victims. However, a nurse came and said, “Excuse me, but I am a nurse and I can do it well than you. After all, I had taken a course in first aid. Stepping back, or I cannot work.”The women stepped aside and watched the procedure. Then she said, “If you need a doctor, and I'm just behind you.”The nurse turned and looked at the woman on surprise. Obviously, the nurse went red. Without saying any more, the doctor started to help. In my opinion, they were all responsible and great.
答案：
I witnessed a street accident today, happened as I was waiting for the green light. Without ，a woman nearby tried to help victims. However, a nurse came and said, “Excuse me, but I am a nurse and I can do it than you. After all，I taken a course in first aid. back, or I cannot work.”The stepped aside and watched the procedure. Then she said, “If you need a doctor, and I'm just behind you.”The nurse turned and looked at the woman surprise. Obviously, the nurse went red. Without saying any more, the doctor started to help. In my opinion, they were responsible and great.
1． accomplish v．完成
2． the reference book 参考书
3． expand v．扩大
4． preventive adj.预防的
5． intelligent adj.明智的
This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency access.
[分析] 这是一个较为复杂的简单句。as well as连接两个并列成分。
[翻译] 设计这个系列的目的是帮助指导你做出关于急救的有关重要决定，也帮助你在什么时间怎么样把宠物快速安全地运往兽医站或紧急救助点。
课件13张PPT。Section Ⅲ Grammar基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升基 础 巩 固能 力 提 升点 击 进 入课件28张PPT。Section Ⅳ 单元知识巩固重 点 短 语重 点 单 词话 题 写 作重 点 句 型重 点 单 词帮助某人做某事重 点 短 语重 点 句 型话 题 写 作
