中考英语专题复习：定语从句 复习课件（18张）

(共18张PPT)






中考专题复习《定语从句》一
Revision of the Attributive clause


在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句
如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. 我认识那个坐在树下的女孩。
定语从句
先行词
从句(定语从句)
__
_______



引导词

复习目标：1、判断定语从句。
2、掌握关于先行词指人的关系词。
3、掌握关于先行词指物的关系词。
重点：选取正确的关系词。
难点：1、与状语从句的辨析(考查点)。
2、指代人的关系词中主语、宾语的区分。
3、关系词选用中的特殊情况。


定 语 从 句
在复合句中修饰名词或代词，在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词，也叫关系词。如：
The man who spoke at the meeting just now is my uncle.
(先行词) (关系词) (定语从句)
The present that I received yesterday evening is from my
(先行词) (关系词) (定语从句)
pen pal in the USA.
定语从句

定义：
构成：
引导词
在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(关系词)
主语+谓语+先行词+关系词+定语从句

who或that(先行词在从句中充当主语)如：This is the man who/that won the first prize.
who或whom(先行词在从句中充当宾语)或that(可省略)
如：She is the girl who/whomthat Tom loves.
whose(先行词在从句中充当定语,不能用that替代)
如：The boy whose father is a doctor is my good friend Jim.
代指人
代指物


which或that(不分主语还是宾语)
如：The car which I bought is red.
注意：1.只能用that的情况。
2.关系副词when、where 的特殊用法。
1.关系词的选用
先行词 关系词 例子
人 who / that The girl who / that has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。
物 which / that Lucy likes music which / that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,作宾语时口语中常省略。
如：How old is the boy (that / who / whom) I saw this morning?
我今天上午看到的那个男孩多大了？
注意：
2.只能用关系代词that的情况
特殊情况 例子
先行词被最高级修饰 This is the most interesting class that I have ever had.
这是我上过最有趣的课。
先行词被序数词修饰 The first thing that we should do is to get some food.
我们要做的第一件事就是获得一些食物。
先行词同时包含人和物 Can you remember the writer and his books that we have reported?
你记得我们报道过的那位作家和他的书吗？
特殊情况 例子
先行词前有the one, the only, the last等修饰词 The only thing that I want to do now is to have a big meal.
我现在唯一想做的事就是大吃一顿。
先行词前有some, any, all, much, something, everything等不定代词 Please move out all the desks that are old.
请把所有旧桌子搬出去。
（续表）

关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which或that;
然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词 主格 宾格 所有格
人 who,that who(m),that whose
物 which,that which,that whose,of which


最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.
(主句)The woman is my mother.
(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
3.定语从句中的主谓一致。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中,“one of+复数名词” 作先行词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如：He is the man who / that lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那个男人。
He is one of the students in his class who have been to Germany.
他是班上去过德国的学生之一。
举一反三
中考真题与状语从句、宾语从句的考查不同之处
( ) 1. — Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow？
— Yes. _____ it rains heavily.
A. If B. Unless C. Until D. When
( ) 2. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing
______ he did was to look for some food.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
( ) 3. —Do you know____ ?
—8,844. 43 meters. It’s a popular place with mountain climbers.
A. how high is Qonolangma B. how long is Qonolangma
C. how high Qomolangma is D. how long Qonolangma is
举一反三
( ) 1. The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan
about the program I Am a Singer is from 21st Century
Talent Net.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
( ) 2. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing
______ he did was to look for some food.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
中考真题
A
B
( ) 3. Running man is a very relaxing TV program _____ is
hot among the young people.
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
( ) 4. Great changes have taken place in our city in the past
ten years. Everything ______ comes into sight is so
new to me.
A. that B. which C. who D. whom
B
A
( ) 5. According to a survey, people _____ are able to speak
two languages can manage two things at the same time
more easily.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
D
中考预测
( ) 6. I bought the cell phone _____ was advertised on TV.
A. what B. why C. which D. who
C
( ) 7. Peter's aunt is the woman _____ taught us English
last term.
A. where B. which C. who D. when
( ) 8. The first thing _____ I am going to do this weekend
is to play basketball.
A. which B. that C. why D. who
C
B
( ) 9. There are lots of things _____ I need to prepare
before the trip.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
( ) 10. — Have you found the information about the
famous people _____ you can use for the report？
— Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.
A. who B. what C. whom D. which
B
D

总结：
1、判断定语从句
2、考查定语从句的解题步骤
3、注意特殊关系词的情况使用