(共22张PPT)
BOOK 3 MODULE 5
Philosophers of Ancient China
personality
contribution...
The Greatest Scientists of the 20th Century
Great people
influence
The Turing Award, the "Nobel Prize of Computer Science"
/f??l?s?fi/
the study of the nature and meaning of existence, truth, good and evil, etc
philosopher
/f??l?s?f?/
?[k?n'fju:??s]
Confucius
1.Why did Confucius grow up in poverty?
2.What best describes the political situation in China during the life of Confucius?
3.The collection of the sayings of Confucius is known in English as what?
Who is Confucius?
Who is Confucius ?
1.Why did Confucius grow up in poverty?
2.What best describes the political situation in China during the life of Confucius?
3.The collection of the sayings of Confucius is known in English as what?
Who is Confucius ?
The Analects
Exploring the old and inferring the new makes a teacher.
To learn without thinking is labor in vain, to think without learning is desolation.
Knowledge is not equal to devotion. Devotion is not equal to joy.
The family is important. We are members of a group.
Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
Confucius
温故而知新,可以为师矣 。
学而不思则罔,思而不学则怠。
知之者不如好知者,好知者不如乐知者。
家天下。
己所不欲, 勿施于人。
Confucius
Mencius
Mozi/Micius
?[k?n'fju:??s]
['men?i?s]
three great philosophers in ancient China
['mi?i?s]
[fi?l?s?f?]
What is main idea of the passage?
A. The author wants to make people believe in the teachings by ancient thinkers.
B. The author wants to introduce three influential philosophers of ancient China.
C. The author wants to tell interesting stories about three important teachers in ancient China.
D. The author wants to show the history of philosophy in ancient China.
Look?at?photos,?titles?and?the?first?sentence?
of?each paragraph.?These?usually?
contain?some?or?all?of?the?main?ideas.?
Task1: Fast Reading
His teachings:
He stressed the importance of ____________, __________ and order in society.
His influence:
His influence has been ___________ . Chinese society was influenced by his ideas for more than _________ years.
para. 1 Introduction to Confucius
kindness
duty
the greatest
2,000
Match philosophies with proper situations
Kindness
duty
order
Drivers need to obey traffic rules.
Be ready to help people in need.
People should protect our homeland.
a. He was given an important
position in the government
of a state.
b. He was brought up by his
mother____________________(when)
c. He resigned ____________________
______________________(why)
d. He prepared a book of his teaching called The Book of Mencius
e. He became a student of Confucius .
b
-e
-a
-c
-d
after his father died.
because the ruler was not following his advice
Para.2---Mencius
Fill in the blanks & put these events in proper order
2 Translate his philosophy:
Man is born good.
People were more important than rulers.
性本善
民贵君轻
People are to rulers what water is to ships.
水能载舟,亦能覆舟
2. What are the similarities and differences between Mohism and Confucianism ?
Mohism Confucianism
Similarities
Differences
The government was important.
As for love, Mozi believed that we should love all human beings and look after weeker people.
1. What did Mozi found?
Mohism.
Ancient China was a time _______ there were many
great philosophers. Confucius ________ (stress) the
importance of _________(kind), duty and order in
society, ______have been influencing Chinese society
for more than 2,000 years. Mencius, ______ teachings
were very similar to _____of Confucius, was given an
important position in the government of a state.
________, when the ruler refused _______(follow) his
advice, he _________ and began to travel from state to
state,________(teach)the principle of Confucius. Mozi,
who was a very _________(influence)teacher, founded
the philosophy ______(call) Mohism. Mozi believed
that all men were______ (equality) to each other.
stressed
which
However
those
influential
called
kindness
equal
teaching
to follow
Task4: Post Reading
whose
resigned
when
Group Discussion Make a speech
Discuss with your group members to introduce your/his/her favourite philosopher from the passage.
a. Who do you admire most? Why?
b. Which philosophy of his do you think we need to stress today? Why?
Treat others in the way you want to be treated. Confucius
Exploring the old and inferring the new makes a teacher. Confucius
Man is born good. Mencius
People are more important than rulers. Mencius
All human beings are equal. Mozi
We should love all human beings. Mozi
cemetery
be exposed to
funeral ceremonies 丧葬礼仪
surroundings
have a negative influence on
fair/market
way of business people
a house near a school
classics and etiquette诗书礼仪
right place
growth
孟母三迁 Mencius' Mother Moved Three Times
when; what; why; how
What do you learn from the story?
孟子是中国古代一位著名的哲学家,其影响仅次于孔子。
他小时候家住在墓地附近,耳濡目染的都是些有关丧葬礼仪(funeral ceremony)的事情。孟母担心这里的环境对他的影响不好,于是就搬家了。新家靠近集市,孟子又学着商人做买卖,孟母不愿自己的孩子长大成为一个商人,于是又搬家了。第三次的新居在学校附近,孟子就跟着学生学习诗书礼仪(classic and etiquette)。孟母认为找到了理想的地方,于是决定在这里长住下去。
由此可见,孟母意识到了环境对孩子成长的影响。
Mencius, whose influence was second only to Confucius, was an eminent philosopher in ancient China.
When he was young, his family lived near a cemetery, so he was fully exposed to funeral ceremonies. Mencius' mother was worried that the surroundings would have a negative influence on him, so she decided to move.
They moved to a place next to a fair, and Mencius began to learn the ways of business people. His mother didn't want her son to become a businessman so she moved again.
This time they moved into a house near a school, and Mencius began to learn the classics and etiquette along with the students. His mother thought this was the right place for him and decided to stay there for good.
This shows that Mencius' mother realized the importance of the environment for children's growing up.
Assignment
1 Pick one of the beliefs or teachings
in the text, and write about your
opinion on it in 4-5 sentences.
(Try to use as many news words in this
text as possible. )
2 Visit http://www.philosophybasics.com
and find more about philosophers in
china and their philosophies.