外研版必修4 Module 2 Traffic Jam Grammar 课件（30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
Look at the signs and say what they do.
Turn right.
Don’t go faster than 90 kph.
Don’t turn left.
No parking.
Don’t walk.
1. They give advice.
2. They give instructions.
3. They give information.
4. They give permission.
祈使句是用来表示命令、指示、要求、建议、劝告等意义的特殊句式。祈使句可分为第二人称祈使句、第一人称祈使句和第三人称祈使句。
一、第二人称祈使句
第二人称祈使句指说话对象是第二人称you的祈使句，you常常被省略。其肯定形式为“动词原形+其它成分”，否定形式为“Don't / Never +动词原形+其它成分”。如：
Make yourself at home.
Don't switch off the light!
Never say that!
注意：
1. 第二人称祈使句之后可用附加疑问
句，以加强语气。若祈使句为肯定
形式，附加问句通常用will you或
won’t you；若祈使句为否定形式，
附加问句则用will you。如：
Tell me the truth, will / won’t you?
Don't be late for the meeting, will you?
2. 第二人称祈使句表示强调或对比时，
也可表示出主语。有时候表示出来的
主语可以是everybody, somebody,
anybody, nobody等不定代词。如：
You be quiet!
Nobody move!
3. 肯定祈使句之前可用助动词do加强语
气。如：
Do come in.
二、第一人称祈使句
如果说话人以自己为祈使对象，便可用第一人称祈使句，其肯定形式为“Let me / us +?动词原形+其它成分”。如果祈使对象包括说话人和听话人在内，则用“Let's +动词原形+其它成分”。其否定形式可以在句首加Don't，也可以在Let me / us或Let's后加not。如：
Let me / us have a try.
Let's consider ways of making it easier.
Don't let me / us have to speak to you again.
Don't let's invite Gary to the party.
Let me / us not go!
Let's not say anything about it until we have the facts.
注意：
以Let me或Let us开头的第一人称祈使句，附加问句用will you或won't you。以Let's开头的祈使句，附加问句用shall we。如：
Let me? / us have a look at that letter, will / won't you?
Let's go shopping this afternoon, shall we?
三、第三人称祈使句
第三人称祈使句是以说话人和听话人之外的人为祈使对象的祈使句。其肯定形式为“Let +第三人称代词宾格（或名词短语）+动词原形+其它成分”；其否定形式在句首加Don't。如：
Let him finish his homework before Monday.
Don't let the kids go out.
【拓展】
祈使句通常用在“祈使句+ and / or +陈述句”结构中，and / or前的祈使句表示的是一种条件，and / or后的分句则表示一种结果。如：
Do that again and I'll call the police.
Hurry up or you'll be late.
I.?根据汉语意思补全下面句子。
1.?你过来一下!?我有事情要告诉你。
________________! I have something to tell you.
2.?下一次不要再迟到了。
______________ again next time.
Don't be late
You come here
3.?琳达，今天你打扫房间，好吗？
Linda, you clean the room today, ________________?
4.?我们喝一杯咖啡, 好吗？
_______________________, shall we?
5.?快走，否则你就赶不上公共汽车了。
Go quick, ____________________.
6.?我们不要告诉她发生了什么。
_________________________________ what happened.
Don't let's tell her/Let's not tell her
will / won't you
Let's have a cup of coffee
or you'll miss the bus
II.?根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面对话。
David:?Monica, I'm thirsty. __________
______________________ (请给我一些喝的).
Monica:?OK, here is a glass of milk.?
David:?I was just playing soccer and _____ _________________ (让我喝一杯冰饮料吧).?
Monica:?_____________________________
______________ (刚运动完, 不要马上喝冷的东西). It's not healthy.
David:?Thanks. It doesn't matter. I have been used to that.? Monica:?OK. Here you are.
Don't drink anything cold right
something to drink please
Give me
have an iced drink
let me
after exercising
No smoking
No litter
Activity 3. Read these dos and don’ts for motorists stuck in a traffic jam. Tick the ones you agree with.
Dos
□Switch off the motor.
□Turn on the car radio.
□Speak to your passengers.
□Follow the rules of the road.
□Keep cool.
Don’ts
□Leave the motor on.
□Blow your horn.
□React when others drive badly.
□Break the rules of the road.
□Get angry.
I. Complete the following sentences.
1. ________ on the pavement.
2. _____ in the bicycle lanes.
3. _____ at red traffic lights.
4. _____ the rules of the road.
Don’t go
Stay
Stop
Keep
break go keep look
ride stop stay watch out
5. _________ for pedestrians (行人).
6. ______ behind you before you turn right or left.
7. __________ in the middle of the road.
Look
Watch out
Don’t ride
break go keep look
ride stop stay watch out
II. Translation.
1.?不要说话！
________________________________
2.?再给我一个小时，我就会完成工作。
________________________________
________________________
Do stop talking!
Give me one more hour, and I'll finish the work.
3.?进来之前脱掉你的泥泞的鞋子。
________________________________________________________
4.?请借给我你的橡皮，好吗？
________________________________________________________
5.?不要让他打扰我们。
________________________________
Take off your muddy shoes before you get inside.
Lend me your eraser please, will you / won't you?
?Don't let him disturb us.
1. Review Grammar.
2. Finish the exercises 1-3 on page 73.