(共35张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
基础知识
考点知识
基础知识 抓主干·固双基
天文学
1.astronomy n. .
2.astronomer n.
3.solar adj.
4.billion pron.& n.& adj.
5.carbon n.
6.dissolve vt.& vi.
7.acid n.
8.mammal n.
天文学家
太阳的;日光的
<英>万亿;<美>十亿
碳
溶解;解散
酸
哺乳动物
阅
读
词
汇
9.dioxide n.
10.extinct adj.
11.lessen vi.& vt.
12.weightlessly adv.
13.solar system .
14.carbon dioxide .
二氧化物
灭绝的;绝种的
减少;减轻
失重地
太阳系
二氧化碳
1. n. 系统;体系;制度
2. n. 宗教;宗教信仰
3. n. 学说;理论
4. adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的
5. n. 大气层;气氛
6. prep. 与……不同;不像
7. adj. 基本的;基础的
8. n. 出席;到场;存在
9. adj. 有害的
10. n. 链子;连锁;锁链
11. n. 反应;回应
system
religion
theory
violent
atmosphere
unlike
fundamental
presence
harmful
chain
reaction
识
记
词
汇
12. vi.& vt. 乘;增加
13. n. 氧
14. vi. 存在;生存
15. adv. 因此;于是
16. n. 谜;难题
vt.& vi. (使) 迷惑;(使)为难
17. n. 生物学
18. n. 生物学家
19. n. 万有引力;重力
20. n. 卫星;人造卫星
21. adj. 温和的;文雅的
multiply
oxygen
exist
thus
puzzle
biology
biologist
gravity
satellite
gentle
22. n. 物理学家
23. n. 气候
24. vi.& vt.碰撞;坠落
25. n. 宇宙飞船
26. n.& vt. 拉(力);拖;牵引力
27. vi.& vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮
n. 漂浮物
28. n. 球体;地球仪;地球
29. vt.用尽;耗尽;使精疲力尽
physicist
climate
crash
spaceship
pull
float
globe
exhaust
religious
1.religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰→ adj.宗教的
2.theory n.学说;理论→ adj.理论的;理论上的
3.violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ n. 暴力
→ adv. 猛烈地
4.harmful adj.有害的→ n.& v. 伤害→ adj.无害的
5.exist vi. 存在;生存→ n. 存在;生存
6.puzzle vt.& vi. (使)迷惑;(使)为难 n. 谜;难题→ adj.
迷惑不解的→ adj. 令人迷惑的
7.globe n.球体;地球仪;地球→ adj. 全球性的;全世界的
theoretical
violence
violently
harm
harmless
existence
puzzled
puzzling
global
拓
展
单
词
1. 及时;终于
2. 阻止;制止
3. 挡住(光线)
4. 既然
5. 突发;爆发
6. 感到高兴;感到振奋
7. 轮到某人
8. 产生;分娩
9. 密切注意;当心;提防
10. 熟悉;掌握;了解
11. 依赖;依靠
in time
prevent...from
block out
now that
break out
cheer up
in one’s turn
give birth to
watch out for
get the hang of
depend on
短
语
记
忆
were to make
1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,
water vapour and other gases,which the
earth’s atmosphere.
最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成
了地球的大气层。
2.This produced a chain reaction,which .
for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展
成为可能。
3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried
on the earth and fell over.
而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨
度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。
made it possible
twice as far as
句
型
整
理
Noun clauses as the subject
(主语从句)
重点
语法
考点知识 解疑难·提知能
重点单词
1.exist vi.存在;生存
归纳拓展 ①There exist...有……;存在……
②come into existence产生;成立;开始存在
③in existence存在
④existing adj.现存的;现行的
单句填空
①As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still
(exist) today.
②So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going
out of (exist).(2019江苏,完形填空)
exists
existence
特别提示 exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。
2.lay v. 放置;搁;下(蛋);产(卵)
归纳
拓展 ①lay...aside搁置;储蓄
②lay...off停止使用;解雇某人
③lay out安排;布置;设计
完成句子
①判断人们的能力时,应该把自己的感情放在一边。
You should your feelings when judging people’s
abilities.?
②那家工厂解雇了1 000名工人。
That factory 1,000 workers.?
lay aside
laid off
特别提示 (注意以下词形变化)
原形 词义 词性 过去式 过去
分词 现在
分词
lie 说谎 不及物 lied lied lying
lie 躺,位于 不及物 lay lain lying
lay 放置;下蛋 及物 laid laid laying
用lay,lie的适当形式填空
①The boy that the white hen a black egg and
that he it in the box which under this bed.
②Mothers routinely babies on their backs to sleep.
lied
had laid
had laid
was lying
lay
重点短语
1.in time及时;终于;总有一天
归纳拓展 ①on time准时;按时
②in no time立即;马上
③at a time一次;每次
④at one time曾经;一度
⑤at times有时
⑥from time to time有时;偶尔
用time相关短语填空
① ,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of
some mental illnesses.
②We’ll have that leak fixed .
③We must be for the early bus.
At one time
in no time
in time
2.prevent...from...阻止……;制止……
归纳拓展 ①stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事
②keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
③protect sb.from...保护某人不受……侵袭
④keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事
单句填空
①In that case,eat before the flight,or an empty stomach will
prevent you sleeping.
②We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by
supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches
intended (prevent) scammers from getting through.
(2019北京,阅读理解C)?
from
to prevent
特别提示 prevent∕stop sb.(from) doing sth.中的from可以省略,而keep sb.from doing sth.中的from不能省略。
3.now (that) 既然
归纳拓展 其他引导原因状语从句的连词:
because 因为;since 既然,因为;as由于
完成句子
①但是,由于信息正以不同方式进行传播和受到监控,研究人员正在寻找新的
规则。
But information is being spread and monitored(监控)in
different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.
②Yet, (既然我正在成长)and the world I once
knew as being so simple is becoming more complex,I find myself
needing a way to escape.(2019天津,阅读理解B)
now that
now that I’m growing
词语辨析:
now that 是固定短语,意为“既然;由于”,引导原因状语从句,that可省略。
because “因为”,表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。
since “既然,因为”(可与now that互换),侧重主句。
as “由于”,表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。
for “因为”,并列连词。
用以上词(组)填空
① you weren’t there,I left a message.
因为你不在那里,我给你留言了。
②I went back not because of the rain,but I was tired.
我并不是因为下雨才回来,而是因为我累了。
③ it is late,I shall go home now.
由于时间晚了,我现在要回家了。
④He shook his head, he thought differently.
他摇了摇头,因为有不同的看法。
As
because
Since∕Now that
for
4.break out(战争、火灾等)突发;爆发
归纳拓展 ①break away (from sb.∕sth.)脱离(政党等);打破(陈套等)
②break down出故障,抛锚;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉;
打倒,砸破;(化合物等)分解
③break up 打碎;解散;结束
④break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)
用break相关短语填空
①当战争爆发的时候,她的朋友们提供了帮助。
Her friends came to help her when the war .
(2017年6月浙江,完形填空)
②和谈失败了,没有达成任何协议。
The peace talks without any agreement being reached.
③当我把这件事告诉他时,他突然大笑起来。
When I told him the story,he laughter.
一句多译:上面③其他表达方式
④When I told him the story,he .
⑤When I told him the story,he .
broke out
broke down
broke into
burst into laughter
burst out laughing
5.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋
归纳拓展 ①cheer sb.up使某人高兴∕振奋
②cheer...on 为……加油
③cheer for...为……欢呼
④Cheers! 干杯!
用cheer相关短语填空
①我真心希望她能振作起来,勇敢地接受生活的挑战!
I do hope she can and accept the challenge of life
bravely!
②Cathy并没有期望得奖,但依然在那儿为朋友加油鼓劲,赞扬他们的成就。
Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to .
her friends and praise their accomplishments.
cheer up
cheer on
重点句型
1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour
and other gases,which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大
气层。
归纳拓展 be to do有五层意义:
①表示预定,“预定”,相当于be going to do。
②表示义务,“应该”,相当于should。
③表示可能,“会做”,相当于can∕could。
④表示命运,“注定”(通常用于过去时,描述过去的事实)。
⑤用于if...were to do,引导对将来的虚拟语气。
完成句子
①你什么时候回家?
When for home?
②她将于下个月结婚。
She next month.
are you to leave
is to get married
2.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to
develop.
这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。
归纳拓展 ①句中使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。即:
make+宾语+宾语补足语
②当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语,而把
不定式短语或从句后置,即make+it+宾语补足语+不定式短语或从句。
完成句子
①我们的老师使我们感到更自信。
Our teacher .
②精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
Mastering the technology the
Internet more effectively.
makes us feel more confident
makes it possible for us to use
3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as
far as on the earth and fell over.
而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球
上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。
归纳拓展 倍数的表达方式:
①“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”,表示“A比B大(长、高、
宽等)多少倍”。
②“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”。
③“A+倍数+the size∕height∕length∕width,etc.+of+B”,表示“A
是B大(高、长、宽等)的多少倍”。
完成句子
①她看这张卡片的时间是以前那张的两倍。
She looks at it for she did at the previous
card.
②他们军队的规模只有我们军队的一半左右。
Their army is about .
twice as long as
half the size of ours
Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
单元知识检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Computer hackers have broken down security (系统),raising questions about the safety of information.?
2.The three-star hotel offers a friendly (气氛)and personal service.?
3.There is a lot of rubbish (漂浮) on the surface of the river.?
4.There are many (理论)about the origin of life.?
5.The (气候) is different from place to place.?
6.I noticed her looking at me with a (迷惑的)stare.?
7.They are both teachers.Otherwise they are (不同).?
8.He (拉)the door open and rushed out.?
9.Water is (基本的)to the growth of plants.?
10.He often says that he doesn’t believe in any (宗教) and only believes in himself.?
答案:1.systems 2.atmosphere 3.floating 4.theories 5.climate 6.puzzled 7.unlike 8.pulled 9.fundamental 10.religion
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The designer could not have dreamt that she would become such a (globe) star as she is today.?
2.As we all know,staying up too late is (harm) to one’s health.?
3.The breeze of the south comes (gentle).The noisy parrot sleeps in its cage.?
4.The (exist) of water makes it possible for us to live.?
5. (lay) eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job.?
6.The French government called for an end to the (violent).?
7.People hope that measures will be taken to prevent house prices (rise).?
8.Fans from around the world gathered (cheerful) to celebrate their love for Hello Kitty.?
9.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.?
10.You can depend on that he will lend you some money to help you out.?
答案:1.global 2.harmful 3.gently 4.existence 5.Laying 6.violence 7.rising 8.cheerfully 9.where 10.it
Ⅲ.短语检测
1.Once he has made up his mind,nothing can (阻止他做)so.?
2.Give Mary a call;she needs (振作).?
3.We arrived in the summer,just (赶上欣赏)the midnight sun.?
4.Fighting (爆发) between the groups of football fans.?
5. (既然你已长大),you should not rely on your parents.?
答案:1.prevent him from doing 2.cheering up 3.in time to enjoy 4.broke out 5.Now that
you’ve grown up
Ⅳ.根据提示词或相关要求补全句子
1.目前的情况使我们很难按时完成任务。(make it)
The present situation the task on time.?
2.仔细研究地图后,我发现这个村庄是那个村庄的两倍大。(倍数表达)
I find this village that one after studying the map carefully.?
3.为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼,我们学校在4月10日组织了一次爬山活动。(encourage)
,our school organized a mountain climbing on April 10.?
4.众所周知,在1949年中国以一个独立的国家存在了。(exist)
As is known to us, as an independent country in 1949.?
5.你应该报警。(be to do)
You to the police.?
答案:1.makes it difficult for us to accomplish 2.is twice as large as 3.In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise 4.China came into existence 5.are to report
Ⅴ.课文缩写填空
The earth was just a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”. Then the dust settled into a solid globe which was 1. (violence) and exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were 2. time to produce the earth’s atmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface,which allowed the earth to dissolve 3. (harm) gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop. Many millions of years later,small plants appeared. They 4. (multiply) and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen,which encouraged the later 5. (develop) of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Then land animals spread all over the earth. Some were insects.Others,6. (call) amphibians,were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by laying 7. (egg).Then mammals appeared and 8. (exist) on the earth. These animals were different from all life forms in the past,because they gave birth 9. young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. Finally humans become the most important animals on the planet. But they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat from 10. (escape) from the earth into space. As a result of this,many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.?
答案:1.violent 2.in 3.harmful 4.multiplied 5.development 6.called 7.eggs 8.existed 9.to 10.escaping
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Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
阅读词汇 1.astronomy n. 天文学2.astronomer n. 天文学家3.solar adj. 太阳的;日光的4.billion pron.& n.& adj. <英>万亿;<美>十亿5.carbon n. 碳6.dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解;解散7.acid n. 酸8.mammal n. 哺乳动物9.dioxide n. 二氧化物10.extinct adj. 灭绝的;绝种的11.lessen vi.& vt. 减少;减轻12.weightlessly adv. 失重地13.solar system 太阳系14.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
识记词汇 1.system n. 系统;体系;制度2.religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰3.theory n. 学说;理论4.violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的5.atmosphere n. 大气层;气氛6.unlike prep. 与……不同;不像7.fundamental adj. 基本的;基础的8.presence n. 出席;到场;存在9.harmful adj. 有害的10.chain n. 链子;连锁;锁链11.reaction n. 反应;回应12.multiply vi.& vt. 乘;增加13.oxygen n. 氧14.exist vi. 存在;生存15.thus adv. 因此;于是16.puzzle n. 谜;难题vt.& vi. (使) 迷惑;(使)为难17.biology n. 生物学18.biologist n. 生物学家19.gravity n. 万有引力;重力20.satellite n. 卫星;人造卫星21.gentle adj. 温和的;文雅的22.physicist n. 物理学家23.climate n. 气候24.crash vi.& vt. 碰撞;坠落25.spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26.pull n.& vt. 拉(力);拖;牵引力27.float vi.& vt. (使)浮动;(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物28.globe n. 球体;地球仪;地球29.exhaust vt. 用尽;耗尽;使精疲力尽
拓展词汇 1.religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的2.theory n.学说;理论→theoretical adj.理论的;理论上的3.violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→violence n. 暴力→violently adv. 猛烈地4.harmful adj.有害的→harm n.& v. 伤害→harmless adj.无害的5.exist vi. 存在;生存→existence n. 存在;生存6.puzzle vt.& vi. (使)迷惑;(使)为难 n. 谜;难题→puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的→puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的7.globe n.球体;地球仪;地球→global adj. 全球性的;全世界的
短语记忆 1.in time 及时;终于2.prevent...from 阻止;制止3.block out 挡住(光线)4.now that 既然5.break out 突发;爆发6.cheer up 感到高兴;感到振奋7.in one’s turn 轮到某人8.give birth to 产生;分娩9.watch out for 密切注意;当心;提防10.get the hang of 熟悉;掌握;了解11.depend on 依赖;依靠
句型整理 1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。2.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。
重点语法 Noun clauses as the subject(主语从句)
1.exist vi.存在;生存
归纳拓展 ①There exist...有……;存在……②come into existence产生;成立;开始存在③in existence存在④existing adj.现存的;现行的
单句填空
①As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists(exist) today.
②So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence(exist).(2019江苏,完形填空)
exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。
2.lay v. 放置;搁;下(蛋);产(卵)
归纳拓展 ①lay...aside搁置;储蓄②lay...off停止使用;解雇某人③lay out安排;布置;设计
完成句子
①判断人们的能力时,应该把自己的感情放在一边。
You should lay aside your feelings when judging people’s abilities.?
②那家工厂解雇了1 000名工人。
That factory laid off 1,000 workers.?
(注意以下词形变化)
原形 词义 词性 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie 说谎 不及物 lied lied lying
lie 躺,位于 不及物 lay lain lying
lay 放置;下蛋 及物 laid laid laying
用lay,lie的适当形式填空
①The boy lied that the white hen had laid a black egg and that he had laid it in the box which was lying under this bed.
②Mothers routinely lay babies on their backs to sleep.
1.in time及时;终于;总有一天
归纳拓展 ①on time准时;按时②in no time立即;马上③at a time一次;每次④at one time曾经;一度⑤at times有时⑥from time to time有时;偶尔
用time相关短语填空
①At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
②We’ll have that leak fixed in no time.
③We must be in time for the early bus.
2.prevent...from...阻止……;制止……
归纳拓展 ①stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事②keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事③protect sb.from...保护某人不受……侵袭④keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事
单句填空
①In that case,eat before the flight,or an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.
②We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent (prevent) scammers from getting through.(2019北京,阅读理解C)?
prevent∕stop sb.(from) doing sth.中的from可以省略,而keep sb.from doing sth.中的from不能省略。
3.now (that) 既然
归纳拓展 其他引导原因状语从句的连词:because 因为;since 既然,因为;as由于
完成句子
①但是,由于信息正以不同方式进行传播和受到监控,研究人员正在寻找新的规则。
But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控)in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.
②Yet,now that I’m growing (既然我正在成长)and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex,I find myself needing a way to escape.(2019天津,阅读理解B)
词语辨析:
now that 是固定短语,意为“既然;由于”,引导原因状语从句,that可省略。
because “因为”,表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。
since “既然,因为”(可与now that互换),侧重主句。
as “由于”,表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。
for “因为”,并列连词。
用以上词(组)填空
①As you weren’t there,I left a message.
因为你不在那里,我给你留言了。
②I went back not because of the rain,but because I was tired.
我并不是因为下雨才回来,而是因为我累了。
③Since∕Now that it is late,I shall go home now.
由于时间晚了,我现在要回家了。
④He shook his head,for he thought differently.
他摇了摇头,因为有不同的看法。
4.break out(战争、火灾等)突发;爆发
归纳拓展 ①break away (from sb.∕sth.)脱离(政党等);打破(陈套等)②break down出故障,抛锚;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉;打倒,砸破;(化合物等)分解③break up 打碎;解散;结束④break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)
用break相关短语填空
①当战争爆发的时候,她的朋友们提供了帮助。
Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.(2017年6月浙江,完形填空)
②和谈失败了,没有达成任何协议。
The peace talks broke down without any agreement being reached.
③当我把这件事告诉他时,他突然大笑起来。
When I told him the story,he broke into laughter.
一句多译:上面③其他表达方式
④When I told him the story,he burst into laughter.
⑤When I told him the story,he burst out laughing.
5.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋
归纳拓展 ①cheer sb.up使某人高兴∕振奋②cheer...on 为……加油③cheer for...为……欢呼④Cheers! 干杯!
用cheer相关短语填空
①我真心希望她能振作起来,勇敢地接受生活的挑战!
I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely!
②Cathy并没有期望得奖,但依然在那儿为朋友加油鼓劲,赞扬他们的成就。
Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments.
1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。
归纳拓展 be to do有五层意义:①表示预定,“预定”,相当于be going to do。②表示义务,“应该”,相当于should。③表示可能,“会做”,相当于can∕could。④表示命运,“注定”(通常用于过去时,描述过去的事实)。⑤用于if...were to do,引导对将来的虚拟语气。
完成句子
①你什么时候回家?
When are you to leave for home?
②她将于下个月结婚。
She is to get married next month.
2.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.
这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。
归纳拓展 ①句中使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。即: make+宾语+宾语补足语②当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语,而把不定式短语或从句后置,即make+it+宾语补足语+不定式短语或从句。
完成句子
①我们的老师使我们感到更自信。
Our teacher makes us feel more confident.
②精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.
3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。
归纳拓展 倍数的表达方式:①“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”,表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。②“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”。③“A+倍数+the size∕height∕length∕width,etc.+of+B”,表示“A是B大(高、长、宽等)的多少倍”。
完成句子
①她看这张卡片的时间是以前那张的两倍。
She looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.
②他们军队的规模只有我们军队的一半左右。
Their army is about half the size of ours.
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