Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe
Section Ⅱ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
能力提升
Ⅰ.七选五
What to Do When Someone Doesn't Like You
When someone tells me “I don't care if people like me”， they are showing me the emotional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection.
As humans are social animals, all of us care if people like us. Based on the need for social connection, your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to outbreaks of depression. __1__
The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction. Ask yourself, “What am I feeling？” __2__ Any betrayal(背叛) or embarrassment in your heart? Identify what feeling has shown up in your body, so you can choose what to do next.
__3__ When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you. Did they truly mean to offend you, or make fun of you? Your brain works very hard to keep you safe, so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm.
When our brains sense a possible threat, we react as if we were personally attacked. Take a breath to relieve the stress. __4__
Finally, if you believe the person doesn't like you, ask yourself if this matters. __5__ If not, what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person? And, what can you do to stay neutral and not return the dislike? The more you can come to accept others as who they are, the more you can move forward with your goals regardless of whether someone likes you or not.
A．If you can, look the person in his eyes.
B．Do you feel any fear or anger in your head?
C．Ask yourself what is true about the situation.
D．Often people do not realize the impact of their words.
E．Will the person's judgment of you impact your work or life?
F．The ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill.
G．This will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了摆脱不受别人喜欢的处境的方法和策略。
1．解析：选F 由空处承接下文“The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction.”可推知，本空是一个承上启下的过渡句，即应对别人的拒绝和负面评价是一种可以学习的技能，下文具体阐述如何达成这种技能，所以选F项。
2．解析：选B 由空处承接上文“Ask yourself, ‘What am I feeling？’”可推知，此处表示个人的感情倾向，与下文“Any betrayal(背叛) or embarrassment in your heart？”呼应，所以选B项。
3．解析：选C 由空处承接下文“When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you.”可知，本段讲的是要搞清楚真实的状况，然后再具体地应对，所以选C项。
4．解析：选G 由空处承接上文“Take a breath to relieve the stress.”可推知，空处应进一步讲这样做的好处，所以选G项。
5．解析：选E 由空处承接上文“Finally, if you believe the person doesn't like you, ask yourself if this matters.”可推知，搞清楚他人的不喜欢对自己是否有影响对接下来的应对很重要，这种影响可能是工作或生活上的，所以选E项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He __1__ played with his classmates, and when asked to answer questions, he always __2__his head without a word.
One spring，his father brought home some saplings(树苗). __3__ of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, “Whoever__4__ his sapling best shall get a gift.” The boy certainly wanted to get the gift. __5__ seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he __6__ an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never __7__ it.
Several days later, he was __8__ to find it not only didn't die, but also grew so many fresh __9__. Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener. His father kept his __10__， bought the boy a gift and said he would become an outstanding__11__after growing up.
From then on, the boy slowly became __12__ and confident. One evening, he suddenly__13__ his biology teacher once said that plants __14__ grow at night. Why not go to see the tree?
When he came to the courtyard, he found his father working near the tree! Instantly he __15__： his father had been secretly __16__ his tree! He returned to his room, tears __17__ in his eyes.
Decades passed. The boy didn't become a botanist.__18__，he became the US President. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
__19__ is the best nourishment(滋养品) of life. __20__ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!
【语篇解读】 本文通过讲述一个关于美国总统罗斯福的故事告诉我们，爱是生命中最好的养料，哪怕只是一桶水，也能使生命之树茁壮成长。
1．A.ever B．seldom
C．still D．often
解析：选B 联系上一句可推知，男孩应该会因为自卑而很少与同学们一起玩。seldom“很少”。
2．A.held B．raised
C．lowered D．covered
解析：选C 当老师让他回答问题时，自卑的孩子应该会“低下”头，一言不发，故用lowered。
3．A.Both B．None
C．One D．Each
解析：选D 根据第5空后的“seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees”可推知，父亲让每一个孩子都种一棵树苗。each“每个”。
4．A.likes B．protects
C．grows D．watches
解析：选C 根据第三段中男孩因为自己种的树更绿而获得了礼物可知，谁种的树最好，谁就会得到父亲的礼物。grow“种植”。
5．A.And B．So
C．Before D．But
解析：选D 联系上下文可知，开始男孩也想得到礼物，但后来他希望自己种的树快点死掉。上下文意思有转折，故用but。
6．A.cared for B．got rid of
C．hit upon D．put forward
解析：选C hit upon an idea意为“突然想出一个主意”，为固定搭配。
7．A.appealed to B．attended to
C．adapted to D．turned to
解析：选B 根据空前的“watering it once or twice”可知，此处指他只给树苗浇了一两次水，从来不照顾它。attend to意为“照顾，料理”。appeal to“呼吁”；adapt to“(使)适应”；turn to“求助于”。
8．A.surprised B．frightened
C．disappointed D．amused
解析：选A 联系下文可知，小树不但没死，反而长出了绿叶，这应该让男孩很吃惊，故用surprised。
9．A.roots B．leaves
C．branches D．seeds
解析：选B 根据下一句中的“appeared greener”可推知，小树长出了许多绿叶。
10．A.word B．balance
C．agreement D．opinion
解析：选A 父亲信守诺言，给男孩买了一件礼物。keep one's word“信守诺言”。
11．A.teacher B．gardener
C．president D．botanist
解析：选D 根据第18空前的“The boy didn't become a botanist.”可知，父亲当时说男孩长大后会成为杰出的植物学家。
12．A.satisfied B．certain
C．optimistic D．independent
解析：选C 文章开头提到男孩自认为很不幸，故此处是指经过这件事后，他慢慢变得“乐观”和自信。
13．A.believed B．recalled
C．repeated D．knew
解析：选B 该空后生物老师曾说过的话应该是男孩突然想到的，故用recall，意为“回想，回忆起”。
14．A.generally B．hardly
C．recently D．voluntarily
解析：选A 根据常识可知，植物“通常”在夜间生长，故用generally。
15．A.remembered B．understood
C．wondered D．admitted
解析：选B 当男孩看到父亲在自己的小树旁劳作时，他显然“明白”了一切。
16．A.cutting B．decorating
C．watering D．fertilizing
解析：选C 根据第20空后的“it is just a bucket of water”可知，父亲是在给小树浇水。
17．A.welling B．falling
C．dropping D．crying
解析：选A 根据空前后的“tears”和“in his eyes”可知，此处应用well，well此处是动词，“溢出，涌出”。男孩回到房间后泪水夺眶而出。
18．A.Therefore B．Besides
C．Moreover D．Instead
解析：选D 男孩后来没有成为植物学家，而是成了美国总统。instead“相反，而”。
19．A.Love B．Water
C．Disability D．Father
解析：选A 联系上文的故事可知，本文强调的是“爱”的力量。
20．A.So long as B．If only
C．Now that D．Even though
解析：选D 即使只是一桶清水，也能使生命之树茁壮成长。even though“尽管，即使”。
1．uneven adj.凹凸不平的
2．outstanding adj.杰出的
(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Integrating
Skills & Cultural Corner
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
基 础 巩 固
witnessed
leapt
historic
foresaw
abstract
sorrow
devotion
consulted
decades
sympathy
is acknowledged
it
relief
as/though
being treated
more expensive
depending
of
to have seen
to solve
seldom后加do
although→as/though
series前加a
out→about
with→to
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
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骄了之路
the road to pride
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(共9张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Grammar
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
基 础 巩 固
how
that
whoever
where
that
that
what
whether
how
where
what→that
As→What
whomever→whoever
what→where
that→where
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
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骄了之路
the road to pride
让学习更快乐,人生更精彩
(共23张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
基 础 巩 固
能 力 提 升
语 篇 理 解
基 础 巩 固
tune
witness
burst
accustomed
historic
assume
patience
advanced
set foot on
take off
so far
slow down
(be) aware of
take risks
make it
in shock
in spite of
at the very beginning of
their hearts in their mouths
seemed to have lost its fear and wonder
to be the first civilian in space
no more dangerous than
语 篇 理 解
能 力 提 升
点 击 进 入
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the road to pride
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Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe
Section Ⅲ Grammar
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations，human beings have been putting great efforts into space research. And so far，we have achieved many successes. But there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not cease trying progress.
The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time. It is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. It could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and Mars. In a word，if we want to explore space more，the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.
As the space station costs a lot of money，it is hard for one country alone to establish one. The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone，and it has tried to do so，but not very successful. So it aggregated(聚集)many other countries to work on it together. Though it is still extremely expensive，it is much cheaper than doing it alone. It is really a job that needs everyone's effort and will benefit everyone.
But even so，the funds needed are still a big problem. As for the USA，it seems that it has too many things to spend its money on. Although it is the richest country in the world，it has much debt every year. It has to make arrangements about its finance，and try to find a balance in all these issues.
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了国际空间站的建设问题。
1．What is the author's attitude towards building and developing the international space station?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Critical. D．Dissatisfied.
解析：选A 作者态度题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...we should not cease trying progress”和文中作者介绍国际空间站的重要性可知，作者对建设国际空间站持支持态度。
2．From Paragraph 2 we learn that__________ .
A．the necessity of building the international space station is not realized now
B．many experiments have been done in the international space station
C．the international space station is necessary for people to explore space more
D．people have traveled to Mars from the international space station
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“In a word，if we want to explore space more，the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.”可知，国际空间站是进行太空探索所必需的。
3．Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries' cooperation in building the international space station?
A．That it requires a lot of money.
B．That it needs everyone's effort.
C．That it will benefit every participating country.
D．That it is too far away from the earth.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As the space station costs a lot of money...”和“It is really a job that needs everyone's effort and will benefit everyone.”可知，A、B、C三项均提到了，而文中没有提到D项。
B
It was about seven years ago. I just picked up my three?year?old daughter from the nursery. I was weighed down with shopping bags，and with my daughter's things. We arrived at a pedestrian crossing and she pressed the button. In the distance, I heard alarms, told my daughter to wait and watched a police car approaching.
Little did I know, as the_green_man flashed，that my daughter had begun to run into the road. I watched the police car speed toward us—that's when you sounded your horn and waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car，hidden from their view by your car.
I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police car as it sped past. She wondered why you had blown your horn，asking，“Mom, why was that woman so rude？”not realizing you had saved her life.
She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gave way as I reached the other side of the road. I should have followed my “wait” with a hand on her shoulder，or an explanation of why we were ignoring the green man this time，especially as I had in effect conditioned her to cross the road at the sight of the green flash.
I beat myself up for months，and still do，with flashbacks and horrible assumptions about what might have been. But for your sounding your horn，seeing what I hadn't seen，I would have been left a mother on the other side of the road，totally broken. I apologize for putting you in that position—I can imagine that it upset you，too. You saved her life and I am so grateful.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。大约七年前，“我”的女儿过马路时没有注意到警车，幸亏一位女士按喇叭提醒，才挽救了女儿的生命。这件事让“我”至今难忘，心中充满感激。
4．What does the underlined part “the green man” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A pedestrian. B．A policeman.
C．A traffic sign. D．A button.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Little did I know，as the green man flashed，that my daughter had begun to run into the road.”并结合常识可知，此处表示看到绿灯亮之后，“我”的女儿跑到了马路上。据此可推知，画线部分指代一种交通标志，故C项正确。
5．Why did the woman sound her horn?
A．To stop the police car.
B．To show her impatience.
C．To greet passing pedestrians.
D．To draw the mother's attention.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“I watched the police car speed toward us—that's when you sounded your horn and waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car，hidden from their view by your car.”可知，“我”看到警车向我们疾驰而来，这时你按响了喇叭，疯狂地向“我”挥手。“我”女儿离警车的车道大约一米远，你的车挡住了他们的视线。据此可推知，那位女士按响喇叭是为了引起这位母亲的注意，提醒她注意她女儿的安全，故D项正确。
6．What can we infer from the incident?
A．The mother didn't regret what had happened.
B．The daughter didn't follow the traffic rules.
C．The woman responded quickly and properly.
D．The police drove beyond the speed limit.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，当看到小女孩儿面临危险时，那位女士按响喇叭，并疯狂地向小女孩儿的母亲挥手；结合第三段第一、二句“I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police car as it sped past.”可知，警车疾驰而过，“我”的女儿安然无恙。据此可推知，那位女士反应快速、准确，挽救了小女孩儿的生命，故C项正确。
7．How did the author feel when taking hold of her daughter?
A．Angry and shocked. B．Scared but relieved.
C．Guilty and confused. D．Grateful but sad.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gave way as I reached the other side of the road.”可知，女儿不知道“我”为什么把她抱起来并突然大哭起来；当“我”走到路的另一边时，“我”的腿软了。结合上文可知，一位女士的提醒使“我”的女儿避免了车祸。据此可推知，抓住女儿时，这位母亲既害怕，又感到宽慰，故B项正确。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I played in my first football game when I was nine year old. We were down 1－0, but I didn't want to lose, so I steal the ball back. Three defenders stood between me or the goal. I moved the ball past two, but last one knocked me to my knees again. I absolute refused to quit. I managed to get the ball back, stood, and kicked them into the corner of the net. Late, my coach said he was satisfied about my performance. He felt proud of me not because of I scored but because I got knocked down twice, got back up twice and kept on move forward.
答案：
I played in my first football game when I was nine old. We were down 1－0, but I didn't want to lose, so I the ball back. Three defenders stood between me the goal. I moved the ball past two, but last one knocked me to my knees again. I refused to quit. I managed to get the ball back, stood, and kicked into the corner of the net. ， my coach said he was satisfied my performance. He felt proud of me not because I scored but because I got knocked down twice, got back up twice and kept on forward.
1．numerous adj.众多的；许多的
2．weigh down 使负荷太重；压得……行动不便
3．flashback n．(电影或戏剧的)倒叙；(往事的)闪回
4．assumption n．假定；假设；(责任的)承担
I should have followed my “wait” with a hand on her shoulder，or an explanation of why we were ignoring the green man this time，especially as I had in effect conditioned her to cross the road at the sight of the green flash.
[分析] 句中“why we were ignoring...this time”为why引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语；“as I had in effect...flash”为as引导的原因状语从句。
[翻译] 我本应该在“等待”的时候用一只手搭在她的肩膀上，或者解释一下为什么这次我们不理睬那个绿灯，尤其是在我实际上已经让她适应了在看到绿灯过马路的时候。
(共26张PPT)
Section Ⅳ 单元知识巩固
重 点 单 词
to
to
accustom
to
It
to be
that
assumption
with
to do
with
patient
with
of
patiently
in/into
into
out
a
doing
acknowledge
as
to be
It
of
with
for
to
a
to do
relieve
with
about
about
consult
consultant
重 点 短 语
on
off
it
in
of
for
to do
doing
off
aside
down
up
重 点 句 型
no faster
than
Strange as it might sound
话 题 写 作
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Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example，the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.
Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.
We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35,880 kilometers above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometers an hour—exactly the same speed that the earth rotates. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the earth.Sometimes，it moves away from its orbit，so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.
Space is not empty！Every week，more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth.A satellite usually works for about 10～12 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the Earth to be repaired.Often，very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.
【语篇解读】 卫星不仅在科学探索方面，而且在我们的生活中也起着非常重要的作用。
1．Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?
A．Sending information for weather forecasts.
B．Taking photographs of the Earth.
C．Sending TV pictures.
D．Providing food for airplane pilots.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据前三段的内容可知，D项不是卫星做的事情。
2．How fast does the earth rotate?
A．35,880 kilometers per hour.
B．335,880 kilometers per hour.
C．11,000 kilometers per hour.
D．110,000 kilometers per hour.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的第四句话可知。
3．What is the function of little rockets on a satellite?
A．To send a satellite.
B．To make a satellite in place.
C．To send more pictures.
D．To connect our international phone calls.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position”可知，卫星内安装的小火箭把卫星拉回到正确的位置，故选B。
4．Which of the following is TRUE of satellites?
A．A satellite can be used to send television pictures internationally.
B．Every time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired.
C．A broken satellite is never left in space.
D．They often crash into each other.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.”可知A项正确。
B
Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant?eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive(先发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.
When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin—Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme(酶), which is known to prevent plant?eating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked，”Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”
Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars(毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.
The finding that a snail's approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study.“It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far?ranging effects，” Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.
“That's the million?dollar question，”Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究。研究表明植物会对外在威胁相当警觉，会自动作出反应进行自我保护。
5．John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to ________.
A．make them grow better
B．give them a warning
C．keep plant?eating animals away
D．inform plant?eating animals of danger
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”可推知，John Orrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应，且其与第三段第一句中的“his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat”呼应，故选B。
6．Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．To introduce another animal.
B．To confirm the result of the study.
C．To appeal to people to protect animals.
D．To analyze different resistance chemicals.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails；in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat.”可推知，文章中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证研究的结果，故选B。
7．What does Richard Karban really want to know?
A．How tomato plants become aware of danger.
B．What the chemicals in the snail slime are.
C．Whether the research is of practical value.
D．What the finding of the research is.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The research was comprehensive，he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.”并结合对最后一段的整体理解可推知，Richard Karban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的，故选A。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Watchful Plants B．Greedy Animals
C．A Snail's Approach D．A Defense Attack
解析：选A 标题归纳题。根据文章中的关键词plant，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应，故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空
After meals, there is usually some food still on plates. Many people don't like to waste food and choose to eat leftovers. However, leftovers don't last forever. Eating leftovers that 1.________(be) in the refrigerator for a long time can cause serious illness. The key to 2.________(keep) leftovers safe to eat is to prevent 3.________(harm) bacteria from growing on the food.
Bacteria grow best at warm temperatures. 4.________(fortunate), refrigeration can cool leftovers and slow down the 5.________(grow) of bacteria. Be sure to refrigerate the leftovers within two hours of cooking. And it's OK to let leftover food containers sit out for a little while so that they can cool down a bit 6.________ you put them in the refrigerator. Just don't let them sit out 7.________ hours. Besides, many bacteria travel through the air, so leaving leftovers in containers that can 8.________(seal) is also effective. Experts recommend using small, shallow containers to allow for faster cooling in the refrigerator.
Eating leftovers is a way to save money, but you do need 9.________(think) about when you plan to eat leftovers. To reduce 10.________ risk of food poisoning, throw away uneaten refrigerated leftovers which have been kept for more than four days.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应该如何处理剩饭。
1．解析：考查动词的时态。根据后面的状语“for a long time”可知，指长时间一直放在冰箱里的剩饭，故用be动词的现在完成时态。
答案：have been
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。the key to意为“……的关键”，to为介词，动名词作介词宾语。
答案：keeping
3．解析：考查形容词。harmful意为“有害的”，作定语修饰名词。
答案：harmful
4．解析：考查副词。fortunately意为“幸运的是”，副词修饰整个句子。
答案：Fortunately
5．解析：考查名词。这里需用名词作宾语。
答案：growth
6．解析：考查连词。根据前后两个分句的语义可知，这里指剩饭放入冰箱前可以先凉一凉。
答案：before
7．解析：考查介词。for后面接时间，表示一段时间。
答案：for
8．解析：考查动词的语态。定语从句中谓语动词和先行词是被动关系，指容器被密封，情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词＋be done。
答案：be sealed
9．解析：考查非谓语动词。need为实意动词，后面需要接动词不定式，need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”。
答案：to think
10．解析：考查冠词。这里特指食物中毒的风险。
答案：the
1．strategy n．策略；计策
2．slide v．(使)滑行；滑动
3．slimy adj.粘有黏液的
4．activate v．使活动；激活
5．comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的
The finding that a snail's approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious， a plant communications expert， who was not involved in the study.
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分；第二个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词response。
[翻译] 研究结果是蜗牛的靠近能够让植物有所反应，而这种反应会影响一种不同的动物，这让没有参与这项研究的植物通信专家Richard Karban很好奇。
