高中英语写作 之 概要写作 （共23张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高中英语写作 之 概要写作 （共23张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-07-07 18:48:27 | ||
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文档简介
(共23张PPT)
概要写作
Summary writing
概要写作评分标准第五档（21–25points）：
1.理解准确，涵盖所有要点 (40--60--80W) —2p
2.准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇
3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使概要结构紧凑
4.完全使用自己的语言. (不能有自己的任何观点).
1. 原文材料350词以内，说明文，议论文为主。
(中心把握)
2.概要就是段落大意，每段一句话概括，或者两段一句话，最多两句话
(注意概要篇幅比例要和原文保持协调)
3.主旨大意和各段段意的总结归纳能力；
如何用较好的英语结构来表达。
总--分，总--分--总，分--总，对比（两种观点）
首段，首句，尾句
如何理解篇幅比例与原文一致？
Rats eat our food or make it so dirty that it isn't fit for people at all. That's why people often kill them by laying down poison. After a day or two, they find the poison still there. The rats haven't touched it, even though it is near the food which they eat. People think they must be clever and cunning. Some scientists have been trying to find the best way to poison rats. They have watched to see just what a rat does day and night. They have found out that rats aren't so clever. They are just very shy.
Rats usually live in holes. They run from these holes to the places where they eat and drink. They have special paths on which they travel each time. So they know their paths quite well.
段落较长的话，supporting details肯定多，所以要点句子会较长，可以用复合句来表述；
段落较短，要点句子肯定会短，所以，不能用长的复合句来扩写。
概要写作难点 1
How to get the key points quickly and correctly?
(如何快速、准确地捕捉要点)
抓住主题句或关键信息，忽略次要信息
删除次要内容，保留主要内容
---文中的描述性语言，细节，列举的示例--删掉
主题句相关的词句--标注
归纳要点（段首句，尾句）
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. If you bought a car or a stove, it was a once-in-a-lifetime investment. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
概要写作难点 2
同，近义词(词组，词性)替换
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever.
___________________,industrial goods
were made _____________________.
Long long ago; In the past; Decades ago
to be used for a long time
to function well for a long time;
durable
You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
spent much money on
use it carefully
treat it kindly
treasure
Decades ago, industrial goods were made to be used for a long time. You spent much money on it and treasured it.
添加连接词
Therefore,
consequently
改变主语：主，被动语态的转变，
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
Decades ago, people always made industrial goods used for a long time. Therefore, it was treasured if (it was) spent so much.
改变句式: (高级别--总结归纳要点能力--反向表达，压缩合并长句，整合简单句，特殊句式...
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
People often experience stress because of a lack of time management skills. They can lessen their stress by using smart time management techniques to help them get their work and other responsibilities completed in a more timely fashion(及时地). The better one manages his or her time, the less stress he or she should have.
Time management skills/ways/methods /strategies can reduce/decrease/cut down the stress of people to help them finish work in time.
If people want to reduce their stress, they can use time management strategies effectively.
People can use time management skills to reduce the stress of them.
If a person has a great number of responsibilities, whether at work , at home or both, then it would likely benefit that person to keep track of those responsibilities. A notebook or computer file full of daily to-do lists can help a person see what must be done each day. Calendars are also a helpful tool for keeping up with important dates, tasks and meetings. People can use daily schedules in addition to weekly and monthly calendars to help them plan out their tasks and make optimum(最佳的) use of their time. Being able to look at their schedule a week or month at a time can help them realise when they should begin working on projects and when they should have them completed.
People can use a notebook,computer file or calenders to write down/record their daily tasks to help them to carry out the tasks or make the best of the time.
合并或递进关系整合---not only... but also...
both...and... (besides, furthermore, moreover...)
Recording their tasks in a notebook,computer or calendars helps them not only to carry out the tasks but also to make the best of the time.
Besides being overwhelmed(压制) by all that they have to do, people are often overwhelmed when they have to begin a new project,especially a large one. Instead of thinking of the project as one large task, it can be helpful to break it down into various steps that must be completed along the way and to put tentative(暂定) due dates for each step. In this way, time management and stress are connected because people who break big projects into small pieces are less likely to feel stressed about the whole project and more likely to be successful at completing it.
They can divided/cut large projects into small ones (that can be) completed one by one to reduce stress.
变成被动---句式变换
Dividing large projects into pieces, people can complete small ones one by one to reduce stress.
非谓语--ing或--ed和定语从句的替换
Some people find that knowing what time of day they get the work done best and making the wisest of their time can help them to be more productive.
Other people succeed in getting more accomplished once they have made their work environment as conducive (有益的) as possible to help them concentrate.
A certain time can make them work more effectively and they focus better by improving their work surroundings.
People can use time management skills to reduce the stress of them. Recording their tasks in a notebook,computer or calendars helps them not only to carry out the tasks but also to make the best of the time.They can divided/cut large projects into small ones (that can be) completed one by one to reduce stress. A certain time can make them work more effectively and they focus better by improving their work surroundings. (73w)
Firstly
Besides,
Furthermore
注意：
1.首段首句: 语言简洁，开门见山，直奔主题。
2.不要用复杂的复合句，
必须时可用非谓语--ing，---ed代替
3.概要篇幅比例要和原文一致
4.链接词要简短为主
5.不能用1,2,3,4，来表达
概要写作
Summary writing
概要写作评分标准第五档（21–25points）：
1.理解准确，涵盖所有要点 (40--60--80W) —2p
2.准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇
3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使概要结构紧凑
4.完全使用自己的语言. (不能有自己的任何观点).
1. 原文材料350词以内，说明文，议论文为主。
(中心把握)
2.概要就是段落大意，每段一句话概括，或者两段一句话，最多两句话
(注意概要篇幅比例要和原文保持协调)
3.主旨大意和各段段意的总结归纳能力；
如何用较好的英语结构来表达。
总--分，总--分--总，分--总，对比（两种观点）
首段，首句，尾句
如何理解篇幅比例与原文一致？
Rats eat our food or make it so dirty that it isn't fit for people at all. That's why people often kill them by laying down poison. After a day or two, they find the poison still there. The rats haven't touched it, even though it is near the food which they eat. People think they must be clever and cunning. Some scientists have been trying to find the best way to poison rats. They have watched to see just what a rat does day and night. They have found out that rats aren't so clever. They are just very shy.
Rats usually live in holes. They run from these holes to the places where they eat and drink. They have special paths on which they travel each time. So they know their paths quite well.
段落较长的话，supporting details肯定多，所以要点句子会较长，可以用复合句来表述；
段落较短，要点句子肯定会短，所以，不能用长的复合句来扩写。
概要写作难点 1
How to get the key points quickly and correctly?
(如何快速、准确地捕捉要点)
抓住主题句或关键信息，忽略次要信息
删除次要内容，保留主要内容
---文中的描述性语言，细节，列举的示例--删掉
主题句相关的词句--标注
归纳要点（段首句，尾句）
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. If you bought a car or a stove, it was a once-in-a-lifetime investment. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
概要写作难点 2
同，近义词(词组，词性)替换
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever.
___________________,industrial goods
were made _____________________.
Long long ago; In the past; Decades ago
to be used for a long time
to function well for a long time;
durable
You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
spent much money on
use it carefully
treat it kindly
treasure
Decades ago, industrial goods were made to be used for a long time. You spent much money on it and treasured it.
添加连接词
Therefore,
consequently
改变主语：主，被动语态的转变，
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
Decades ago, people always made industrial goods used for a long time. Therefore, it was treasured if (it was) spent so much.
改变句式: (高级别--总结归纳要点能力--反向表达，压缩合并长句，整合简单句，特殊句式...
Once upon a time, industrial goods were made to last forever. You paid good money for it, and you took care of it.
People often experience stress because of a lack of time management skills. They can lessen their stress by using smart time management techniques to help them get their work and other responsibilities completed in a more timely fashion(及时地). The better one manages his or her time, the less stress he or she should have.
Time management skills/ways/methods /strategies can reduce/decrease/cut down the stress of people to help them finish work in time.
If people want to reduce their stress, they can use time management strategies effectively.
People can use time management skills to reduce the stress of them.
If a person has a great number of responsibilities, whether at work , at home or both, then it would likely benefit that person to keep track of those responsibilities. A notebook or computer file full of daily to-do lists can help a person see what must be done each day. Calendars are also a helpful tool for keeping up with important dates, tasks and meetings. People can use daily schedules in addition to weekly and monthly calendars to help them plan out their tasks and make optimum(最佳的) use of their time. Being able to look at their schedule a week or month at a time can help them realise when they should begin working on projects and when they should have them completed.
People can use a notebook,computer file or calenders to write down/record their daily tasks to help them to carry out the tasks or make the best of the time.
合并或递进关系整合---not only... but also...
both...and... (besides, furthermore, moreover...)
Recording their tasks in a notebook,computer or calendars helps them not only to carry out the tasks but also to make the best of the time.
Besides being overwhelmed(压制) by all that they have to do, people are often overwhelmed when they have to begin a new project,especially a large one. Instead of thinking of the project as one large task, it can be helpful to break it down into various steps that must be completed along the way and to put tentative(暂定) due dates for each step. In this way, time management and stress are connected because people who break big projects into small pieces are less likely to feel stressed about the whole project and more likely to be successful at completing it.
They can divided/cut large projects into small ones (that can be) completed one by one to reduce stress.
变成被动---句式变换
Dividing large projects into pieces, people can complete small ones one by one to reduce stress.
非谓语--ing或--ed和定语从句的替换
Some people find that knowing what time of day they get the work done best and making the wisest of their time can help them to be more productive.
Other people succeed in getting more accomplished once they have made their work environment as conducive (有益的) as possible to help them concentrate.
A certain time can make them work more effectively and they focus better by improving their work surroundings.
People can use time management skills to reduce the stress of them. Recording their tasks in a notebook,computer or calendars helps them not only to carry out the tasks but also to make the best of the time.They can divided/cut large projects into small ones (that can be) completed one by one to reduce stress. A certain time can make them work more effectively and they focus better by improving their work surroundings. (73w)
Firstly
Besides,
Furthermore
注意：
1.首段首句: 语言简洁，开门见山，直奔主题。
2.不要用复杂的复合句，
必须时可用非谓语--ing，---ed代替
3.概要篇幅比例要和原文一致
4.链接词要简短为主
5.不能用1,2,3,4，来表达