中考英语被动语态专题讲解 教案+练习（无答案）

被动语态
教学任务：学习被动语态。
教学重难点：1.被动语态的基本结构；
2.初中常见时态的被动语态；
3.主动句变被动句；
4.运用被动句时要注意的几个问题。
一、细心观察下面2组的句子，你发现了什么？
1.We love our school . 2. Our school is loved by us .
He opens the book . The book is opened by him .
英语动词有两种语态：1.（ ）语态 ， 主语是动作的执行者
2.（ ）语态 ， 主语是动作的承受者
二、被动语态的基本结构 ： 主语 + be done + by + 动作的执行者 (by 后用宾格 ，by短语可省略)
The tree is planted by me .
Eg: 1. We clean our classroom every day .( 变被动语态)
Our classroom is cleaned by us every day .
2. Jay Chou sings the songs . ( 变被动语态)
The songs are sung by Jay Chou .
三、常见时态的被动语态 ：
★ 一般现在时：eg: English is spoken by Englishmen .
My mother waters the flowers every morning . ( 先变被动 ， 再改为一般疑问句 )
The flowers _______ _______ by my mother every morning .
_______ the flowers _______ by your mother every morning ?
* 构成 ：____ / ____ / ____ + done

★ 一般过去时：eg: The machines were made in China . .
My mother watered the flowers yesterday . ( 先变被动 ， 再改为一般疑问句 )
The flowers _______ _______ by my mother yesterday .
_______ the flowers _______ by your mother yesterday ?
* 构成 ：____ / ____ + done

★ 一般将来时：eg: A sports meeting will be held in our school .
My mother will water the flowers tomorrow . (先变被动 ， 再改为一般疑问句 )
The flowers _______ _______ by my mother tomorrow .
_______ the flowers _______ _______ by your mother tomorrow ?
* 构成 ：_________ + done 或 is / am / are going to be done

★ 现在进行时：eg: A new park is being built in our city .
My mother is watering the flowers now . ( 先变被动 ， 再改为否定句 )
The flowers _______ _______ ______ by my mother now .
The flowers _______ _______ ______ by my mother now .
* 构成 ：___ / ____ / ____ being + done
★ 现在完成时：eg: The work has been finished by us .
My mother has watered the flowers already . ( 先变被动 ， 再改为一般疑问句 )
The flowers _______ _______ ______ by my mother already .
_______ the flowers _______ ______ by your mother yet ?
* 构成 ：____ / ____ been + done

★ 情态动词：eg: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes .
My mother must water the flowers twice a week . ( 先变被动 ， 再改为一般疑问句 )
The flowers _______ _______ ______ by my mother twice a week .
_______ the flowers _______ ______ by your mother twice a week ?
* 构成 ：_______ + _______ + done

小测验：（挑战满分 ， 你一定能做到 ！）
1. Thousands of trees ______in our town every year .
A. plant B,were planted C. are planted
2.There was an important meeting last night .Mr Smith ____ to it .
A.was invited B . invited C . is invited
3.Tea ______ in a dry and cool place .
A.must kept B. must be keep C.must be kept
4. The work ______in two hours .
A.is finished B.will be finished C.will finish
5.Many Chinese people now ______ by Confucius .
A,is fluenced B.are influenced C.influence
6.All these books will ______to the children who live in Sichuan .
A.be sent B. send C.sent
7.----Why didn’t you go to the party last night ? ---- Because I ______ .
A.was invited B.wasn’t invited C.didn’t invited
8.This watch ______ next mended .
A.can mended B.can be mended C. can be mend
9.I won’t leave my office until my work ______.
A.finish B. will be finished C.is finished
10.----We want to sit at the table near the window .
---- I’m sorry , but it _____ already .
A.has taken B.was taken C.,has been taken
四、主动句变被动句：
1.主动语态的宾语 变成 被动语态的主语。
2.谓语动词 变成 被动语态结构 ， 即 be + done ( be 的形式 ：时态看主动句 ， 单复数看主语 )
3.原主动句的主语放句末，by + 宾格 ， 也可省略。
趁热打铁：把下列句子改为被动句：（ It’s so easy ! Can you do it ? ）
1. I play football on Sundays .
Football _______ _______ by _______ on Sundays .
2. We cleaned our classroom just now .
Our classroom ______ ______ by ______ just now .
3. You must turn off the lights .
The lights ______ ______ ______ off by you .
4. We have read the book twice . === The book ______ ______ ______ twice by us .
五、运用被动句时要注意的几个问题 ：
A组练习，选择正确的答案。
1. He shouldn’t ________ by us .
A . laughed B . be laughed C.be laughed at
2. In many places in China , the old over 90 _____ not only by their family but also by the government .
A.is taking good care B.are taken good care C.are taken good care of
小结：动词短语用于被动句中，要保持它们的 完整性 ， 不能去掉其中的介词或副词

B组练习，将下列句子变为被动语态 。
1. He will give me a pen .
A pen will ______ ______ ______ me by him .
I will ______ ______ a pen by him .
2. My father bought me a bike last year .
A bike ______ ______ ______ me last year .
I _______ _______ a bike by my father last year .
小结：带双宾语的谓语动词（give , buy , teach ,send 等）的被动句有两种改法：（1）将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变 ；（2）将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for 引导。

C组练习，将下列句子变为被动语态 。
1. We often hear her sing this popular song .
She ______ often ______ ______ ______ this popular song .
2.I watched the boys play basketball on the playground .
The boys _______ _______ _______ play basketball on the playground .
3.Jim’s parents made him not play computer games .
Jim ______ _______ ______ ______ play computer games by his parents .
小结：当宾语补足语是省略了to 的不定式时 。 在改为被动语态后，应补上 _______ . (如 make , let , hear , see , watch , notice 等)

D组练习 （看谁最细心）
1.The cakes in the restaurant _____ , so they ______ well .
A . are tasted better ,are sold B. are tasted well , sell C. taste nice , sell
2.The war ______ in 1937 .
A. was broken out B.broke out C. has broken out
3.This painting ______ to a museum in NewYork in 1997 .
A. sold B.was sold C.is sold
4.The story ______ in a small mountain village in 1973.
A. was taken place B. took place C. has taken place
5.What _____to Mr Green yesterday ?
A.was happened B.happened C.has happened
6.Hanhan’s new book ______next week .
A.will come out B.will be come out C. came out
小结：感官动词和不及物动词（组）_______被动语态 。

学以致用 （用所给单词的适当形式填空）
Paper _________(create ) about 2,000 years ago , and has been made from silk ,cotton , bamboo , and , since the 19th century from wood .People learnt ____________(write) words on paper to make a book .But in those days , books could only ___________(produce) one at a time by hand .As a result , they were expensive and rare .And because there weren’t many books , few people learnt to read .Then printing __________(invent)in China .The first printed books __________(make) by putting ink on a wooden block and holding the paper against it .
中考实战 ， 冲刺中考 ！
1.An English speech ________ to the children tomorrow .
A. is given B.has been given C.will be given
2.You _______ ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom .
A. supposed to B.are supposed to C.are wanted
3.Though she often makes her little brother ______，she was made ______ by him this morning．
A．cry； to cry B．to cry； cry C．cry； cry
4.The government will build a new school there .(变被动语态)
A new school ______ be _______ there by the government .
5.We expect our team to win . (变被动语态)
Our team ______ _______ to win .
6.We should allow the students to tell their own ideas . (变被动语态)
The students should ______ ______ ______ tell their own ideas .
课后巩固 ，自我检测 ：
1. Annie??????????to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.
???A. invites???????B. is invited???????C. was invited???????D. has invited
2. —Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
—Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling?????B. is sold????C. was selling?????D. will be sold
3. The sports meeting _________next month.
A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held
4. Unless the weather______，we'll have to cancel the picnic．
A．improve B．improves C．is improved D．will improve
5. ---Mum，what are you cooking in the kitchen？It _____ so good! ----Fried noodles．
A．smells B．tastes C．is smelt D. is tasted
6. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents??????B. invented??????C. is invented??????D. was invented
7. On June 11th, 2013,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _____ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch.
A. sent up????????B. are sent up????????????????C.?was sent up?
8. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs,?????????well.
A. sells???????????B. sell????????????C. is sold???????????????D. are sold
9. Many houses ______ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya’an.
A. is destroyed???B. are destroyed???C was destroyed???D. were destroyed
10. Han Han’s books are popular. They??????????by many teenagers.
A. is read????????B. was read????????C. are read?????????D. were read
11.??Teenagers????????????allowed to drive.
A. should not be?????B. should be not????C. not should be
12. —At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
? ??—More chances _______ to students to learn from each other.
?? ?A. offer??????B. are offered?????C. have offered?????D. are offering
36. —I want to borrow the book, but I don’t know how long it may ________. ?—For two weeks.
???????A. keep??????????B. be borrowed?????????????C. borrow??????????????D. be kept



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