Unit 2 English around the world
单元知识检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.This stick looks as if it were bent in the water,but (事实上) it is straight.?
2.We’re going to make a (航行)from Qingdao to Dalian during the summer holidays.?
3.After a few years,she was sent back to her (本国的)country.?
4.Of the phrases “go crazy” and “go nuts”,the (后者的)is used less frequently.?
5.English was (以……为根据)more on German during the 5th century AD.?
6.Reading is one of the best ways of enlarging your (词汇量).?
7.He hated being in the army because he had to obey (命令).?
8.This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a (请求)for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.?
9.It is not polite to interrupt a speaker with (频繁的) questions.?
10.Go (直接地) down the road until you come to the English language school.?
答案:1.actually 2.voyage 3.native 4.latter 5.based 6.vocabulary 7.commands 8.request 9.frequent
10.straight
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Each of us has a role (play) in making the earth a better place to live.?
2.The girl used to be shy,but is (gradual) getting active in group work and more willing to express herself.?
3.The teacher requested us not (make) so much noise.?
4.You also should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates (frequent) is a good way to improve your study.?
5.The travelling experiences (rich) her understanding of each country.?
6.My computer has a program which can correct my (spell) automatically.?
7.She began to study hard.This is the final exam is around the corner.?
8.As is known to all,the African elephant is native Africa.?
9.Having good command of English grammar makes it easier for him to understand long sentences while reading.?
10.His facial (express) has betrayed him.?
答案:1.to play 2.gradually 3.to make 4.frequently 5.enriched 6.spelling 7.because 8.to 9.a 10.expression
Ⅲ.短语检测
1.After several hours,we finally (提出)the correct answer to the difficult maths problem.?
2. (因为,由于)the snow,the pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city.?
3.Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should (以……为基础)their own interest. ?
4.That firm is looking for a new manager. (目前,现在)the salary they will offer has been left open.?
5.On the train,he (使用,利用)his time and started to read his favourite book.?
答案:1.came up with 2.Because of∕Owing to 3.be based on 4.At present 5.made use of
Ⅳ.根据提示词或相关要求补全句子
1.促使Jerry成功的原因,与其说是他的聪明,倒不如说是他的努力工作。(more...than ...)
that led to Jerry’s success.?
2.你一定是弄错号码了。这里没有你说的这样的人。(such)
You must have the wrong number. as you describe here.?
3.老板鼓励员工在会议上积极地发表自己的看法,即使看法与他的不同。(even if∕though)
The boss inspires his employees to give their opinions actively in the meeting, .?
4.申请人必须精通英语。(command)
Applicants will be expected .?
5.众所周知,大量地砍伐森林会导致夏天洪水泛滥。(recognize)
extensive deforestation contributes to heavy summer flooding.?
答案:1.It was more hard work than cleverness 2.There is no such person 3.even if∕though they are different from his own 4.to have a good command of English 5.It is widely recognized that
Ⅴ.课文缩写填空
As you know,English has changed over time.Why?1. (actual)all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first it was 2. (base) more on German than the English we speak 3. present.Then 4. (gradual) new settlers came and 5. (enrich) the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600’s a wider vocabulary was able to 6. (make) use of than ever before.In 1620 some British 7. (settler) moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.?
Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English 8. (spell) happened:first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary 9. later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.The latter gave a separate 10. (identify) to American English spelling.?
答案:1.Actually 2.based 3.at 4.gradually 5.enriched 6.be made 7.settlers 8.spelling 9.and 10.identity
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Unit 2 English around the world
基础知识
考点知识
基础知识 抓主干·固双基
1.subway n. .
2.elevator n. .
3.petrol n. (=<美>gasoline)
4.gas n. .
5.conquer vt. .
6.apartment n. .
7.Danish n. .
adj. .
地下人行道;<美>地铁
电梯;升降机
<英>汽油
汽油;气体;煤气;毒气
征服;占领
<美>公寓住宅;单元住宅
丹麦语
丹麦的;丹麦人的;丹麦语的
阅
读
词
汇
8.enrich vt. .
9.identity n. .
10.dialect n. .
11.midwestern adj. .
12.African adj. .
13.Spanish adj. .
n. .
14.eastern adj. .
15.southeastern adj. .
使富裕;充实;改善
本身;本体;身份
方言
中西部的;有中西部特性的
非洲的;非洲人的;非洲语言的
西班牙的;西班牙人的;西班牙语的
西班牙人;西班牙语
东方的;东部的
东南方的;来自东南的
16.northwestern adj. .
17.lorry n. (=<美>truck)
18.lightning n. .
19.cab n. .
20.usage n. .
21.accent n. .
22.block n. .
西北方的;来自西北的
<英>卡车
闪电
出租车
使用;用法;词语惯用法
口音;腔调;重音
街区;块;木块;石块
1. adj. 官方的;正式的;公务的
2. n. 航行;航海
3. adj. 本国的;本地的
n. 本地人;本国人
4. adv. 实际上;事实上
5. vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部;基地;基础
6. adj. 逐渐的;逐步的
7. adv. 逐渐地;逐步地
8. n. 拼写;拼法
9. n. 词汇;词汇量;词表
official
voyage
native
actually
base
gradual
gradually
spelling
vocabulary
识
记
词
汇
10. adj. 较后的;后半的; (两者中)后者的
11. adj. 流利的;流畅的
12. adv. 流利地;流畅地
13. adj. 频繁的;常见的
14. adv. 常常;频繁地
15. n.& vt. 命令;指令;掌握
16. n.& vt.请求;要求
17. n. 词语;表示;表达
18. vt. 辨认出;承认;公认
19. adv. 直接;挺直
adj. 直的;笔直的;正直的
latter
fluent
fluently
frequent
frequently
command
request
expression
recognize
straight
1.actually adv. 实际上;事实上→ adj. 真实的;实际的
2.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的→ adv.逐渐地;逐步地
3.latter adj. 较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→ adj.最新的;
最近的→ adj. 后期的;后者的→ adv. 近来;最近
4.fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的→ adv. 流利地;流畅地
→ n. 流利;流畅
5.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的→ adv. 常常;频繁地
→ n. 频率
6.expression n. 词语;表示;表达→ vt. 表达
7.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认→ n. 认出;认识
actual
gradually
latest
later
lately
fluently
fluency
frequently
frequency
express
recognition
拓
展
单
词
1. 因为;由于
2. 走近;上来;提出
3. 利用;使用
4. 例如……;像这种的
5. 现在;目前
6. 扮演一个角色;参与?
7. 以……为基础
8. 信不信由你
9. 不仅仅是,不只是
10. 与……交流∕交际
11. ……的数量
because of
come up
make use of
such as
at present
play a part (in)
be based on
believe it or not
more than
communicate with sb.
the number of...
短
语
记
忆
1.Native English speakers can understand each other
they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英
语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。
2.It was based on German the English we speak at
present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的
英语不是。
3.Believe it or not,there is thing standard
English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
even if
more
than
no such
as
句
型
整
理
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (Ⅱ):requests and commands
[直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ):请求和命令]
重点
语法
考点知识 解疑难·提知能
重点单词
1.base vt.以……为根据
n.基部;基地;基础
①base...on∕upon... 根据……;以……为基础
②be based on∕upon以……为基础
③on the basis of 根据,在……的基础上,基于
归纳拓展
单句填空
① (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,
you will regret it sooner or later.
②First,he showed us the (base) steps and skills of making
dough figurines.?
③Just as the saying goes,“One tree doesn’t make a forest.”; our
success is cooperating with others.?
Basing
basic
based on∕upon
2.command n.[C]命令;指令;[U]掌握;控制
vt.命令,指挥;支配
归纳拓展 ①under one’s command=under the command of sb.由某人
指挥
②have a good command of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)
③be in command of 掌握;控制
④at∕by sb.’s command 听某人支配
⑤command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
⑥command that...(should) do...命令……
⑦take command of 控制;担任……的指挥
单句填空
①I’m — what would you like me to do?
②If you do not serve others,you cannot them.
完成句子
③我相信自己有能力做好这个志愿工作,因为我有很好的英语口语能力。
I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I
oral English. (2018年6月浙江,应用文写作)
④军官命令他到房间外面去。
The officer commanded that .?
⑤A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it
(以……为基础)trust and existing relationships.
(2019北京,阅读理解C )?
at your command
take command of
have a good command of
he (should) go out of the room
is based on
3.request n.& vt.请求;要求
归纳拓展 ①request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事
②request that sb.(should) do sth.请求……
③It is requested that sb.(should) do sth....
据要求……
④at sb.’s request=at the request of sb.
应某人之要求
单句填空
①All the students are requested (attend) the annual
school celebration.
②What’s your opinion of Peter’s request that we .
(spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
③It is (request) that all the visitors should not take
pictures of the exhibitions.
to attend
(should)spend
requested
4.recognize vt.辨认出;承认
归纳拓展 ①recognize sb.∕sb.’s voice∕sb.’s handwriting
认出某人∕听出某人的声音∕认出某人的笔迹
②be recognized to be∕as...
被认作……∕被认为是……
③It is recognized that...人们公认……
④beyond∕out of recognition认不出来
完成句子
①我们应该特别承认我们孩子们砥砺前行,并致力于实现目标的努力。(2019
年6月浙江,概要写作)
our children’s efforts to push
themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.
②人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。
environment pollution has become one of
the most serious problems that people face.
③自从上次离开这里以来,这个城镇已变得认不出来。
The town has changed since I was last here.
We should especially recognize
It is recognized that
beyond recognition
重点短语
1.because of 因为;由于
归纳拓展 because of的同义短语:
①due to 由于(作表语或状语)
②owing to 由于(作表语或状语)
③as a result of 因为;由于(作状语)
④thanks to 多亏;由于(作状语)
⑤on account of 因为(作状语)
单句填空
①While restaurants throw away tons of food each year,much of it
remains inaccessible locked garbage containers,health
regulations,or business policies.(2019年6月浙江,完形填空)
一句多译
②由于有了这些额外的时间,就没有一种马上要做完作业的紧迫感了。
all this extra time,there was no
sense of urgency to do my school work immediately.
(2018年6月浙江,完形填空)
because of
Because of∕Thanks to∕Owing to
特别提示 due to一般不放于句首,如果放在句首,要用because of或owing to 来代替。
2.come up 走近;上来;发芽,发生;(被)提出;(太阳、月亮等)上升
归纳拓展 ①come up with想出,提出;产生
②come about发生
③come across穿过(路、桥);偶遇;偶然发现(=come
upon)
④come on赶快;得了吧
⑤come out出版;出来,出现;结果是
⑥come to 苏醒;总计;达到;谈到
⑦when it comes to...当谈到……
用上述短语的适当形式填空
①On a regular day,students at the school sometimes to him
to say they’re not feeling well.(2019天津,阅读表达)
②I an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.
③Several of the members have suggestions of their
own.
come up
came across
come up with
特别提示
3.make use of 利用;使用
用use相关词组或句式完成句子
①Time is precious and should .
(充分利用).
②It is no use (试图说服他) to have a holiday
because he is a workaholic.
be made full∕good use of∕be made
the best∕most of
trying to persuade him
重点句型
1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they
don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。
归纳拓展 ①even if∕though“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,从句中
常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
②as if∕though“似乎,好像”,引导方式状语从句或表语从
句。当从句内容与事实相反时,从句用虚拟语气。
完成句子
①尽管你不喜欢这部电影,你最好看完它。
you don’t like this film,you’d better see it out.
②她为什么不请我们喝一杯?她又不是没有钱。
Why doesn’t she buy us a drink ?It isn’t .
Even if∕though
as if she had no money
2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。
完成句子
①美国人每年要消耗掉1 000多亿个薄膜塑料袋。
Americans use thin film plastic bags every
year.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解B)
②这个作家名不副实。
The writer is in reality.
③本商店很乐意为您送货上门。
The store is to deliver goods to your home.
④一些人会认为花园只不过是花草树木,不同的图案和多种颜色。
Some people may think that a garden is plants,
flowers,patterns and masses of color.
more than 100 billion
more in name than
more than happy
no more than
3.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
句中“no such+单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”,其中单数名词前不可再加冠词,相当于“not such a∕an+单数名词”。
完成句子
任何事情都是要付出代价的,在这个世界上没有免费的午餐。
Everything comes with a price;there is a free lunch in the world.
比较下列句子,注意其连接词的作用
A:The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.(as引导定语从句)
B:The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.(that引导结果状语从句)
no such thing as
Unit 2 English around the world
阅读词汇 1.subway n. 地下人行道;<美>地铁2.elevator n. 电梯;升降机3.petrol n. <英>汽油(=<美>gasoline)4.gas n. 汽油;气体;煤气;毒气5.conquer vt. 征服;占领6.apartment n. <美>公寓住宅;单元住宅7.Danish n. 丹麦语adj. 丹麦的;丹麦人的;丹麦语的8.enrich vt. 使富裕;充实;改善9.identity n. 本身;本体;身份10.dialect n. 方言11.midwestern adj. 中西部的;有中西部特性的12.African adj. 非洲的;非洲人的;非洲语言的13.Spanish adj. 西班牙的;西班牙人的;西班牙语的n. 西班牙人;西班牙语14.eastern adj. 东方的;东部的15.southeastern adj. 东南方的;来自东南的16.northwestern adj. 西北方的;来自西北的17.lorry n. <英>卡车(=<美>truck)18.lightning n. 闪电19.cab n. 出租车20.usage n. 使用;用法;词语惯用法21.accent n. 口音;腔调;重音22.block n. 街区;块;木块;石块
识记词汇 1.official adj. 官方的;正式的;公务的2.voyage n. 航行;航海3.native adj. 本国的;本地的n. 本地人;本国人4.actually adv. 实际上;事实上5.base vt. 以……为根据n. 基部;基地;基础6.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的7.gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地8.spelling n. 拼写;拼法9.vocabulary n. 词汇;词汇量;词表10.latter adj. 较后的;后半的; (两者中)后者的11.fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的12.fluently adv. 流利地;流畅地13.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的14.frequently adv. 常常;频繁地15.command n.& vt. 命令;指令;掌握
识记词汇 16.request n.& vt. 请求;要求17.expression n. 词语;表示;表达18.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认19.straight adv. 直接;挺直adj. 直的;笔直的;正直的
拓展词汇 1.actually adv. 实际上;事实上→actual adj. 真实的;实际的2.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的→gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地3.latter adj. 较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj. 最新的;最近的→later adj. 后期的;后者的→lately adv. 近来;最近4.fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的→fluently adv. 流利地;流畅地→fluency n. 流利;流畅5.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的→frequently adv. 常常;频繁地→frequency n. 频率6.expression n. 词语;表示;表达→express vt. 表达7.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认→recognition n. 认出;认识
短语记忆 1.because of 因为;由于2.come up 走近;上来;提出3.make use of 利用;使用4.such as 例如……;像这种的5.at present 现在;目前6.play a part (in) 扮演一个角色;参与?7.be based on 以……为基础8.believe it or not 信不信由你9.more than 不仅仅是,不只是10.communicate with sb. 与……交流∕交际11.the number of... ……的数量
句型整理 1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。3.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
重点语法 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (Ⅱ):requests and commands[直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ):请求和命令]
1.base vt.以……为根据
n.基部;基地;基础
归纳拓展 ①base...on∕upon... 根据……;以……为基础②be based on∕upon以……为基础③on the basis of 根据,在……的基础上,基于
单句填空
①Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.
②First,he showed us the basic (base) steps and skills of making dough figurines.?
③Just as the saying goes,“One tree doesn’t make a forest.”; our success is based on∕upon cooperating with others.?
2.command n.[C]命令;指令;[U]掌握;控制
vt.命令,指挥;支配
归纳拓展 ①under one’s command=under the command of sb.由某人指挥②have a good command of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)③be in command of 掌握;控制④at∕by sb.’s command 听某人支配⑤command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事⑥command that...(should) do...命令……⑦take command of 控制;担任……的指挥
单句填空
①I’m at your command — what would you like me to do?
②If you do not serve others,you cannot take command of them.
完成句子
③我相信自己有能力做好这个志愿工作,因为我有很好的英语口语能力。
I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of oral English.(2018年6月浙江,应用文写作)
④军官命令他到房间外面去。
The officer commanded that he (should) go out of the room.?
⑤A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on (以……为基础)trust and existing relationships.(2019北京,阅读理解C )?
3.request n.& vt.请求;要求
归纳拓展 ①request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事②request that sb.(should) do sth.请求……③It is requested that sb.(should) do sth....据要求……④at sb.’s request=at the request of sb.应某人之要求
单句填空
①All the students are requested to attend (attend) the annual school celebration.
②What’s your opinion of Peter’s request that we (should)spend (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
③It is requested (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
4.recognize vt.辨认出;承认
归纳拓展 ①recognize sb.∕sb.’s voice∕sb.’s handwriting 认出某人∕听出某人的声音∕认出某人的笔迹②be recognized to be∕as...被认作……∕被认为是……③It is recognized that...人们公认……④beyond∕out of recognition认不出来
完成句子
①我们应该特别承认我们孩子们砥砺前行,并致力于实现目标的努力。(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)
We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.
②人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。
It is recognized that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
③自从上次离开这里以来,这个城镇已变得认不出来。
The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.
1.because of 因为;由于
归纳拓展 because of的同义短语:①due to 由于(作表语或状语)②owing to 由于(作表语或状语)③as a result of 因为;由于(作状语)④thanks to 多亏;由于(作状语)⑤on account of 因为(作状语)
单句填空
①While restaurants throw away tons of food each year,much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage containers,health regulations,or business policies.(2019年6月浙江,完形填空)
一句多译
②由于有了这些额外的时间,就没有一种马上要做完作业的紧迫感了。
Because of∕Thanks to∕Owing to all this extra time,there was no sense of urgency to do my school work immediately.(2018年6月浙江,完形填空)
due to一般不放于句首,如果放在句首,要用because of或owing to 来代替。
2.come up 走近;上来;发芽,发生;(被)提出;(太阳、月亮等)上升
归纳拓展 ①come up with想出,提出;产生②come about发生③come across穿过(路、桥);偶遇;偶然发现(=come upon)④come on赶快;得了吧⑤come out出版;出来,出现;结果是⑥come to 苏醒;总计;达到;谈到⑦when it comes to...当谈到……
用上述短语的适当形式填空
①On a regular day,students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well.(2019天津,阅读表达)
②I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.
③Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
3.make use of 利用;使用
归纳拓展 ① 充分利用②come into use 开始被使用③bring∕put...to use 加以使用④be of great use 很有用⑤It is∕was no use doing sth.做……没用
用use相关词组或句式完成句子
①Time is precious and should be made full∕good use of∕be made the best∕most of(充分利用).
②It is no use trying to persuade him(试图说服他) to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.
1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。
归纳拓展 ①even if∕though“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。②as if∕though“似乎,好像”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。当从句内容与事实相反时,从句用虚拟语气。
完成句子
①尽管你不喜欢这部电影,你最好看完它。
Even if∕though you don’t like this film,you’d better see it out.
②她为什么不请我们喝一杯?她又不是没有钱。
Why doesn’t she buy us a drink ?It isn’t as if she had no money.
2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。
归纳拓展 ①more...than...③④
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①美国人每年要消耗掉1 000多亿个薄膜塑料袋。
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解B)
②这个作家名不副实。
The writer is more in name than in reality.
③本商店很乐意为您送货上门。
The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.
④一些人会认为花园只不过是花草树木,不同的图案和多种颜色。
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.
3.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
句中“no such+单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”,其中单数名词前不可再加冠词,相当于“not such a∕an+单数名词”。
归纳拓展 ①such++that结果
状语从句②such...as...像……这样的……,as在句中引导定语从句
完成句子
任何事情都是要付出代价的,在这个世界上没有免费的午餐。
Everything comes with a price;there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
比较下列句子,注意其连接词的作用
A:The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.(as引导定语从句)
B:The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.(that引导结果状语从句)
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