中考语法--非限制性定语从句课件（共21页PPT）

(共21张PPT)


Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句


contents
1. 限制性定从与非限制性定从的区别
1). 意思
2). 引导词
3). 关系代词的省略
4). 先行词
5). 不定代词/数词+of which/whom 结构
2. 限制性定从和非限制性定从小结
3. 练习
请把我桌子上的书递给我。
Translate:
Please pass me the book which/that is on my desk.
Please pass me my Chinese book, which is on my desk.
请把我的语文书递给我，它在我桌子上。
非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，去掉之后，意思明确，与主句通常用 “，”隔开，把非限制性定语从句放在句子中，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉之后，主句意思不明确。
先行词不唯一，缩小范围，限定。
先行词唯一，没必要限定，为附加说明。
1. 限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分
I love my girlfriend, who is beautiful.
I love my girlfriend who is beautiful.
I love China, which is a great country.
I love China which is a great country.
Which one is reasonable(合理的)?
1). 意思不同
限制性定从
关代: that, which, who, whom, as
关副: when, where, why
=介词+which
关形: whose
= of which, of whom
2). 引导词不同
___________________________
非限制性定从
关代: that, which, who, whom, as
关副: when, where, why
=介词+which
关形: whose
= of which, of whom


for which
The car, which I bought last year, does not work.
The car, I bought last year, does not work.
The car I bought last year does not work.
The car which/that I bought last year does not work.
3). 先行词的省略不同
限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，可省略。
非限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，也不可省略。
True or False?

√
√
√
Huang Chudong won the first prize in pull-up competition, which surprised us.
The People's Republic of China has existed(存在) for 70 years, as we all know.
4). 先行词不同
非限制性定从的先行词可以为整个句子。
限制性定从的先行词不可为整个句子。
As we all know, the People's Republic of China has existed(存在) for 70 years.
Think:
1. 为什么只能用as或which引导？
2. 为什么限制性定从的先行词不能为一个句子？
2. as或which指代句子时用法有无差别？
非限制性定从的先行词为主句时, 只可用as 或which引导定从。
as
位置：可置于主句前、中、后。
先行词：通常为整个主句
含义：“正如，如同”
___________________________
which
位置：置于主句之后
先行词：可以是主句中的一个词、主句的部分内容、甚至整个主句
含义：“这，那（件事）”
as和which引导非限制性定从的区别：
1.________ we all know, the earth is round.
2. Tom won the competition, ______ we had expected.

3. Global warming, _____we all know, has caused a lot of natural disasters.
as
_____________
___________________
________
___________
__________________
4. These apple trees, _____ I planted three years ago, have not produced any fruits.

5. The lazy boy got the highest score in the test, ______ surprised me.
6. John passed the exam, _____ made his parents very pleased.
7. He said that he had never seen her before, ____is not true.
which
________
________________________________
________________
______________________________
The students in our class, many of whom are not bad at Maths, want to improve their Maths.
China has 34 provinces, some of which are pretty poor.
5). all/some/many.../数词等+of which/whom
为非限制性定从，限制性定从没有这种结构
aaa
aaa
区分点 限制性定从 非限制性定从
限制程度
句子结构（区分标志）
that的使用
which/who/whom在定从中作宾语可否省略
whom在从句中作宾语可否用that/who代替
能否修饰句子
2. 限制性定从和非限制性定从
去掉意思不明确
不可省略
as, which引导
无逗号
不可使用
去掉意思不明确
可使用
有逗号
不可替代
可以省略
可替代
不能
1. Leiyang No.1 High School __________was founded in 1902, has a history of 117 years.
Exercises: Fill the blanks.
, which
which
/that
3. Leiyang No.1 High School ________ I studied for 6 years, has a history of 117 years.
2. The school __________ was founded in 1902 has a history of 117 years.
, where
4. The school _________ I studied for 6 years has a history of 117 years.
where
1. I like girls ___________has black and long hair.
Exercises:Fill the blanks.
who/that
3. I like the girl under the tree _______ has black and long hair.
2. I like girls __________hair is black and long.
whose
4. I like the girl under the tree ________ hair is black and long.
,whose
, who
1. 2019_________we took the entrance exam to high school, is an unforgettable year for me.
Exercises: Fill the blanks.
,when
3. 2019_________ is my lucky year, is an unforgettable year for me.
2. The year _______ we took the entrance exam to high school is an unforgettable year for me.
when
4. The year __________ is my lucky year is an unforgettable year for me.
which/that
,which
1. Do you know Tom, who we talked about?
True or false.
whom
3. Tsinghua Universting which is the top university in China attracts a large number of students.
2. This book, that you can get at any shop, will give you useful information.
which
4. The Shenlong Square, plenty of Leiyang local aunties visited, was founded in memory of Shennong.
,which
,
which
5. Which we had expected, he did not believe us.
True or false.
As
7. He met President Xi, who is the leader of China.
6. He met President Xi, who surprised us.
which
8. Leiyang No.1 High School, in that I will spend my high school life, lies in Leiyang River.
in which
/where
____
Homework
Finish the exercises on
Page48-49 and Page 104.
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