Unit 1-Unit 2语言要点和语法拓展 课件（58张PPT，无音频）

(共58张PPT)
8A Unit 1-2
语言要点和语法拓展
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Part I Words and expressions
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1. secret
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secret
含义
n. 秘密
n. 秘诀
n. 奥秘
I will tell you a secret.
The secret of success is to keep confident.
The scientists are searching for the secrets of nature.
adj. 秘密的
They are carrying out a secret mission.
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secret
派生
adv. secretly 秘密地
A meeting was held in Zunyi secretly in 1935.
短语
keep a secret 保守秘密
in secret 秘密地，偷偷地
Will you keep a secret for me?
They met each other in secret.
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secret
Practice:
Qian Xuesen came back to China in _______ with his wife in 1955.
secret


secretly
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2. patient
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patient
patiently adv. 耐心地
patience n. 耐心，耐性
impatient adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的
派生




含义
adj. 耐心的； n. 病人
The doctor was very patient with the patients.
医生对他的病人很有耐心。
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patient
be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
be patient of sth 忍耐某事
His leg is broken, so you should be more patient with him.
他的腿断了，所以你应该对他更耐心点。
I can't be patient of your childish questions any more.
我再也不能忍受你那些幼稚的问题了。
搭配


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patient
Practice:


她对孩子特别有耐心。
She is especially patient with children.

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3. honest
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honest
含义
adj. 诚实的，正直的
I think he is an honest man.
习语
to be honest 老实说
To be honest, I am tired. 说实话，我累了。
派生
honestly adv. 诚实地，正直地
dishonest adj. 不诚实的，不正直的
honesty n. 诚实，正直
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honest


___________is a virtue.
诚实是美德。
Honesty
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4. lie
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含义
变形
lie (1)
vi. 存在；平躺；处于
It's relaxing to lie in the sun.
躺在阳光下很放松。
China lies in the east of the world.
中国位于世界的东方。
The difficulty lies in providing enough water.
困难在于提供足够的水。

lie - lies; lie - lying; lie - lay - lain.
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lie (2)
含义
变形
lie - lies; lie - lying; lie - lied - lied
vi./n. 撒谎
短语
lie to sb 向某人说谎
tell a lie/ tell lies 说谎
a big lie 大谎话
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lie & lay
lay eggs产蛋
lay the table 摆放桌子
lie说谎
lie躺
lay - laying - laid - laid
lie - lying - lied - lied
lie - lying - lay- lain
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lie


When we walked past the playground yesterday, we found her _________ (lie) on the grass, enjoying the sun.
lying
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5. almost
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含义
adv. 几乎，差不多
修饰形容词
It's almost impossible.
almost
She fell and almost broke her leg.
修饰动词




修饰短语
修饰代词
She visits her friend almost every day.
Almost no one believed him.






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近义词
almost
nearly
She fell and almost / nearly broke her leg.
她跌倒了，险些摔断了腿。
近义表达
almost no 相当于hardly
There is almost no space to sit. = There is hardly any space to sit.
Almost no one believed him. = Hardly anyone believed him.
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--- You look so tired.
--- I ________slept last night. I feel terrible now.
A. hardly B. already
C. usually D. almost
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6. fit
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fit
动词
vt. & vi. 可容纳，装进
His legs are too long to fit under the desk.
The shoes fit well in the box.

I should be able to fit one more in it.
vt. & vi. 适合，合身
The dress is fine, but the shoes don't fit.
The big shoes don't fit her.
动词
vt. & vi. 可容纳，装进
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形容词
adj. 健康的，健壮的
Playing basketball can help you to keep fit.
fit
adj. 合适的，恰当的
The dress is fit for the party.
名词
n. （尤指衣服）适合，合身
The dress was a perfect fit.
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7. trust
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动词
I trust his judgement.
I just don't trust him.
Can I trust you to do this work well?
He trusts that all will be fine.

A child has trust in his mother.
Friendship is based on trust.
含义
vt. & vi. 信任，相信
trust
拓展
n. 信任，信赖




trust sb to do sth
trust sb/ sth
trust that ...
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8. knock
Be careful! Don't knock the piano.
小心！不要碰到钢琴。
含义1
vt. 碰、撞，把......撞击成.....
knock
短语
knock ... onto the floor 把......撞到地板上
knock... over 把......撞翻
knock sth off (...) 把某物(从......上)撞掉
Example：He knocked the bowl off the table.
他把碗从桌子上撞了下来。
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knock
vi. 敲，敲门
含义2
We knocked at/on the door but nobody was there.
n. 敲，打击，敲门声，敲击声
含义3
There was a knock at the window.
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9. make
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make
含义
vt. 做，制作，制造
使，使得，使成为
They are making kites.
用法1
make sth 制作/制造某物
make sb sth= make sth for sb 为某人制造某物
We made Mum a cake on her birthday.
We made a cake for Mum on her birthday.
做，制造
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make
用法2
制造
be made of/ from +材料 （由......制成）
The red wine is made from grapes.
The desk is made of wood.
be made in +地点 （在......制造的）
The red wine is made in France.
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make
用法3
使，使得，使成为
make sb/sth+n. （使某人/某物成为......）
We made him head of our group.
make sb/sth+adj. （使某人/某物......）
The bad news made him sad.
make sb do sth. （使某人做某事）
The boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day.
The workers were made to work for 12 hours a day.

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Colours can change our feelings, and make us _______happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.
A. feel B. to feel
C. felt D. feeling
make

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10. voice
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voice
含义
n. 嗓音
The girl has a sweet voice.
The boy always speaks in a low voice.
n. 意见

We need to listen to the voices of others.
v. 表达，吐露
They voiced their opinions of the plan.
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voice
一般指人或鸟特有的嗓音
辨析
voice, noise, sound
voice
n. 嗓音
His voice is nice.
noise
n. 噪音
常指不和谐、不悦耳的声音，即吵闹声，喧哗声
Don't make so much noise. Father is sleeping.
sound
n. 声音
泛指人能听到的任何声音
Light travels faster than sound in the air.
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voice, noise, sound


As soon as he picked up the phone, he recognized her __________.
A. sound B. voice C. noise
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11. spend
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spend
含义
vt. 花费(时间、金钱)
用法
spend some time/ money on sth
花费（时间、金钱）在某事上
spend some time/ money （in）doing sth花费（时间、金钱）做某事
Lily spent 20 dollars on the dress.
Lucy spends an hour (in) doing exercise every day.
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辨析
spend 1. Sb spends ...on sth.
2. Sb spends ... (in)doing sth. 某人花费时间或钱在某物或做某事上
pay Sb pays some money for sth. 某人付钱买某物
take It takes sb some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人时间
cost Sth costs (sb) some money. 某物花费某人钱








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spend, pay, take, cost
1. My brother often _______ a lot of money on books.
2. How much did you _______ for the shelf?
3. It ____ us an hour to practise playing basketball yesterday.
4. The skirt _____ Lily 300 yuan and she liked it.
spends
pay
took
cost
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12. offer
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offer
含义1
vt. 自愿给予，提供
The young man offered the old woman his seat.
含义2
vt. 主动提出，提议
He offered a new suggestion.
He offered to lend me his bike.
含义3
n. 主动提议；报价
Thank you for your offer to help me.
There is a special offer today.
offer sb sth= offer sth to sb
offer to do sth


Parents' often ______their children ______some advice.
A. offer, with B. offer, /
C. provide, with D. both B and C
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offer sb sth= offer sth to sb
provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb
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Part II Grammar
1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成
2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
4. 数量的比较


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clean
short
cute
happy
lazy
big
thin
sad
difficult
quickly
good
badly
cleaner/ cleanest
shorter/shortest
cuter/cutest
happier/ happiest
lazier/ laziest
bigger/ biggest
thinner/ thinnest
sadder/ saddest
more/ most difficult
more/ most quickly
better/best
worse/ worst



short adjs. and advs.
long adjs. and advs.



special adjs. and advs.
1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成


sadder /est
redder /est
thinner /est
fatter /est
slimmer/est
bigger /est
wetter/est
hotter/est
g
good/well -better - best
many/much - more - most
ill/bad/badly- worse -worst
little - less - least
far -farther -farthest
-further - furthest
old - older - olest
- elder - eldest
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考点1
比较级表示两者之间的比较，常用than表示。
C is taller than B. B is taller than A.
考点2
比较级前可以用a little, a bit,
much, far, a lot, even, any
等词来修饰。
B is a little/ a bit shorter than C.
A is much/ far/ a lot shorter than C.
2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法
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考点3
用比较级and比较级，表示“越来越......”。
After graduation, he is getting fatter and fatter.
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
考点4
The more we get together, the happier we'll be.
The less you eat, the thinner you will be.
The +比较级......, the + 比较级......,表示“越......,就越......”。
2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法
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2. 形容词和副词的比较级的用法
考点5
为了避免重复，常用 the one, that ；the ones 和those代替前面出现过的名词。
The weather of Tianjin is colder than _____of Guangzhou.
Streets in Shanghai are busier than _____ in Suzhou.

考点6
Shanghai is larger than ___________ in China.
Shanghai is larger tthan ___________ in Jiangsu.
any 和any other在比较级中的使用。
that
those
any other city
any city
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
基本用法
表示三者或三者以上的比较，形容词最高级前加the，副词最高级前可不加the。常用含among, of, in 等短语表示最高级范围。
Lucy is tall.
Lily is taller.
Lisa is the tallest among the three.
C runs fast.
B runs faster than C.
A runs (the) fastest of all.
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
考点1
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择，用以下结构：
Which/ Who is the +最高级+(名词), A, B or C?
Which is the _________, the train, the plane or the ship? (fast)
考点2
one of the +最高级+名词复数
表示“最......之一”
The Changjiang River is one of the _________ rivers. (long)
fastest
longest
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
考点3
“the +序数词+最高级”表示 “第几......的”。
The Yellow River the second_________ river in China. (long)
考点4
形容词最高级可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能加the。
This is Lily's _______ friend, Lucy. (good)
longest
best
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
考点5
借助other, else或否定词，可以用比较级表达最高级的概念。
Yao is taller than any other man in the group.
anybody else
Nobody is taller than Yao in the group.
Yao is the tallest man in the group.

4. 数量的比较
This year they have produced _______ rice _______ they did last year.
A. as less; as
B. as few; as
C. less; than
D. fewer; than



more... than: 可数名词/ 不可数名词

fewer ... than: 可数名词
less ... than: 不可数名词
“比......多”
“比......少”

4.Can you finish the work with _______ money and ______ workers?
A.fewest; least B. the least, the fewest
C. the fewest, the least D. least, fewest
4. 数量的比较



the most:可数/不可数名词

the fewest: 可数名词
the least: 不可数名词
“最多“
“最少”

Homework
Go over your notes and finish the after-class exercises.