高考英语二轮专题复习：定语从句 课件（30张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题复习：定语从句 课件（30张PPT） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2020-05-15 17:40:53 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
Review of attributive clanses
Grammar
复习定语从句
Underline the attributive clauses:
Don’t forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，
更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
This is the film which I saw last night.
This is the film whose name is Titanic .
The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy .
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .
the Attributive Clause
who指人，作主语
whom指人，作宾语
whose指物，作定语
that指物，作主语
which指物，作宾语
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。
在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句
“先行词”
“关系代词”
“关系副词”
形容词
1.指物时只用that 的情况
2.只用which的情况
3.关系代词as 的用法
4.as 与which的区别
5.高考考点---易混句型
6.历年高考试题
高考常见考点
考点一：
(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。
Is there anything else that you don’t understand ?
(2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is the first book (that) he has read ./ This is the best that has been used against pollution
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。
This is the only thing (that) I can do for you.
This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .
“that”
我的地盘?
(5)当主句的主语是疑问词which 时
Which is the bike that you lost yesterday?
(6)当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在从句中做表语时
He is no longer the man that he used to be . Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be .
way 后面的定语从句
way 后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或 不填，如：
I recognized he’s from Australia from
the way __________________ he speaks.
in which ( that / 不填)
practice
1.Everything_____you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.
2.All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.
3. The train is the last ____ will go to Shanghai.
4.The boy and the dog ____ are in the picture are very lovely.
5.The first lesson ___ I learned will be forgotten
6.The way_____you are doing it is completely crazy.
that
that
that
that
that
that
in which
/
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.（2008）
A.which B that C this D.it
考点二：指物时只用which的情况
2. The day ______ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.
A.on which B that C which D.this
考点三：关系代词 as 的用法
the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物
1) 表示“正如” ，“或像…一样”
He was late, as is often the case.
As anyone could see , they were very upset.
2) 与such 或the same连用, 引起定语从句
There are no such writers as you mention.
I have the same trouble as you(have).
｛
This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.
A. as B. that
C.the one D. A&B
D
比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
... the same pen that I lost.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。
（两者相似，但不是同一个）
表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .（同一个）
考点四：as 与 which 的区别
1) She has the same magazine _______ you have.
2) ______is well known,great changes have taken place in China recently.
3) Tom has made great progress, ______ made us happy.
4) She will fly to Washington, _____is the capital of the US.
as
which
As
which
He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.
他又迟到了, 这件事使老师非常生气.
Jack, as you know, is an honest man.
＝Jack is an honest man, as you know.
＝As you know, Jack is an honest man.
正如你所知, 杰克是个诚实的人.
1. 意义不同
which译为 “这件事”， 或“这....”
as 译为“正如，正像”， “像....一样”
常用结构as is known, as everyone knows , as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as mentioned above……
2. 位置不同
which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后
as 从句则可以放句首, 句中或句尾
总结:
1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of
_______ were black with disease.
b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______
were black with disease.
2). a. The professor is a little man, on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
b. The professor is a little man, and on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
解题点拨 :
是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
them
whom
which
him
__
__
高考考点五—易混句型
1.定语从句与并列句
1). a. The news ________our volleyball team
won the match made us excited.
b. The news __________he told me yesterday
is exciting.
2). a. I made a promise ______ if anyone set me
free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise ___________
pleased all her children.
that
(that/which)
that/which
that
解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语可省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
1) a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.
b. It is the room _______I lived last year.
2) a. It was at seven o’clock ______he went to
school this morning.
b. It was seven o’clock _______he went
to school this morning.
解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。
that
where
that
when
３.定语从句与强调句
专题专练
1. Do you think such a place ____ you speak of is worth visiting?
He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _____ I doubt very much.
There is a lake near our schoolyard, _____ depth is out of your expectation.
--Do you have anything in mind _____ you’d like for supper?
-- Well, anything is Ok for me.
5. The house in _______ he used to live has turned into a library.
as
which
whose
that
which
6. Students in our school, most of _____ are from the south of China, enjoy rice very much.
7. Can you think of a situation ______ this idiom is used?
8. ____ is often the case, teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.
9. This is the reason____I am against you
10.I’ll never forget that time ______ Miss Brown tried her best to help me .
whom
where
As
why
= in which
when
=at which
= for which
conclusion
先行词充当主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词
先行词充当状语，则用关系副词
that , who , whom , which , as ,
whose
where , when , why
1．(2011·高考北京卷)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ________, of course, made all the others upset.
A．who B．which
C．what D．that
历年高考试题
2．(2011·高考山东卷)The old town has narrow streets and small houses ______are built close to each other.
A．they B．where
C．what D．that
解析：选D. 此题考查定语从句的引导词. 关
系代词 that 代替先行词small houses, 在从句
中作主语. 句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭
窄, 小房子挨得很近.
3．(2011·高考江西卷)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A．for which B．with which
C．of which D．to which
解析：选C. 考查定语从句. 先行词为museum, 在从句中充当定语, 博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间. 介词用of. 选C.
4．(2011·高考江苏卷)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice?cream.
A．when B．where
C．that D．which
解析：选A. 考查定语从句. 句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间, 在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌.
5．(2012·温州十校联考)—I got an email from Susan, ________ said she was going abroad for sightseeing.
—Fantastic! That’s what she has been dreaming of.
A. which B. she C. whom D. it
6．(2011·江西师大开学试题)Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents ________ students got injured or killed while in school.
A．that B．when
C．in which D．for which
解析：选C. 考查定语从句的关系词. 此处 accidents 为先行词, in which 在定语从句中作状语, 相当于 in the accidents.
7．(2012·河南)He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A．which I think is B．which I think it is
C．which I think D．I think which is
解析：选A. 考查非限制性定语从句及插入
语. 此处 I think为插入语, which 是定语从句的关系代词.
8．Students shouldn’t be given such a difficult problem ______ they can not work out.
A．that B．which
C．while D．as
解析：选D. 在定语从句中, 当先行词被so/such 修饰时用 as 引导定语从句.
9.This is the house____we lived last year.（2009 北京）
A the one B which C that D in which
10.Last week, only two people came to look at the house , _____wanted to buy it.
A neither of them B both of them
C none of whom D neither of whom (2011安徽)
Homework
Write an article with the title “My Hometown” in 5 sentences, using attributive clauses.
eg: My hometown is a beautiful village whose name is....
Review of attributive clanses
Grammar
复习定语从句
Underline the attributive clauses:
Don’t forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，
更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
This is the film which I saw last night.
This is the film whose name is Titanic .
The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy .
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .
the Attributive Clause
who指人，作主语
whom指人，作宾语
whose指物，作定语
that指物，作主语
which指物，作宾语
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。
在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句
“先行词”
“关系代词”
“关系副词”
形容词
1.指物时只用that 的情况
2.只用which的情况
3.关系代词as 的用法
4.as 与which的区别
5.高考考点---易混句型
6.历年高考试题
高考常见考点
考点一：
(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。
Is there anything else that you don’t understand ?
(2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is the first book (that) he has read ./ This is the best that has been used against pollution
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。
This is the only thing (that) I can do for you.
This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .
“that”
我的地盘?
(5)当主句的主语是疑问词which 时
Which is the bike that you lost yesterday?
(6)当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在从句中做表语时
He is no longer the man that he used to be . Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be .
way 后面的定语从句
way 后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或 不填，如：
I recognized he’s from Australia from
the way __________________ he speaks.
in which ( that / 不填)
practice
1.Everything_____you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.
2.All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.
3. The train is the last ____ will go to Shanghai.
4.The boy and the dog ____ are in the picture are very lovely.
5.The first lesson ___ I learned will be forgotten
6.The way_____you are doing it is completely crazy.
that
that
that
that
that
that
in which
/
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.（2008）
A.which B that C this D.it
考点二：指物时只用which的情况
2. The day ______ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.
A.on which B that C which D.this
考点三：关系代词 as 的用法
the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物
1) 表示“正如” ，“或像…一样”
He was late, as is often the case.
As anyone could see , they were very upset.
2) 与such 或the same连用, 引起定语从句
There are no such writers as you mention.
I have the same trouble as you(have).
｛
This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.
A. as B. that
C.the one D. A&B
D
比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
... the same pen that I lost.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。
（两者相似，但不是同一个）
表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .（同一个）
考点四：as 与 which 的区别
1) She has the same magazine _______ you have.
2) ______is well known,great changes have taken place in China recently.
3) Tom has made great progress, ______ made us happy.
4) She will fly to Washington, _____is the capital of the US.
as
which
As
which
He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.
他又迟到了, 这件事使老师非常生气.
Jack, as you know, is an honest man.
＝Jack is an honest man, as you know.
＝As you know, Jack is an honest man.
正如你所知, 杰克是个诚实的人.
1. 意义不同
which译为 “这件事”， 或“这....”
as 译为“正如，正像”， “像....一样”
常用结构as is known, as everyone knows , as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as mentioned above……
2. 位置不同
which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后
as 从句则可以放句首, 句中或句尾
总结:
1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of
_______ were black with disease.
b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______
were black with disease.
2). a. The professor is a little man, on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
b. The professor is a little man, and on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
解题点拨 :
是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
them
whom
which
him
__
__
高考考点五—易混句型
1.定语从句与并列句
1). a. The news ________our volleyball team
won the match made us excited.
b. The news __________he told me yesterday
is exciting.
2). a. I made a promise ______ if anyone set me
free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise ___________
pleased all her children.
that
(that/which)
that/which
that
解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语可省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
1) a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.
b. It is the room _______I lived last year.
2) a. It was at seven o’clock ______he went to
school this morning.
b. It was seven o’clock _______he went
to school this morning.
解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。
that
where
that
when
３.定语从句与强调句
专题专练
1. Do you think such a place ____ you speak of is worth visiting?
He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _____ I doubt very much.
There is a lake near our schoolyard, _____ depth is out of your expectation.
--Do you have anything in mind _____ you’d like for supper?
-- Well, anything is Ok for me.
5. The house in _______ he used to live has turned into a library.
as
which
whose
that
which
6. Students in our school, most of _____ are from the south of China, enjoy rice very much.
7. Can you think of a situation ______ this idiom is used?
8. ____ is often the case, teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.
9. This is the reason____I am against you
10.I’ll never forget that time ______ Miss Brown tried her best to help me .
whom
where
As
why
= in which
when
=at which
= for which
conclusion
先行词充当主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词
先行词充当状语，则用关系副词
that , who , whom , which , as ,
whose
where , when , why
1．(2011·高考北京卷)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ________, of course, made all the others upset.
A．who B．which
C．what D．that
历年高考试题
2．(2011·高考山东卷)The old town has narrow streets and small houses ______are built close to each other.
A．they B．where
C．what D．that
解析：选D. 此题考查定语从句的引导词. 关
系代词 that 代替先行词small houses, 在从句
中作主语. 句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭
窄, 小房子挨得很近.
3．(2011·高考江西卷)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A．for which B．with which
C．of which D．to which
解析：选C. 考查定语从句. 先行词为museum, 在从句中充当定语, 博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间. 介词用of. 选C.
4．(2011·高考江苏卷)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice?cream.
A．when B．where
C．that D．which
解析：选A. 考查定语从句. 句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间, 在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌.
5．(2012·温州十校联考)—I got an email from Susan, ________ said she was going abroad for sightseeing.
—Fantastic! That’s what she has been dreaming of.
A. which B. she C. whom D. it
6．(2011·江西师大开学试题)Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents ________ students got injured or killed while in school.
A．that B．when
C．in which D．for which
解析：选C. 考查定语从句的关系词. 此处 accidents 为先行词, in which 在定语从句中作状语, 相当于 in the accidents.
7．(2012·河南)He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A．which I think is B．which I think it is
C．which I think D．I think which is
解析：选A. 考查非限制性定语从句及插入
语. 此处 I think为插入语, which 是定语从句的关系代词.
8．Students shouldn’t be given such a difficult problem ______ they can not work out.
A．that B．which
C．while D．as
解析：选D. 在定语从句中, 当先行词被so/such 修饰时用 as 引导定语从句.
9.This is the house____we lived last year.（2009 北京）
A the one B which C that D in which
10.Last week, only two people came to look at the house , _____wanted to buy it.
A neither of them B both of them
C none of whom D neither of whom (2011安徽)
Homework
Write an article with the title “My Hometown” in 5 sentences, using attributive clauses.
eg: My hometown is a beautiful village whose name is....