(共36张PPT)
Module 4
Sandstorms in Asia
内容索引
核心素养测评
Step 1 以高考为导向·印证教材基础
Step 2 以核心为根本·探究课堂重点
Step 3 以检测为载体·提升语基能力
Step 4 以话题为主线·锤炼素养技能
1. strength n. [U]力量; 力气 [C]长处, 优势
【写作金句】
Almost everyone has his own strengths and weaknesses and it is where others are weak that maybe you have a
great advantage.
几乎每个人都有优点和缺点。其他人差的地方你可能有很大优势。
【语块必记】
(1)with all one’s strength 用尽全身的力气
have strength to do sth. 有力气/意志做某事
build up one’s strength 强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处, 优缺点
(2)strengthen vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固
(3)strong adj. 强壮的; 强烈的; 浓烈的
【知识拓展】“优点, 优势”VS“缺点, 不利”
优点, 优势: advantage, virtue, excellence, plus
缺点, 不利: disadvantage, shortcoming, weakness
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength _____(do) the
most difficult things in my life. ?
②To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to
know their ________ (strong) and weaknesses.
③He has been doing weight training to build up his ________(strong).
④And the best way to __________(strong) willpower is to make it into a habit.
to do
strengths
strength
strengthen
2. concerned adj. 关心的; 担心的; 有关的
【写作金句】
As far as I am concerned, we should love our family members with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind.
我认为, 我们要尽心、尽性、尽力、尽意地爱我们的家人。
【语块必记】
(1)be concerned about/for. . . 关心……; 担心……
be concerned with/in. . . 与……有关, 涉及
be concerned that. . . 担心……
as far as. . . be concerned 就……而言/来说
(2)concern n. 关心, 忧虑 vt. (使)担心; 涉及
show/express concern for/about sb. 关心某人
(3)concerning prep. 有关, 涉及
【误区释疑】
concerned充当前置定语时, 意为“关心的, 挂念的”; 如果表示“有关的”, 作定语
要后置。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①We feel _________ (concern) about accomplishing the task at hand.
②Various questions __________ (concern) pollution and the environment were
put forward at the meeting.
③The group has expressed concern _________ reports of violence.
concerned
concerning
about/for
完成句子
④ ___________________________, we seem to be getting out of financial crisis.
就经济而言, 我们似乎正在走出经济危机。
⑤He asked me ___________________if this solution was acceptable to ___
________________. 他面带关切的表情问我有关各方是否都能接受这个解决
办法。?
As far as economy is concerned
with a concerned look
all
parties concerned
3. complain vi. (complained, complained, complaining)抱怨; 发牢骚; 投诉
【写作金句】 It’s no use complaining without taking any action as we all know actions speak louder than words.
只抱怨而不采取行动是没用的, 因为我们都知道行动胜于言辞。
【语块必记】
(1)complain(to sb. ) of/about sth.
(向某人)投诉/抱怨某事
complain (to sb. ) that. . . (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨; 投诉; 控告
make a complaint to sb. about/of sth.
向某人抱怨/投诉某事
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She complained __ me that her parents were not concerned about her.
②There’s been a record number of __________(complain) about the standard
of service on Britain’s railways.
一句多译
③人们有时喜欢向陌生人诉说他们的遭遇。
People sometimes like to ___________________________their sufferings. ?
=People sometimes like to _________________________________their
sufferings. ?
to
complaints
complain to strangers about/of
make complaints to strangers about/of
4. cut down砍倒; 削减; 缩小(尺寸、数量); 杀死
【写作金句】
Our country is taking action to cut down air pollution.
我们的国家正在采取行动减少空气污染。
【语块必记】
cut down (on) 削减
cut. . . down to 把……削减到
cut in 插嘴, 打断
cut off 切断, 阻断, 隔绝
cut out 剪除, 切掉, 删除
cut up 切碎
【语境速测】 用cut短语的适当形式填空
①Now people ________many trees, so a lot of animals are losing their homes. ?
②The town was ______from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. ?
③____________the TV at night by just one hour and use that hour to read
books that could improve your life. ?
④The teacher complained to me that a naughty student often _____when he
explained a question in class. ?
⑤I ______an interesting picture from the magazine but unfortunately it was
______by my little son so I had to stick the little pieces together. ?
cut down
cut off
Cut down on
cut out
cut up
cut in
5. give out分发; 发出; 宣布(消息等); (设备或身体部位)停止运转, 停止运行; 用完, 用尽
【写作金句】 The news that some exchange students from America would come to our school was given out on the radio. 一些美国的交换生要来我们学校的消息在广播里宣布了。
【语块必记】
give away 泄露; 赠送; 分发; 分送
give back 归还; 送还; 送回; 恢复
give up 放弃
give way 让路; 让步; 快车先行; 屈服
give off 放出; 释放; 散发出
【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义
①There were people at the entrance giving out leaflets.
_____
②The sun gives out light and heat. _____
③What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given out? _____
分发
发出
用完
完成句子
④The official _________a secret to us that the government would _______
developing this area. ?
那个官员向我们透露了一个秘密, 政府将放弃开发这个地区。
⑤I was walking along the street to _________the borrowed book when a car cut
in and knocked me down and the driver shouldn’t have seen the sign saying
“_________”. 我正在街上走着去归还我借的书, 这时一辆车插进来把我撞倒,
司机竟然没看见写有“让行”字样的路标。?
gave away
give up
give back
Give Way
【巧学助记】give out面面观
6. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. ?
然后垃圾被带走, 如果可能的话会进行回收利用。
【文化金句】 If possible, we should bridge the cultural differences and bring more Chinese literature to British readers. 如果可能的话, 我们应该弥合文化分歧, 将更多中国文学作品带给英国的读者。
【句型公式】
(1)if possible=if it is possible 如果可能的话
(2)if not如果不
if so如果这样
if any如果有一些的话
if ever 如果曾经(做过)
(3)在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引导的状语从句中, 如果主从句的主语一致, 或从句的主语是it, 谓语动词中含有be动词时, 有时为了使句子简洁, 可将主语和be动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。
【语境速测】 完成句子
① _________, I’d like to invite you to see Beijing Opera with me next week. ?
如果可能, 我想邀请你下周和我看京剧。
②He realized he had been taken in by the false advertisement. _____, he would
still believe it. 他意识到他被虚假广告骗了。如果不是这样, 他还会相信它。?
③Have you ever experienced some embarrassing moments? ______, would you
like to share them with us? ?
你经历过一些尴尬的时刻吗? 如果有的话, 你愿意和我们分享它们吗?
If possible
If not
If any
【单句改错】
④If taking to the toy store, the little boy will be very happy.
_______________
taking改为taken
【备选要点】
1. major adj. 主要的; 多数的; 重要的; 主修的vi. 主修
n. 主修课程
【语块必记】
(1)major in 主修
(2)the majority of 大多数
be in the/a majority 占大多数; 构成大部分
(3)minor adj. 较少的; 次要的
(4)minority n. 少数; 少数民族
a minority of ……的少数
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The students who majored __ French in China planned to go to France.
②A great ________ (major) of Beijing citizens and residents seem to be greatly
concerned about ways to control water pollution.
③In this country a large ________ (minor) are in serious poverty, and a small
number are very rich.
完成句子
④Ideas and thoughts, ______ or ______, correct or not were all aired without
reservation. 意见和想法, 主要的或次要的, 正确的或错误的都无保留地播出。
in
majority
minority
major
minor
2. take in欺骗; 收留; 理解; 包括; 改小(衣服); 吸收
【写作金句】
Only when you learn the poem of Li Bai by heart can you really take it in.
只有当你把李白的这首诗背下来时, 你才能真正理解它。
【语块必记】
take off 起飞; 脱掉; 突然成功; 请假
take on 呈现; 雇用; 承担
take over 接管, 接收
take up 占据; 开始从事; 拿起
【语境速测】 用take短语的适当形式填空
①Trees ______harmful gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to
breathe. ?
②After Mr King _________the company which was close to closing down, it
_______a new look and some products were even exported abroad. ?
③As the plane _______from Gatwick, Mr and Mrs Malloy sat back with a sign
of pleasure. ?
④Jeanne Calment _______skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance
at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday. ?
take in
took over
took on
took off
took up
完成句子
⑤I felt I ___________by the tailor because after my dress ___________it was
not fit at all. ?
我感觉被那个裁缝骗了, 因为我的衣服被缩小尺寸后一点也不合身。
was taken in
was taken in
3. have an effect on/upon. . . 对……有影响
【文化金句】 The Belt and Road Initiative has a great effect on the global economy.
“一带一路”倡议对全球经济产生重大影响。
【语块必记】
(1)have an effect/influence on 对……有影响
(2)bring/carry/put. . . into effect 实施; 使生效
(3)come/go into effect
=take effect 开始生效; 开始实施
(4)in effect 实际上, 事实上
(5)of no effect 无效
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Global warming is ___________________the icebergs around the world. ?
全球变暖正在对世界上的冰山产生不好的影响。
单句语法填空
②The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ___ the wildlife
in the area.
③句型转换
Smoking and drinking are bad for your health.
→Smoking and drinking _________________your health. ?
having a bad effect on
on
have a bad effect on
4. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 因为“荒漠化”, 近年来中国发生沙尘暴的次数似乎增加了。
【句型公式】?
(1)appear to do sth. 似乎要做某事
appear to be doing sth. 似乎正在做某事
appear to have done sth. 似乎已做过某事
(2)it appears that. . . 好像……
【语境速测】 句型转换
①It appears that he will be accepted by top school.
→He appears _____________by top school. ?
②The girl appears to have bought what she needed.
→_____________she __________what she needed. ?
③The lost boy appeared to be crying.
→______________the lost boy __________. ?
to be accepted
It appears that
has bought
It appeared that
was crying
核心素养测评十六 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
China will launch two Mars missions in 2020 and 2028 as four deep space exploration missions are planned before 2030.
In December this year, China’s Chang’e-4 lunar probe(空间探测器)will land in Aitken Basin of the lunar south pole region on the far side of the moon, which is a hot spot for scientific and space exploration.
The fourth phase of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program will include four missions before 2030, with a final goal to establish a research station on the Earth’s only natural satellite in the long term.
The country will then launch its first Mars probe in 2020, which is expected to orbit, land and put a rover on the Red Planet in 2021, after ten months of flying. The second Mars probe is scheduled for 2028 to bring samples back to the Earth. China will also probe asteroids(小行星) and undertake an exploration mission to the Jupiter System around 2030.
Li Guoping, director general of the Department of System Engineering at the China National Space Administration, said, “A new Long March 8 rocket using two 2. 25m-diameter solid-propelled boosters(助推器)is currently being researched and it will be launched in 2020. ”
The heavy-lift carrier rocket Long March 9 to be launched in 2028, will exceed 90 meters, and the rocket would have a core stage with a diameter of 10 meters, and be able to carry a payload of 140 tonnes into low-Earth orbit, five times that of the Long March 5, according to Li.
He said, “China will strengthen its use of space technology to monitor the global climate and it plans to send into orbit two satellites. The country has also launched a program to study the probability of earthquake occurrence through electromagnetic monitoring. ”
Li stated, “China promotes cooperation between government and social capital and will improve government procurement(采购) of commercial aerospace products and services. A new regulation regarding rocket launchers will be released shortly and the country supports open and shared commercial space launch sites. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。中国计划于2020年和2028年进行两项火星探测任务。
1. What will China’s first Mars probe be scheduled to do?
A. To explore the Jupiter System.
B. To bring samples back to the Earth.
C. To circle and land on the Red Planet.
D. To establish a research station on Mars.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The country will then launch its first Mars probe in 2020, which is expected to orbit, land and put a rover on the Red Planet in 2021, after ten months of flying. ”可知, 2020年中国将发射第一颗火星探测器在火星上环绕轨道、着陆并放置探测器。故选C。
2. What’s the purpose of China strengthening its use of space technology?
A. To watch the global climate.
B. To monitor flood occurrence.
C. To send three satellites into orbit.
D. To promote its military competence.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“China will strengthen its use of space technology to monitor the global climate and it plans to send into orbit two satellites. ”可知, 中国将加强利用空间技术监测全球气候, 并计划将两颗卫星送入轨道。故选A。
3. According to the passage, we can infer that . ?
A. there exists a strict regulation on rocket launchers in China
B. China’s Chang’e-4 lunar probe has landed on the moon this year
C. China hasn’t counted the Jupiter System in its outer space exploration program
D. Chinese government welcomes social investment in its outer space exploration program
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“China promotes cooperation between government and social capital and will improve government procurement of commercial aerospace products and services. ”可知, 中国促进政府与社会资本的合作, 并将改进商业航天产品和服务的政府采购。故选D。
4. This passage is likely to appear in a . ?
A. magazine B. newspaper
C. textbook D. weather report
【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道。中国计划于2020年和2028年进行两项火星探测任务。所以文章应该来自新闻报纸。故选B。
B
Hospitals in Southwest China’s Sichuan province for the first time used 5G technology for disaster medical rescue, after a magnitude 6. 0 earthquake hit Changning county on 17 June, 2019. This is the world’s first case of applying 5G technology to disaster medical rescue.
According to the official Weibo account of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, at 1: 25 pm on 18 June, an ambulance equipped with a 5G emergency rescue system — the first of its kind in the country — carrying a medical team from Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital and engineers from China Mobile Sichuan Company and China Mobile (Chengdu) Industrial Research Institute assisting in the joint rescue efforts at Changning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). At around 9: 30 pm, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital launched a 5G real-time remote video consultation with its medical team on a patient admitted to Changning County Hospital of TCM for a suspected spleen rupture (脾脏破裂).
According to Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, the 5G emergency rescue system, which puts artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (增强现实), virtual reality and drone (无人机) applications together, allows a series of medical checks including blood tests, electrocardiograms and ultrasounds (心电图和超声波) to be given to patients right away. The information can then be transferred back to the hospital in real time, which greatly saves time in rescuing patients.
The rescue system also helped a 72-year-old patient who had his bone broken in the earthquake. According to a report from Chinanews. com, a temporary ward supported by 5G technology was established at the epicenter of the disaster zone for consultation with doctors from Chengdu, as the aged patient had a previous history of high blood pressure and cerebral infarction (脑梗塞), which made him need more careful treatment.
“The 5G-based network thoroughly solved the problems of poor definition and distortion (失真) of images, as well as interrupted signal transmission, ” said Li Wei, director of the emergency center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。2019年6月17日, 四川长宁县发生地震, 四川省人民医院在全球范围内首次将5G技术用于灾难医学救援。
5. Who did the disaster medical rescue with 5G technology?
A. Doctors and engineers.
B. Firefighters and soldiers.
C. Earthquake professionals.
D. 5G rescue system’s inventors.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“an ambulance equipped with a 5G. . . carrying a medical team from Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital and engineers from China Mobile Sichuan Company and China Mobile (Chengdu) Industrial Research Institute”可知, 使用5G技术参加灾难救援的有四川省人民医院的医疗队以及中国移动四川公司和中国移动(成都)产业研究院的工程师们。
6. How was the rescue carried out?
A. By consulting online in real time.
B. By performing an operation on the patient’s spleen.
C. By sending patients to Chengdu.
D. By giving patients remote medical checks.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital launched a 5G real-time remote video consultation with its medical team on a patient admitted to Changning County Hospital of TCM for a suspected spleen rupture (脾脏破裂)”可知, 本次救援是通过利用5G技术对病人进行实时远程会诊。
7. What is the advantage of the 5G emergency rescue system?
A. Spending less time in rescuing patients.
B. Treating all patients without any doctors.
C. Using an advanced technology.
D. Promoting the accuracy of medical diagnosis.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The information can then be transferred back to the hospital in real time, which greatly saves time in rescuing patients”可知, 5G应急救援系统能够大大节省抢救病人的时间。
8. Why did the aged patient need more careful treatment?
A. He was too old to be cured.
B. He had diseases of old age.
C. He had the worst injury to his legs.
D. He didn’t follow doctors’ advice.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“as the aged patient had a previous history of high blood pressure and cerebral infarction, which made him need more careful treatment”可知, 这位老年病人有高血压和脑梗塞病史, 需要更仔细的治疗。
9. What is the text talking about?
A. A deadly earthquake in China.
B. 5G technology first used in disaster medical rescue.
C. Ways of applying 5G technology to medicine.
D. The first 5G emergency rescue system.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段, 再结合后文内容可知, 2019年6月17日, 四川长宁县发生地震, 5G技术在全球范围内被首次用于灾难医学救援。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
When I first met my new parrot, Chico, his wings had been cut short. He couldn’t fly and he was stuck on the 1 just like us humans. When the weather turned nice, I would take Chico outside. I 2 him on a branch of a tree, hoping to make him happier. At first he seemed confused. He walked back and forth on the branch looking 3 . He didn’t even flap(拍打) his wings in a(n) 4 to fly. Somehow he knew he was incapable. ?
One day Chico got especially excited. He paced back and forth and made an incredible amount of noise. Then all of a sudden he stopped and 5 an even louder scream. He started 6 flapping his wings for the first time ever—then he 7 off the branch like a space shuttle! I was amazed and shocked. Little did I know his feathers had been growing back, and Chico had been waiting until the moment was ripe for 8 ! ?
Two days later Chico returned. First I tried to 9 him back with food, but he would not come near me. Then I took his cage and 10 it away—still he would not come. Finally, I made him a firm 11 that I would let him out every day if the weather was nice as long as he did come back. 12 , he flew onto my shoulder. ?
From that day on, whenever the weather was good I would let him out 13 and he would fly around and be back before dark. The 14 lasted for two months until suddenly Chico became weak. The vet said that he had been infected with a 15 from the pigeons in the neighbourhood. Within a few days he died. ?
I was very sad. The 16 crossed my mind that if I had not set him free to fly, he would be still alive. But what 17 is there in being a bird if you can’t fly? ?
Chico 18 his first breakthrough for freedom on a late Monday afternoon in April. When will you make yours? You too can 19 a chance when the conditions are right, knowing you too, in your own way, were built to fly. If you don’t set yourself free, what will be the 20 of your life? ?
【文章大意】本文主要讲了自己的鹦鹉的事情。
1. A. cage B. scene C. earth D. stage
【解析】选C。句意: 这只鹦鹉就像人一样不会飞, 只能待在地上。cage笼子; scene场景, 一幕; earth地球, 地面; stage舞台。
2. A. brought B. seated C. caught D. chased
【解析】选B。句意: 我把鹦鹉放在树枝上, 希望它能开心。bring带来; seat使坐下; catch抓住; chase追赶。
3. A. delighted B. painful C. anxious D. guilty
【解析】选C。鹦鹉在树枝上来来回回地走, 说明它很焦虑紧张。delighted高兴的; painful痛苦的; anxious焦虑的; guilty内疚的。
4. A. attempt B. order C. journey D. reason
【解析】选A。此处指鹦鹉甚至没有拍动翅膀去尝试飞行, 不知为什么它知道自己没有飞行的能力。attempt尝试; order命令; journey旅行; reason原因。in an attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事。
5. A. gave away B. took on
C. laid out D. let out
【解析】选D。此处指鹦鹉发出尖叫声。give away泄露; 赠送; take on雇用; 呈现; lay out展开, 布置; let out发出(叫声), 泄露(秘密)。
6. A. proudly B. madly
C. slowly D. gracefully
【解析】选B。此处指鹦鹉疯狂地拍打翅膀。proudly骄傲地, 自豪地; madly疯狂地, 发疯地; slowly慢慢地; gracefully优雅地。
7. A. cut B. fell C. knocked D. lifted
【解析】选D。此处指鹦鹉飞离树枝。cut off切断; fall off从……上面掉下来; knock off击倒/撞下来; lift off离开地面, 起飞。
8. A. struggle B. exchange
C. escape D. rescue
【解析】选C。此处指鹦鹉是等着时机成熟准备逃跑。struggle挣扎; exchange交换; escape逃跑; rescue营救。
9. A. trick B. fasten C. seize D. expect
【解析】选A。此处指作者用食物引诱没有效果, 然后把它的鸟笼收起来, 想通过这个方法让鹦鹉靠近。trick欺骗; fasten系牢; seize抓住; expect期望。
10. A. turned B. drove C. put D. threw
【解析】选C。此处指把鸟笼收起来。turn away转身离开, 打发走; drive away赶走, 驱车离开; put. . . away把……收起来放好; throw away扔掉。
11. A. contract B. promise C. hand D. feather
【解析】选B。此处指作者答应在天气好的时候让鹦鹉出去, 鹦鹉终于落到了作者的肩上。contract合同; promise许诺, 答应; hand手; feather羽毛。
12. A. Once in a while B. As usual
C. In the meantime D. At last
【解析】选D。此处指鹦鹉终于落到了作者的肩上。once in a while偶尔; as usual像往常一样; in the meantime同时; at last最后。
13. A. early B. lately
C. sometimes D. firmly
【解析】选A。此处指作者早早地把鹦鹉放出去。early早早地; lately最近; sometimes有时; firmly坚定地。
14. A. practice B. deed
C. routine D. recreation
【解析】选C。此处指他天气好的时候让鹦鹉出去是惯例。practice练习, 做法; deed行为, 契约; routine惯例, 固定的舞步; recreation娱乐。
15. A. spirit B. disease
C. relationship D. diet
【解析】选B。此处指兽医说它从社区里其他鸽子那里感染上疾病了。spirit精神; disease疾病; relationship关系; diet饮食, 节食。
16. A. thought B. fact C. concern D. detail
【解析】选A。一个想法出现在我的脑海里, 如果我不让它自由地飞翔, 它可能现在还活着。thought想法; fact事实; concern关心, 担心; detail细节。
17. A. profit B. mistake C. interest D. meaning
【解析】选D。此处指作为一只鸟不会飞行有什么意义。profit利润; mistake错误; interest利益, 兴趣; meaning意思, 意义。
18. A. discovered B. delivered
C. achieved D. announced
【解析】选C。在四月份的一个星期一的下午较晚的时候Chico为了自由而取得了第一次的突破。discover发现; deliver送; achieve实现, 取得; announce宣布。
19. A. lose B. envy C. deserve D. take
【解析】选D。当条件合适时, 你也能抓住机会, 知道你天生也可以以自己的方式飞翔。lose失去; envy嫉妒; deserve值得; take取走。take a chance抓住机会。
20. A. success B. purpose
C. contribution D. entertainment
【解析】选B。此处指没有了自由, 生活就没有了目的和意义。success成功; purpose目的; contribution贡献; entertainment娱乐。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1. be stuck 被困住
2. back and forth 来回地
3. incapable adj. 不能的
4. all of a sudden 突然
5. ripe adj. 成熟的
6. be infected with 被……感染
7. set. . . free 释放
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On August 29, 2017, I watched TV report of Hurricane Harvey hitting my city, Houston. I 1. (immediate) checked e-mails on my phone and found 2. article about a special group—thousands of selfless volunteers pilot their boats into 3. (flood) areas, helping people. The article explained that they were using an app called Zello 4. (communicate)with one another. I downloaded the app, found the channel and started listening. ?
Voice after voice came through my phone—some asking for help, others
5. (reply)that they were on their way. ?
At 2: 20 am, the woman taking calls had to stop. They asked 6. anyone could replace her and work through the night taking rescue 7. (request). I said yes. I got a two-minute “training” session. Minutes later, I took request after request. All night long, I had been telling them to “hang on—we will be there soon”. ?
After 2: 00 pm, the calls for rescue 8. (slow) down. At 3: 02, I got a text from Shaundra 9. read, “Ma’am, thank you. My grandfather is on his way to a rescue center. ”?
I let out a huge sigh of 10. (relieve). At 6: 00 pm, I closed my laptop. Thinking back that without sleeping for 34 hours, I couldn’t believe what I had experienced. ?
【文章大意】本文作者介绍了在一次飓风袭击自己的城市后, 自己怎样参与救援的。
1. 【解析】immediately。此处需要用副词修饰后面的动词checked。
2. 【解析】an。第一次提到article(文章), 所以用不定冠词。不定冠词a/an泛指数量“一”。
3. 【解析】flooded。此处flooded是过去分词, 作定语修饰后面的名词areas, 表示“被淹没的地区”。
4. 【解析】to communicate。此处是use sth. to do sth. 的结构, 表示“用某物去做某事”。
5. 【解析】replying。破折号后面是描述voice的内容。根据前面的some asking for help, 可知此处的结构是others relying. . . 。
6. 【解析】if/whether。此处表示他们问是否有人能替代她。if/whether表示“是否”, 引导宾语从句。
7. 【解析】requests。此处request是可数名词, 前面没有表示单数概念的词, 所以用复数形式。
8. 【解析】slowed。整篇文章描述的是过去的事情, 所以用过去有关的时态。根据时间状语After 2: 00 pm可知此处用一般过去时。
9. 【解析】that/which。that/which引导定语从句修饰text。关系代词that/which在定语从句中作主语。
10. 【解析】relief。根据介词of可知此处需要名词。a sigh of relief松了一口气。
阅读理解
Acid rain, which is a form of air pollution, currently becomes a subject of great debate because of widespread environmental damage for which it has been blamed. It forms when oxides of sulfur (硫) and nitrogen (氮) combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids, which may then be carried long distances from their source before they drop in the form of rain. The pollution may also take the form of snow or fog or fall down in dry forms. In fact, although the term“acid rain” has been in use for more than a century—it is derived from atmospheric studies that were made in the region of Manchester, England—the more accurate scientific term would be “acid deposition(沉降)”. The dry form of such deposition is just as damaging to the environment as the liquid form.
The problem of acid rain originated with the Industrial Revolution, and it has been growing ever since. Its effects have long been recognized in heavily industrialized areas. The danger of acid rain, however, has become evident only in recent decades. One large area that has been studied extensively is northern Europe, where acid rain has injured crops and forests, and threatened lives in freshwater lakes. In 1984, for example, environmental reports indicated that almost half of the trees in Germany’s Black Forest had been damaged by acid rain. The northeastern United States and eastern Canada have also been particularly affected by this form of pollution. Damage has also been detected in other areas of these countries and other regions of the world.
Industrial emissions(释放) have been blamed as the major cause of acid rain. Because the chemical reactions involved in the production of acid rain in the atmosphere are complex and as yet little understood. Industries have tended to challenge such assessments and to stress the need for further studies and because of the cost of pollution reduction, governments have tended to support this attitude.
【文章大意】本文介绍了酸雨, 它的形成以及危害等。
1. From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that . ?
A. acid rain has caused air pollution
B. acid rain has caused widespread environmental damage
C. acid rain has become a much-studied subject
D. acid rain travels in all directions before it rains down
【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章第一句的意思是: 酸雨是一种空气污染的形式, 由于它所造成的广泛的环境破坏, 目前它已成为了激烈争议的话题。由此可以得出结论: 酸雨给环境带来了大面积的破坏。只有B项符合原意。
【误区警示】干扰选项是A。A项“酸雨引起空气污染”, 这与原文酸雨本身是一种空气污染有出入。
2. According to the passage, acid fog . ?
A. falls down when the atmosphere is moist
B. is not as frequent as acid rain
C. often falls in the region of Manchester, England
D. is as damaging as acid rain
【解析】 D。细节理解题。根据关键词acid fog 定位第一段最后一句The dry form of such deposition is just as damaging to the environment as the liquid form. 干性的酸性沉降对环境的破坏作用与液体形式的一样大。这里所说的“固态”形式指上文提到的酸雾、酸雪等。故答案为D项。
3. The second paragraph is mainly about . ?
A. the origin of acid rain
B. the cause of acid rain
C. the formation of acid rain
D. the widespread damage of acid rain
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据上下文推断, 本段的中心句是该段的The danger of acid rain, however, has become evident only in recent decades. 然而, 酸雨的危害直到近几十年才引起人们的注意。所以这里强调的是酸雨的危害, 而非酸雨的来历、酸雨的诱因或者酸雨的形成。故答案为D项。
4. According to the passage, governments . ?
A. deny that industries cause acid rain
B. admit that they are only partly responsible
C. claim that they are the main sources of pollution
D. think that the cause of acid rain needs further study
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据题干关键词government定位最后一段to stress the need for further studies and because of the cost of pollution reduction, governments have tended to support this attitude, 由此可知, 政府认为酸雨的成因需要进一步研究。故D项为答案。
【知识拓展】背景链接
酸雨正式的名称为酸性沉降, 是指pH值小于5. 6的雨、雪、雾、 雹等大气降水。它可分为“湿沉降”与“干沉降”两大类, 前者指的是所有气状污染物或粒状污染物, 随着雨、雪、雾或雹等降水形态而落到地面, 后者是指在不降雨的日子, 从空中降下来的灰尘所带的一些酸性物质。
酸雨的危害是多方面的, 包括对人体健康、生态系统和建筑设施都有直接和潜在的危害。酸雨可使儿童免疫功能下降, 慢性咽炎、支气管哮喘发病率增加, 同时可使老人眼部、呼吸道患病率增加。
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