(共13张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
答案:1.in favor of 2.keep you company 3.Out of sympathy 4.left alone 5.set aside
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1.Most of the people at the meeting are (支持)my plan.?
2.I’ll let my sister pick you up at the airport and .
(陪伴你).?
3. (出于同情),he gave the homeless children
shelter for the night.?
4.A railway station is no place for a child to be .
(让……一个人待着) at night.?
5.She liked the novel so much that she (放在一边)
her homework and began to read it.?
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
Larry’s company made robots and recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot.It was going to 1. (test)out by Larry’s wife,Claire and bound 2. (win) the trust of Claire.Seeing the robot at the beginning,Claire was 3. (alarm).Because Claire lacked confidence,the robot,Tony tried to do her 4. favour.He helped her change her makeup and decorate her house.But he was not allowed 5. .
(accompany) her to the shops.With the help of the 6. (gift) robot Tony,Claire became confident and could set 7. some time to do what she liked.Eventually,Claire became such a woman as Gladys whom she 8.
(desire) to become and was envied by all her guests.At the same time,Tony was taken away to be improved because makers of the robot cannot have women falling 9. love with machines.All in all,the manger of the robot company showed his 10. (satisfy) with the experiment result.?
答案:1.be tested 2.to win 3.alarmed 4.a 5.to accompany 6.gifted 7.aside 8.had desired 9.in 10.satisfaction
单句语法填空
1.In September 1939,Britain (declare)war on Germany.?
2.As far as I know,the little girl has a strong desire .
knowledge.?
3.Marriages based on money rather than love are bound (end)
in divorce.?
4.The old lady went to the supermarket,with her daughter .
(accompany)her.?
5.The young lady dressed (elegant)when she went to work.?
答案:1.declared 2.for 3.to end 4.accompanying 5.elegantly
语境活用
答案:6.is envied 7.be caused 8.alarmed 9.around 10.awfully
6.Nowadays China is developing fast,which (envy) by other
countries.?
7.Gradual warming of the earth’s atmosphere is said to .
(cause) by the increasing carbon dioxide in the air.?
8.The escaped prisoner, (alarm),looked up and stared in the
direction where the noise came from.?
9.He turned as he heard a noise behind him.?
10.I’m (awful) sorry,but we’ve forgotten to reserve a
table for you.?
微写作
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
1.在信息时代,可能每个人都渴望有一个机器人。(desire)
2.当你受到惊吓时,它会陪伴着你直到你想一个人待着。(be alarmed)
答案:1.In the information age,it’s likely that everyone desires to have a robot.
2.It will accompany you until you want to be left alone when you are alarmed.
3.你上班时,它会在家服从你的命令,记录下给你打电话的号码,甚至会处理一
些办公事务。(deal with)
4.这样的机器人与其说是一台机器,不如说是一个朋友。(more...than)
答案:3.While you are at work,it will obey your orders at home and set down the numbers that ring you up and even deal with some office affairs.
4.Such a robot is more a friend than a machine.
5.There is no doubt that a lot of people are in favour of the research and development of robots.
5.毫无疑问,很多人都支持机器人的研发。(be in favour of)
连句成篇:
In the information age,it’s likely that everyone desires to have a robot,which will accompany you until you want to be left alone when you are alarmed.While you are at work,it will obey your orders at home and set down the numbers that ring you up and even deal with some office affairs.As you can see,such a robot is more a friend than a machine.There is no doubt that a lot of people are in favour of the research and development of robots.
写作
概要写作
阅读下面材料,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Small talk.Chitchat.These are the short conversations we have at parties,while we wait in line at the store,at family events or work.
Sometimes we make small talk with people we already know but not well.Often we have to make small talk with complete strangers.
Many people find such small talk about random topics difficult.Some people say they hate it.Others say small talk is a waste of time.They may even call it idle chitchat or idle chatter,
meaning it doesn’t do anything.They consider small talk not important.
However,small talk is important.
Small talk can open doors that may lead to larger,more meaningful conversations.When you first meet someone or talk to someone you don’t know well,it would be awkward to begin a conversation about a really deep topic such as war,politics or the meaning of life.
Small talk also gives you the chance to decide if you want to get to know that person better—or not.Let’s say you make small talk with someone at a party.But they only want to talk about cats.You may not want to build a friendship with them unless you really,really love cats.
Chitchat can also increase your feeling of understanding,or empathy,
toward people you know but not well.Chatting with a colleague about their child may help you to understand more of their life outside the office.
This could help build healthy work relationships.
Small talk could even help your larger communities—your relationships with neighbors.Exchanging a recipe with a neighbor in your apartment building may make her noises upstairs easier to live with.
In 2011,most commuters(乘车往返于两地之间的人)in the city of Chicago said they would enjoy “quiet cars” where they sat alone and did not talk to anybody.Researchers at the University of Chicago then asked some participants in a study to talk to people while commuting to work on a train.They found that those who made small talk with strangers were happier than those who sat alone.
One possible version:
Although small talk is disliked by many people,it is actually of vital importance in our daily life.(要点1)Firstly,small talk can not only lead to meaningful conversations but also help you decide whether to further your relationship.(要点2)Besides,through small talk,you can build better relationships with your colleagues and neighbors.(要点3)What’s more,researchers also find that small talk can make people happier!(要点4)
Unit 2 Robots
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2019江苏七市高三第二次调研考试)
Australian magpies can understand what other birds are saying to each other,a new study has found.
The research,published in the journal Animal Behavior,says the magpie has learned the meanings of different noisy miner calls and essentially eavesdrops (偷听) to find out which predators(食肉动物) are near.
Noisy miners—a small,native honeyeater—have different warning calls for ground-based and aerial(飞行的)predators.By playing both kinds of recording to a series of wild magpies,researchers observed the magpies raising their beaks(喙) to the sky,or dropping their heads to the ground.
Researchers attracted the magpies with cheese,then played the noisy miner calls,videotaping the results.
As a control,they also rolled a large orange ball towards the magpies to see how they ordinarily tilted(倾斜) their beaks to ground threats,and threw the ball to see how they reacted to aerial threats.
The researchers recorded an average maximum beak angle of 29 degrees for the thrown ball,and an average maximum of 9 degrees when it was rolled.
The miners’ aerial warning caused an average maximum beak angle of 31 degrees,and the ground warning caused an average maximum of 24 degrees.
One of the study’s authors,Dominique Potvin,said the magpies showed an astonishing level of insight.
Magpies and miners broadly face the same types of predators and the two frequently live in the same ecosystem.
Potvin said this had encouraged the magpies’ learned behavior.
“Magpies are generally found on the ground and noisy miners are generally found up in trees.It pays for the magpie to pay attention to somebody who has a better view of predators than they do.”
She said it was unclear whether other birds could do the same,but it was highly likely other magpies around Australia already did.
“Magpies are a pretty smart group.We’re not sure if they’re learning this from other magpies or if they’re figuring it out on their own,but the ability is there.”
As part of the experiment,researchers also played a third call:a common,non-warning call from a crimson rosella.They found the magpies did not respond.
Potvin said that we had been actively exploring animal cognition(认知) research.“It’s a good piece of the puzzle,” Potvin said.“Looking at the social relationships between species that live in communities.”
1.What have the researchers found about Australian magpies?
A.They can understand other bird calls.
B.They can communicate with noisy miners.
C.They have a special preference for cheeses.
D.They have the ability to warn the predators.
2.How did the researchers get their findings?
A.By calculating the beak angles of aerial and ground-based predators.
B.By comparing the magpie’s responses to threats with the miner’s.
C.By monitoring the magpie’s responses to the miner’s warning calls.
D.By recording the magpie’s louder scream for other birds’ attention.
3.The magpies’ cognition can help them .?
A.have a better view of the predators than the miners
B.better protect themselves from the potential threats
C.cooperate with other birds to drive away the predators
D.live in harmony with other birds in the same ecosystem
4.We can learn from the passage that .?
A.the magpies are smart learners of other birds’ behaviour
B.it’s likely that other birds have developed the same ability
C.the findings have clarified the relationships between species
D.a lot more remains to be explored about animal cognition
语篇解读:本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了关于喜鹊的最新研究发现,包括实验内容和实验的发现。
答案及剖析:
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的says the magpie has learned the meanings of different noisy miner calls and...可知,喜鹊可以理解其他鸟类的叫声。故A选项正确。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五、六、七段,研究人员通过定量研究,先研究喜鹊平时的喙是怎么倾斜的,再与掘穴鸟有叫声时候的反应进行监控、对比,获得了发现结果。故C选项正确。
3.B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第五段“Magpies are generally found on the ground...”,因为一般喜鹊会在地上,掘穴鸟在树上,掘穴鸟有更好的视线发现捕食者,喜鹊的认知能力可以帮助喜鹊提防它们的捕食者,使得喜鹊可以更好地保护自己。predator 与threat同义替换,这个对考生的词汇量还是要求非常高的。故B选项正确。
4.D 细节理解题。A选项说喜鹊在学习其他鸟类的行为上比其他鸟类更聪明,文中未提及,排除;B项说其他鸟类可能也进化出了同样的能力,文章倒数第四段说还不清楚其他鸟类怎么样,排除;C项说研究已经完全搞明白了物种间的关系,可是文章最后说的是我们正在积极探索,可知还没有完全弄明白,排除。根据最后一段的Potvin said that we had been actively exploring animal cognition(认知) research.可知关于动物认知,还有很多有待探索。故D选项正确。
B
(21世纪报第8期)
On US TV shows,you may sometimes see rubber balls on people’s desks.These balls are known as “stress relief balls”.People can squeeze them when they feel stressed out.It’s believed that by concentrating on the act of squeezing,they can let go of the negative energy in their bodies.
“We don’t all get the big,sunny corner office,the super ergonomic (人体工程学的) chair,or four weeks of vacation at work.A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day,”wrote Joseph Shrand,a professor at Harvard University,in his book Manage Your Stress.
Indeed,stress is a big problem for many people.Fortunately,we have many ways to deal with it.
In fact,the rubber stress relief balls that are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China.Back in the Han Dynasty (BC 202—AD 220),soldiers used walnuts (核桃) to get rid of stress.By squeezing them during moments of anxiety,soldiers were able to calm themselves down before going into battle.And in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368—1644),people started rotating (转动) the walnuts in their hands.Ordinary citizens—not just soldiers—developed the habit of rolling two walnuts,or balls made from iron or stone,around in their hands.This helped them relax as well.
And today,we have many gadgets (器具) and toys that are designed to reduce stress in addition to stress relief balls.One example is the popular fidget spinner (指尖陀螺),which keeps your hand busy with an easy task—spinning the gadget around. There’s also the fidget cube,which features different “gimmicks” (机关) on each side of the cube.You can click,spin,pull,push and rotate different parts of the cube.
These gadgets may look like simple toys,but perhaps we should take them more seriously than they are given credit for.“After all, the history of stress balls is a history of modern-day coping (应对),” reporter Nadia Berenstein wrote for Woolly magazine.
5.What did Shrand suggest people do to relieve stress?
A.Move to a big,sunny office.
B.Get a comfortable chair.
C.Take a long vacation.
D.Concentrate on a simple activity.
6.Where did the idea for stress relief balls originally come from?
A.Toys designed for American TV shows.
B.Walnuts used by Chinese soldiers before battle.
C.Stone balls from ancient China.
D.Gadgets invented in the Ming Dynasty.
7.The author wrote the article mainly to .?
A.introduce stress relief toys
B.prove that stress is a big problem
C.tell the history of stress relief balls
D.offer advice on dealing with stress
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些缓解压力的小设备。
答案及剖析:
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day”可知,D项符合题意。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知,这种解压橡胶球的历史可以追溯到汉朝时期,士兵常在战前用手挤压核桃以释放压力,故B项符合题意。
7.A 主旨大意题。纵观全文,本文主要介绍了一些解压神器,故A项符合题意。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019山东实验中学质量检测)
The national college entrance exam in Russia,Unified State Exam,will include Chinese as 1. elective foreign language starting from 2019.Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam 2. (follow)English,German,French and Spanish.?
The number of Chinese learners in Russia 3. (grow)quickly in the past decade,according to a survey 4. (conduct)by a linguistic research center in Russia.?
Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person,5. more and more people choosing university courses in Russia.?
The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on 6. (they)
listening,reading,and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar,vocabulary and Chinese 7. (character).Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers.?
According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International,some 100 million people,excluding native speakers,use Chinese 8. (global).?
The United Nations (UN)in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day 9. falls on April 20 each year 10. (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all official languages.?
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一,这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。
答案及剖析:
1.an 考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”,表泛指,由于elective以元音音素开头,故填an。
2.following 考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故follow作非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系,故用现在分词形式following。
3.has grown 考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past decade可知,本句需要用现在完成时;由于本句主语为number,因此谓语动词用单数形式,故填has grown。
4.conducted 考查非谓语动词。conduct与逻辑主语构成被动关系,表示该调查“被进行”,因此填过去分词形式conducted。
5.with 考查介词。这里是with的复合结构作状语,因此填介词with。
6.their 考查代词。下文的名词abilities暗示这里需要填一个形容词性物主代词,故填their。
7.characters 考查名词复数。这里表示考查汉字,应该用复数形式characters。
8.globally 这里需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词use,故填globally。
9.which/that 考查定语从句连接词。本空格前面的Chinese Language Day为先行词,后面是一个限制性定语从句,故填which/that。
10.to celebrate 考查动词不定式。此处as well as连接两个并列的成分,故填动词不定式形式to celebrate,在句中作目的状语。
PAGE
1
(共22张PPT)
Unit 2 Robots
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
desire
1. n.渴望 vt.想要
adj.渴望得到的;值得拥有的
2. n.同情(心)
3. n.喜爱 vt.喜爱
4. vt.陪伴;伴奏
n.同伴;伴侣
5. vt.宣布;声明
n.声明;宣布
6. vt.忌妒;羡慕
adj.忌妒的;羡慕的
desirable
sympathy
favour
accompany
companion
declare
declaration
envy
envious
单
词
拓
展
alarm
7. vt.使警觉 n.警报
adj.担心的;惊恐的
adj.令人惊恐的
8. n.事务;事情
9. n.满意;令人满意的事物
v.使满意;使满足
adj.满意的;满足的
adj.令人满意的
10. n.离婚vt.与……离婚
11. adj.极讨厌的;可怕的
adv.可怕地;糟透地
12. adj.较年幼的 n.年少者
alarmed
alarming
affair
satisfaction
satisfy
satisfied
satisfying
divorce
awful
awfully
junior
talent
13. n.天才;特殊能力
adj.有天赋的
14. vt.& vi.服从;顺从
15. n.评价;评定
vt.评价,评定
16.elegant adj. .
17.affection n. .
talented
obey
assessment
assess
优雅的;高雅的;讲究的
喜爱;爱;感情
1.ring 给……打电话
2.leave... 不管;别惹;让……一个人待着;和……单
独在一起
3.set 将……放在一边
4.test 考验出;检验完
5.turn 转身;翻转
6.search 寻找
7. all 总计,一共
8.be bound 一定做……
9.reach 伸手够
up
alone
aside
out
around
for
in
to
for
短
语
记
忆
1.As she turned around, Gladys Claffern.
她刚一转过身,就看见格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
2.But Tony had been so clever,he would have
to be rebuilt—you cannot .
machines.
但是,尽管托尼很聪明,他还得作一番改造——总不能让女人与机
器相爱吧。
3.Use a clear simple style you were writing to
younger students in your school.
运用简洁明了的写作风格,就好像你的读者是你们学校低年级的
学生那样。
even
stood
though
have
women
falling
in
love
with
there
as
if
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.desire n.渴望;欲望;渴求
vt.希望得到;想要
高考运用:完成句子
①We (渴望)live in peace with all the other
countries in the world.?
②Reading (满足我的愿望)to keep learning.
(2019天津,阅读理解B)?
答案:①desire to ②satisfies my desire
2.sympathy n.同情(心);慰问电;吊唁信
归纳拓展 ①feel/have sympathy for sb.同情某人
②win sympathy of...博得……的同情
③in sympathy with 同情;和……一致,赞同
④out of sympathy 出于同情
高考运用:完成句子
①We all (表示极大的同情) the
victims of the earthquake.?
②I’m sure he’ll be (赞同) your proposal.?
③Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and .
(同情).(2019浙江,阅读理解B)?
答案:①have great sympathy for ②in sympathy with ③sympathy
特别提示 sympathy作“同情”之意时,常与介词for连用;作“赞成”之意时,与介词for/with连用。
3.favour n.喜爱;恩惠
vt.喜爱;偏袒
归纳拓展 ①in favour of赞成;主张
②in one’s favour对某人有利
③ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一个忙
④do sb.a favour帮某人忙
高考运用:完成句子
①However,others are (支持) the
conclusion because it’s of great benefit to us.?
②The sunny weather is (对农民有利).?
③Could you (帮我个忙) to pick
up Sam from school today??
答案:①in favour of ②in farmers’ favour ③do me a favour
写作联想:高考运用③其他表达方式
①Could you help me to pick up Sam from school today?
②Could you lend me a hand to pick up Sam from school today?
4.accompany vt.伴随;陪同;为……伴奏;配有
归纳拓展 ①accompany sb.to...陪某人到……
②accompany sb.at/on sth.用某种乐器为……伴奏
③accompany sth. with/by sth.与……同时存在或发生
④keep sb.company 陪伴某人
高考运用:语法填空
①Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking
website (accompany)by the touching words.
(2018全国Ⅲ,完形填空)?
②The singer was accompanied the piano by her sister.?
答案:①accompanied ②at
5.declare vt.宣布;声明;表明;宣称
归纳拓展 ①declare sb./sth. (to be) 宣布某人或某事……
②declare for/against 声明支持/反对
③declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战
④declare that...宣告,宣称……
高考运用:完成句子
①All the kids (声称)they were fond of learning English.?
②It was on December 8,1941 that America .
(宣战) Japan.?
③Jane (宣布他是……) the winner of the game.?
答案:①declared ②declared war on ③declared him (to be)
词语辨析:
They announced their wedding in the paper.
他们在报纸上宣布了婚礼。
The court declared that Brown’s case should be reviewed.
法庭宣布要对布朗的案子进行复查。
declare 指在庄严场合,官方权威人士公开郑重宣布,有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。
announce 指对公众或特定人群进行宣布,常指大家感兴趣的事,如国家大事和商品信息等。
6.leave...alone不管;别惹;让……一个人待着;和……单独在一起
归纳拓展 ①leave aside 把某事搁置一边
②leave behind 遗留,留下
③leave for...动身到……
④leave out 省略;遗漏
⑤leave sth. with sb.把……托付给某人
答案:①left alone ②leaving aside ③leave behind ④left out
高考运用:完成句子
①At first,I just wanted to get my degree and be .
(一个人待着).?
②What’s your opinion, (搁置) the question of
expense??
③By opening a novel,I can (放下)my burdens and
enter into a wonderful and mysterious world.(2019天津,阅读理解B)?
④No wonder you couldn’t get through.You’ve (遗
漏) a zero in this telephone number.?
