2020年人教版英语八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?单元知识点总结

2020年人教版英语八年级下册
Unit 3

Section A
1.laugh v. & n. 笑
We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。
We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。
（与at连用）嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。
People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。
Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。
N. 笑；笑声
We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
2. though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although
Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。
Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。
注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：
Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）
though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。
Jim said that he would come, he didn’t , though.
English is difficult to learn. I like it,though.英语难学，不过我喜欢它。
3. quietly轻声地，安静地，平静地 quiet轻声的，安静的，平静的
The students walked to a quiet place.同学们向一个安静的地方走去。
You have a cold, so you must keep quiet at home.你得了感冒，所以必须在家静养。
【辨析】 calm still quiet 与silent
calm：意为：镇静的，平静的，指不受干扰时的宁静，平静，如海洋的平静；
用于人时，指沉着，镇定，安定。 When we face danger, we should keep calm.
still:意为不动的，静止的，寂静的，仅仅指物理上的安静状态。
The baby kept still when she was taking photos.
quiet:意为安静的 静止的，指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱；指人时指文静的，娴静的。
Be quiet,everyone.The teacher is coming.
silent:意为沉默的，无言的，主要用于人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。
We shouldn’t keep silent when the teather asks us some questions.
4. You can tell that Lisa really wants to win,though.然而，你能看出丽莎真正地想赢。
1) .tell（1）vt."辨析，识别，看出"，通常与can,could,be able to连用。
Can you tell the difference between th e two?你能看出两者之间的差别吗？
拓展：tell...from...辨别。。。和。。。；区分
tell apart辨别
It 's sometimes hard to tell one twin from the other.双胞胎有时很难分辨。
（2）v.告诉，吩咐，讲述
句型：tell sth.(a story\a lie\a joke\the truth)讲（故事、谎话、笑话、实话）
sb.sth.\sth.to sb.告诉某人某事
sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事的情况
sb. to do sth.吩咐某人做某事
sb. that\wh-从句告诉某人。。。
2.) win v.获胜，赢得 同义词：succeed; 反义词：lose
辨析：win与beat
win v.获胜，赢得.后接game,war,match,prize,race,money等指物的名词作宾语。
beat（beat,beaten）v.后接的宾语多表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词。Beat还有敲打，（心脏等）跳动的意思。
We beat them by score 2 to 1.我们以2比1的比分赢了他们。
He was beaten black and blue.他被打的青一块紫一块。
5.hard-working adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的 Work hard v+adv.
He works hard to be a hard-working student.
My mother is hard-working. He works hard at science.
6. as +adj.+.as..。 和....一样
This room is as big as that one.
汤姆跑得和他弟弟一样快。Tom runs as fast as his brother.
否定句中： not as...as。。。 ,或者 not。。。So +adj+as
Tom is not as short as Tim.
=Tim is not as tall as Tom.=Tom is taller than Tim,=Tim is shorter than Tim.
7. singing competition 歌咏比赛
V-ing 现在分词，充当前置定语修饰后面的名
swimming pool， shopping basket， reading room，walking stick，changing room，dressing table
8. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. 然而，拉里经常帮助我表现出最好的一面。
bring out意为“使显现；使表现出”。
E.g. I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。
拓展：① bring out还意为“出版；生产”。
The company is bringing out a new sports car.
② bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来
Please tell me how to bring out the best in me.
9. Is Tara more outgoing than Tina？塔拉比蒂娜更外向吗？
1). outgoing adj.爱交际的，友好的，外向的 反义词：quiet意为安静的，文静的

2B Role play
Julie: Did you like the singing competition yesterday, Anna?
Anna: Oh, it was fantastic! Nelly sang so well!
Julie: Well, I think Lisa sang better than Nelly.
Anna: Oh, which one was Lisa?
Julie: The one with shorter hair. I think she sang more clearly than Nelly.
Anna: Yes,but Nely danced better than Lisa.
Julie: You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win ,though.
Anna: Well, everyone wants to win. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.


形容词和副词的比较级
用法：用于两者（人和物）之间的比较，表示两者之间的差异，"更...较...",后面用比较连词than连接另一个所比较的人或物。
结构：主语+谓语（系动词）+形容词\副词比较级+than+比较对象”。

1．规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est tall（高的） great（巨大的） taller greater tallest greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st nice（好的） large（大的） nicer larger nicest largest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big（大的） hot（热的） bigger hotter biggest hottest
“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er， -est easy（容易的） busy（忙的） easier busier easiest busiest
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est clever（聪明的） narrow（窄的） cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级 important（重要的） easily（容易地） more important more easily most important most easily
2．不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good（好的）well（健康的） better best
bad（坏的）ill（有病的） worse worst
old（老的） older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many（多的） more most
little（少的） less least
far（远的） farther/further farthest/furthest

用法注意：
（1）修饰比较级的词语有much,a little,a bit,a lot,even,by far,still.等
He is a little taller than me.他比我高一点点。
（2）当比较级后面有（of the two...）之类的短语时，比较级前面要加the。
Lucy is the quieter of the twins.露西是双胞胎姐妹中较内向的那个。
（3）"比较级+and+比较级"或"more + more +原形（多音节和部分双音节形容词）"，意为"越来越..."。
Our city is more and more beautiful.我们的城市越来越漂亮。
(4)"the+比较级，the+比较级"意为"越...，就越..."。
The more you read, the more you know. 你读书越多，你知道的就越多。
(5) as…as…意为"与……一样……""，否定形式"'not as/so…as"意为"不如……怎么样，不与
……一样……"。注意as与as之间用形容词和副词的原形。
This room is not as/so big as that one.= This room is smaller than that one.
（6）在使用比较及时，要注意比较对象需要一致，遵循前后可比原则。
　　　 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
　　　 It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

随堂练习---用所给单词的适当形式填空
1、Ann has (many) apples than Amy.
2、I think July is (hot) than any other month in our country.
3、The bag is a little (heavy) than that one.
4、Mr Green is (serious) than Mr Black.
5、Tom runs as (fast) as John does.
6、My sister is (quiet) than I.
7、There are some (different) between us.
8、Larry is (outgoing) than Huang Lei.
9、In some ways, the twins look (different).
10、He can speak English as (good) as me.
11、Liu Ying isn’t good at (study) study physics.
12、We both enjoy (go) to the party.
单项选择
1、He likes doing the same things me.
A. to B. as C. for D. with
2、Tom is than Sam.
A. athletic B .more athletic C. athlete D. athletics
3、I think a good friend makes me .
A. to laugh B. laughing C. laugh D .laughs
4、He always me in tennis, but I this match this time.
A. beat; win B. beats; wins C. beats; won D. beat; won
5、I’d like to know if Lin Tao is the second boy in his class.
A. older B. the older C. oldest D. the oldest
6、When spring comes, the days get .
A. short and short B. shorter and shorter C. long and long D. longer and longer
7、She’s than I.
A .more calm B. more calmer C. very calm D. calmer
8、Now computers are very popular and they are much than before.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
9、 Jane is shorter, she’s more intelligent.
A. Although; / B. Although; but C. Though; but D. /; and
10、I’m tired. Let’s stop ______ a rest.
A. having B. to having C. has D. to have
按要求改写句子
1、I think he is not as tall as his father.（改为同义句)
I think his father is ________ _________ him.
2、Jim is 12 years old. Tom is 14 years old. （合并为一句）
Tom is _________ _________ Jim.
3、I think Rose should get a job.（就划线部分提问）
_________ _________ you think should get a job?
4、This bike is different from that one.（改为同义句)
This bike isn’t the _________ ________ that one.
5、Jane has longer hair than Lucy.（改为一般疑问句）
________ Jane ________ longer hair than Lucy?

? Section B
1. Mary and her best friend are both tall.玛丽和她最好的朋友都长得高。
Both“两个都，两者都”
You are both too young.你们两个都太年轻。
Both these are new.这两个都是新的。
注意：both of 结构与all,each和most of结构一样。
both of + porn. (pl.) / both of + the/her +n.
Both of the flowers are very beautiful.= The flowers are both very beautiful.两朵花都很漂亮。
辨析both与all
Both意为两者都，常用结构为both of +复数名词\代词。反义词：neither 两者中一个也没有
All 意为三者或三者以上都，常用结构为"all of +名词复数\代词"。反义词：none一个也没有
2. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真正的朋友向你伸出手，触动你的心。
1.）reach (1)vt.到达；（通过电话、电波）联系
We hope to reach the top of the hill before dark.我们希望在天黑之前到达山顶。
（2）vi.达到，延伸
as far as the eyes can reach 就眼力所能及
辨析：reach,arrive与get表示"到达"
Reach是及物动词，后面可以直接跟表示地点的名词。
Arrive 是不及物动词，接宾语时，后接at\in,接副词时需要省略介词。
Get后接名词时，必须在get后加介词to,其后接副词（home,here,there）时需省略介词to。
touch（1）v.感动（=move）；触摸
We were deeply touched\moved by his sad story.我们被他悲惨的故事深深地感动了。
（2） n.触摸，联系
I felt a touch on my back.我感觉有人碰了一下我的背。
拓展：与touch有关的短语
get in touch with与。。。取得联系 keep in touch with与。。。保持联系
lose touch with与。。。失去联系 touch on\upon提及
3. talent n. 天赋=gift
Talented= gifted有天赋的 be talented in = be gifted with
have a talent/gift for sth
She is a gifted/talented voilinist.
She has a talent/gift for cooking.
4.care about 关心；在意
care for 喜欢；愿意 take care 小心；当心 take care of =look after 照顾；照料
Do you care for your future？
5.make sb. do sth （let？have）
Her joke made us laugh。
How did he make the baby stop crying？
6. the same as.... 和。。。一样
be different from
I don’t like to do the same things as her.
My hobbies are different from her’s.
7. be similar to 与。。类似的；相像的


Jack is similar to his father in many ways.
Jeff Green: My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror. I’m quieter and more serious than most kids. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class. Mt best friend Yuan Li is quiet too, so we enjoy studying together. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. But I think friends are like books – you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.

Huang Lei: It’s not necessary to be the same. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. He is taller and more outgoing than me. We both like sports, but he plays tennis better, so he always wins. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. So I’m getting better at tennis. Larry is much less hard-working, though. I always get better grades than he dose, so maybe I should help him more.

Mary Smith: I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. My favorite saying is,” A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” My best friend Carol is really kind and very funny. In fact, she’s funnier than anyone I know. I broke my arm last year but she made me laugh and feel better. We can talk about and share everything. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen.