Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
[学生用书P76]
品句填词
1．There are lots of colorful plastic bags floating(漂浮) on the lake, which pollute the water.
2．“Don’t lose heart, Tony. Everything will be all right soon，” said Mother gently(温和地)．
3．Many countries are working together to deal with the problem of climate(气候) change.
4．As hours went by, the bear cub’s mother didn’t appear, so the fishermen called a wildlife biologist(生物学家)．
5．Stephen Hawking was one of the greatest physicists(物理学家) in the world.
6．After about an hour of being beyond the pull of the earth’s gravity(压力), Glenn reported that he felt very well.
7．A plane crashed(碰撞) onto a mountain and killed more than 70 people.
8．China is the fifth country in the world to develop and launch(发射) man?made satellites(卫星) independently.
9．Robert pulled(拉，拖) the box out and found the letter was still hidden in it.
10．Some experts think reading is the fundamental(基本的) skill upon which school education depends.
选词填空
in time; give birth to; block out; according to; as a result of; break out; watch out for; now that
1．Now that you have known the truth, I needn’t tell it to you.
2．Luckily, when the fire broke out,no one was in the kitchen.
3．You must watch out for ice on the road in the winter.
4．The design of the house is not good, because that wall blocks out the sunlight.
5．As a result of the damage to the forests, parts of the country are now short of water.
6．A child ran across the road in front of my car, but luckily, I stopped my car just in time．
7．Students will be placed into different classes according to their present language skills.
8．The Greens have a boy and Mrs. Green gave birth to a girl baby last weekend.
完成句子
1．他的新家是你家的两倍大。
His new house is twice as big as yours．
2．他太累了，不想吃晚饭，所以他直接去睡觉了。
He was too tired to have supper,so he went to bed directly.
3．他感觉有人在盯着他，这让他很紧张。
He felt someone staring at him,which made him nervous.
4．既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日对你而言将是个有价值的经历。
Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.
5．这里的生活并不像看起来那么平静。
Life here is not as peaceful as it looks.
课文语法填空
Last month, Li Yanping and the author visited the moon 1.by spaceship. During their journey to the moon, the force of gravity changed three times, the first one of 2.which was the most powerful.
As the rocket rose into the air, the pull of the earth’s gravity was so hard that they 3.were pushed(push) back into their seats and couldn’t say anything to each other. 4.Gradually(gradual) the weight lessened and they were too far from the earth 5.to feel(feel) its pull. That was why the spaceship didn’t fall back to the earth.
When they got closer to the moon, they felt its gravity pulling them, 6.but it wasn’t as strong as the earth’s. When they landed on the moon, their weight was 7.lighter(light) than that on the earth and the author was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. However, they began to enjoy 8.themselves(they) on the moon after a while.
Returning to the earth was very frightening. They were amazed as fire broke out 9.on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. They hoped they would visit some 10.stars(star) next time.
[学生用书P129(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
2．Do remember to watch out for cars while crossing the street.
3．What makes me puzzled(puzzle) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
4．We live in a global (globe) village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.
5．The biologist(biology) thinks that some plants in this area are in danger of extinction.
6．Most children need encouragement in the face of failure so that they can cheer up again.
7．We decided to cut down the tree in front of the window because it blocked out the sunlight.
8．It rained heavily in the south, causing(cause) serious floods in several provinces.
9．Hearing the exciting news, he was too excited to say(say) a word.
10．The boy often breaks in while his parents are speaking.
阅读理解
A
An increasing number of hares(野兔) have been causing such chaos(混乱) at Milan’s city airport that officials have decided to take immediate measures to try and catch them. Linate airport will close for three hours on Sunday while 200 wildlife experts go out on the runways to catch about 80 hares.
“Hares have been active on the runways for months, confusing the ground radar(雷达), and endangering planes landing and taking off，” say officials. “In the last two weeks hares have ended up below the wheels of two planes，” said Alberto Grancini, the Milan province official in charge of hunting and wildlife. “They could have caused serious accidents.”
The Milan airport’s officials said that the hare population at Linate had greatly increased this year leading to several attempts to drive them away from the airport. Unfortunately, the hares have refused to leave, so the decision has been made to close the airport altogether to try to catch them.
The operation begins on Saturday, when an area of 4 square kilometres will be closed off including the runways and aircraft parking areas. The hare hunters will move in at the beginning of the day on Sunday, catching hares until 8：00 a．m. when Linate will reopen. Twelve flights will have to be rescheduled for later in the day. The hares will be taken to protected nature reserves(保护区) in the Milan area and will be set free, in the hope that they do not find their way back to the airport.
Linate, which is only 7 km from the centre of Milan, was built in the 1930s, and served as the city’s main airport until the modernization of Malpensa, 50km up the road. Linate is mainly used by low?cost airlines such as easyJet, as well as by national carriers such as Alitalia and British Airways.
【解题导语】 本文是一则新闻报道。米兰利纳特机场饱受野兔骚扰之苦，不得不暂时关闭机场，将这些野兔逮住之后请出机场。
1．What do Alberto Grancini’s words mean?
A．Hare hunting should be encouraged.
B．Hares are a real threat to airplanes.
C．Protecting hares is a worrying problem.
D．Hares pay a high price for living at the airport.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 They could have caused serious accidents.可知，野兔给机场带来了很大的安全隐患。
2．What can we learn about the airport’s earlier attempts to drive the hares away?
A．Brave. B．Creative.
C．Dangerous. D．Fruitless.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Unfortunately, the hares have refused to leave 可知，先前驱赶野兔离开机场的做法没有效果。
3．How will the hares be dealt with?
A．They will be in the charge of wildlife experts.
B．They will have to find their own way home.
C．They will be brought to a protected area.
D．They will be forced out of Milan.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 The hares will be taken to protected nature reserves(保护区)可知，被逮住的野兔会被带至保护区。
4．According to the last paragraph, Linate airport ________.
A．is 7km away from Malpensa
B．is less popular than before
C．is a century?old airport
D．is a disused airport
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 served as the city’s main airport until the modernization of Malpensa, 50 km up the road 可知，该机场曾是米兰市的主要机场，后来其重要地位被马尔本萨机场取代。
B
There is good news for ladies：The two happiest years of your life might have gone by, but things will not be always bad from now on. Women are most likely to reach the highest point of happiness at 85 years old, according to a new survey by the British National Health Service(NHS)．
To know people’s level of happiness, the 12?question survey asked 8，000 British adults to rate(评估) their levels of self?confidence, anxiety and sleep quality. Through those answers, NHS researchers got each adult’s grade. The grades were between 0－12 points and those getting four or higher were considered mentally ill.
The final findings show that women are more likely than men to report serious mental health problems throughout their lives, which is a surprising pattern for researchers. However, that possibility drops by the time both sexes reach their eighties. A closer look at the results shows that just 14 percent of women over the age of 85 have mental health problems. Twenty?eight percent of women aged 16 to 24, 18 percent of women aged 25 to 34, and 24 percent of women aged 45 to 54 report having mental illness. Meanwhile, almost one in five men aged 85 or older gets a grade showing mental health issues.
Generally speaking, it’s possible that women feel unhappier than men because they often “experience the pressure of domestic(家庭的) and caring responsibilities，” according to Kate Lovett, dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. But those negative feelings may drop in old age, as their children grow up and they are set free from many care?taking duties, she told The Times.
Still, your 85th birthday seems like a long way off. Don’t worry about it. There are a lot of ways to be happier regardless of your age, which are waiting for you to find them out and give them a try.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，女性通常比男性更容易患精神疾病，但是随着年龄增长，男女患精神疾病的风险会有所变化。
5．What was the 12?question survey done for?
A．Helping people become healthier.
B．Learning about people’s happiness.
C．Finding out the sources of people’s pressure.
D．Encouraging people to become more confident.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 To know people’s level of happiness...可知，做这个调查是为了了解人们的幸福感。
6．What surprised the researchers?
A．People can develop mental illness throughout their lives.
B．Men are generally better at dealing with mental illness.
C．Women don’t like keeping their mental illness a secret.
D．Women more likely suffer from serious mental illness.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的The final findings show that women are more likely than men to report serious mental health problems throughout their lives, which is a surprising pattern for researchers.可知，令研究人员惊讶的是：女性比男性更容易患精神疾病。
7．Which of the following statements would Kate Lovett agree with?
A．Women’s pressure is mainly from family.
B．It’s difficult for women to avoid negative feelings.
C．Women should be set free from caring responsibilities.
D．Responsibilities at home may reduce women’s feelings of happiness.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的Generally speaking, it’s possible...according to Kate Lovett, dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists.可知，Kate Lovett认为女性在家里的责任减少了她们的幸福感。
七选五
Giving advice is not one of the easiest tasks. You can be put under a lot of pressure especially if you generally give bad advice. With these tips, you’ll be a professor at giving good advice!
1．________Every situation is unique, so never assume(以为) you know all you need to know about a problem. Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about this situation.
Put yourself in the advisee’s shoes. 2.________If you’ve been in a similar situation, think about what you learned, but don’t rely solely on your experiences to give advice—imagine that you are giving yourself advice for the unique circumstances(情况) that the other person is facing.
3．________If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution. You could even take the opportunity to ask someone who’s more knowledgeable for advice.
Think about the results of taking your advice and not taking your advice. If there’s no obvious difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but it’s not useful either.4.________
Be honest. If your advised course of action has possible problems, tell the person about them.5.________Your goal should not be to blindly lead the person, but rather to help him or her make a good decision, so don’t act like a salesman.
A．Listen to the person asking you for advice.
B．Take time to think about the issue if you can.
C．Try to imagine yourself in the other person’s situation.
D．Understand that the person may not take your advice.
E．If your advice leads to a worse result, your advice probably is bad.
F．You can never be sure that your advice is really the best for him or her.
G．Be honest about this fact if you don’t really feel knowledgeable enough about the problem.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。其实给别人提一些好的意见并不是一件容易的事情，那么怎样能让自己提一些好的意见呢？
1．A 解析：根据下文 Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about this situation.可知，要认真听听向你寻求意见的人的话。
2．C 解析：根据空前的 Put yourself in the advisee’s shoes.可知，试着想象一下你处在别人的位置上是什么样。
3．B 解析：根据空后的 If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution.可知，如果可能的话花点时间想想这件事情。
4．E 解析：根据空前的 If there’s no obvious difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but it’s not useful either.可知，如果你的意见会导致不好的结果，那么这个意见就不好。
5．G 解析：根据上文 Be honest.可知，如果你对这种事情了解得不多，请说真话。
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1
(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
按ESC键退出全屏播放
本部分内容讲解结束
》语法精讲专项突破
语法透析·专项训练◆
单元过关检测(四)
[学生用书P153(单独成册)]
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much money does the man need to borrow?
A．10 dollars. B．20 dollars. C．30 dollars.
2．What did the woman do this afternoon?
A．She did homework.
B．She read in her room.
C．She cleaned the sitting room.
3．What’s the weather like now?
A．Rainy. B．Snowy. C．Sunny.
4．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Boss and employee.
B．Brother and sister.
C．Husband and wife.
5．What does the man probably do?
A．A student. B．An operator. C．A secretary.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why doesn’t the woman suggest flowers?
A．They are boring.
B．They are expensive.
C．They are not in season.
7．What present does the man decide to take?
A．Flowers. B．Chocolates. C．A plant.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How much should the man pay for one night?
A．$170. B．$150. C．$130.
9．How can the man get a membership card?
A．By paying $100.
B．By staying here for 10 days.
C．By having dinner here for five times.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How does the woman usually go to work?
A．By subway. B．By car. C．On foot.
11．What do we know about the man’s brother?
A．He works near his home.
B．He doesn’t like driving a car.
C．He often goes to work on foot.
12．What does the man do to protect the earth?
A．He never drives to work.
B．He goes to work by bus.
C．He shares a car with Mary.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the woman want to buy for herself?
A．A skirt in size 8.
B．A skirt in size 10.
C．A dress in size 8.
14．What disappointed the woman?
A．That there are no red skirts in the store.
B．That there are no red dresses for her in the store.
C．That there are no skirts in her size.
15．What color does the woman’s daughter like?
A．Red. B．Blue. C．White.
16．How much does the woman have to pay for the dress?
A．80 dollars. B．90 dollars. C．100 dollars.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does the speaker do?
A．A tour guide.
B．An artist.
C．A photographer.
18．When will the group arrive in India?
A．On the 5th of November.
B．On the 6th of November.
C．On the 7th of November.
19．How many types of birds are there in the wildlife park?
A．About 10. B．About 20. C．About 300.
20．What can people in the group do in New Delhi?
A．Go sightseeing or go shopping.
B．Travel around on elephants.
C．Have lunch and dinner.
答案：1－5.ABCCA 6－10.CBBAB 11－15.BCBCC
16－20.ABCCA
听力材料
(Text 1)
M: The T?shirt costs 30 dollars.I only have 20 dollars on me.① Could you lend me some?
W：Sure.Here you are.
(Text 2)
M：Have you seen my homework?
W：No.Ask Mom about it.She was doing cleaning in the sitting room.I was reading in my room the whole afternoon.②
(Text 3)
W：Where is my umbrella? I cannot find it.
M：Why do you want to take an umbrella with you？It’s a beautiful day now.③
W：It will rain this afternoon.
(Text 4)
W：How about going boating this afternoon?
M：But I need to finish my work report.
W：You are working all the time.Why can’t you spare any time for me and the kids？④
M：Sorry.I promise I’ll go to the cinema with you tonight.
(Text 5)
W：Hi, Mike.This is Ann speaking.I’m calling to ask you for a favor.
M：Go ahead, Ann.
W：I’m not feeling right now.Could you help me ask for a day off?
M：OK.I’ll tell our teacher Mrs.Smith you can’t come to school today.⑤
(Text 6)
M：My boss has invited me to dinner at his house tomorrow night, but I don’t know what sort of present I should take.
W：I suppose flowers are best, but it’s not a good time of year for them⑥ and people always take chocolates; that’s boring.What about a plant? It’s lovely and not expensive.
M：I think I’d be happier with the boring chocolates⑦ than with a plant actually, but thanks for the ideas, anyway.
(Text 7)
M：Hi, do you have a double room available for tonight?
W：Let me check...We still have a few double rooms, sir.
M：OK.What’s the rate?
W：It’s 150 dollars.⑧ You can save 20 dollars if you have a membership card.
M：Oh, I don’t have one.How can I get it?
W：You can apply for it.The application fee is 100 dollars，⑨ or if you stay in one of our International Hotels for six nights, you’ll automatically get a membership card.
M：I see.Thanks.Is there a canteen here?
W：Sure，there is.It’s on the first floor.
(Text 8)
M：Why did you come to work by subway today?
W：I lent my car to my cousin.⑩ Her boyfriend came to the city.She wants to take him around.
M：Why doesn’t she buy one?
W：She seldom uses a car.?She works near her home, so she often goes to work on foot.Besides, she thinks driving pollutes the air.
M：She thinks like my brother.? He usually goes to work by bus.
W：But a car is a must nowadays.It’s very inconvenient without a car.
M：I agree.But we shouldn’t use our cars too often. Everyone should do something to protect the earth.
W：Is that why you share a car with Mary？?
M：That’s right. We not only save money but also protect the earth in this way.?
(Text 9)
W：Excuse me.Could you show me to the skirts section please?
M：Certainly, madam.Please come this way.
W：Ah! These are just what I’ve been looking for. Have you got them in my size? I’m a size 10.?
M：Just a moment...? I’m afraid not, madam.We just have some in size 8 left.?
W：Oh, how disappointing！? When will you have some in again?
M：This weekend.
W：That’s great.I’ll come back and get one this Sunday.By the way, will there be any in red?
M：Sure.This color sells very well.Are you interested in anything else, madam?
W：Oh, yes.I want to buy a dress for my daughter.? Her birthday is getting close.
M：This way, please...Here it is.Which one do you like, madam? How about this blue one?
W：Oh, no.Blue is not her color.How much does this white one cost？?
M：It costs one hundred dollars.But you can get a twenty percent discount today because we are having a clearance sale.?
W：That’s great, I’ll take it.
(Text 10)
M：Hello.I’m Stephen Mills.I will travel with you on the Tiger Tour to India, but I’m not your tour guide.I work as an artist? and I’m going to take some photographs of tigers so that I can use them when I paint some pictures later.An expert guide will join the group when we arrive in India, but I’m leading the group until then.We leave London on the 6th of November, arriving in India the following day.? It’s a good time of the year to visit the wildlife park where the tigers live. We’ll spend ten days in the wildlife park.There are about 20 types of animals and 300 types of birds to see as well as tigers.? To be sure of seeing tigers, we’ll stay in two different parts of the wildlife park.We’ll spend three days in the north, where we’ll travel around in an open truck, and the rest of the time in the south, where we’ll travel around on elephants.That should be fun! On the way back to London, we have dinner and one night’s bed and breakfast in the Indian capital, New Delhi. There you can either go sightseeing or go shopping，?whichever you prefer.But please note that lunch is not provided on our last day, as the plane leaves at two in the afternoon.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Health Clubs and Fitness Centres
Burlington Fitness Centre and Day Spa
Swimming pool, gym, yoga classes, spa with massage, diet advice. Day rates(价格) for whole day packages or single visit rates for the equipment(器材) and spa. A ￡15 monthly membership fee for unlimited weekday use or ￡25 for weekend use of swimming pool, gym and spa.
Valley Road, Hopton, Burlington.
Tel：016?9955?6677
Active Life Fitness Centre
Fully equipped gym, fitness studio and classes(yoga, jazz dance, aerobics), swimming pool (swimming and water aerobics classes). A￡95 joining fee. A ￡23 monthly membership fee gives you unlimited use of the equipment—except classes, which are extra. Special lower fees for students.
143, Danson Road, Burlington.
Tel：016?7845?4545
Bodyworks Gym
Fully equipped gym, providing trainers to instruct you on the use of the equipment, personal trainers available(可用的). No joining fee. A ￡28 monthly membership fee for unlimited use of the equipment—personal trainers extra. Short term rates available.
26, Merrick Lane, Burlington.
Tel：016?7832?1321
Churchill Square Health Club
Handball courts, tennis courts, golf practice range(instruction available for each of these games), gym, fitness studio(yoga and aerobics classes available). Membership only, please call for rates.
Churchill Square, Burlington.
Tel：016?7898?1781
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章是对四个健身中心设施配备、健身课程、会员特权、地址、联系方式等的相关介绍。
21．To become a member of Bodyworks Gym, how much should you pay per month?
A．￡15. B．￡23.
C．￡25. D．￡28.
D 解析：细节理解题。由Bodyworks Gym部分的A ￡28 monthly membership fee for unlimited use of the equipment可知答案。
22．In which club can you play ball games?
A．Bodyworks Gym.
B．Active Life Fitness Centre.
C．Churchill Square Health Club.
D．Burlington Fitness Centre and Day Spa.
C 解析：细节理解题。由Churchill Square Health Club部分的Handball courts, tennis courts, golf practice range(instruction available for each of these games)可知，在该健身中心你可以玩球类运动。
23．What do the four clubs have in common?
A．All need a joining fee.
B．All need club membership.
C．All are in the same city.
D．All are designed for students.
C 解析：细节理解题。由这四个健身中心的地址可知，它们都位于伯灵顿。
B
William Kamkwamba lives in Malawi, Africa, where most people have to grow their own food and have no electricity or running water. In 2001, when he was 14 years old, there was a terrible drought(干旱) and most families, including William’s, couldn’t grow enough food.
Because of the drought, William’s family couldn’t afford to send him to school anymore. So one day, William went to the library near his home to study. He found a science book called Using Energy, which included instructions for building a windmill(风车). Windmills are good sources of electricity, and they can bring water up from underground. William didn’t know much English, and he wasn’t able to understand most of the book, but it was full of pictures. Looking at the pictures, William thought he could build a windmill for his family.
When William started building his windmill, a lot of people laughed at him, including his mother. But William saw the photo of the windmill in the book. That meant someone else was able to build it, so he knew he could build it, too. He didn’t have the parts and equipment that he saw in the book’s pictures. So he looked for parts in junkyards to build his machine.
William changed his design little by little. First, the windmill powered only one light bulb(灯泡). Finally, it powered four lights. Then there was enough electricity for four lights and a radio. No one laughed at William after that, and people in his town started to come to his house to get power for their cell phones. Later, William built a second windmill. This one brought water up from underground. After that, William began to teach other people how to build windmills.
Now he uses his website, movingwindmills. org, to educate and give hope to people. His main message is this：“To the Africans and the poor who are struggling(挣扎) with your dreams...trust yourself and believe. Whatever happens, don’t give up.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了做风车的马拉维少年William Kamkwamba。
24．What was William’s primary purpose of building a windmill?
A．To set up a family business.
B．To do a science experiment.
C．To realize his childhood dream.
D．To bring electricity to his family.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的have no electricity or running water可知，威廉生活的地方非常苦；再由第二段解释风车的作用good sources of electricity以及第四段描述威廉设计的第一个风车的功效powered...lights可知，他做风车的初衷是给家里发电。
25．What was William’s mother’s attitude towards his building a windmill at first?
A．Hopeful. B．Worried.
C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.
C 解析：观点态度题。由第三段中的a lot of people laughed at him, including his mother可知，一开始妈妈不看好威廉能做出风车。
26．What can we learn about William’s first windmill?
A．It was sold at a high price.
B．It was made of thrown?away things.
C．It could bring water up from underground.
D．It looked the same as the photo in Using Energy.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的He didn’t have the parts and equipment that he saw in the book’s pictures. So he looked for parts in junkyards to build his machine.可知，威廉的第一个风车是由废弃的东西做的。
27．Which of the following can best describe William?
A．Honest. B．Humorous.
C．Self?centered. D．Strong?minded.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第三段描述很多人嘲笑威廉做不成风车，但他却仍然充满信心，以及最后一段中他鼓励人们不要放弃梦想Whatever happens, don’t give up.可知，他是一个意志坚定的人。
C
These days, it seems like everyone wants to go out into space and live on new planets. Rather than depend on another pre?existing planet, could we make a new, proper planet ourselves?
To start with, if we’d want to be living on it, we should find a good place in space to put the new planet. We’d want it to be in a habitable zone, meaning the planet should be at the right distance from its star to make sure there would be perfect temperatures and most importantly, liquid(液态的) water.
We’d also need the right materials to make the planet. Our earth is made up of many different elements(元素). If we made our own new planet, we’d probably want it to have similar elements and a similar structure(结构). We’d also want enough water to form some oceans.
But even if we get all of the materials, creating a new planet like Earth could have many troubles. It might be something more like a huge space station. It would be pretty expensive if we wanted it to be super big.
We would probably also need a lot of food, since there’s going to be many scientists and astronauts out in space working on this project!
According to NASA, each astronaut uses about 0.83 kilograms of food per meal, including 0.12 kilograms of packaging(包装) material. Without the weight of the packaging material, we’d need about 780 kilograms of food just to feed one astronaut for a year.
Putting all these together could make it possible to make our own planet one day! In reality, creating a new planet would probably require a very modern technology and there would be tons of other things to think about. And if this is even possible, it likely won’t happen for a very long time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者就在太空中制造一个全新的宜居行星展开了丰富的想象，阐述了制造星球所需的东西，并指出即使有这种可能，制造星球在短期内并不可能实现。
28．What’s the first thing we should do if we want to create a new planet?
A．To prepare enough food.
B．To design its inner structure.
C．To find a proper place to set the planet.
D．To collect materials similar to our earth.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段首句To start with, if we’d want to be living on it, we should find a good place in space to put the new planet.可知，想要制造一个行星，首先要在太空中找到安置这个行星的位置。
29．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Our earth. B．Outer space.
C．The new planet. D．The ocean water.
C 解析：代词指代题。本段主旨句是We’d also need the right materials to make the planet.即制造的新行星需要有和地球相似的元素和结构，故此处的it指制造的新行星。
30．How much food does an astronaut actually eat each meal?
A．About 0.12 kilograms.
B．About 0.71 kilograms.
C．About 0.83 kilograms.
D．About 0.95 kilograms.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的each astronaut uses about 0.83 kilograms of food per meal, including 0.12 kilograms of packaging(包装) material可知，除掉0.12公斤的包装材料，一个宇航员每顿实际上吃了0.71公斤的食物。
31．What does the author think of creating a planet?
A．It is a waste of money and time.
B．It should be one of NASA’s next plans.
C．It is not a good idea for humans.
D．It won’t come true in the near future.
D 解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的if this is even possible, it likely won’t happen for a very long time可知，作者认为制造星球即使有一定的可能性，也不会在短期内实现。
D
While some primary schools no longer have recess(课间休息), and people like New Jersey Governor Chris Christie argue(争论) that school days should be even longer, a few schools are already moving in a different direction. Some are testing out standing desks, and realizing that a little bit of activity can actually be good for students’attention. Others, like Ward Elementary in Winston?Salem, North Carolina, are starting to fill classrooms with exercise bikes, so students can work out while they learn.
The Read and Ride program at Ward began five years ago. One classroom is equipped with enough exercise bikes for a full class of students, and teachers bring students there throughout the day to use them. As they ride, they read.
As the primary school studied testing data(数据) at the end of the school year, they found that students who had spent the most time in the program achieved an 83% proficiency(熟练度) in reading, while those who spent the least time in the program had failing scores—only 41% proficiency.
“Riding exercise bikes makes reading fun for many kids who get frustrated(挫败的) when they read，” says Scott Ertl, who started the program.“They have a way to deal with that frustration they feel while they ride.”
Using the bikes also gets students to exercise when they might not otherwise want to in gym class.“Many students who are overweight struggle with sports and activities since they don’t want to always be last or lose，” Ertl explains. “On exercise bikes, students can exercise at a comfortable pace according to their own level—without anyone noticing when they slow down or take a break.”
Over the last five years, the Read and Ride program has been introduced to 30 other schools.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国一所小学用自行车替代课桌，让学生在阅读的同时运动健身。
32．Which of the following would Chris Christie agree with?
A．Students should have a good rest.
B．Students should do more exercise.
C．Students should use standing desks.
D．Students should spend more time studying.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的Chris Christie argue(争论) that school days should be even longer可知，他认为学生在校学习时间应该延长，即花更多的时间学习。
33．What do the numbers in Paragraph 3 show?
A．The program helps students learn better.
B．Students show great interest in the program.
C．The program is more popular with primary schools.
D．Slow learners are more willing to take part in the program.
A 解析：推理判断题。第三段的数据是对“边读书边骑车”计划对学生阅读能力影响的分析——在该计划中花费时间最多的学生在阅读方面达到了83%的熟练度，而那些在该计划中花费时间最少的学生只有41%的熟练度。由此可知，该计划有利于帮助学生学得更好。
34．According to Scott Ertl, what’s one advantage of the program?
A．It can replace the gym class.
B．It makes reading more interesting.
C．It teaches students how to lose weight.
D．It allows students to get close to nature.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段Scott Ertl介绍该计划的优势Riding exercise bikes makes reading fun for many kids who get frustrated(挫败的) when they read可知答案。
35．What can we learn about the program?
A．More sports activities will be added to it.
B．It has got support from the government.
C．Many people have doubts about it.
D．It has proved to be a success.
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的the Read and Ride program has been introduced to 30 other schools可知，该计划经证明是成功的。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. 36.________. But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain? Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts(沙漠). 37.________， the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed(扰乱) by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive.
Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help：
38．________. Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle(回收) any material you can. 39.________. Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting(尊重) plants, animals, and the environment. 40.________. You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It’s important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A．Share your space
B．If you ever want to see it
C．But if one part is taken away
D．We depend on each other for food and survival
E．Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go
F．You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends
G．Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
36．G 解析：G项中的birds singing和pet cat sleeping in the sun与该空前的have trees to climb, and insects to study相呼应，都是对首段第一句Your own backyard may be a fun place to play.的解释说明。
37．C 解析：由第一段中的things are related to each other through the food chain和Every part of nature belongs to a community可知，食物链中的任何一个部分缺失，都会使整个食物链垮掉。C项中的taken away与该空后的fall apart相呼应。
38．A 解析：该空后的Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees.和try not to disturb the places where other animals live与A项的Share your space相呼应。
39．E 解析：由本段小标题Do not pollute the environment可知，E项中的Ride your bike or walk to places与该空前的Recycle(回收) any material和该空后的Having fewer cars on the road都是不污染环境的做法。
40．F 解析：F项中的this information与该空后的it都是指代本段小标题Keep learning about and respecting(尊重) plants, animals, and the environment.。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl created the perfect Mother’s Day gift. It was a drawing of a __41__ on white paper with the words“For mom: love, love, love” decorated in hearts. She folded(折叠) her letter, __42__then she lost it.
For most people, that would be the __43__ of this story, but this story has a different result: James Carrell __44__ the letter. He had just __45__ his mother, wishing her a happy Mother’s Day. After he got off the phone, Carrell saw the __46__ on the ground outside of a hardware(五金器具) store in Manvel in Texas, United States. “I __47__ it was a note，” said Carrell. “I __48__ it up and saw the flower and hearts. It __49__ moved me.” Carrell thought the letter would __50__ someone’s day and maybe he could find the __51__， so he posted it in the Talk of Alvin Facebook group. The message __52__ a lot of people, especially one man.
“I was sitting at my friend’s house and saw a man __53__，” said Carrell.
His Facebook comments(评论) included a message from Roberto Alvarado. He wrote，“I can’t __54__ you found my baby’s letter.” Carrell reached out to Alvarado to __55__ the letter. It took a few days, but the men finally __56__ on Thursday night, one day after Alvarado’s daughter Natalie celebrated her seventh birthday.
“__57__ the letter made it home，” said Alvarado. “We are __58__ for what James Carrell did.”
We often forget the power of __59__ things, but for this family from Alvin, Carrell’s small act left a(n) __60__ impression(影响)．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。一名男子捡到一个小女孩写给她母亲的节日祝福信，很受感动。于是他在网上发布帖子寻找主人，最后将其物归原主。
41．A.baby B．girl
C．card D．flower
D 解析：由下文中的I...it up and saw the flower and hearts可知，这幅画画的是一朵“花(flower)”， 并且上面有用心形装饰的话语。
42．A.so B．once
C．but D．until
C 解析：She folded(折叠) her letter与then she lost it之间是转折关系，故填but。
43．A.end B．part
C．scene D．cause
A 解析：由第一段可知，小女孩丢了自己画的一幅画。通常这样的物品丢了以后，没人会在意。也就是说，对大多数人来说，故事就这样“结束(end)”了。
44．A.wrote B．found
C．remembered D．answered
B 解析：由上文中的she lost it以及下文中的I can’t...you found my baby’s letter可知，James Carrell“捡到了(found)”女孩写给她母亲的节日祝福信。
45．A.promised B．invited
C．seen D．called
D 解析：由下文中的After he got off the phone可知，Carrell刚刚给他的母亲“打电话(called)”。
46．A.paper B．words
C．pen D．tools
A 解析：由上文可知，Carrell捡到了那位女孩写给她母亲的祝福信。结合第一段中的It was a drawing...on white paper可知，此处表示，当Carrell挂断电话之后，在一家五金店外面看见了地上的“纸(paper)”。
47．A.proved B．explained
C．knew D．heard
C 解析：此外表示Carrell“知道(knew)”那是一封信。
48．A.opened B．put
C．gave D．made
A 解析：由本句中的saw the flower and hearts可知，Carrell“打开(opened)”那封信。
49．A.hardly B．really
C．lightly D．repeatedly
B 解析：由信的内容以及Carrell接下来的做法可知，Carrell“很(really)”受感动。
50．A.start B．continue
C．ruin D．brighten
D 解析：结合语境可推断，此处表示Carrell觉得收信人看到这份礼物一定会很“高兴(brighten)”。
51．A.owner B．man
C．house D．thing
A 解析：由本句中的so he posted it in the Talk of Alvin Facebook group可知，Carrell觉得他可能会找到信的“主人(owner)”。
52．A.protected B．helped
C．touched D．changed
C 解析：由下文中的His Facebook comments(评论) included a message from Roberto Alvarado可知，Carrell在网上发布了关于这封信的消息，收到了人们的评论。故此处表示这条消息“感动了(touched)”很多人，特别是一位男士。
53．A.leave B．arrive
C．try D．reply
D 解析：由下文中的His Facebook comments(评论) included a message from Roberto Alvarado可知，Carrell正在朋友家里坐着，看见有一个男士“回复(reply)”了消息。
54．A.say B．believe
C．understand D．accept
B 解析：He指的是女孩的父亲Alvarado，他感到很惊讶，无法“相信(believe)” Carrell捡到了女儿的信。
55．A.read B．sign
C．return D．get
C 解析：由上文可知，Carrell在网上发布消息想找到信的主人。故他联系Alvarado，想“归还(return)”那封信。
56．A.failed B．met
C．stopped D．agreed
B 解析：由上文中的Carrell reached out to Alvarado以及下文中的the letter made it home可推断，Carrell和Alvarado取得联系后，“见了面(met)”。
57．A.Naturally B．Suddenly
C．Secretly D．Finally
D 解析：由上文可知，这封信能够物归原主经历了一些过程，故Alvarado说“最终(Finally)”这封信到家了。
58．A.ready B．thankful
C．famous D．fit
B 解析：由上文可知，Carrell捡到小女孩的祝福信，并想方设法将其还给她。故女孩一家应该非常“感激(thankful)”Carrell。
59．A.little B．old
C．special D．boring
A 解析：由下文中的small act可知，此处表示我们经常忽视“小(little)”事情的力量。
60．A.opposite B．unclear
C．lasting D．general
C 解析：结合全文，由本句中的forget和but可知，对于Alvarado全家来说，Carrell的微小的举动给他们带来“深远的(lasting)”影响。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you’re on a dark countryside hill some night, 61.____________(look) up at the sky. A band(束) of light may appear that looks like milk spilled(洒落) across the sky. The ancient Romans called the band via lacteal which means “milky road” 62.____________“milky way”．
The band of light that you see isn’t actually milk, of course—it’s a galaxy(星系). A galaxy can contain many millions of stars 63.____________(hold) together by the force of gravity. Our solar system, 64.____________ includes the sun, the earth, and other planets, is part of this galaxy called the Milky Way.
The Milky Way 65.____________(make) up of hundreds of billions of stars like our sun. And like our sun, most of these stars have at least one planet moving around 66.____________(they). Earth is located about halfway between the center of the Milky Way and its outer edge.
At the center of the Milky Way 67.____________(be) one of the strangest and deadliest things in the universe: a black hole. 68.____________(scientist) believe a black hole lies at the center of most galaxies. The Milky Way’s black hole is called Sagittarius A*. Its gravity is 69.____________ strong that it pulls in anything that gets too close, including stars. So we’re 70.____________(luck) that our earth is located far away from the center!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了宇宙中的银河系。
61．look 解析：考查祈使句。设空处所在句是祈使句，应用动词原形，故填look。
62．or 解析：考查连词。由句意可知，设空处表示“或者”，故填连词or。
63．held 解析：考查过去分词。由by the force of gravity可知，hold与stars之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填held。
64．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明solar system，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
65．is made 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。设空处所在句意为“银河系由几千亿颗类似太阳的恒星构成”，故填is made。be made up of意为“由……构成”。
66．them 解析：考查代词。设空处作宾语，指代most of these stars，表示“它们”，故填宾格them。
67．is 解析：考查主谓一致。设空处所在句为倒装句，句子的主语是one of the strangest and deadliest things in the universe，谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为设空处描述的是客观真理，应用一般现在时，故填is。
68．Scientists 解析：考查名词复数。设空处作主语，表示“科学家”，因为scientist是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故填Scientists。
69．so 解析：考查副词。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。
70．lucky 解析：考查形容词。设空处作表语，由Its gravity is...strong that it pulls in anything that gets too close可知，设空处表示“幸运的”，故填形容词lucky。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
There is a library in our community. My brother and I went to the library every Saturday either do homework or pick out whatever we want to read. We spend a couple of hour there and find lots of things to talk about afterward. Saturday’s night is family movie night so we usual pick up a DVD to watch that night. We get everything the library has to offer. I have DVDs, books and magazines borrowing from our library. My brother enjoys listen to music so he often checks out records. The library has always been a community that values of reading and learning. It has also been a social center that we can connect with another children and find out about activities that are going on.
答案：
There is a library in our community. My brother and I to the library every Saturday either to do homework or pick out whatever we want to read. We spend a couple of there and find lots of things to talk about afterward. night is family movie night so we pick up a DVD to watch that night. We get everything the library has to offer. I have DVDs, books and magazines from our library. My brother enjoys to music so he often checks out records. The library has always been a community that values eq \o(,\s\up0(＼)) reading and learning. It has also been a social center we can connect with children and find out about activities that are going on.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，最近你发现去学校英语角的同学比以前少了。请你给英语角负责人Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．分析原因；
2．给出建议；
3．你的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Mr. Smith，
I’m writing to say something about our English Corner.
Recently, I found that fewer and fewer students are coming to our English Corner. I think the main reason is that we aren’t holding many activities, making it not as attractive as it used to be. To make our English Corner regain its popularity, I think we should hold more interesting activities like speech contests or talk shows. Besides, we can invite more exchange students to join. In this way we can have more native English speakers to talk with. I believe our English Corner will become popular again.
I hope you can take my suggestions into consideration. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
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(共23张PPT)
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本部分内容讲解结束
单元要点回扫
(共43张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 1 Friendship
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》要点透析讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练◆
(共54张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
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本部分内容讲解结束
Unit 4
Astronomy: the science
of the stars
单
元先
知(知
识
system; theory; violent; atmosphere; unlike; fundamental
必记单词
harmful; exist; thus; puzzle; gentle; climate; crash; pull; float
单
in time; lay eggs; give birth to; in ones turn; prevent. from
重点短
2语
block out; cheer up; now that; break out; watch out for
元(先
1.“ make itt(ad+)todo”结构;2.so.that.;3倍数表达法;
知知
经典句型
4 now that引导原因状语从句
单元语法
名词性从句——主语从句
话题写作
解决问题类说明文
教材背景度
》自学导引语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知◆
》教材助读·解解清障
读懂课文·破解难疑
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
[学生用书P125(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
Make Space in Your Summer for Free Fun
You don’t have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut: You can do it at the Air and Space Museum on July 16.
Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But she’ll be at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16—the museum’s first Family Day of the season—to tell you all about her adventures.(Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.) NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions, too.Come to learn how space exploration changed the world.
Another Family Day event takes place on July 25. At “Discover the Moon Day！” you can steer(驾驶) a robotic rover (a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet), examine meteorites(陨石) that were found on the moon, see the capsule(太空舱) that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface using 3?D glasses.
You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. We’ll give you one example: July 20, 1969—46 years ago this month. Do you know what happened that day?
National Air and Space Museum
Independence Avenue at Sixth Street SW
Open daily 10 a．m. to 7：30 p．m. through September 1 (with a few early closings at 5：30 p．m.; visit our website for details)．
Family Day programs are from 10 a．m. to 3 p．m.
Information specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. and Saturday from 9 a．m. to 4 p．m.
All ages, but best for age 7 and older.
For more information, call 202?633?2214 or go to www.airandspace.si.edu.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，是美国国家航空航天博物馆的活动介绍。
1．What can museum visitors do on July 16?
A．Create lunar art.
B．Step into an unusual capsule.
C．See a movie about Earhart’s adventures.
D．Learn about a missing woman pilot’s life.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight 和 on July 16... to tell you all about her adventures 可知，在7月16日博物馆的家庭日活动中，游客可以学习了解一些关于 Earhart 这名失踪的女飞行员的故事。
2．What do we know about “Discover the Moon Day！”？
A．It includes a moon quiz competition.
B．It’s the first Family Day at the museum.
C．It features a famous astronaut’s explanations.
D．It gives people first?hand experience of space.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中列举的“发现月球日”活动：steer(驾驶) a robotic rover, examine meteorites(陨石), see the capsule(太空舱)和 view photos of the lunar surface 可知，该活动给人们提供亲身体验太空的机会。
3．What’s the closing time for the Family Day programs?
A．3 p．m. B．4 p．m.
C．5：30 p．m. D．7：30 p．m.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章后半部分中的 Family Day programs are from 10 a．m. to 3 p．m.可知，家庭日的活动最晚到下午3点结束。
B
Mars is the second?smallest planet in the Solar System. And like the Earth, the climate of Mars has changed over time. Today, Mars is cold and dry and liquid water is not stable on the surface. However, Mars has valley networks, deltas and lake deposits(沉积物). It means it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.
But climate models of the planet’s deep past haven’t been able to produce warm enough conditions to allow liquid water on the surface. “There are people trying to model Mars’ ancient climate using the same kind of models we use here on Earth, and they’re having a really hard time doing it. It’s difficult to create a warm ancient Mars because the Sun was less brighter then and the whole Solar System was cooler at that time，” said Briony Horgan, an assistant professor of earth, atmosphere and planet sciences at Purdue University. “While a lot of people are using climate models, we’re coming at this from a special view—what do the volcanic(火山的) records of Mars tell us？”
Volcanic eruptions(喷发) always happened throughout Mars’ early history. When volcanoes erupt under the ice, the mixture of heat and melt water could create flat?topped mountains called “tuyas”， or table mountains. “We now have data that say there had to have been ice on Mars at some point，” said Ackiss, a Ph.D. candidate at Purdue.
If researchers could find evidence for the volcanic activity under ice elsewhere, it would make sure the case for a very cold ancient Mars. But don’t fear, space lovers. This doesn’t kill the possibility of past life on Mars. “Even if Mars was a cold and icy wasteland, these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist，” Horgan said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家Briony Horgan根据火山运动推测火星过去的气候。
4．According to Paragraph 1, Mars in our Solar System ________.
A．had water long ago
B．has cold and wet climate
C．has valleys and lakes now
D．is the second largest planet
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It means it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.可知，很久以前火星上有水。
5．When talking about the research of Mars’ ancient climate, Briony Horgan ________．
A．was confused about the change of it
B．suggested studying it in the traditional way
C．was for climate models used on Earth for it
D．considered volcanic records as important evidence
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的While a lot of people are using climate models, we’re coming at this from a special view...可知，Briony Horgan认为火山记录是研究过去火星气候很重要的证据。
6．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A．There was no ice on Mars in old days.
B．There might be living things on ancient Mars.
C．The volcanic eruptions showed evidence of life.
D．The volcanoes on Mars erupt frequently nowadays.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的This doesn’t kill the possibility of past life on Mars.以及．..these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist...可知，过去火星上可能会存在生命。
C
Most people have experienced ostracism(孤立) as an observer, whether in school, at work, or among family or friends. Even the people who are not in trouble often couldn’t keep calm when it comes to ostracism. And when a group ostracizes someone out of unkind reasons, others usually view it very negatively as unfair. However, outsiders may also judge(评判) ostracism to be acceptable, for example, when the person ostracized has behaved out of place.
A research team from the University of Basel led by the psychologist Dr. Selma Rudert has now researched five studies. These studies are used to examine by what evidence people are influenced in such judgment situations. The number of volunteers in each of the studies ranges from 30 to 527. The result shows that when somebody is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.
The researchers showed the volunteers various situations of ostracism. Imagine there were three students in a room. The ideas and suggestions from one of the students were regularly taken no notice by the other two. When the ostracized person was “different” from the other two, for example, outsiders judged the ostracism to be unfair. They were annoyed at the two students. However, when the group members were more similar—such as all from the same country, the outsiders’ viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and considered the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.
“These studies are important for topics such as ostracism in schools or workplaces，” says Rudert. When people are too heavily influenced by factors on the surface only and don’t care actual information, it can quickly lead to misjudgments. “In fact，” says Rudert, “you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before judging.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了群体内的相似性影响着人们对孤立现象的评判。
7．What do outsiders think of ostracism?
A．It is always unfair.
B．It is unkind to others.
C．It can be accepted at times.
D．It can help people keep calm.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的...outsiders may also judge(评判) ostracism to be acceptable...可知，旁观者有时认为孤立是可以接受的。
8．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．There are 2，785 volunteers totally in the studies.
B．The ostracized people behave differently from others.
C．These studies examine the evidence of people’s differences.
D．People are easily influenced by others when judging somebody.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的The result shows that when somebody is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.可知，被孤立的人通常行为举止异于他人。
9．The outsiders showed negative opinions on the ostracized person when ________．
A．the person had annoyed them
B．there were more similarities among them
C．their ideas were taken no notice by the person
D．they wanted to have no relationship with the person
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的．..when the group members were more similar—such as all from the same country, the outsiders’ viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and considered the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.可知，当小组成员有相似之处的时候，旁观者不会同情被孤立的人。
10．What’s Rudert’s suggestion on the ostracism?
A．Giving support to the ostracized people.
B．Paying more attention to the ostracized people.
C．Knowing about the actual situation before judging.
D．Avoiding talking about ostracized people in schools.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的．..you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before judging.可知，Rudert建议人们在评判之前先了解情况。
七选五
Many of us long to give a humorous speech well. We imagine ourselves being clever, telling jokes, seeing our hearers smile appreciatively, and laugh in the places where they’re meant to.1.________ If you’re trying to give a humorous speech, here are some tips.
2．________ Is the primary goal of your speech to be funny or is it to give knowledge with humor? Unless you are a comedian, the main purpose of your speech is probably to give your message in an entertaining way, which will include humor. This implies that you will use humor as a tool to help you communicate and carry your message to the audience.
Understanding humor. Humor comes in many shapes and sizes from silly smiles to belly laughs(捧腹大笑).3.________ This enables you to choose what will suit your audience, your speech topic, and the occasion.
Learning to use humor effectively. What works, what doesn’t, and why? We know adding humor to our presentations makes them more effective and more memorable, but sometimes the more we try, the worse it gets. The jokes may fall flat.4.________
Practising before you give your speech. Having prepared your speech, you’re ready for practising. Try to practise more time.5.________ You’ll find out what works, what doesn’t, where you need to edit and why. Truly, I’m not exaggerating(夸张) when I say that practice can make all the difference between success and disappointment.
A．But this is not easy to achieve.
B．In this way, you will improve your speech.
C．Understanding the main purpose of your speech.
D．Asking for advice if you don’t know how to make it.
E．So it’s unlikely that you’ll deliver a humorous speech.
F．Knowing the variety of it can help you use humor more effectively.
G．Therefore, it’s important for you to know how to use humor effectively.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何创作出一篇富有幽默感的演讲稿提了几点建议。
1．A 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的转折关系。本空前讲的是一场幽默的演讲的效果，本空后就如何创作出一篇富有幽默感的演讲稿提了几点建议，故此处需要一个承上启下的句子，故可推出答案。
2．C 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句，后面提到的要懂得演讲稿的主要目的都是围绕这一句展开的。
3．F 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的it指代上文的humor，是指懂得幽默的种类能帮助我们更有效地使用幽默。
4．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是对这一段讲述的内容进行总结。前面讲的是在演讲稿中正确使用幽默并不容易，所以我们需要知道怎样才能高效使用幽默。
5．B 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的顺承关系。根据上文的Having prepared your speech...Try to practise more time.可知，准备好演讲稿后，你就准备好练习了。尝试练习更多时间。这样，你的演讲就会得到提高。
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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
[学生用书P72]
品句填词
1．The computer system(系统) broke down and we need to have it repaired.
2．As is known to us all, there are different kinds of religions(宗教) in the world.
3．The atmosphere(氛围) of the picnic is very friendly. Children are having fun with each other.
4．Chemical pollution will pose a threat to agriculture, food chain(链) and human health.
5．Eating too much sugar is harmful(有害的) to your teeth.
6．What puzzles(使困惑) me is why the couple had a violent quarrel last night. I have the impression that they always get along well with each other.
7．Opportunities exist(存在) in our company for experienced engineers.
8．He is quite patient with his children, unlike(不像) his wife.
9．Fresh air is fundamental(基础的) to good health, so we should make every effort to improve air quality.
10．He has broken the world record, thus(因此) winning his first gold medal.
完成句子
1．我们一定要采取措施使这样的事不再发生。
We must take steps to prevent such things from happening again.
2．他在音乐方面很有天赋，注定会成为一名优秀的音乐家。
He has a great gift for music and is to become an excellent musician.
3．很多在线学校能让学生根据自己的节奏学习。
Many online schools allow students to study at their own pace.
4．此外，阅读使我们思想充实，使我们过上有意义的生活成为可能。
What’s more, reading enriches our minds and makes it possible for us to live a meaningful life.
5．这些船捕捞大量的鱼类，根本不让它们有产卵的时间。
These boats caught a lot of fish without giving them time to lay eggs．
6．只有努力学习，你才能在考试中取得优异的成绩。
Only by studying hard can you get excellent grades in your exams.
课文语法填空
It’s widely accepted that the universe began with a “Big Bang”. For several billion years after 1.the “Big Bang”， the earth was still just a cloud of dust, 2.which settled into a solid globe between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago. The earth became so 3.violent(violence) that it exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time 4.to produce(produce) carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases. They were to make the earth’s atmosphere. When the earth cooled down, water began to appear on the earth, which made it possible for life to develop.
Many millions of years later, the first 5.extremely(extreme) small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They produced oxygen, which encouraged the later 6.development(develop) of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. With green plants 7.appearing(appear) on land, insects, amphibians and reptiles appeared one 8.after another. After that, dinosaurs appeared. However, they suddenly disappeared 65 million years ago. 9.Their(they) disappearance made mammals rise on the earth.
Finally about 2.6 million years ago, humans appeared on the earth. They have caused the earth to become hot. 10.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether global warming can be solved.
[学生用书P127(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．The plant Professor Li is studying exists(exist) only in Australia.
2．The course is designed to help students to understand the structure of those two systems(system)．
3．Scientists developed several theories(theory) on what else might determine which hand you write with.
4．Because of the violent(violence) wind, many people couldn’t go to work.
5．The four?year?old Russian girl has drawn global(globe) attention for her great gift for languages.
6．Unlike(like) the tradition in the West, the family name in China is put first, which is followed by the given name.
7．The air is harmful(harm) to health, so you mustn’t enter the room.
8．Over the past ten years, Mr. Green has multiplied(multiply) his money many times.
9．We were puzzled(puzzle) about the sudden disappearance of our guide at that moment.
10．The government is spending billions(billion) of dollars on new rail projects.
阅读理解
A
If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a genius(天才), they will cause great damage to him. According to several leading educational experts, this is one of the biggest mistakes that some parents make. Generally, the child will understand very well what the parents expect, and will fall. Unrealistic(不现实的) expectations of the parents can cause great damage to children.
However, if parents are not unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are hopeful in a sensible(明智的) way, the child may succeed in doing very well—especially if the parents are very supportive to their children.
Michael Lis is very lucky. He is very fond of music and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and let him attend piano and violin lessons. Although Michael’s mother knows very little about music, his father is a good musician. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Michael’s friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky. Although both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win.“When I was your age I used to win every competition I enter.” Winston’s father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he is always quiet and unhappy.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。本文主要论述的是父母在抚养孩子的过程中，对孩子期望过高会对孩子的成长和发展造成伤害，并举了两个例子来说明父母的正确做法是什么，对孩子有什么好处，而错误做法会对孩子造成什么样的伤害。
1．The main idea of the passage is ________．
A．what differences there are between parents
B．what aim of a child can be easier to reach
C．what parents should make a child a musician
D．how parents should bring up their children
D 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述的是父母在抚养孩子的过程中，对孩子期望过高，会对孩子的成长和发展造成伤害，并举例说明了父母的正确做法，故D项为本题答案。
2．Michael is lucky because ________．
A．his parents help him in a sensible way
B．his family is rich enough to have a car
C．his father is a successful musician
D．he is free to do anything he likes best
A 解析：推理判断题。从第二段的“but are hopeful in a．..supportive to their children”可知，这是好的父母的做法，而第三段接着举例说明了这个好的做法。因此A项为本题答案。
3．Winston’s parents set so high a standard for him that ________．
A．he has to do his best to do everything
B．he had made greater progress in music
C．he is afraid he may disappoint them
D．he often wants to kill himself someday
C 解析：推理判断题。从文章的最后一句“Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he is always quiet and unhappy.”可知答案。
4．It is one of the parents’ worst mistakes if they ________．
A．want their child to be a musician
B．make their child try to achieve too much
C．don’t care their child’s education much
D．help their child to win music competitions
B 解析：细节理解题。从第一段的“If parents bring up a child...that some parents make.”可知答案。
B
The car can be a killer. In the US, 36, 675 people died in traffic accidents in 2014. The year before, 2.3 million people were injured in traffic accidents. And during the past ten years, electronic monitoring(监控) programs have been widely used in order to reduce the number of accidents. It is mainly aimed at drivers who run red lights.
In a study I co?authored with Paul J. Fisher, we examined all police?recorded traffic accidents in three large Texas cities over a 12?year period—hundreds of thousands of accidents. We found they didn’t reduce the total number of car accidents as well as the total number of people injured in accidents.
In a red light camera program, a camera is placed in a location where it can take photos or videos of cars as they pass through the intersections(十字路口). City employees then examine the photos. If a car is in the intersection when the light is red, the driver will be fined(罚款). Evidence clearly shows that camera programs really help reduce the number of cars running red lights. In one study in Virginia, red light cameras reduced the number of total drivers running red lights by 67 percent.
However, cameras can have negative effects on traffic safety. Some drivers who intend to continue to cross the intersection when the light is yellow or red will now try to stop. That means that the number of accidents caused by cars not stopping at a red light will likely decrease. But the number of accidents from stopping at a red light is likely to ascend. In order to avoid being fined, some drivers will try to stop, causing a higher risk of other accidents.
The increased number of traffic accidents at intersections in cities is a serious problem. But our study shows that the camera program in Texas was helpless in improving traffic safety. Therefore, electronic monitoring is not the real solution.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者主要是通过自己的研究说明在十字路口装摄像头并不能有效阻止交通事故的发生，因此需要更好的方式来改善交通安全。
5．The author did the study most probably to know whether ________．
A．red light cameras really worked as expected
B．traffic accidents mainly happened at intersections
C．red light cameras helped drivers obey the traffic rules
D．traffic accidents were mainly caused by running red lights
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的We found they didn’t reduce the total number of car accidents as well as the total number of people injured in accidents.可知，这个是调查的结果，其中they指的是摄像头，因此可推测作者做这个调查是为了知道装更多的摄像头是否真的像所预期的(对于减少交通事故)那样管用。
6．What does the underlined word “ascend” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Fall. B．Rise.
C．Change. D．Differ.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据转折词But可知，此句与前一句构成转折关系，再根据本段第一句However, cameras can have negative effects on traffic safety.可推测，该词意为“上升”。
7．What can we infer from the author’s study?
A．Red lights may have negative effects on traffic safety.
B．Better ways should be found to improve traffic safety.
C．More red light cameras should be used at intersections.
D．Traffic accidents at intersections are difficult to avoid.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的But our study shows that the camera program in Texas was helpless in improving traffic safety. Therefore, electronic monitoring is not the real solution.可知，作者通过研究发现，安装摄像头并不是有效改善交通安全的措施，所以可推测，为了改善交通安全，还需要找到更好的办法。
8．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Red light cameras don’t really make streets safer.
B．Electronic monitoring is widely used at intersections.
C．The number of traffic accidents remains high in the US.
D．Accidents caused by running red lights shouldn’t be ignored.
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要是通过自己的研究表明，装更多的摄像头并不能有效减少交通事故。
完形填空
Stephen, a 14?year?old boy, was walking alone on the streets. It was almost 10 pm.
This evening, Stephen’s mom asked him about his low grades in the recent __1__. Stephen had a careless attitude and did not __2__ in a nice way. She scolded(责备) him, but Stephen quarrelled with her without __3__ he was also at fault. The __4__ ended so bad that Stephen left their __5__ in a storm with his eyes filled with tears(眼泪)．
He walked for more than two hours, exhausted and hungry. Suddenly, he was __6__ by a sweet smell from a small noodle shop.
He realised there was not even a coin in his pocket. With a(n) __7__ face, he decided to leave. The shop owner saw him and __8__ him to have some food.
Stephen explained he had no __9__， but the shop owner smiled and said he wouldn’t ask him for any.
He __10__ a hot bowl of delicious noodles for Stephen. Stephen __11__ him from his heart and promised him that he would return his __12__.
Stephen was in tears when he ate the noodles.
The shop owner asked Stephen what had happened. Stephen told him about the quarrel with his mother.
The shop owner asked Stephen，“Do you __13__ you owe(欠) me something？”
Stephen said，“Yes. Of course! This is a great __14__. I was very hungry as I ate __15__ from the noon！”
The shop owner smiled，“Good my dear! Now think about your mom. She cooked for you. She played with you. She __16__ you with all her heart. She was always there for you when you __17__ her. Even now, she has fought with you for your own good.Don’t you feel you owe a lot to her？”
Stephen realised his __18__. He thanked the shop owner and rushed to his home. He saw his mother __19__ him on their street with tears in her eyes.He hugged her and begged her __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了一个男孩和母亲争吵后离家出走，后来，他在一位面馆老板的帮助下认识到自己的错误，最后回家与母亲和好的故事。
1．A.exam B．course
C．judgement D．competition
A 解析：根据上文的his low grades可知，Stephen的妈妈询问他近期“考试(exam)”分数低的事。
2．A.greet B．reply
C．show D．start
B 解析：根据上文的a careless attitude可知，Stephen并没有好好“回答(reply)”妈妈的询问。
3．A.insisting B．explaining
C．remembering D．realising
D 解析：根据文中的Stephen quarrelled with her及he was also at fault可知，Stephen并没有“认识到(realising)”自己也有错。
4．A.fight B．discussion
C．dinner D．meeting
A 解析：根据文中对Stephen与妈妈争吵的描述可知，这场“争吵(fight)”很激烈。
5．A.city B．house
C．school D．community
B 解析：根据第一段中的Stephen, a 14?year?old boy, was walking alone on the streets.可知，Stephen和妈妈争吵后离“家(house)”出走了。
6．A.affected B．surprised
C．attracted D．amused
C 解析：根据本段中的He walked for more than two hours, exhausted and hungry.及by a sweet smell from a small noodle shop可知，Stephen走得累了，饿了，突然被一阵从面馆飘出的香味所“吸引(attracted)”。
7．A.sad B．ugly
C．strange D．serious
A 解析：根据文中的He realised there was not even a coin in his pocket.及the shop owner smiled and said he wouldn’t ask him for any可知，Stephen很“难过(sad)”，准备离开。面馆老板看见了他，叫“(asked)”他进店吃点东西。Stephen就解释他没有“钱(money)”，但是面馆老板却笑着说他不要钱。
8．A.preferred B．paid
C．ordered D．asked
D 解析：参见上题解析。
9．A.right B．time
C．idea D．money
D
10．A.bought B．found
C．prepared D．collected
C 解析：根据对面馆老板邀请Stephen吃面的描述可知，面馆老板为Stephen“准备(prepared)”了一碗热气腾腾的美味面条。Stephen很“感谢(thanked)”他，而且承诺会回报他的“善行(kindness)”。
11．A.praised B．thanked
C．accepted D．congratulated
B 解析：参见上题解析。
12．A.enthusiasm B．friendship
C．patience D．kindness
D
13．A.mean B．feel
C．believe D．worry
B 解析：根据对面馆老板邀请Stephen吃面的描述及文中的promised him that he would return可知，面馆老板问Stephen是否“觉得(feel)”自己对他有所亏欠。
14．A.fun B．deal
C．help D．problem
C 解析：根据本段中的Yes. Of course.可知，Stephen觉得面馆老板“帮(help)”了自己一个大忙。他很饿，因为他从中午开始就“什么都没(nothing)”吃。
15．A.nothing B．everything
C．something D．anything
A 解析：参见上题解析。
16．A.took hold of B．kept up with
C．took care of D．looked forward to
C 解析：根据本段中的She cooked for you. She played with you.可知，Stephen的妈妈全心全意地“照顾(took care of)”他。而且在Stephen“需要(needed)”她的时候，她永远都在。
17．A.caught B．visited
C．needed D．forgot
C 解析：参见上题解析。
18．A.mistake B．dream
C．change D．importance
A 解析：根据上一段面馆老板对Stephen的劝说可知，Stephen终于认识到了自己的“错误(mistake)”。
19．A.running after B．watching over
C．seeing off D．searching for
D 解析：根据下文的on their street with tears in her eyes可知，Stephen看到他的妈妈正眼含泪水，在街上“寻找(searching for)”他。
20．A.support B．forgiveness
C．trust D．permission
B 解析：根据上文的begged可知，Stephen拥抱了妈妈，并乞求她的“原谅(forgiveness)”。
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Section Ⅳ Grammar
[学生用书P131(单独成册)]
用适当的连接词填空
1．What interested me most was how the man escaped from Cuba and made his way to Miami.
2．That her son came back safely made Mrs. Wang feel relieved.
3．Who will be in charge of the project is quite important.
4．Which one is the healthiest is uncertain.
5．When/Whether Mr. Green will return from China by plane hasn’t been decided yet.
6．Where/How/When Bob got such important information is still a mystery.
7．How our brain works is being studied by the scientists.
8．Why Johnson gave up such a good chance is still unknown.
9．It was reported that the two companies would carry out a project together.
10．It doesn’t matter much whether you will come to the party or not.
11．Why Tom moved to Canada suddenly remains a puzzle.
12．What caused him to be so angry made us curious.
13．It is a great pity that you didn’t go to Helen’s birthday party.
14．It is not clear whether Michael will go camping on the weekend.
15．What concerns the boss most is how to improve customer service.
阅读理解
For people living in the digital(数字的) age, it has become almost required to be active on social media. Facebook has been around for more than 10 years. And with the large increase in the number of people using Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat, social media take up a large part of our everyday lives. They allow us to communicate with our family and friends easily. They also allow us to join some organizations and meet some new people we would have never had the chance to know without social media. However, social media can also be annoying sometimes.
For me, I find it upsetting to always be aware of where people are and what they’re doing. This was my problem with Snapchat, because it makes you walk through other people’s life all the time. Back when Facebook was becoming popular, people began pointing out how it may be unhealthy, because it allows you to compare your life with the lives people choose to make public. This is especially a problem on some platforms like Snapchat. It was upsetting to go through stories on a lazy Saturday evening where you see people out doing things while you’re just sitting at home watching Netflix.
This is not to paint social media as some damaging force that is ruining lives. Most people can use social media without getting annoyed or hurt. If you feel like your social media use is healthy and it makes you happy, then I encourage you to continue. However, if you think it brings out the worst in you, consider taking a break. I’m not meaning never using Twitter again, but taking a few weeks or months to step away and remove it from your life. I left both my Twitter and Snapchat accounts active in case I wish to make the return in the future. For now, I’m enjoying the freedom that goes without having to check every notification(通知) and knowing everything about everyone to focus on myself.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。现在社交媒体在我们的日常生活中起着非常重要的作用，但是也给我们的生活带来了一些消极的影响。
1．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us about social media?
A．They are considered annoying by most users.
B．They have become popular all over the world.
C．They are considered a must by different age groups.
D．They have played an important role in our daily life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的 And with the large increase in the number of people using Twitter...chance to know without social media.可推测，第一段表明社交媒体现在在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。
2．What was the author’s problem with Snapchat?
A．She always had to pay attention to others’ activities.
B．She didn’t have much to share with others.
C．She found it difficult for her to use it.
D．She was too busy to use it.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的 For me, I find it upsetting to always...because it makes you walk through other people’s life all the time.可知，作者的问题是：她不得不经常去关注别人的生活。
3．When the author was going through stories on Snapchat, how did she most probably respond?
A．She was deeply moved.
B．She felt happy for others.
C．She was greatly inspired.
D．She felt sad about her life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的 Back when Facebook was becoming popular, people began...while you’re just sitting at home watching Netflix.可推断，作者看到那上面的帖子最有可能为自己的生活感到难过。
4．Which of the following statements would the author most probably agree with?
A．Instagram is more popular with people.
B．People should leave social media once for all.
C．Social media have more disadvantages than advantages.
D．We should use social media according to our actual situations.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段的 If you feel like your social media use is healthy...consider taking a break.可推断，我们应该根据自己的实际情况来选择是否使用社交媒体。
完形填空
Wildfires continue sweeping across Southern California. Some families are returning home to find their houses are completely __1__ and many things turned to dust and ashes(灰烬). It’s __2__， but stories of hope, like the one from this Ventura County couple, are beginning to __3__．
Don and Julie Myers had been evacuated(撤离) from their home, and when they returned, they didn’t __4__ to find some things after the big fire. The couple had a safety box. __5__， when they opened it, it seemed that everything was __6__. Still, the firefighters on?site helped them __7__ the safety box carefully just __8__ there was anything that can be saved. Don __9__ to look through the remnants(遗留物), and by doing so, he found his wife’s original wedding ring.
Julie has two rings: the original one, which was __10__ in the safety box, and a new one that Don bought for their 25th anniversary. She was __11__ the new ring at the time of the fire. Once they found the original ring, Don got down on one knee and re?proposed(再次求婚) to Julie, proving that in times of __12__， acts of love win the victory.
“It was truly __13__ that he found it. I had thought we had __14__ it because everything else was totally damaged，” Julie says. “My son photographed the proposal. It was very meaningful and I was terribly __15__．”
“The support from the people in the city of Ventura was amazing，” Julie says. She advises those who want to offer help to __16__ shopping cards, because most people have so many things to __17__ after big disasters.
__18__， the wildfires in Southern California have __19__ 230，000 acres of land, including parts of Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, Ventura, and Santa Barbara counties. There are several organizations that are looking for __20__ and contributions; you can find more information here.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场大火吞噬了南加利福尼亚，Don和Julie也在大火中失去家园，但他们的结婚戒指却在大火中失而复得。大火还见证了人们之间的无私援助和真情。
1．A.destroyed B．removed
C．missed D．decorated
A 解析：根据后文的many things turned to dust and ashes(灰烬)可知，大火持续吞噬南加利福利亚，一些家庭重返家园，发现他们的房子完全被焚毁(destroyed)。
2．A.touching B．heartbreaking
C．disappointing D．surprising
B 解析：大火毁掉了一切，所以可推测，这是令人伤心的(heartbreaking)。
3．A.change B．hide
C．compare D．appear
D 解析：尽管大火无情，充满希望的故事还是有的，结合下文，Don和Julie Myers的爱情故事出现奇迹，故可推出答案。
4．A.expect B．stop
C．remember D．agree
A 解析：根据上文的many things turned to dust and ashes(灰烬)可推测，他们并没有期待(expect)能在大火后找到点什么东西。
5．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Otherwise
B 解析：根据上文的The couple had a safety box.可推测，虽然他们有一个保险箱，但当他们打开它，却发现几乎所有的东西都被毁掉了。
6．A.unrecognizable B．complete
C．impossible D．wonderful
A 解析：火势如此之大，箱子里的很多东西都变得无法辨认(unrecognizable)。
7．A.check B．fill
C．close D．empty
A 解析：根据下文的look through the remnants可知，在场的消防员帮他们查看(check)保险箱。
8．A.in case B．as if
C．now that D．or else
A 解析：在场的消防员帮他们查看保险箱，以防(in case)还能找到一些可以挽救的东西。
9．A.pretended B．regretted
C．refused D．continued
D 解析：Don继续(continued)在大火烧过的遗留物中寻找。
10．A.stuck B．kept
C．forgotten D．left
B 解析：他们有两个戒指，以前的结婚戒指保存(kept)在保险箱里。
11．A.taking off B．researching
C．breaking up D．wearing
D 解析：在火灾发生时，Julie戴着(wearing)新戒指。
12．A.determination B．disaster
C．congratulation D．depression
B 解析：Don的这个举动证明，在灾难时刻，爱的行动最后会胜过一切。按照语境，他们找到结婚戒指时正处于灾难现场，故可推出答案。
13．A.amazing B．amusing
C．frightening D．annoying
A 解析：能在大火灰烬中找到结婚戒指，这种结局的确让人惊讶(amazing)。
14．A.thrown B．discovered
C．mistaken D．lost
D 解析：Julie原以为会失去(lost)那枚结婚戒指，因为一切被大火烧得面目全非。
15．A.moved B．nervous
C．proud D．upset
A 解析：根据前文的It was very meaningful and I was terribly可推测Julie是很感动的(moved)。
16．A.rent B．put up
C．give away D．lend
C 解析：她建议想要提供帮助的人可以给他们捐(give away)一些购物卡。
17．A.select B．replace
C．repair D．design
B 解析：大火过后，大多数家庭的物品需要置换(replace)，因为他们家中的财产几乎付之一炬。
18．A.Unfortunately B．Strangely
C．Suddenly D．Eagerly
A 解析：不幸的是(Unfortunately)，南加州的野火烧毁了230，000英亩的土地。
19．A.ignored B．surrounded
C．burned D．buried
C 解析：因为发生的是大火，故应该是烧毁了(burned)230，000英亩的土地。
20．A.volunteers B．leaders
C．competitors D．employees
A 解析：大火过后，一些救援组织需要的应该是志愿者(volunteers)和人们捐赠的物资。
语法填空
The Big Bang theory is science’s best explanation of how the universe began. The theory insists that our universe 1.____________(create) when a tiny and super?hot mass exploded and began expanding very rapidly. It 2.____________(final) cooled and formed into the stars and galaxies(银河系) with 3.____________we are familiar. It is said 4.____________the event happened approximately 15 billion years ago. The event of the Big Bang was space itself expanding—perhaps at speeds 5.____________ (great) than light.
Since the late 1960s, the Big Bang theory 6.____________(be) the main explanation for the birth of our universe. Because 7.____________(physics) have not yet found a convincing theory that explains how gravity operates, they are unable 8.____________(find) theories as to what happened after the Big Bang. At the very beginning, our universe may have been an object with nearly?infinite density, 9.____________ perhaps something else. Our instruments and 10.____________(science) methods may need to be fully improved before any further progress is made.
1．was created 解析： 考查一般过去时的被动语态。universe 与 create 之间是被动关系，且 create 所表示的动作发生在过去，故填 was created。
2．finally 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰 cooled 和 formed，故填 finally。
3．which 解析：考查关系代词。此处为由“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 stars and galaxies(银河系), 因该关系代词在从句中作介词 with 的宾语，故填 which。
4．that 解析：考查连接词。It is said that... 意为“据说”，其中 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是由 that 引导的从句。
5．greater 解析：考查形容词的比较级。由 than 可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填 greater。
6．has been 解析：考查时态。由Since the late 1960s可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has been。
7．physicists 解析：考查名词。设空处作主语，表示“物理学家”，又因谓语动词为复数形式，故填 physicists。
8．to find 解析：考查不定式。be unable to do sth. 意为“没有能力做某事”。
9．or 解析：考查连词。由句意可知， an object with nearly?infinite density 与 something else 之间是选择关系，故填 or。
10．scientific 解析： 考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰 methods, 表示“科学的”，故填 scientific。
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(共56张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
按ESC键退出全屏播放
本部分内容讲解结束
》自学导引语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知◆
》教材助读·解解清障
读懂课文·破解难疑
》要点透析讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练◆
