(共32张PPT)
定语从句
语法精讲
跟踪训练
语法精讲 细筛选·巧拓展
考点一 关系代词who,whom,whose引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The little boy who is singing there can recite quite a number of
poems.
正在那儿唱歌的那个小男孩能背诵很多首诗。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,可省略。
The author (whom) you criticized has written a letter in reply.
你批评的那位作者写了一封回信。
3.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are
taken good care of in the village.很多父母去大城市工作的孩子,在村
里得到了很好的照顾。
The building whose roof is red is a post office.
红顶的那幢大楼是邮政局。
考点二 关系代词that和which的区别
类别 说明
只用that
不用which
的情况 先行词是everything,anything,nothing,few,little,all,none等不定代词或被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时
先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词、形容词最高级时
先行词被the very,the only等修饰时
当主句中的先行词是疑问词who或which时
先行词既有人也有物时
只用which
不用that
的情况 非限制性定语从句中
关系代词前有介词时
先行词是that或those时
There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
世界上对他来说好像没有不可能的事。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。
What’s that which was put in the car?
被放入车内的是什么?
考点三 as和which引导的定语从句
1.as和which都可以在非限制性定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,代表前面的整
个句子。
He opposed the idea,as∕which could be expected.
正如所料,他反对这个想法。
They have invited me to dinner,which∕as is very kind of them.
他们真好,邀请我去参加宴会。
2.位置不同。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前,也可放在主句之
后,还可以放在主句之中,位置相当灵活,而which引导的非限制性定语从句,
则只能放在主句之后。
As has been said before,grammar is not a set of dead rules.
如前所述,语法并不是一套死板的规定。(不能用which)
As anybody can see,great changes have taken place in the village.
有目共睹的是这个乡村已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。
3.使用的句子结构不同。as作关系代词还可用于the same...as,such...as等
结构中,而which作关系代词不能用在上述结构中,但有时可用which引导的从
句来改写。如:
Here is such a big stone as no one can lift.
=Here is a big stone which no one can lift.
这是那么大的一块石头,没人能搬得动。
She wears the same kind of clothes as her younger sister.
她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的衣服。
考点四 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.简单介词+关系代词
在这种结构中,关系代词指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用which;介词的选择主要是
根据与从句中相关的动词、形容词、名词的固定搭配而定;或者根据先行词与从句中
动词的关系而定;或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用而定。
Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
那是你经常为其写文章的报社吗?(for与the newspaper搭配)
Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I am not sure?
你能给我介绍一下如何使用这些我不确定的习语吗?(about与sure搭配)
1949 was the year in which our country was founded.
我们国家是在1949年成立的。(in与the year搭配)
Do you know the man to whom I spoke just now?(to与spoke搭配)
你认识我刚才和他讲话的那个人吗?
2.简单介词+关系代词+名词
Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from whose effects
the people are still suffering.上个月东南亚局部受洪水袭击。如今,人们仍在
遭受洪水的影响。
3.the+名词+of+关系代词
该结构表示所有关系,口语中常用“whose+名词”代替,非正式文体中可以用“of
which the+名词”。
The man pulled out a gold watch,the hands of which were made of small
diamonds.
那个人拿出一块金表,表的指针是用小钻石做成的。
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,of which the
sailing time was 226 days.
这位老水手的这次环球旅行历时9个月,其中有226天是航行时间。
4.表示整体或部分的词语+of+关系代词
表示整体或部分的词语常见的有:不定代词all,both,none,neither,either,
some,any;数词(含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数);数词+名词;the+最高级
∕比较级,以及表示数目或数量的词语many,most,few,several,enough,
half,a quarter等
The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors,
most of which are beyond our control.
一种植物的生长速度受很多因素的影响,其中大多数的因素是我们控制不了的。
Last week,only two people came to look at the house,neither of
whom wanted to buy it.
上周,只有两个人看房子,而且他俩都不想买。
考点五 关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
先行词是表示时间的名词,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系
副词when,when在从句中充当时间状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我还记得
我第一次来这所学校的那天。
The book was written in 1946,since when the education system has
witnessed great changes.这本书写于1946年。自那时以来,教育制度已见
证了巨大的变化。
Jane is back in May,by when the new house should be finished.简五
月回来,到那时,新房子应该完工了。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
(1)先行词是表示地点的名词时,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系副词
where,where在从句中充当地点状语。
Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on
display.简停留在一个柜台前,一些吸引人的领带摆在那儿。
(2)有时先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词,像activity,business,career,case,job,
point,position,race,stage,situation等,当从句中缺少状语时,用关系副词where。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see
themselves differently.
把孩子放在一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的处境中对他们是有帮助的。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导定语从句时,修饰表示原因的名词。只能在定语从句中作原
因状语,可用for which代替,有时也可以省略。
The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked
practice.
因为缺少实践,他没有通过驾驶考试。
特别提示 定语从句中的注意事项
①定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致。
I,who am your teacher,will try my best to help you.
我是你的老师,我将尽力帮助你。
The Forbidden City is one of the world-famous buildings that draw a lot of visitors.
故宫是世界著名的吸引大批游客的建筑之一。
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarships for three years.
他是唯一一位三年获得奖学金的学生。
②关系代词that∕which∕whom在从句中作宾语时,可省略。如:
There is no one else she can turn to,is there?
她没有可以寻求帮助的人,对吧?
真题链接
1.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth gives off
light in the dark.(2019年6月浙江)?
2.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.(2019全国Ⅱ)?
答案及剖析:
1.that/which 考查定语从句。此处先行词是a piece of cloth,而且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that/which。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句,the pet shop是先行词,在句中作opened的宾语,指物,故本空应填关系代词which。
3.They were well trained by their masters had great experience
with caring for these animals.(2019全国Ⅲ)?
4.Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own
countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
(2018年6月浙江)?
答案及剖析:
3.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“ had great experience with caring for these animals”为定语从句,修饰先行词their masters,masters为人,故填who。?
4.who∕that 考查定语从句。此处先行词是Many westerners,故填关系代词who∕that。
5.The best part of the process is that there’s enough room for
improvement, means you’ll just keep getting better and
better.(2017全国Ⅰ)?
答案及剖析:
5.which 此处所缺单词引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子,因此用which。
跟踪训练 重实效·冲高考
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.One of its jobs is to protect us, keeps bad things out.
(2019浙江余姚高三11月模拟)?
2.This led him to Street Symphony,a group of professional musicians mostly from the
LA Philharmonic(交响乐团), works with homeless,mentally ill and disabled
populations.(2019浙江七彩阳光联盟高三上学期第二次联考)?
答案及剖析:
1.which 考查定语从句。此处先行词是其前面的主语,故用关系代词which。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这让他加入了街头交响乐团(Street Symphony),这是一群主要来自洛杉矶爱乐乐团(LA Philharmonic)的专业音乐家,他们的工作对象是无家可归的人、精神病患者和残疾人。此处the LA Philharmonic是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。
3.He liked the country and noted down every interesting thing
he had found.(2019浙江台州黄岩中学高三上学期第一次模拟)?
4.However,people have done related researches believe that
the full moon affects human behaviors to some degree.
(2019浙江温州2月模拟)?
答案及剖析:
3.that 考查定语从句。句意:他喜欢这个国家,并记下了他所发现的每一件有趣的事情。此处thing是先行词,指物,被不定代词every修饰,在后面的定语从句中作宾语,故答案为that。
4.who/that 考查定语从句。先行词是people,在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词who/that。
5.Out of nearly fifty people came to apply,Mr.James selected one and
dismissed the others.?
6.At work he is much appreciated and he has many colleagues ask for his
help each time they have problems to solve.?
7.The researchers looked at 17 studies comparing people who ate organic food with
those who did not and 223 studies compared the levels of nutrients,
bacteria and pesticides in various food.?
答案及剖析:
5.who∕that 考查定语从句的关系代词。根据句意:在来面试的大约五十人中,Mr.James挑选了一个人驳回了其他人的申请。可知此句是定语从句,先行词是people,从句缺少主语故用who∕that引导定语从句。
6.who∕that 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是colleagues,故用who∕that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。
7.that/which 考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词是“223 studies”,故填关系代词that/which。
8.“You are not going to be able to respond to danger efficiently, .
increases the risk of injury.” He added.(2019浙江嘉兴高中学科基础测试)?
9.Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day he can show his
talent at school.?
10.Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers,without tireless
work none of this would be possible.?
答案及剖析:
8.which 考查定语从句。此处的先行词是前面整个主句,所以填which。
9.when 句意:小汤姆一直在盼望一个他能够展示他的才能的伟大的日子。此处,所缺的词引导一个定语从句,修饰day,同时作定语从句中的时间状语,因此用when。
10.whose 考查定语从句。句意:我们特别致谢成千上万的志愿者,没有他们的孜孜不倦的工作,这一切不可能成功。此处所缺的词和前面的介词without一起引导一个定语从句,修饰volunteers,同时,关系词作定语,修饰tireless work,因此用whose。
11.Luck comes to these prepare for it.If you do something
you love, don’t let little bumps along the road stop you.?
12.What does a beautiful person look like?Well,it depends on whom
you ask and they are from.(2019浙江嘉兴5月高三模拟)?
答案及剖析:
11.who 考查定语从句的关系代词。此处为定语从句,先行词为these,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who。
12.where 考查定语从句,此处是介词后接关系副词的用法,从后面的from可知要用where。
13.How many students are there in your class homes are in the countryside?
14.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease
than ever before.?
15.There you will find information was once secret.
(2019浙江名校协作体高三下学期联考)?
答案及剖析:
13.whose 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为students,定语从句 homes are in the countryside中缺少homes的定语,还原为the students’ homes are in the countryside,表示所属关系,故使用关系代词whose。?
14.when 考查定语从句。先行词为an age,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。
15.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:在那里你会发现曾经是秘密的信息。此处information是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故答案为that/which。
16.The heart-warming story began in September last year a woman asked the
primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son.?
17. we all know,baked or fried foods may be tasty,but eating too much of them
will probably result in some illnesses.?
18.The reason he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn’t give him
an invitation earlier.?
答案及剖析:
16.when 考查定语从句。句意:那个温馨的故事发生在去年的九月,当时,一位女士请求她所在社区小学接受她6岁的儿子。先行词为last year,表示时间,且从句中不缺少主语和宾语,故用when 引导从句,在从句中作时间状语。
17.As 考查非限制性定语从句。空处指代主句内容,在从句中作宾语,意为“正如”,故填as。
18.why 考查定语从句的关系副词。该句中关系词指代先行词the reason并在定语从句中充当状语,可还原为he refused to attend the meeting for the reason,表示“原因”,故使用关系副词why。
19.To practise calligraphy requires the basic tools of four
treasures of study as well as much concentration on guiding the
soft writing brush charged with fluid ink,and writing on the
paper the ink will spread quickly.
(2019浙江稽阳联谊学校高三上学期10月联考)?
20.I’m buying some Christmas gifts for those work with me,
but it’s really a headache.?
答案及剖析:
19.where 考查定语从句,此处引导词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
20.who 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为指人的those,故用who。
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
In the past,human activities 1. (have) little effect on global warming,but now they have caused the rise of the earth temperature.All scientists agree that the increase in the temperature results 2. the burning of fossil fuels.One of some byproducts 3. (call) greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide which can trap more heat energy in the atmosphere.?
Over the last 100 years,the temperature of the earth has increased.The 4. (attitude) towards this rise are completely different.Some are positive 5. others are negative.Those who are positive think that without the greenhouse gases the earth would be 6. (cool) than it is,7. would not be suitable to live on.Others think the rise of the earth temperature may cause severe storms,floods,droughts and so on.?
8. (actual),green house gases will continue to build up in the atmosphere.Luckily,we human beings are doing what we can
9. (reduce) green house gases.More importantly,individuals can make 10. difference.?
答案及剖析:
1.had 考查时态。根据时间状语 in the past可知谓语用一般过去时。
2.from 考查介词。 result from起因于……;由……造成。
3.called 考查非谓语动词。此处作后置定语,修饰byproducts,由于byproducts与call之间表被动意义,因此用过去分词。被叫做温室气体副产品之一的是二氧化碳。
4.attitudes 考查名词。根据下文的系表成分are completely different可知,主语用复数。
5.while 考查连词。空格前后为对比、对照关系,故用while。有些看法是积极的然而有些是消极的。
6.cooler 考查比较级。根据空格后的than可知用形容词比较级形式。
7.which 考查关系代词。此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,此处所用的关系词在从句中作主语,因此用which。
8.Actually 考查副词。此处位于句首,后有逗号,应用副词Actually修饰后面的整个句子。大气中温室效应不断加强。
9.to reduce 考查非谓语动词。what we can 作doing的宾语,此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
10.a 考查冠词。make a difference是固定搭配,意为:有影响,至关重要的。
定语从句
考点一 关系代词who,whom,whose引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The little boy who is singing there can recite quite a number of poems.
正在那儿唱歌的那个小男孩能背诵很多首诗。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,可省略。
The author (whom) you criticized has written a letter in reply.
你批评的那位作者写了一封回信。
3.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.很多父母去大城市工作的孩子,在村里得到了很好的照顾。
The building whose roof is red is a post office.
红顶的那幢大楼是邮政局。
考点二 关系代词that和which的区别
类别 说明
只用that不用which的情况 先行词是everything,anything,nothing,few,little,all,none等不定代词或被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时
先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词、形容词最高级时
先行词被the very,the only等修饰时
当主句中的先行词是疑问词who或which时
先行词既有人也有物时
只用which不用that的情况 非限制性定语从句中
关系代词前有介词时
先行词是that或those时
There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
世界上对他来说好像没有不可能的事。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。
What’s that which was put in the car?
被放入车内的是什么?
考点三 as和which引导的定语从句
1.as和which都可以在非限制性定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,代表前面的整个句子。
He opposed the idea,as∕which could be expected.
正如所料,他反对这个想法。
They have invited me to dinner,which∕as is very kind of them.
他们真好,邀请我去参加宴会。
2.位置不同。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,还可以放在主句之中,位置相当灵活,而which引导的非限制性定语从句,则只能放在主句之后。
As has been said before,grammar is not a set of dead rules.
如前所述,语法并不是一套死板的规定。(不能用which)
As anybody can see,great changes have taken place in the village.
有目共睹的是这个乡村已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。
3.使用的句子结构不同。as作关系代词还可用于the same...as,such...as等结构中,而which作关系代词不能用在上述结构中,但有时可用which引导的从句来改写。如:
Here is such a big stone as no one can lift.
=Here is a big stone which no one can lift.
这是那么大的一块石头,没人能搬得动。
She wears the same kind of clothes as her younger sister.
她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的衣服。
4.表述的意义不同。从句含有贬义色彩时只能用which。如果从句所表达的意义给主句披上一层贬义色彩,非限制性定语从句只能用which来引导,不宜用as来引导。
He married her,which was disgraceful(=shameful).
他娶了她,这真令人作呕。(不能说:He married her,as was disgraceful.)
考点四 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.简单介词+关系代词
在这种结构中,关系代词指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用which;介词的选择主要是根据与从句中相关的动词、形容词、名词的固定搭配而定;或者根据先行词与从句中动词的关系而定;或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用而定。
Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
那是你经常为其写文章的报社吗?(for与the newspaper搭配)
Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I am not sure?
你能给我介绍一下如何使用这些我不确定的习语吗?(about与sure搭配)
1949 was the year in which our country was founded.
我们国家是在1949年成立的。(in与the year搭配)
Do you know the man to whom I spoke just now?(to与spoke搭配)
你认识我刚才和他讲话的那个人吗?
2.简单介词+关系代词+名词
Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from whose effects the people are still suffering.上个月东南亚局部受洪水袭击。如今,人们仍在遭受洪水的影响。
3.the+名词+of+关系代词
该结构表示所有关系,口语中常用“whose+名词”代替,非正式文体中可以用“of which the+名词”。
The man pulled out a gold watch,the hands of which were made of small diamonds.
那个人拿出一块金表,表的指针是用小钻石做成的。
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,of which the sailing time was 226 days.
这位老水手的这次环球旅行历时9个月,其中有226天是航行时间。
4.表示整体或部分的词语+of+关系代词
表示整体或部分的词语常见的有:不定代词all,both,none,neither,either,some,any;数词(含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数);数词+名词;the+最高级∕比较级,以及表示数目或数量的词语many,most,few,several,enough,half,a quarter等
The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors,most of which are beyond our control.
一种植物的生长速度受很多因素的影响,其中大多数的因素是我们控制不了的。
Last week,only two people came to look at the house,neither of whom wanted to buy it.
上周,只有两个人看房子,而且他俩都不想买。
考点五 关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
先行词是表示时间的名词,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系副词when,when在从句中充当时间状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我还记得我第一次来这所学校的那天。
The book was written in 1946,since when the education system has witnessed great changes.这本书写于1946年。自那时以来,教育制度已见证了巨大的变化。
Jane is back in May,by when the new house should be finished.简五月回来,到那时,新房子应该完工了。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
(1)先行词是表示地点的名词时,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系副词where,where在从句中充当地点状语。
Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.简停留在一个柜台前,一些吸引人的领带摆在那儿。
(2)有时先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词,像activity,business,career,case,job,point,position,race,stage,situation等,当从句中缺少状语时,用关系副词where。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子放在一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的处境中对他们是有帮助的。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导定语从句时,修饰表示原因的名词。只能在定语从句中作原因状语,可用for which代替,有时也可以省略。
The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked practice.
因为缺少实践,他没有通过驾驶考试。
定语从句中的注意事项
①定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致。
I,who am your teacher,will try my best to help you.
我是你的老师,我将尽力帮助你。
The Forbidden City is one of the world-famous buildings that draw a lot of visitors.
故宫是世界著名的吸引大批游客的建筑之一。
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarships for three years.
他是唯一一位三年获得奖学金的学生。
②关系代词that∕which∕whom在从句中作宾语时,可省略。如:
There is no one else she can turn to,is there?
她没有可以寻求帮助的人,对吧?
1.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.(2019年6月浙江)?
2.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.(2019全国Ⅱ)?
3.They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019全国Ⅲ)?
4.Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018年6月浙江)?
5.The best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, means you’ll just keep getting better and better.(2017全国Ⅰ)?
答案及剖析:
1.that/which 考查定语从句。此处先行词是a piece of cloth,而且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that/which。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句,the pet shop是先行词,在句中作opened的宾语,指物,故本空应填关系代词which。
3.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“ had great experience with caring for these animals”为定语从句,修饰先行词their masters,masters为人,故填who。?
4.who∕that 考查定语从句。此处先行词是Many westerners,故填关系代词who∕that。
5.which 此处所缺单词引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子,因此用which。
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定语从句 语法训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.One of its jobs is to protect us, keeps bad things out.(2019浙江余姚高三11月模拟)?
2.This led him to Street Symphony,a group of professional musicians mostly from the LA Philharmonic(交响乐团), works with homeless,mentally ill and disabled populations.(2019浙江七彩阳光联盟高三上学期第二次联考)?
3.He liked the country and noted down every interesting thing he had found.(2019浙江台州黄岩中学高三上学期第一次模拟)?
4.However,people have done related researches believe that the full moon affects human behaviors to some degree.(2019浙江温州2月模拟)?
5.Out of nearly fifty people came to apply,Mr.James selected one and dismissed the others.?
6.At work he is much appreciated and he has many colleagues ask for his help each time they have problems to solve.?
7.The researchers looked at 17 studies comparing people who ate organic food with those who did not and 223 studies compared the levels of nutrients, bacteria and pesticides in various food.?
8.“You are not going to be able to respond to danger efficiently, increases the risk of injury.” He added.(2019浙江嘉兴高中学科基础测试)?
9.Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day he can show his talent at school.?
10.Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers,without tireless work none of this would be possible.?
11.Luck comes to these prepare for it.If you do something you love, don’t let little bumps along the road stop you.?
12.What does a beautiful person look like?Well,it depends on whom you ask and they are from.(2019浙江嘉兴5月高三模拟)?
13.How many students are there in your class homes are in the countryside??
14.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.?
15.There you will find information was once secret.(2019浙江名校协作体高三下学期联考)?
16.The heart-warming story began in September last year a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son.?
17. we all know,baked or fried foods may be tasty,but eating too much of them will probably result in some illnesses.?
18.The reason he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn’t give him an invitation earlier.?
19.To practise calligraphy requires the basic tools of four treasures of study as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink,and writing on the paper the ink will spread quickly.(2019浙江稽阳联谊学校高三上学期10月联考)?
20.I’m buying some Christmas gifts for those work with me,but it’s really a headache.?
答案及剖析:
1.which 考查定语从句。此处先行词是其前面的主语,故用关系代词which。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这让他加入了街头交响乐团(Street Symphony),这是一群主要来自洛杉矶爱乐乐团(LA Philharmonic)的专业音乐家,他们的工作对象是无家可归的人、精神病患者和残疾人。此处the LA Philharmonic是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。
3.that 考查定语从句。句意:他喜欢这个国家,并记下了他所发现的每一件有趣的事情。此处thing是先行词,指物,被不定代词every修饰,在后面的定语从句中作宾语,故答案为that。
4.who/that 考查定语从句。先行词是people,在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词who/that。
5.who∕that 考查定语从句的关系代词。根据句意:在来面试的大约五十人中,Mr.James挑选了一个人驳回了其他人的申请。可知此句是定语从句,先行词是people,从句缺少主语故用who∕that引导定语从句。
6.who∕that 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是colleagues,故用who∕that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。
7.that/which 考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词是“223 studies”,故填关系代词that/which。
8.which 考查定语从句。此处的先行词是前面整个主句,所以填which。
9.when 句意:小汤姆一直在盼望一个他能够展示他的才能的伟大的日子。此处,所缺的词引导一个定语从句,修饰day,同时作定语从句中的时间状语,因此用when。
10.whose 考查定语从句。句意:我们特别致谢成千上万的志愿者,没有他们的孜孜不倦的工作,这一切不可能成功。此处所缺的词和前面的介词without一起引导一个定语从句,修饰volunteers,同时,关系词作定语,修饰tireless work,因此用whose。
11.who 考查定语从句的关系代词。此处为定语从句,先行词为these,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who。
12.where 考查定语从句,此处是介词后接关系副词的用法,从后面的from可知要用where。
13.whose 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为students,定语从句 homes are in the countryside中缺少homes的定语,还原为the students’ homes are in the countryside,表示所属关系,故使用关系代词whose。?
14.when 考查定语从句。先行词为an age,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。
15.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:在那里你会发现曾经是秘密的信息。此处information是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故答案为that/which。
16.when 考查定语从句。句意:那个温馨的故事发生在去年的九月,当时,一位女士请求她所在社区小学接受她6岁的儿子。先行词为last year,表示时间,且从句中不缺少主语和宾语,故用when 引导从句,在从句中作时间状语。
17.As 考查非限制性定语从句。空处指代主句内容,在从句中作宾语,意为“正如”,故填as。
18.why 考查定语从句的关系副词。该句中关系词指代先行词the reason并在定语从句中充当状语,可还原为he refused to attend the meeting for the reason,表示“原因”,故使用关系副词why。
19.where 考查定语从句,此处引导词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
20.who 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为指人的those,故用who。
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
In the past,human activities 1. (have) little effect on global warming,but now they have caused the rise of the earth temperature.All scientists agree that the increase in the temperature results 2. the burning of fossil fuels.One of some byproducts 3. (call) greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide which can trap more heat energy in the atmosphere.?
Over the last 100 years,the temperature of the earth has increased.The 4. (attitude) towards this rise are completely different.Some are positive 5. others are negative.Those who are positive think that without the greenhouse gases the earth would be 6. (cool) than it is,7. would not be suitable to live on.Others think the rise of the earth temperature may cause severe storms,floods,droughts and so on.?
8. (actual),green house gases will continue to build up in the atmosphere.Luckily,we human beings are doing what we can 9. (reduce) green house gases.More importantly,individuals can make 10. difference.?
答案及剖析:
1.had 考查时态。根据时间状语 in the past可知谓语用一般过去时。
2.from 考查介词。 result from起因于……;由……造成。
3.called 考查非谓语动词。此处作后置定语,修饰byproducts,由于byproducts与call之间表被动意义,因此用过去分词。被叫做温室气体副产品之一的是二氧化碳。
4.attitudes 考查名词。根据下文的系表成分are completely different可知,主语用复数。
5.while 考查连词。空格前后为对比、对照关系,故用while。有些看法是积极的然而有些是消极的。
6.cooler 考查比较级。根据空格后的than可知用形容词比较级形式。
7.which 考查关系代词。此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,此处所用的关系词在从句中作主语,因此用which。
8.Actually 考查副词。此处位于句首,后有逗号,应用副词Actually修饰后面的整个句子。大气中温室效应不断加强。
9.to reduce 考查非谓语动词。what we can 作doing的宾语,此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
10.a 考查冠词。make a difference是固定搭配,意为:有影响,至关重要的。
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