2020高考英语新题型—读后续写和概要写作课件66(共20张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2020高考英语新题型—读后续写和概要写作课件66(共20张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | |||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-05-22 17:13:44 | ||
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文档简介
(共20张PPT)
概要写作
文本内容与结构解读
写作思路解读
写作思路微技能之策略
表达微技能之同义/近义词（组）替换篇
牛刀小试
参考范文欣赏
体裁：
主题：
结构：
1.文本内容与结构解读
体裁：说明文
主题： The relation between willpower and break
结构：
Para 1
Para 3&4&5
Para 2
Para 6
1.文本内容与结构解读
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
According to most people, after a long period of studying or working, we need to have a rest to refresh ourselves. However, that may not be the case. According to a recent report, you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpoweris?a?limited?resource,?which?is?why?
you?feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and then get back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying they found that people’s beliefs in willpower determines how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. “If you think of weak willpower is all in your head. Willpower is something that is not really used up, you can go on and on.” said Prof. Veronica?Job.
The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed, or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resources, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percentage more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation(诱惑).
Mr.?Job?said.?“The?theory?that?willpower?is?a?limited?resource?is?interesting. Belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
The?findings?could?help?people?who?are?battling?temptation.?Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
②
④
③
①
⑤
旧理论
新的理论
实验论证
科学家言论
对比引出话题
⑥
指导意义
写作思路解读
Para. 1 According to most people, after a long period of studying or working, we need to have a rest to refresh ourselves. However, that may not be the case. According to a recent report, you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
主题句
写作思路解读
Para. 2: Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource,?which?is?why?you?feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and then get back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
关键词
Willpower is considered limited and can only be restored by rest, food, and entertainment.
Para. 3: But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people’s beliefs in willpower determines how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. “If you think of willpower is something that is not really used up, you can go on and on.” said Prof. Veronica?Job.
2.写作思路解读
主题句
Willpower is determined by people’s belief in it.
写作思路解读
Para 4:The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed, or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resources, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percentage more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation(诱惑).
对于实验的处理，只要求看
实验结果或者结论
① People who believe willpower is not limited perform better. ② They have more power to resist temptation.
写作思路解读
Para 5：
Mr.?Job?said.?“The?theory?that?willpower?is?a?limited?resource?is?interesting. Belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
引用的言论，属于补充性的
信息，可以忽略
写作思路解读
Para 6. The?findings?could?help?people?who?are?battling?temptation.Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
我们不难发现这就是上个实验中提到的 resist temptation和 people who believe in willpower，所以把内在逻辑稍稍理一下，可以发现4、5、6三段的关系应该是：科学家提出观点并实验验证了。因此认为毅力是无限的想法有助于提高人们解决困难和抵制诱惑的能力。
科学家一直认为意志力是有限的资源，需要通过食物、休息、和休闲来恢复。
Para.2:(要点2)
心理学家认为意志力是由信念决定的，并做了几组实验证明了。
Para.3&4&5:(要点3)
认为意志力是无限的想法将有助于提高人们解决困难和抵制诱惑的能力。
Para.6:(要点4)
根据最新的一份报告，休息也许并不想我们想的那么必要。
Para.1:(要点1)
要点
根据以上文字，我们就可以写出这么一段概要:
According to a recent report, having a rest after heavy work may not be so necessary as we believe. Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource, which can only be restored by food, rest and entertainment. Psychologists find that willpower is up to people’s own belief in it and prove it by some experiments. The idea that willpower is endless helps people to better solve tough problems and resist temptation.
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接技巧
1
2
3
4
常见衔接词（连词和非谓语动词）
附加
in addition;
as well as; besides; furthermore;
also;
moreover;
not only…but
顺序
first(ly); second(ly);
third(ly);
initially; afterwards; earlier; later
转折
however;
on the other hand; despite/in spite of; though/although; but; on the contrary; otherwise; yet; instead of;
rather than; whereas; nevertheless;
even though; compared with;
in contrast/ in sharp contrast; unlikely; while; conversely; different from
肯定
obviously; certainly; plainly; of course; undoubtedly; apparently
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
Tom was criticized by his teacher. Tom decided to work hard. (将两个句子合并成一个句子)
→Criticized by his teacher, Tom decided to work hard.
当相邻的两个句子主语一致时可以考虑，用非谓语动词的结构，在意思不变的基础上表达更加简洁。
非谓语动词
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
常见的有非谓语动词做状语和非谓语动词做定语。我们可以来看几个课本上的例子：
“Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.”
Module 1 Unit 3 Travel Journal
“It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels.”
Module 2 Unit 1 In Search of Amber Room
“Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.”
Module 4 Unit 1 Women of Achievement
“Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southeast Agricultural College in 1953.”
“Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.”
Module 4 Unit 2 Working the Land
非谓语动词
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
According to a recent report, having a rest after heavy work may not be so necessary as we believe. Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource, which can only be restored by food, rest and entertainment. Psychologists find that willpower is up to people’s own belief in it and prove it by some experiments. The idea that willpower is endless helps people to better solve tough problems and resist temptation.
基于上面的概括，写好要点之后，我们会发现这段文字只是句子的简单的堆砌，行文僵硬。《考试说明》提供的“各档次的给分范围和要求”中，从最高档的“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑”，到最低档的“缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯”，每一个分数档的第三条都对衔接提出了具体的要求。因此写概要的时候除了找主题句，关键词，还要关注要点之间的逻辑关系，以便我们在语言重组的时候适当的加入连词，使行文更加的流畅。
一、运用以上要点概括策略，概括一下段落的要点。
1. Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent. A new study suggests that a couple of days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock(生物钟) and help you get more sleep.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
According to a new study, outdoor camping can reset your circadian clock and improving sleeping.
2. The circadian clock, more commonly known as the body clock, is an internal system that tells our bodies when it’s time to go to sleep and when it’s time to wake up. Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin(褪黑激素) circulating in a person’s blood at any given time. In a healthy sleeper, melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime, stay high through the night, and then settle back down when it’s time to wake up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Regulated by melatonin, the circadian clock, an internal system, informs us of the sleeping time.
3. Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature. His team recruited（招募）14 physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s. Nine went on a weekend camping trip, while the other five stayed home. At the end of the weekend, the researchers reported that in just two days, the campers' body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast, the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend. “This tells us we can reset our clocks fast.” Wright said．
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. A few months ago nobody knew for sure what would happen inside Windsor Place, a nursing home, when it became home to a class of kindergartners. Never before had a Kansas school or nursing home tried this — mixing the old and young in a way for each to learn from the other.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
Wright’s experiment proved that our clocks can be reset.
The kids not only learned knowledge but also sympathy, kindness and patience.
5. The kids have learned sympathy, kindness and how to be patient as they wait behind someone in a wheelchair or using a walker. At home they talk about how the very young and old are alike and how Grandma or Grandpa lived when they were young. They’ve also become strong readers, progressing from the everyday praise and guidance of the seniors.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Those who live at Windsor Place say they are the ones who have been given the gift. Marian Nelson has no grandchildren of her own. “These kids have filled a void(空虚感) in me,” the 87-year-old said.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
The kids not only learned knowledge but also sympathy, kindness and patience.
The old recovered from void./The old live a fulfilling life.
参考范文欣赏1
Based on a recent report, having a rest to refresh yourself is not so essential as some people think.(要点1) Will-power, assumed to be a limited resource by some scientists, were thought to be only regained by rest, food as well as entertainment.(要点2) However, this theory has been challenged. Researchers, including Jobs, conducted experiments and made some new discoveries. (要点3) If you believe that willpower is limitless, you will be more powerful, which is a potential help to resist temptation.(要点4)
概要写作
文本内容与结构解读
写作思路解读
写作思路微技能之策略
表达微技能之同义/近义词（组）替换篇
牛刀小试
参考范文欣赏
体裁：
主题：
结构：
1.文本内容与结构解读
体裁：说明文
主题： The relation between willpower and break
结构：
Para 1
Para 3&4&5
Para 2
Para 6
1.文本内容与结构解读
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
According to most people, after a long period of studying or working, we need to have a rest to refresh ourselves. However, that may not be the case. According to a recent report, you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpoweris?a?limited?resource,?which?is?why?
you?feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and then get back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying they found that people’s beliefs in willpower determines how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. “If you think of weak willpower is all in your head. Willpower is something that is not really used up, you can go on and on.” said Prof. Veronica?Job.
The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed, or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resources, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percentage more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation(诱惑).
Mr.?Job?said.?“The?theory?that?willpower?is?a?limited?resource?is?interesting. Belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
The?findings?could?help?people?who?are?battling?temptation.?Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
②
④
③
①
⑤
旧理论
新的理论
实验论证
科学家言论
对比引出话题
⑥
指导意义
写作思路解读
Para. 1 According to most people, after a long period of studying or working, we need to have a rest to refresh ourselves. However, that may not be the case. According to a recent report, you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
主题句
写作思路解读
Para. 2: Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource,?which?is?why?you?feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and then get back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
关键词
Willpower is considered limited and can only be restored by rest, food, and entertainment.
Para. 3: But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people’s beliefs in willpower determines how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. “If you think of willpower is something that is not really used up, you can go on and on.” said Prof. Veronica?Job.
2.写作思路解读
主题句
Willpower is determined by people’s belief in it.
写作思路解读
Para 4:The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed, or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resources, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percentage more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation(诱惑).
对于实验的处理，只要求看
实验结果或者结论
① People who believe willpower is not limited perform better. ② They have more power to resist temptation.
写作思路解读
Para 5：
Mr.?Job?said.?“The?theory?that?willpower?is?a?limited?resource?is?interesting. Belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
引用的言论，属于补充性的
信息，可以忽略
写作思路解读
Para 6. The?findings?could?help?people?who?are?battling?temptation.Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
我们不难发现这就是上个实验中提到的 resist temptation和 people who believe in willpower，所以把内在逻辑稍稍理一下，可以发现4、5、6三段的关系应该是：科学家提出观点并实验验证了。因此认为毅力是无限的想法有助于提高人们解决困难和抵制诱惑的能力。
科学家一直认为意志力是有限的资源，需要通过食物、休息、和休闲来恢复。
Para.2:(要点2)
心理学家认为意志力是由信念决定的，并做了几组实验证明了。
Para.3&4&5:(要点3)
认为意志力是无限的想法将有助于提高人们解决困难和抵制诱惑的能力。
Para.6:(要点4)
根据最新的一份报告，休息也许并不想我们想的那么必要。
Para.1:(要点1)
要点
根据以上文字，我们就可以写出这么一段概要:
According to a recent report, having a rest after heavy work may not be so necessary as we believe. Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource, which can only be restored by food, rest and entertainment. Psychologists find that willpower is up to people’s own belief in it and prove it by some experiments. The idea that willpower is endless helps people to better solve tough problems and resist temptation.
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接技巧
1
2
3
4
常见衔接词（连词和非谓语动词）
附加
in addition;
as well as; besides; furthermore;
also;
moreover;
not only…but
顺序
first(ly); second(ly);
third(ly);
initially; afterwards; earlier; later
转折
however;
on the other hand; despite/in spite of; though/although; but; on the contrary; otherwise; yet; instead of;
rather than; whereas; nevertheless;
even though; compared with;
in contrast/ in sharp contrast; unlikely; while; conversely; different from
肯定
obviously; certainly; plainly; of course; undoubtedly; apparently
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
Tom was criticized by his teacher. Tom decided to work hard. (将两个句子合并成一个句子)
→Criticized by his teacher, Tom decided to work hard.
当相邻的两个句子主语一致时可以考虑，用非谓语动词的结构，在意思不变的基础上表达更加简洁。
非谓语动词
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
常见的有非谓语动词做状语和非谓语动词做定语。我们可以来看几个课本上的例子：
“Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.”
Module 1 Unit 3 Travel Journal
“It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels.”
Module 2 Unit 1 In Search of Amber Room
“Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.”
Module 4 Unit 1 Women of Achievement
“Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southeast Agricultural College in 1953.”
“Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.”
Module 4 Unit 2 Working the Land
非谓语动词
3.写作思路微技能之要点衔接整合技巧
According to a recent report, having a rest after heavy work may not be so necessary as we believe. Scientists?have?long?assumed?that?willpower is?a?limited?resource, which can only be restored by food, rest and entertainment. Psychologists find that willpower is up to people’s own belief in it and prove it by some experiments. The idea that willpower is endless helps people to better solve tough problems and resist temptation.
基于上面的概括，写好要点之后，我们会发现这段文字只是句子的简单的堆砌，行文僵硬。《考试说明》提供的“各档次的给分范围和要求”中，从最高档的“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑”，到最低档的“缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯”，每一个分数档的第三条都对衔接提出了具体的要求。因此写概要的时候除了找主题句，关键词，还要关注要点之间的逻辑关系，以便我们在语言重组的时候适当的加入连词，使行文更加的流畅。
一、运用以上要点概括策略，概括一下段落的要点。
1. Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent. A new study suggests that a couple of days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock(生物钟) and help you get more sleep.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
According to a new study, outdoor camping can reset your circadian clock and improving sleeping.
2. The circadian clock, more commonly known as the body clock, is an internal system that tells our bodies when it’s time to go to sleep and when it’s time to wake up. Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin(褪黑激素) circulating in a person’s blood at any given time. In a healthy sleeper, melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime, stay high through the night, and then settle back down when it’s time to wake up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Regulated by melatonin, the circadian clock, an internal system, informs us of the sleeping time.
3. Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature. His team recruited（招募）14 physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s. Nine went on a weekend camping trip, while the other five stayed home. At the end of the weekend, the researchers reported that in just two days, the campers' body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast, the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend. “This tells us we can reset our clocks fast.” Wright said．
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. A few months ago nobody knew for sure what would happen inside Windsor Place, a nursing home, when it became home to a class of kindergartners. Never before had a Kansas school or nursing home tried this — mixing the old and young in a way for each to learn from the other.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
Wright’s experiment proved that our clocks can be reset.
The kids not only learned knowledge but also sympathy, kindness and patience.
5. The kids have learned sympathy, kindness and how to be patient as they wait behind someone in a wheelchair or using a walker. At home they talk about how the very young and old are alike and how Grandma or Grandpa lived when they were young. They’ve also become strong readers, progressing from the everyday praise and guidance of the seniors.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Those who live at Windsor Place say they are the ones who have been given the gift. Marian Nelson has no grandchildren of her own. “These kids have filled a void(空虚感) in me,” the 87-year-old said.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.牛刀小试
The kids not only learned knowledge but also sympathy, kindness and patience.
The old recovered from void./The old live a fulfilling life.
参考范文欣赏1
Based on a recent report, having a rest to refresh yourself is not so essential as some people think.(要点1) Will-power, assumed to be a limited resource by some scientists, were thought to be only regained by rest, food as well as entertainment.(要点2) However, this theory has been challenged. Researchers, including Jobs, conducted experiments and made some new discoveries. (要点3) If you believe that willpower is limitless, you will be more powerful, which is a potential help to resist temptation.(要点4)