高二英语人教版选修六 Unit 4 Global warming 单词讲解 课件（55张ppt）

(共55张PPT)
Unit4
Global warming
consume vt. 消费，消耗，耗尽，吃完
△renewable adj. 能再生的，可更新的
△greenhouse n.温室，花房
△Fahrenheit adj.华氏的 n. 华氏温度计
come about 发生，造成
△Sophie 索菲
△Armstrong 阿姆斯特朗
graph n.图表，坐标图，曲线图
random adj. 胡乱的，任意的
phenomenon n. 现象
subscribe vi.同意，捐赠，订阅
vt签署(文件)，捐助
subscribe to 同意，赞成，订购
△fossil n. 化石，从地下采掘出来 的矿物
fuel n. 燃料
△byproduct n. 副产品
△Janice 贾妮思
△Foster 福斯特
△methane n. 甲烷，沼气
△Celsius adj.(温度)摄氏的
quantity n. 量，数量
quantities of 大量的
tend vi. 趋于，易于，照顾
vt. 照顾，护理
go up 上升，增长，升起
△Charles Keeling 查尔斯。基林
△measurement n.衡量，测量，尺寸
per prep. 每，每一
data n. 资料，数据
result in 导致
trend n.趋势，倾向，走向
catastrophe n. 大灾难，浩劫
flood n.洪水，水灾
△drought n. 旱灾，干旱
△famine n. 饥荒
△George Hambley 乔治.汉布利
oppose vt.反对，反抗，与(某人)较量
opposed adj. 反对的，对立的
be opposed to 反对
mild adj.温和的，温柔的，淡的
△environmental adj.环境的
△environmentalist n. 环境保护论者
consequence n.结果，后果，影响
state vt. 陈述，说明
range n.种类，范围
even if 即使
keep on 继续
glance vi. 看一下，扫视
n.一瞥
steady adj.平稳的，持续的，稳固的
steadily adv. 平稳地，持续地
tendency n.倾向，趋势
widespread adj.分布广的，普遍的
on the whole 大体上，基本上
△economical adj. 节约的，经济的
△hectare n. 公顷
average adj. 平均的
existence n. 生存，存在
on behalf of 代表一方
△individual n.个人，个体
adj. 单独的，个别的
advocate vt. 拥护，提倡，主张
commitment n.承诺，交托，信奉
put up with 忍受，容忍
pollution n.污染，弄脏
growth n. 增长，生长
electrical adj. 电的， 与电有关的
△appliance n.用具，工具，器具
so long as 只要
casual adj.随便的，漫不经心的
and so on 等等
motor n. 发动机
can n.容器，罐头
circumstance n. 环境，情况
microwave n. 微波炉，微波
refresh vt. 使恢复，使振作
educator n.教育工作者
contribution n. 贡献
△imperative n.祈使语气，命令
△heading n.标题
△slogan n. 标语，口号
presentation n. 显示，演出
nuclear adj. 核的，核能的
disagreement n. 分歧，不一致

1.consume(v.)消费---consumer(n.)消费者，顾客，用户
---consumption(n.) 消耗，消费
2.renew(v.)更新---renewable(adj.)可更新的
3. subscribe (v.)同意,捐款,订阅---subscription(n.)订阅,捐款
---subscriber(n.)订阅者,捐助者
4.trend (n.)趋势，走向---trendy(adj.)时髦的
5.oppose(v.) 反 对 ---opposite(adj.) 相 反 的
---opponent(n.)对手---opposition(n.)反对
6. mild(adj.)温和的---mildly(adv.)温和地
7. environment(n.)环境---environmental(adj.)环境的，环保的
---environmentally(adv.)有关环境地
8.state(v.)陈述---statement(n.)陈述，声明---statesman政治家
---stateswoman女政治家
9.steady(adj.)平稳的，持续的---steadily(adv.)平稳地，持续地
10.economy(n.)经济---economical(adj.) 节约的---economic(adj.)经济的
11. existence(n.)---exist(v.)存在---existent(adj.)存在的：实有的

12.commit(v.)承担义务,做出保证---commitment(n.) 承诺,交托
---committed (adj.)尽心尽力的；坚定的
13. pollute(v.)污染---pollution(n.)污染---pollutant(n.)污染物
14. appliance(n.)用具,器具---apply(v.)应用 (多义)
15. grow(v.)种植,生长---growth(n.)成长
16. casual(adj.)随意的---casually(adv.)随意地
17.wave(n.)波---microwave(n.)微波炉
18.fresh(adj.)新鲜的---freshness(n.)新鲜---refresh(v.)使恢复,使振动
19. educate(v.)教育---educator(n.)教育工作者,教师
---education(n.)教育
20.contribute(v.)贡献---contribution(n.)贡献
21. present(v.)提交,呈上 (adj.)在场的,现在的
---presentation(n.)显示，演出
22.agree(v.)---disagree(v.)不同意
---agreement(n.)同意---disagreement(n.)分歧，不一致
consume
range
average
commitment
circumstance
contribution
正式用语
熟词生义
用法
英语释义
英语释义
熟词生义
重难点词
一词多义
1. consume:

① The developed countries consume the most energy in the world. 人教⑥ – 4
② Looking after the children, cooking and cleaning are time-consuming. 2008 四川改
? [正式用语] 吃光；喝光：
用膳

2.range
RANGE ROVER (路虎揽胜) 作为“越野车中的劳斯莱司”，是LAND ROVER的旗舰车型。

RANGE ROVER 背景
ROVER (罗孚) 是北欧的一个民族，LAND ROVER生产自行车时就使用罗孚作商标名。1904年生产汽车，仍以“罗孚”为车牌名。由于罗孚民族在历史上是一个勇敢善战的海盗民族，所以罗孚汽车商标采用了一艘海盗船，张开红帆象征着公司乘风破浪、所向披靡的大无畏精神。这个民族的特征其实也对应了rover的释义“漫游者”，那转移到车上，什么样的漫游者才算是刚劲的越野车呢？range的动词词源义是“在某一区域内活动”，RANGE ROVER则是指“在广阔区域漫游的越野车”，这与其中文名“路虎揽胜”正好契合。
range
mountain ranges 山脉
range
range的词源
range名词的词源义是指一排排的人，尤其是指猎人或者士兵，和动词的词源义密切相关，名词由动词而来，其基本义是“范围”。



a range of:一系列
a wide range of:范围广泛的
? [C] & [U] [常用单数] 范围；界限：
Most of the students are in the 16-19 age range.
大部分学生的年龄在16到19岁之间。
The price was beyond our range, so we declined.
那个价格超出了我们能承受的范围，所以我们拒绝了。

? [C] & [U] 距离：
Do not miss this opportunity to see whales at close range on their annual migration south to the Antarctic.
不要错过近距离观看一年一度南下向南极洲迁徙的鲸群。 人教⑦ – 3











? [C] 山脉：
Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range
called the Alps.
在意大利和法国之间，是阿尔卑斯山脉。 外研③ – 1

in / within range (of) 在 (…的) 范围内
out of range (of) 超出 (…的) 范围














■ vi
? 包括：
The show had a large audience, ranging from children to grandparents.
这个节目受众很广，老少皆宜。

? (价格、水平、温度等) 处于某个范围之内：
The price ranges between $25 and $400.
价格在25美元到400美元之间。




range为不及物动词，非谓语要用ranging
range from A to B
range between A and B
一、根据句意写出range的中文释义。
__________ 1. Our funds were limited, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory. (2015 天津)
__________ 2. This restaurant has become popular for its wide range of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. . (2010湖北改)
__________ 3. These missiles (导弹) have a range of 300 miles.
即学即练
二、完成句子。
1. In addition to these traditional activities, we have _______________________ (还有更多不同的选择) such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. (2013 辽宁书面表达)
2. He likes doing different kinds of activities after work, ________________________________________ (从游泳到打篮球).
3 average
如果对自己的英语水平做个评价，你的英语水平如何？
Excellent？Very good? Good? Fairly good? 还是 Average? 或者 Below average?
如果说你的水平中等偏上，该怎么表达？
average 词源
? average 形容词由名词而来。其基本义为“份额平等的”。
? 名词 average 的由来：古时候在没有保险机构的情况下，各位货主按各自货品价值分摊因遇海难或其他意外事故而遭受的损失，据此衍生出“平均分担”一义，而今天 average 的各项释义，如“平均数”、“平均水平”、“中等的”等都是由此衍生而来。
单词详解




■ adj [无比较级]
? [只用于名词前] 平均的：
Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900.
科学家认为自1900年以来，世界平均温度已经升高了约0.8℃。
? 中等的；适中的 normal or typical：
He was in his late twenties and of average height .
他年近三十，中等个头。
? 平常的；普遍的 not special; ordinary：
Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.
弗雷迪是一名普通的学生，但却不是一个普通的人。 2017 全国






一、根据句意，选出 average 的最佳释义。
1. Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. (2016 江苏) __________
2. As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. (2016 天津) _________
3. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight. _________
③
① 平均的 ② 中等的；适中的 ③ 平常的；普遍的
①
②
二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。on; above; of

1. He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects. (2011 天津)
2. Tea is the British national drink. Every man, woman, and child over ten years of age has _________ average over four cups a day. (2015 全国)
3. The library now gets an average _________ five visits a day. (2013 湖南)
above
on
of
4 commitment
commitment
commitment由commit (使承担义务；使作出保证) +-ment构成。commitment与“承诺 (promise)”有关。承诺的事 (commitments) 有大有小，大如一段婚姻或一份工作，小如与朋友的约会。一旦作出承诺(make a commitment)，就需要全身心的投入。
commitment
? [U] 投入；奉献 being prepared to give a lot of your time and attention to sth because you believe it is right or important：
A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment.
演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。
? [C] 承诺；许诺；保证 a promise or agreement to do sth：
She has made a commitment to going bottle-free.
她已承诺不饮用瓶装水。 2008 湖北



? [C] 承诺的事 / 责任：
I’m overworked at the moment — I’ve taken on too many commitments. 我目前劳累过度，承担的事情太多了。






devotion
make a commitment to doing
make a promise to do
单词commit与commitment有关联，一起来学习一下commit吧！
承诺做某事：promise to do
commit to doing
spend sth. (in) doing sth.





一、根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. I am a hard-working and committed person. ______________
2. A lot of money has been committed to the project. __________
3.For those who lack a strong sense of commitment the marriage may fail. _________
4. She has leadership qualities and her commitment to work is beyond question. __________
即时即练
尽心尽力的
投入
承诺
投入
二、根据提示，翻译下列句子。
1. 我们承诺给予帮助，我们就会遵守承诺。(commitment)
We’ve _________________________ to helping, and we will.
2. 我们不应该犯这个错误，即只从一个角度分析进步。(commit)
We must not _________________________ analyzing progress only from one point of view. (2014 江西)
made a commitment
commit the mistake of
5 circumstance
我们改变不了周围的环境、季节、风，但是我们可以改变自己。
circumstance是由circum “周围” + st “站立”+ -ance“名词后缀”三部分构成，即“周围站立的事物”。不难看出， circumstance的意思是“环境； 状况”。
circumstance的含义
注意英语释义
注意英语释义
in / under ... circumstances 在…情况下：
① Under the circumstances, it seems better not to tell him about the accident. 在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。

② It’s an experimental model, so don’t touch it under any circumstances.
这是一个实验模型，因此在任何情况下都不要碰它。
注意介词搭配


in / under no circumstances 决不；无论如何不：
Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any
money. 在任何情况下，你都不能借钱给保罗。

in / under no circumstances置于句首时，句子
要用部分倒装语序。
注
注意介词搭配
注意倒装条件
in no way/ in no case
by no means
on no account/ on no consideration
一、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
____________________________ (无论我们的境况如何), we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires. (2015 福建阅读)

As for reference books, newspapers and magazines, they can not be taken out of the library _________________________ (在任何情况下). (2012 湖南听力)??

你无论如何都不该不锁门。(倒装句；leave)



Whatever our circumstances are
即学即练
under / in any circumstances
Under / In no circumstances should you leave the door
unlocked.
6 contribution
下面是2015年高考全国卷 I 阅读理解C篇中的一道题，当年难倒了一大批考生。
…
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.
…
31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?? A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.
【解析】根据前一句句意及关键词The fine selection of the major works，可推知contribution在文中的含义为“作品”。而高中生在英语学习中，最常接触到contribution的释义是“贡献”，如果以此释义来解释contribution，就会导致学生误选失分。
【答案】A
从上图所显示的查询结果可看出，四大版本教材的词汇表均未给出contribution作 “稿件；作品”之意。这就要求我们在词汇学习过程中，应该有意识地注意熟词生义，以备不时之需。
contribution
? 贡献：
I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world. 我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。 2008 湖南书面表达改
? 捐款；捐献物：
I gave a contribution of $100 to / toward the church.
我给教堂捐了100美元。
? 稿件；作品：
This is a magazine with contributions from well known travel writers.
这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。






温故
在Book 5 Unit 1中，我们学习了contribute，鉴于contribute与contribution的“亲密”关系，我们再一起复习一下contribute，将两者联系起来学习。
contribute
? vt & vi 贡献；捐助；捐献：
① It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.
她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。
contribute (sth) to sth:
② Immigrants have contributed to the British culture in many ways.
移民在许多方面都对英国文化有所贡献。
③ contribute (money) to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐钱
④ He never contributes (ideas) to the discussion. 他在讨论时从不发表意见。
? vi 造成 / 促使 (某事发生) to help make sth happen：
Alcohol contributes to 100, 000 deaths a year in the US.
在美国，饮酒每年导致10万人死亡。
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses. 压力是诸多疾病的致病因素。
? vt & vi 投 (稿)；撰 (稿)：
He contributes a lot of articles to the magazine. 她给这家杂志撰写了很多文章。
+to
一、根据句意写出contribution的释义。
___________ 1. All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday.
___________ 2. Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions to the class. (2008 上海书面表达)
___________ 3. A contribution of $25 will buy 15 books.
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Progress in the acquisition of cultures contributes to ___________ (broaden) one’s horizons. (2016 上海书面表达)
2. Speed is a ___________ (contribute) factor in many automobile accidents.
稿件；作品
贡献
捐款
broadening
contributing
3. He contributes regularly ___________ the magazine New Scientist.
三、完成句子。
1. Doing voluntary work, I think, will ____________________________ (对…做出重大贡献) society, which is able to enrich my life. (2013 山东书面表达)
2. In addition, it will ___________________________________ (有助于创建一个好环境) to read books in our class. (2015 广东书面表达)
make a great contribution to
contribute to creating a good environment
to
7.tend v 趋向,照料,照顾
① tend to do 易于做某事，往往做某事
= be likely to do sth.
② tend (to) sb. 照料,护理= attend to sb.
=care for = take care of=look after
Opportunities and success tend to be in favor of those who are ready.
1)*当今有很多父母对孩子过分呵护。
____________________________________________________________________________
Nowadays parents tend to care too much for their children.
8 subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅
vt. （签署）文件；捐助
① 同意，赞成 subscribe to = agree with/
approve of.../ be for…/ be in favor of…
反对 be opposed to doing/ object to doing/
disagree with/ disapprove of…/ be against…
② 订阅 I decided to subscribe to some magazines useful for my work.
③ subscribe sth. to ... 捐助…
(=donate / contribute …to/give away)
He subscribes 10000yuan to the church every year.
④ subscribe one’s name to sth. 签署名字
9 oppose vt. 反对；反抗；对抗；使反对，
使相对
1)然而，其他人反对参加各种课外活动。
____________________________________________________________________________

2)*反对使用因特网的人认为弊大于利。
_________________________________________________________________________
oppose doing sth.反对做…
(= be opposed to doing sth.)
However, others are against/ are opposed to taking part in various after school activities.
Those who are opposed to the Internet hold
that disadvantages outweigh advantages.
1)The report advocated that all buildings ________(fit) with smoke alarms.
2)*活动的主题是使我们城市更漂亮，倡导低碳生活方式。
____________________________________________________________________________
10. advocate v．主张，拥护，提倡；
n.提倡者，倡导者
advocate doing sth. 拥护/支持/主张做某事
advocate that sb. should do sth. 主张做某事
an advocate for/of sb. /sth. 支持某人/某事的人
Its theme is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low-carbon lifestyle.
be fitted
11 quantity n. 数量 quality n. 质量
a quantity of / quantities of 许多，大量
谓语动词由 quantity 的数决定
in quantity /in large quantities 大量地
拓展
1)There ______ a large quantity of rain in this area.
2)There ______ large quantities of rain in this area.
3)A large amount of money _______spent on
building the bridge.
4)Large amounts of money _______ spent on
building the bridge.
is
are
was
were
glance at/ take a glance at…匆匆一看；一瞥
at first glance 初看起来；乍一看
glare at 怒视 stare at 凝视
12. glance at
glare stare glance
① I ________ at my watch and decided to leave.
② She didn't look happy but __________ at him.
③ She _______ at the painting, wondering where she
had seen it.
glanced
glared
stared