Module 5 Cloning
Section Ⅱ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
能力提升
Ⅰ.七选五
A lot of people seem to believe that successful people spend a majority of their time working overtime and frequently have sleepless nights. 1 In fact, many of the world's smartest people take their weekends to relax and spend time with their family, themselves, and their goals. Here are four habits that successful people have in common.
They follow a hobby that they can practice every day. Successful people know that there is a lot more to life than working, sleeping, and eating. 2 When you're able to pick up a hobby that you can practice every day, it may actually help you become more successful. For example, playing a musical instrument improves motor and analytical skills as well as creativity.
3 When it comes to reading, summarizing is extremely helpful and smart. It helps you look for and find the main points and important details in each paragraph that you read.
They share what they learn with others. It's very important to always learn something new every day. 4 You take in new information and keep it through the books you read and web searches all the time. You have the ability to share that with those around you, and that is extremely meaningful.
They come up with 10 ideas every day. It may sound like a pretty exhausting thing to do at first, but it's one of the most powerful ways to change and improve your life. First, it improves creativity and your problem?solving abilities. 5 Third, it gives your brain that daily mental practice it needs, which will increase your psychological energy.
A．They follow their questions.
B．They summarize what they read.
C．It is very easy to live in our comfort zones.
D．It would be a very big mistake to think this way.
E．It's equally important to share that knowledge with others.
F．Second, it helps to prepare you to respond to almost any situation.
G．That's why the world's smartest people join in one or more activities that they love.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了成功人士的常见生活习惯。
1．解析：选D 本句承上启下，对上一句提到的观点进行评论。
2．解析：选G 本段主要讲述应该追随自己的爱好，根据G项句中的关键表达“one or more activities”可知此项最合适。
3．解析：选B 根据后文内容可知，本段主要说明总结的作用，本句总结了本段的主要内容。根据后文的关键词reading和summarizing可知答案。
4．解析：选E 本句是对上一句观点的延伸，说明了分享所学新知识也是同样重要的。
5．解析：选F 本句是对标题句提到的观点进行认证的三个理由之一。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·西安月考)
I was an unlucky nurse who had to work on Christmas Day. It was always 1 in the emergency room on this day；so I was not expecting any patients. When I was complaining about 2 on such a beautiful festival, five people showed up at my desk—a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick？”I asked in a(n) 3 way because they seemed all right.
“Yes，”the woman answered 4 and lowered her head.
But when they started to present their problems, things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches, 5 the headaches weren't accompanied by normal body languages such as holding the head. Two children had earaches, but neither of them could tell me 6 ear was in pain. The mother complained of a cough, but she seemed to be 7 .
Something was wrong. I didn't say anything but explained that it might take a while 8 a doctor could meet them. “Take your 9 , please，”the mother responded. Then, I checked their charts—no address. Suddenly I knew, they were homeless and the hospital was 10 .
I looked out at the family, gathering together under the Christmas tree, smiling and 11 with each other sweetly. Quietly, I went back to the nurses' station and told them that we had a homeless 12 in the waiting room. It was just like God sending us a 13 on Christmas Day. The nurses' station suddenly came back to 14 . All the nurses went into action, just as we did when there was a real 15 emergency. But this one was “a Christmas emergency”．
We 16 our meals for our Christmas “patients”. We also put together oranges and apples 17 presents. Usually we just tried to 18 the physical needs of our patients. But today, we worked hard to exceed(超越) the needs of a family who only 19 a warm place on Christmas Day.
Later, when the family was leaving, the four?year?old girl ran back and gave me a 20 . “Thanks for being our angel today，”she whispered in my ear.
【语篇解读】 本文叙述了在圣诞节那一天作者所在的医院里发生的事情。一个妇女带着四个孩子来医院假装看病，其实是为了在这里取暖，值班的作者了解了情况后和其他护士一起给这家人提供了食物和礼物。这家人离开时，小女孩亲了作者并说作者是天使。
1．A.quiet B．noisy
C．bright D．dark
解析：选A 根据下文内容可知，作者没有预料到圣诞节那天有病人，因为圣诞节病人一般很少，所以急诊室很安静(quiet)。
2．A.studying B．talking
C．working D．playing
解析：选C 根据上文提到的作者说自己是一个不幸的护士，在圣诞节还必须工作的内容可知，此处指当作者正抱怨着自己在如此美好的节日里还要工作(working)时。
3．A.suspecting B．expecting
C．forgetting D．accepting
解析：选A 因为他们看起来都很健康，所以作者用怀疑的(suspecting)方式问“你们都生病了吗”。
4．A.excitedly B．surprisedly
C．weakly D．strongly
解析：选C 根据空后的“lowered her head”及下文的内容可知，他们都没有生病，而是假装生病以待在暖和的医院里，故此处指的应是这个女士弱弱地回答道。excitedly“激动地”；surprisedly“惊讶地”；weakly“虚弱地”；strongly“强有力地”。
5．A.or B．so
C．and D．but
解析：选D 有两个孩子说头疼，但却未伴随有正常的头疼时的身体语言，例如托着头。前后句为转折关系，故用but。
6．A.what B．which
C．how D．why
解析：选B 两个孩子耳朵疼，但没有一个能告诉作者哪只耳朵疼。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是宾语从句，表示“哪一个”，且此处是有范围的选择，故用which。
7．A.explaining B．understanding
C．promoting D．pretending
解析：选D 句中的“but”说明这个女士不是真咳嗽，似乎是假装(pretend)的。explain“解释”；understand“理解”romote“促进”。
8．A.unless B．before
C．after D．when
解析：选B 作者向他们解释说，医生要过一会儿才能来见他们。before“在……之前”，符合语境。unless“如果不”；after“在……之后”；when“当……时候”。
9．A.money B．breath
C．break D．time
解析：选D 根据下文中的“they were homeless and the hospital was 10 ”及“a family who only 19 a warm place on Christmas Day”可知他们只是想待在医院里，不着急“看病”，故此处指的应是这位母亲回答作者道“请慢慢来”。take your time“慢慢来，别着急”。
10．A.warm B．cold
C．big D．small
解析：选A 根据“on Christmas Day”可知故事发生在冬天，医院里应该是暖和的(warm)。下文中的“a warm place”亦是提示。
11．A.quarreling B．fighting
C．chatting D．competing
解析：选C 作者看到他们聚集在圣诞树下，微笑着，甜蜜地聊着天(chat)。quarrel“争吵”；fight“打仗”；compete“竞争”。
12．A.mother B．family
C．girl D．boy
解析：选B 根据第一段最后一句中的“five people showed up...small children”可知，出现在医院的是一个脸色苍白的女士和四个小孩子，故此处指的应是候诊室里有一个无家可归的家庭(family)。
13．A.job B．luck
C．chance D．gift
解析：选D 根据语境可知，此处指圣诞节时出现的这一家人就好像是上帝给作者和其他护士的礼物(gift)。护士本来就有工作，所以A项不对。luck“运气”；chance“机会”。
14．A.space B．earth
C．life D．school
解析：选C 护士值班室突然间恢复了活力。因为圣诞节一般没什么病人，所以值班的护士也觉得无聊，这家人的出现使他们有事可做。come to life“使人兴奋，变得活跃”。
15．A.traffic B．medical
C．political D．history
解析：选B 所有的护士都行动起来了，就像我们在出现紧急医疗(medical)情况时所做的那样。traffic“交通”olitical“政治的”；history“历史”。
16．A.took out B．gave out
C．turned out D．put out
解析：选A 我们取出自己的饭给了圣诞节“病人”。take out sth. for sb.“取出某物给某人”；give out sth. to sb.“分发某物给某人”；turn out“结果是，证明是”ut out“扑灭”。
17．A.for B．as
C．on D．in
解析：选B 我们把橘子和苹果放在一起作为礼物。as在此意为“作为”。
18．A.meet B．cut
C．increase D．miss
解析：选A 我们通常会试着满足(meet)病人的生理需要。meet the needs“满足需要”。
19．A.built B．escaped
C．wanted D．refused
解析：选C 但是今天，我们努力给这个家庭的远远超越了他们的需求，他们只是想(want)在圣诞节有个温暖的地方。
20．A.cake B．bag
C．kiss D．visit
解析：选C 当这个家庭离开时，四岁的小女孩跑回来给了作者一个吻(kiss)，并在她的耳边低声说道“谢谢你今天成为我们的天使”。
1．analytical adj. 分析的；善于分析的
2．vague adj. 模糊的
3．angel n． 天使
(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Integrating
Skills & Cultural Corner
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
基 础 巩 固
terrified
emotions
rushed
chasing
contrasted
refused
Fear
beneficial
resist
absorbed
waiting
that
had attended
breathe
to recognize
beneficial
from/by
Absorbed
down
being persuaded
Relying
to→with
去掉of后面的the
去掉 the
for→of
brought→bringing
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
首页
末页
骄了之路
the road to pride
让学习更快乐,人生更精彩
(共8张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Grammar
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
基 础 巩 固
hadn't seen
would / could / might have put
might / could / would be
hadn't watched
wouldn't be
would/could live
could /might have telephoned
would /
could / would / might have completed
were
would / could /
might have cooked
had got
will→would
第一个have→had
had前加had
will→would
am→were
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
首页
末页
骄了之路
the road to pride
让学习更快乐,人生更精彩
(共17张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading
and Vocabulary
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
语 篇 理 解
基 础 巩 固
chase
refuse
contrast
rush
nightmare
terrify
disgust
emotion
murder
breathe
fear
burn out
contrast with
throw oneself on...
make a sound
again and again
While studying at university
It was on a cold November night that
had not created
could disappear
语 篇 理 解
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
首页
末页
骄了之路
the road to pride
让学习更快乐,人生更精彩
Module 5 Cloning
Section Ⅲ Grammar
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial (皇家的) family being a good example, have hereditary (遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family diseases, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. Scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal ways. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了基因技术带来的好处。
1．What does “them” in the second paragraph refer to?
A．People with cancer or heart disease.
B．Millions of people with serious diseases.
C．Some diseases doctors can do nothing with.
D．The two illnesses of cancer and heart disease.
解析：选D 代词指代题。根据上文“such as cancer and heart disease”可知答案为D。
2．What can gene technology do according to Paragraph 3?
A．It can help the English imperial family out.
B．It can be used to clone human babies.
C．It can help people to give birth to a baby.
D．It is likely to treat hereditary diseases.
解析：选D 推理判断题。通读第三段可知本段是关于基因被应用于治疗家族遗传病。
3．What are people worried about according to the passage?
A．Human babies may be cloned in a large scale.
B．Healthy human babies will soon be cloned.
C．Scientists may well find the wrong genes.
D．The government may not control gene techs.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities.”可知，人们担心人类婴儿可能被大规模克隆。
4．This passage is mainly written to ________.
A．show gene technology will benefit people
B．show gene technology will do harm as well
C．tell that gene technology is a hot topic
D．tell that gene technology is growing fast
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述基因技术对人类的好处。
B
Anyone who passes regularly through busy public spaces knows that one victim of our obsession with digital devices such as smartphones has been small talk. With our eyes focused on our smartphones, fewer of us make conversation with strangers. But are we missing something in this loss of relaxing small talk?
A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits. In a study published in 2014 in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that daily interactions with casual acquaintances can contribute to day?to?day well?being. Participants(参与者) were asked to record their daily interactions with people connected to them by “strong ties”(family and friends) and “weak ties”(acquaintances). On days when participants had more “weak tie” interactions than usual, they reported a greater sense of belonging and happiness.
In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in 2014, another group of researchers looked at interactions among strangers. They invited 118 commuters(通勤者) at a Chicago?area railway station and gave them one of three roles: to start a conversation on the train, to avoid any conversation and enjoy the solitude(loneliness) or to do whatever they normally do on their commute. In surveys completed afterward, those who were instructed to make conversation with strangers reported “notably more positive” commutes than those who rode in solitude (孤独)．
“Talking with a stranger may not offer the same benefits as talking with a close friend, but we underestimate its importance to us, ” says the study's co?author, Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to “wonderful, short conversations with strangers”．
People overestimate the social risks involved in small talk, adds Dr. Epley, “Most people not only want to talk to you; they'll tell you secret things they may not even tell a family member.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一些重要研究结果说明了闲谈的益处。
5．The first study got the findings from the participants by comparing their ________.
A．strong and weak tie interactions
B．casual and close acquaintances
C．private and public interactions
D．family members and friends
解析：选A 推理判断题。细读第二段可知，这项研究通过比较参与者的“强联系”交际和“弱联系”交际得出了结论。
6．What did the study done on the train find out?
A．People are likely to ride in solitude on the train.
B．Few commuters like to chat with strangers.
C．There are three kinds of train commuters.
D．Chats with strangers bring joy to people.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In surveys completed afterward... who rode in solitude.”可知，这项研究发现，与陌生人的交谈会给人们带来愉快。
7．Which of the following would Dr. Epley probably agree with?
A．It is nicer to talk with strangers than friends.
B．Smartphones may kill small talk with strangers.
C．People fail to realize the importance of friendship.
D．Most strangers prefer to spend time on their phones.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to ‘wonderful, short conversations with strangers’．”可推断，Epley博士应该会认为，智能手机可能会扼杀与陌生人的闲谈。
8．What does the text mainly discuss?
A．The interactions with strangers.
B．The loss of relaxing small talk.
C．The influence of smartphones.
D．The important role of small talk.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了闲谈的益处。第二段首句“A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits.”为文章的中心句。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2019·山西太原五中检测)
When I was a teenager, I dreamed of becoming a writer.However, when I told my friend about my dream, most of them laughed on me, telling me it was out of my reach. I was real upset after I heard those words. But I choose to believe in myself. I didn't give up it and kept writing. I knew it was difficult on a way to success, and I never gave up. I'm a bestselling writer now. I want to suggest those which have dreams believe in them. As long you don't give up, your dream will come true one day.
答案：
When I was a teenager, I dreamed of becoming a writer. However, when I told my eq \f(,) about my dream, most of them laughed eq \f(,) me, telling me it was out of my reach. I was eq \f(,) upset after I heard those words. But I eq \f(,) to believe in myself. I didn't give up it and kept writing. I knew it was difficult on eq \f(,) way to success，eq \f(,) I never gave up. I'm a bestselling writer now. I want to suggest those eq \f(,) have dreams believe in eq \f(,). As long eq \o(∧,\s\do9()) you don't give up, your dream will come true one day.
1．life span 寿命
2．prolong vt. 延长；拉长
3．obsession n． 痴迷
4．acquaintance n． 熟人
5．interaction n． 互动；合作
6．underestimate v． 低估
But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities， for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal ways.
[分析] 本句为for引导的并列句。第一个分句中“cloned babies...quantities”为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作believe的宾语。
[翻译] 但我相信克隆婴儿不会大量出现，因为世界上大多数夫妇都可以以非常正常的方式生育孩子。
(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅳ 单元知识巩固
重 点 单 词
of
at/by
to do
terrifying
refuse
to do
refusal
with/and
with
in
by
to do
with
for
of
fearful
fearless
to
from/by
of
for
of
for
resist
to
resistance
attention
absorbed
absorbing
out of/from
重 点 短 语
down
up
to
to do
doing
it
in
into
out
through
up
重 点 句 型
had seen her off
found it very difficult to talk
The reason why we have to study computer is that
话 题 写 作
首页
末页
骄了之路
the road to pride
让学习更快乐,人生更精彩
Module 5 Cloning
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
There are many ways in which human cloning is expected to benefit humans.
Dr.Richard Seed, one of the leading supporters of human cloning technology, suggests that it may someday be possible to completely change the aging process because of what we learn from cloning.
Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. Heart disease is the number one killer in the US and several other industrialised countries.
There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology, it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, heart failure, and other problems can be cured if human cloning and its technology are not banned.
Though current treatments for infertility (不生育) are getting a fair amount of publicity in the news, they, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. Some data shows that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before.
【语篇解读】 本文作者从几个方面介绍了克隆人技术给人类带来了益处。
1．According to Dr.Richard Seed, we can use cloning technology to ________.
A．produce more animals
B．make people live happily
C．make people look younger
D．cure people of many diseases
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“to completely change the aging process”可知， Richard Seed认为克隆技术可以彻底改变变老的进程。因此推知，克隆技术可以使人们看上去更年轻。
2．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．cloning has already been used to treat heart disease
B．we can treat a man's heart disease by cloning hearts
C．most people in industrial countries suffer from heart disease
D．more people die of heart disease than of other diseases in the US
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，心脏病是美国和其他工业化国家的头号杀手，因此在美国死于心脏病的人要比死于其他疾病的人多。
3．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．With cloning infertile couples could have children.
B．Treatment of infertility is not successful.
C．Infertile couples suffer a lot physically and mentally.
D．It is difficult for couples to have more children now.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。联系全文可知，本文的主题是人类克隆技术。最后一段点明了现在治疗不孕的成功率很低，许多夫妇饱受煎熬，最后说明了利用人类克隆技术可以使不孕的夫妇有自己的孩子，因此A项正确。
4．What is the author's attitude towards human cloning?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Cautious. D．Curious.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章第一句，特别是关键词benefit及第二至五段(都是讲人类克隆技术会给人类带来益处)可推知，作者对人类克隆技术持支持的态度。
B
How to Make the Most of Your Time
Time management is important in our daily life. There never seems to be enough hours in the day to accomplish all you need to do. Here are some tips that might be of some help to you.
Set up a plan. Go through a week at a time, and prioritize the things you want to accomplish. Focus mostly on the things that are important to you.
Control your stress. No matter what kind of pressure mounts on you, try to keep cool. Stressing out can lead to an early breakdown, which is definitely counterproductive when you have a list of things to do. It's easier to take a 10?minute break and cool off than work all week with stress.
Shut your door. When working under a schedule, perform your important tasks with your door shut to get them done. This will ensure the time of a higher quality to get what needs to be done.
Focus on one thing at a time. Forget trying to multitask! You will lose concentration, and it will take you longer to accomplish what you set out to do.
Just say“no”. If you are constantly interrupted, and you really don't have the time to help out, just say“no”. You're only one person, and you can't save the world by yourself!
Stop wasting time on the phone. While talking on the phone, keep your conversations short and to the point, and you'll waste much less time.
Be realistic. You can only do what you can do. Don't set out to accomplish the impossible. Do your best, but keep realistic expectations of yourself.
Relax. The most important thing is to remember to take time to relax, and regroup. You need a break every now and then to keep working efficiently. Even if it's a 10?minute walk, get away from your list and get refreshed.
As people today get busier and busier, it's important for your own mental health to keep things on track. Don't delay; get your life in order now.
【语篇解读】 时间都去哪了？人们常常感叹时间太有限、过得太快，还没干些什么，就已经花了不少时间。那么如何才能充分利用有限的时间做尽可能多的事情呢？读了这篇文章，你就会有所收获。
5．What does the underlined word “prioritize” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Choose something by thinking carefully.
B．Recognize the difference between things.
C．Put many things in order of importance.
D．Get rid of something that is unwanted.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，我们每次应安排一周的工作计划，把自己想完成的事情按重要性排列出来，把大部分注意力集中在重要的事情上。prioritize意为“按重要性排列；划分优先顺序”。
6．We should avoid stressing out because ________.
A．it may cause us to fail to work normally
B．it may limit the speed to get things done
C．we don't have energy to keep working
D．we are supposed to have a break while working
解析：选A 细节理解题。文章第三段中的“Stressing out can lead to an early breakdown...”表明，压力过大可导致身体垮掉，使我们不能够正常地工作。
7．Which statement would the author agree to?
A．Try to multitask, and we can get more done.
B．It is impolite to refuse to help others at work.
C．Having breaks regularly may delay our tasks.
D．It is wise to be aware of what we can achieve.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四点、第五点和第八点可知A、B、C三项是作者所不赞成的。根据文中第七点的内容可知，我们应该现实一点，尽力做好力所能及的事情，故D项切题。
8．By writing the text, the author would like to ________.
A．ask readers to share their time management skills
B．offer some advice on how to make full use of time
C．invite readers to discuss how to improve life quality
D．persuade readers to spend less time on daily routine
解析：选B 文章意图题。根据文章的内容，特别是第一段和最后一段可判断，作者写这篇文章的目的是为读者提出如何高效利用时间的建议。
Ⅱ.语法填空
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years ago. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient people's daily lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, 1. ________ (music) instruments and even weapons.
The 2. ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 B．C., Li Bing, in Sichuan, 3. ________ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played 4. ________ important role. The world's oldest water pipe was also 5. ________ (make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan 6. ________ (success) sank a 1,600?metre?deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe 7. ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology 8. ________ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well?known as 9. ____________ of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when 10. ________ (face) tough situations.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了竹子在中国历史上的广泛应用及竹子所代表的含义。
1．解析：考查形容词。根据词法知识可知， 名词“instruments”前面应用music的形容词形式来修饰， 表示“乐器”。故填musical。
答案：musical
2．解析：考查名词。分析句子成分可知， 该空在句中充当主语， 应用apply的名词形式application, 表示竹子在科学和技术方面的运用。故填application。
答案：application
3．解析：考查动词时态。根据时间状语“In 251 B．C.”可知， 此处叙述的是过去发生的事情， 应用一般过去时；且lead与其主语“Li Bing”之间是主谓关系。故填led。
答案：led
4．解析：考查冠词。play a / an...role in为固定短语， 意为“在……方面起……作用”； 由于important的发音是以元音音素开头的， 故用不定冠词an。故填an。
答案：an
5．解析：考查动词的语态。be made of为固定短语， 意为“由……制成”； 此处表示世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的， 符合语境。故填made。
答案：made
6．解析：考查副词。此处应用success的副词形式修饰动词“sank”。故填successfully。
答案：successfully
7．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知， 这个技术直到19世纪才传播到欧洲。not...until...意为“直到……才”， 符合语境。故填until。
答案：until
8．解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知， 本句为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”这一强调句结构， 故此处应用that, 强调方式状语“by using the technology”。故填that。
答案：that
9．解析：考查代词。根据常识可知， 在中国文化中， 竹子是植物中的“四君子”之一。one of意为“……之一”， 符合语境。故填one。
答案：one
10．解析：考查省略句。分析句子结构可知， 在when引导的时间状语从句中， face与其逻辑主语“people”之间为主动关系， 故此处应用face的现在分词形式， 另外从句中还省略了主语people和be动词are。故填facing。
答案：facing
1．industrialised adj. 工业化的
2．counterproductive adj. 达不到预期目标的
3．refresh v． 爽快；使恢复；使振作
By combining this technology with human cloning technology, it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems.
[分析] 句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为to produce...systems。that为定语从句，修饰先行词organs。
[翻译] 通过将这项技术与人类克隆技术相结合，也许可以为患者制造所需并且他们的免疫系统不会排斥的器官。
