(共38张PPT)
Unit 3 The Earth
The Travels of Xu Xiake
Background knowledge
geographer
travel writer
1587--1641
The Travels of Xu Xiake
Kuokesu Grand Canyon, Xinjiang?
starry night in Xinjiang
starry night in Xinjiang
Yuntai Mountain in Henan Province
caves in Guangxi
Stone forest in Yunnan
Karst
areas of limestone eroded over time, producing caves, towers, ridges and other features
cave
to travel around an area in order to find out about it
Our moods can be
_______ by the
beautiful scenery.
affected
correct
adj./v.
accurate
talented
source
Words & expressions:
geographer /d??'?ɡr?f?/?n. 地理学者
explore /?k'spl?r/ v. 探索；探测；探险
cave /ke?v/ n. 山洞，洞穴；窑洞
affect /?'fekt/? v. 影响
correct ?/k?'rekt/ v. 改正；批改 adj. 正确的
accurate ?/??kj?r?t/?adj. 精确的
source /s??s/ n. 来源；水源
talented ?/‘t?l?nt?d/? adj. 有才能的；多才的
1
Words & expressions:
character /'k?r?kt?/ n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；字符
description /d?'skr?p?(?)n/ n. 描述，描写
lifelike /'la?fla?k/ adj. 栩栩如生的；逼真的
express?/?k'spres/?v. 表达
Exercise:
correct
geographer
source
cave
affect
talented
accurate
explore
a.to make a difference to sth.
b.to make sth. right
c. a natural hole in a hill
d.correct in every way
e.able to do sth. well
f.a person who studies geography
g.the place where sth. starts
h.to travel around an area and learn about it
b
f
g
c
a
e
d
h
The Travels of Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake (1587-1641)was a great geographer during the Ming Dynasty. He spent much of his life travelling and exploring China’s geography. Every day, Xu wrote in his diary about what he saw during his travels.
Xu visited areas such as Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi. These places are famous for their karst: areas of limestone eroded over time, producing caves, towers, ridges and other features. Xu also wrote about local plants, and about how they were affected by wind and the changes in temperature. Xu corrected many mistakes about China's geography. He discovered that the Lancang River and the Nu River were not one, but two separate rivers. He also found the true source of the Yangtze River was the Jinsha River. For centuries, people mistakenly believed that the source was the Min River.
Xu Xiake travelled through 16 present-day provinces of China. His writing finally became a huge book of over 600,000 characters, The Travels of Xu Xiake. The Travels of Xu Xiake is important not only for its accurate descriptions of China's geography, but also for Xu's beautiful writing style. He painted a lifelike picture of the geography of China and expressed his love for nature through his writing. Xu was both a great geographer and a talented writer.
Read the article and find whether the following sentences are T(True) of F(False). Correct the false ones.
1. Xu travelled around China for many years. T/F
________________________________________________
2. Karst is found in areas with lots of sand. T/F
________________________________________________
3. The source of the Yangtze River is the Min River. T/F
________________________________________________
4. Xu Xiake had a beatuiful writing style. T/F
________________________________________________
Reading comprehension :
Karst is found in areas with a lot of limestone.
The source of the Ynagtze River is the Jinsha River.
The Travels of Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake (1587-1641)was a great geographer during the Ming Dynasty. He spent much of his life travelling and exploring China’s geography. Every day, Xu wrote in his diary about what he saw during his travels.
Xu visited areas such as Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi. These places are famous for their karst: areas of limestone eroded over time, producing caves, towers, ridges and other features. Xu also wrote about local plants, and about how they were affected by wind and the changes in temperature. Xu corrected many mistakes about China's geography. He discovered that the Lancang River and the Nu River were not one, but two separate rivers. He also found the true source of the Yangtze River was the Jinsha River. For centuries, people mistakenly believed that the source was the Min River.
Xu Xiake travelled through 16 present-day provinces of China. His writing finally became a huge book of over 600,000 characters, The Travels of Xu Xiake. The Travels of Xu Xiake is important not only for its accurate descriptions of China's geography, but also for Xu's beautiful writing style. He painted a lifelike picture of the geography of China and expressed his love for nature through his writing. Xu was both a great geographer and a talented writer.
scanning
The Travels of Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake (1587-1641)was a great geographer during the Ming Dynasty. He spent much of his life travelling and exploring China’s geography. Every day, Xu wrote in his diary about what he saw during his travels.
Xu visited areas such as Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi. These places are famous for their karst: areas of limestone eroded over time, producing caves, towers, ridges and other features. Xu also wrote about local plants, and about how they were affected by wind and the changes in temperature. Xu corrected many mistakes about China's geography. He discovered that the Lancang River and the Nu River were not one, but two separate rivers. He also found the true source of the Yangtze River was the Jinsha River. For centuries, people mistakenly believed that the source was the Min River.
Xu Xiake travelled through 16 present-day provinces of China. His writing finally became a huge book of over 600,000 characters, The Travels of Xu Xiake. The Travels of Xu Xiake is important not only for its accurate descriptions of China's geography, but also for Xu's beautiful writing style. He painted a lifelike picture of the geography of China and expressed his love for nature through his writing. Xu was both a great geographer and a talented writer.
Reading for more details:
Reading for more details:
Who is Xu Xiake?
What did he do?
What are his contributions?
a great ___________during the Ming Dynasty
spent much of his life ________ and _________ China’s geography
wrote in his ______ about what he saw during his travel
geographer
travelling
exploring
diary
Who is Xu Xiake?
visited many places
wrote about _____ ______and about how they were ________ by wind and temperature
________many mistakes about China’s geography, eg. the true ______ of the Yangtze River was the Jinsha River but not the Min River
local
plants
affected
corrected
source
What did he do?
travelling through 16 present-day provinces
writing a book called The Travels of Xu Xiake of over 600,000 _________. It is important not only for its ________ __________ of China’s geography but also for his beautiful _______ _____
Xu was both a great _________ and a talented _________
characters
accurate
description
writing
style
geographer
writer
What are his contributions?
Reading comprehension :
Read the article again and answer the following questions.
1. What did Xuxiake write about in his diary every day?
___________________________________________
2. Where in China did Xu Xiake explore?
___________________________________________
3. Why do you think The Travels of Xu Xiake is an important book?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
He wrote about what he saw during his travels.
He explored 16 present-day provinces of China.
I think it is important because it is a good record about the geography of China from a long time ago. We can read the book and see how China’s geography and nature have changed.
Read and think
1.What difficulties do you think
Xu Xiake faced during his travels?
2.What are the differences between
travels in the past and present?
Imagine our friend Xu Xiake travels to the present by time machine, when he finds that the beautiful scenery has changed a lot, he must be very sad and disappointed. What will he expect us to do?
Discussion
Homework
亲爱的同学们，国庆节即将来临，部分我校师生会选择出行度过小长假，校报正在征集文章，建议全校师生文明旅游，请写一篇以号召大家文明旅游为主题的建议信，字数在60-80字之间。
牛津英语B本7a Unit 3 The Travels of Xu Xiake
一、阅读材料分析（Analysis of the reading material）（除学习材料的文本分析外，须包含该文章与主教材之间的相关性分析）
本篇阅读内容是介绍著名地理学家、游记撰写人徐霞客，分三个部分讲述了他的生平、事迹和主要贡献。本篇文章的词汇部分对于初一学生来说较难，但文章结构清晰。学生可以通过阅读了解这位伟大的地理学家、文学家和他所撰写的徐霞客游记，引出旅游这个话题，在欣赏我们祖国大好河山的同时关注环保问题，号召大家做一名合格的游客。第三课教材内容是以地球为标题，从介绍我们优美的地球入手引出环保的话题，并呼吁大家热爱地球、保护环境，两篇文章相辅相成，从不同侧面切入环保主题。
The reading material mainly introuduces the famous geographer, travel writer Xu Xiake from three aspects: who is he, what did he do and his contributions. The vocabulary of the article is difficult for the Junior One students, but the structure of the passage is clear and easy for students to get. Students can learn about the famous geographer, literator, travel writer and his famous book The Travels of Xu Xiake through reading this article. When we enjoy the beautiful scenery of our country we should pay attention to the environment at the same time, and we should call on more people to be a civilized traveller. The topic of the text of Unit 3 is Earth, beginning with description of our beautiful Earth and leads to the topic of environmental problems, call on people to love and protect our Earth. The two passages are complementary to each other and lead to the theme of environmental protection from different angles.
二、学情分析（Analysis of the learners: English proficiency, character, learning strategies, class size, previous knowledge and competence, etc.）
所授课的班级是初二年级的学生，班级共40人，在整个年级属于中上等水平。但班级内学生的程度参差不齐，所以选择通过以小组合作、小组竞赛的方式互帮互助，共同进步。
Grade Two Class Two, there are 40 students in this class, belong to upper lever in the whole grade. But the students in the class are of different levels. Therefore I divide the students into groups of the same level and let the students help each other, learn how to cooperate with each other by group working. Hope they can make progress together.
三、学习目标（Learning objectives）
一）、阅读能力的提高：
1. 通过本节阅读课，让学生们掌握阅读技巧scanning，
2. 通过对细节的把握，让孩子们在阅读时更注重细节，提取重要信息；
3.通过对整篇文章脉络的把握，让学生们学会归纳总结；
A. Improve reading ability
a) Let students know about the reading ability—scanning by reading through the passage
b) Help students learn to deal with detailed information and extract the important information
c) Help students learn to summarize knowledge by grasping the structure of the passage
二）、思维能力的提升：
1. 通过回答问题和小组讨论的环节，锻炼学生养成用英语思维的习惯；
2. 在设置问题和小组讨论的环节中，尽量设置一些让每个学生都有话讲的问题，锻炼学生的发散思维
B. Improve student’s thinking ability
a) Train students’ thinking ability, help them try to think in English by answering the questions and discussing with group members
b) When teachers ask questions, try to ask the questions that most students have words to say, it can also train students’ divergent thinking ability
三）、口语能力的锻炼和提升
C. Practice and improve students’ speaking English
四）、写作的锻炼与提升
布置了写作的作业，课后学生可以将课堂上所讲的内容，最终落实到笔上，既考察了学生上课听课的状态，也锻炼了学生的写作。
D. Assign writing homework for students, students can use the content that learnt in class to finish the writing task, by doing the homework teacher can check whether the students listen carefully during the class and at the same time to train students’ writing ability.
四、学习重点（Key learning points）
1. 词汇的复习与巩固
2. 课文阅读，了解课文内容，把握文章结构与脉络
3. 熟识环保主题，做到有话可说，有东西可写
1. Review and consolidate the words and expressions in the passage
2. Get the main structure of the passage by reading through it
3. Get familiar with the environmental protection, help the students can speak and write about things on this theme
五、学习难点（Learning difficulties）
1. 词汇的掌握
2. 了解并熟识环保主题
1. Words and expressions
2. learn about the theme of environmental protection
六、学习过程（Learning process）
学习步骤（Learning procedures） 教师活动（Teachers’ activities） 学生活动（Students’ activities） 教学意图（Teaching purpose）
读前（Pre-reading） 1.播放关于徐霞客的视频play a video about Xu Xiake 观看徐霞客的视频watch a video about Xu Xiake 让学生初步了解徐霞客let the students know who Xu Xiake is
2.复习文章当中出现的关键词和短语review some key words and expressions 复习文章当中的重要词和短语并完成练习题review the key words and expression and finish the exercise 处理完词汇，帮学生扫清阅读障碍it will be easier for students to read through the article
读中（While-reading） 1.让学生们在两分钟内快速阅读文章并完成练习判断对错Give students 2 minutes to read the article and then let the students finish the exercise :True or False 两分钟时间读文章然后完成练习判断对错Read the article for about 2 minutes and finish the exercise 帮助学生掌握新的阅读技巧略读help the students gain the reading ability scanning
2.让学生阅读文章五分钟然后完成细节阅读习题Give students 5 minutes to read the article and then let the students finish the exercise：fill in the blanks 五分钟时间阅读文章然后完成练习Read the article for about 5 minutes and finish the exercise 帮助学生掌握文章结构并了解更多文章细节help the students learn about the structure of the article and catch more details of the content
3.让学生再次阅读文章并完成练习回答问题 Let the students read the article again and then answer questions. 再次阅读文章然后回答所给问题Read the article again and finish the exercise 帮助学生把握文章整体 help the students get general idea of the passage
读后（Post-reading） 1.让学生们思考问题：徐霞客在古代旅游过程中会遇到怎样的困难？古代旅游和现代旅游有什么不同？ Let the students think about what difficulties Xu Xiake faced during his travels? What are the differences between travels in the past and present? 小组讨论并回答问题Discuss the questions and prepare to answer them. 让学生了解古今旅游的发展变化并进行对比Students can know more about travelling by comparing it to the ancient times
2.设置讨论题目：假设徐霞客穿越到现代，当他看到现在的风景和人们的出行方式，会有怎样的想法？如果他看到一些不好的事情发生，他会给人们一些什么样的建议？Suppose Xu Xiake travelled to the present by time machine, when he see the views and the travelling ways in the present, let the students discuss the following questions : what will he think? What advice will he give to us? 讨论问题并准备呈现Discuss the questions with group members and prepare for the presentation 让学生们回归本课主要话题：环境保护，呼吁学生们争做文明游客，让学生们归纳如何做一名合格的游客Let the students come back to the main topic of this unit protecting our Earth, and call on students to be civilized travellers and let them know how to be civilized travellers.
家庭作业（Homework） 写一封信，建议全校师生在国庆节期间文明出行。To write a letter to call on teachers and students in our school to be a civilized traveler during the National holiday
板书设计（Blackboard design）
教学反思（Teaching reflection） 本节课由徐霞客的视频引入，先处理词汇部分，通过图片展示的方式让学生更好地记住单词，方式新颖，但所复习的词汇有限，只能挑比较重要的词汇进行重点复习；帮助学生学习并掌握阅读技巧--略读，希望对学生以后的英语学习有帮助；再进入课文，阅读课文的过程中学生通过各种练习，了解课文内容并掌握课文的结构。后面设置了一些由课文所引申出的一些问题，与教材话题相关联，让学生从不同侧面切入环保主题，而后引出与我们生活息息相关的话题—旅游，通过讨论的形式让每个学生参与到课堂中来，只是因时间关系，后面展示部分只是展示了个别小组的成果，在时间的把握方面可以做得更好。This class begins with a video of Xu Xiake. Then, try to help the students remember the words and expressions better by showing students some pictures. Compared with the traditional way of learning vocabulary,this way is new, but kind of limited to some extent. Next, help students learn about the reading skill—scanning. Hope this can be helpful for students’s future study. Then come to the text, students can know about the content and structure of the passage by reading through it and doing some exercise. Ask students some questions extended from the passage, all these questions can lead to the topic of our textbook—environmental problems. Call on students to protect our environment from being a civilized travller. Let students discuss in groups, and conclude their advice on a piece of paper. At last, let students from different groups do presentations one by one. Because of the time, not all groups did their presentations, maybe next time I should make better use of time.
二、阅读命题：
（根据牛津英语B本各单元的教学材料，命制4道单选题，须符合各年级标准化考试时对学生阅读能力考查的命题规律）
原文：（打印成文字稿，字体为Times New Roman，字号为5号字，行距为单倍行距）
Xu Xiake (1587-1641)was a great geographer during the Ming Dynasty. He spent much of his life travelling and exploring China’s geography. Every day, Xu wrote in his diary about what he saw during his travels.
Xu visited areas such as Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi. These places are famous for their karst: areas of limestone eroded over time, producing caves, towers, ridges and other features. Xu also wrote about local plants, and about how they were affected by wind and the changes in temperature. Xu corrected many mistakes about China's geography. He discovered that the Lancang River and the Nu River were not one, but two separate rivers. He also found the true source of the Yangtze River was the Jinsha River. For centuries, people mistakenly believed that the source was the Min River.
Xu Xiake travelled through 16 present-day provinces of China. His writing finally became a huge book of over 600,000 characters, The Travels of Xu Xiake. The Travels of Xu Xiake is important not only for its accurate descriptions of China's geography, but also for Xu's beautiful writing style. He painted a lifelike picture of the geography of China and expressed his love for nature through his writing. Xu was both a great geographer and a talented writer.
命题示例：
1. Which dynasty did Xu Xiake live?
A. the Tang Dynasty B. the Song Dynasty C. the Ming Dynasty D. the Qing Dynasty
2. Karst refers to areas of limestone eroded over time, it can produce many things except______.
A. ridges B. deserts C. caves D. towers
3. Which of the following is not true about the Travels of Xu Xiake according to the passage?
A. it is a book of nearly 600,000 characters
B. it describes China’s geography accurately
C.it shows Xu’s beautiful writing style
D. we can feel Xu’s love for nature through the book
4. From the passage we can know that .
A. Xu Xiake spent several years travelling around China.
B. The true source of the Yangtze River is the Min River
C.The Travel of Xu Xiake is important just because of Xu’s beautiful writing style.
D. Plants can be affected by wind and the changes of temperature.
三、下水作文
如牛津英语七年级上册B本，P39。
Complete the second part of the report. Use the expressions to help you.（根据提示，完成报告的第二部分）
Useful expressions
be bad for the enviornment
recycle（回收利用）as much as possible
ride bicycles and use public transport(公共交通)more often
prevent air pollution
plant more trees
protect the environmnet
Pollution in my city (Part II)
If we want to make our city a better place to live in, we must stop polluting it. Each of us should do something.
First, we must stop throwing away so much rubbish every day. It is bad for the environment. We should recycle as much as possible.
Second, we should ride bicycles and use public transport more often. This can help prevent air pollution.
Finally, we should plant more trees. Trees can take in harmful gases and produce oxygen for us to breathe. They are major fighters against air pollution.
I hope everyone can realize the importance of protecting the enviornment. If everyone can do something for our enviornment, our world will be a better place to live in.
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