中考专区二轮专题---形容词和副词讲解与练习课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
中考复习专题
形容词和副词
考
情
趋
势
核心考点
考查能力
考查频率
形容词的用法
考查形容词在具体语境中的运用
副词的用法
考查副词的构成、用法及词义
比较级和最高级的变化
考查比较级和最高级的变化规律
同级比较的用法和句式
考查as…as...的搭配及否定结构
比较级的句式和用法
考查含比较级的常考句式：
“the+比较级，the+比较级”等。
最高级的句式和用法
考查含最高级的常考句式
备战2020年中考，应及时归纳一些常考的形容词和副词的用法，并熟练掌握比较级和最高级的常用句式。
知识考点清单
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点四
考点五
考点六
形容词的用法
副词的用法
比较级和
最高级的变化
同级比较的用法和句式
比较级的句式和用法
七个常用句式
最高级的句式和用法
四个常用句式
概念
常考的形容词
用法
即在句中做的成分
概念
副词在句子中的位置
用法
即在句中做的成分
规则变化
不规则变化
肯定式
否定式
as…as…
形容词在句子中的位置
考点一
形容词的用法
1.
概念：
2.
常考的形容词：
形容词用来描述和修饰名词或代词。
中考中通常会考査形容词的词义理解。常考的形容词有
interesting,
interested,
sad,
happy,
proud,
worried,
busy,
easy,
difficult等。
形容词的用法
作定语
作表语
作宾语补足语
位于名词之前
位于复合不定代词之后
位于系动词(如be和感官动
词look
,
sound等)之后
位于宾语之后
常和make，keep等词搭配
3.
形容词有如下用法:
The
beautiful
girl
is
my
sister,
Linda.
那个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹，琳达。
I?have?something
important?to?tell
you.
我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
He?looks?very?happy.
他看起来很开心。
You?must?keep?your?eyes?close.
你必须闭上眼睛。
4.
形容词在句子中的位置
形容词用作定语时，通常被放置在所修饰的名词前。但在以下几种情况下，形容词要后置：
1.
修饰由some-,
any-,
every-,
no-等构成的不定代词时，放在这些词之后。
I
have
something
important
to
tell
you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
2.形容词词组修饰名词时，形容词通常放置在被修饰的名词后。
It
is
a
meeting
very
important
for
every
one.
对每一个人来说，这个会议都很重要。
3.else修饰不定代词或者是疑问代词时，else要后置。
Nobody
else
followed
him.
没有其他什么人跟着他。
4.部分以a-开头的表语形容词(如
alive,
asleep,?afraid,
awake等)作定语时，形容词通常放置在被修饰的名词后。
He
was
the
only
person
awake
at
that
moment.他是当时唯一醒着的人。
5.多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的排列顺序。
当多个形容词修饰同一个名词时，通常按以下的排列顺序:限定词→描述性形容词大小→形状?新旧→颜色→国籍→原料→类别→中心名词。如:
A
student
stood
by
a
small
round
new
wooden
table.
一名学生站在一张新的木制小圆桌旁边。
【拓展】
2.以ing结尾的形容词表示“令人……的”，用来修饰事或物;以-ed结尾的形容词表示“(人)感到……，用来修饰人。常见的有：
--ing
结尾的形容词
interesting,
surprising,
boring,
exciting,
moving,
disappointing,
--ed结尾的形容词
interested,
surprised,
bored，excited,
moved.
disappointed.
1.有些词以-ly结尾,
但并不是副词,
而是形容词,
如lovely可爱的;?
friendly友好的。如:
You?look?lovely?in?that?dress.
你穿那件连衣裙看起来真可爱。
They?are?friendly?to?me.
他们对我很友好。
1.
（2017
上海中考）
The
little
dancer
from
Australia
looks
__________
in
the
long
skirt.
A.
gently
B.
happily
C.
beautifully
D.
lovely
2.
（2018
山东日照）
--
What
do
you
think
of
the
TV
show
Running
Man?
--
Well,
I
can’t
stand
it,
but
may
son
thinks
it
__________.
A.
boring
B.
interesting
C.
bored
D.
interested
3.
（2019
山东滨州）
The
artist
is
so
__________
that
he
can
make
different
pictures
with
sand.
A.
common
B.
careless
C.
creative
D.
helpful
4.
（2019
四川南充）
The
little
boy
is
always
making
his
bedroom
clean
and_____(整齐).
tidy
考点二
副词的用法
1.
概念：
2.副词在句子中的位置：
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
副词用来表达时间、地点、方式、程度、频度等概念。
副词
的用法
作状语
作表语
作宾语
补足语
3.
副词的分类及用法:
David
can
speak
Chinese
very
well.
戴维汉语说的很好。
The
man
is
walking
along
the
street
slowly.
那个男人正沿着街道慢慢地走。
They
will
be
back
soon.
他们很快就会回来。
Open
the
door
and
let
the
dog
out.
打开门，让狗出去。
I
called
you
yesterday.
我昨天给你打电话了。
时间副词
now,
today,
yesterday,
tomorrow,
soon…
地点副词
here,
there,
home,
up
stairs,
abroad…
频度副词
always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
hardly,
seldom…
方式副词
loudly,
slowly,
sadly,
carefully…
程度副词
enough,
rather,
very,
so,
too...
2.
副词在句子中的位置
（副词修饰动词时有三种位置）
①地点副词、时间副词和方式副词在句子中通常放在句末。
Please?put?your?luggage?here.
请把你的行李放在这里。
He?went?to?Beijing?yesterday.
他昨天去的北京。
She?writes?her?homework?carefully.她写作业很认真。
②频度副词
always>usually>often>sometimes>hardly
ever>never
，通常放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后、实义动词之前。但为表示强调意义时，将这类副词放在句首。
I?am?never?late?for?class.我上课从来不迟到。
He?could?still?remember?the?books?he?read?when?he?was?ten.他仍然能记得十岁时读过的书。
You?always?tell?me?what?to?do?and?what?not?to?do.你总是告诉我什么能做，什么不能做。
Usually,?I?go?out?to?have?a?walk?after?supper.
通常，我晚饭后出去散步。
③副词修饰形容词和副词时，通常放置在被修饰词的前面，但?enough除外
When?I?learned?the?news，?I?felt?very?excited.我得知这个消息后，非常兴奋。
She?is?old?enough?to?join?the?army.
她到了参军的年龄。
1.(2019山东青岛)
My
brother
has
a
healthy
living
habit.
He
_________stays
up
late,
and
he
is
an
early
bird.
A.
usually
B.
hardly
C.
often
D.
always
2.(2019河北中考)
Ken
was
_________late
for
school.
The
bell
rang
right
after
he
entered
the
classroom.
A.
still
B.
always
C.
already
D.
almost
3.(2018山东青岛)
Allen
always
behaves_________,
so
many
people
like
him.
A.
easily
B.
politely
C.
friendly
D.
lively
4.(2018广东中考)
My
grandpa
practices
playing
the
guitar_________
in
the
university
for
the
elderly
every
day.
-Cool!
It’s
never
too
old
to
learn.
A.
hard
B.
hardly
C.
great
D.
greatly
词
尾
变
化
原
级
比较级
最高级
单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st
tall
hard
large
wide
以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或est
big
hot
thin
fat
wet
以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-er,或-est
happy
dry
early
多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more
和
most
difficult
popular
slowly
规则变化
taller
harder
larger
wider
tallest
hardest
largest
widest
bigger
hotter
thinner
fatter
wetter
biggest
hottest
fattest
thinnest
wettest
happier
drier
earlier
happiest
driest
earliest
more
difficult
more
popular
more
slowly
most
difficult
most
popular
most
slowly
考点三
比较级和最高级的变化
规则变化
不规则变化
&
原级
good
well
bad
ill
many
much
little
far
old
比较级
最高级
better
best
worse
worst
less
more
most
farther
further
older
elder
least
farthest
furthest
oldest
eldest
不规则变化
巧记：
特殊形式比较级,共有三对二合一,坏病两多并两好,little意思不是小,一分为二有两个,一是老来二是远.
1.
(2018湖北孝感)-
What
do
you
think
of
the
speech
on
science
that
Mr.
Li
gave
us?
-Great!
No
one
does__________than
him
in
our
school
A.
bad
B.
best
C.
better
D.
good
2
.(2018山东青岛)
The
restaurant
is
always
busy
at
that
time,
so
come
a
little__________(早)
to
get
a
table.
3.(2019山东青岛)
Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the__________(最近的)
station?
4.(2019甘肃兰州)
This
restaurant
has
the__________(
good
)service
of
three.
5.(2019黑龙江)
Ma
Long
is
one
of_______________(famous
)ping-pong
players
in
the
world.
6.(2019山东临沂中考65题1分)
A
team
of
climbers
from
Peking
University
reached
the
top
of
the
world's
____________(high
)
mountain,
Qomolangma,
on
May
15,2018.
7.
(2018山东烟台)Town
Cinema
has____________
(comfort
)
seats
than
Guangming
Cinema.
earlier
nearest
best
the
most
famous
highest
more
comfort
(1)肯定句中的结构:
“A..+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B”。
如：
English?is?as?interesting?as?Chinese.
英文和汉语一样有趣。
Li?Lei?runs?as?fast?as
Li?Hua.
李磊跑得和李华一样快。
(2)否定句中的结构:“A..+not+as/so+形容词或副词原级+as+B”。
如：
This?book?isn‘t?so?new?as?that?one.
这本书不如那本书新。
I
can’
?t?type?as/?so?fast?as?my?brother.
我打字不如我弟弟快。
考点四
同级比较的用法和句式
as…as…
1.
(2019山东济南)Don't
believe
the
advertisement.
That
kind
of
camera
is
________it
says.
A.
not
as
good
as
B.
as
good
as
C.
not
as
well
as
D.
as
well
as
2.
(2019贵州毕节)
Does
the
dish
taste
as_________as
it
looks?
A.
well
B.
best
C.
good
D.
better
3.
(2018四川乐山)一It’s
reported
that
Fuxing
high-speed
trains
can
go
as_______as
350
km
an
hour.
---Wow.
how
amazing!
A.
fastest
B.
faster
C.
fast
考点五
比较级的句式和用法
（七个常用句式）
常见的含比较级的句式有:
在两者之间进行比较时要用比较级。比较级是中考中的必考点。
句
式
含
义
例
句
A…+比较级+?than?B
A比B更……
Lily's
room
is
bigger
than
mine
莉莉的房间比我的大。
Who/Which…+比较级，?A?or?B？
?A和B，谁/哪个更……?
Who
is
taller,
Li
Ming
or
Wang
Tao?
谁比较高，李明还是王涛?
比较级+and+比较级
越来越……
It's
getting
warmer
and
warmer
in
spring.
春天天气变得越来越暖和。
more?and?more+原级
越来越……
I
hope
our
city
will
become
more
and
more
beautiful.
我希望我们的城市会变得越来越漂亮。
the+比较级，the+比较级
越……越……
The
more
books
you
read,
the
faster
you
will
read.
你读的书越多，你阅读就会越快。
much/?a?little..+比较级
更……得多/一点儿
It
is
much
colder
today
than
yesterday
今天比昨天冷得多。
the+比较级…
(?of?the?two)
两者中更……的一个
Mary
is
the
taller
of
the
twins
玛是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
【注意】在比较级中，为了避免重复，在than后常用one，that，
those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
如
:
This
room
is
much
bigger
than
the
one
next
door.
这个房间比隔壁的那间大得多。
The
weather
of
Tianjin
is
colder
than
that
of
Guangzhou
in
winter.
冬天，天津的天气比广州的冷。
Do
you
have
larger
size
slippers
than
the
ones
I
have
my
room?
你有没有比我房里的更大一些的拖鞋?
Farms
in
France
are
much
smaller
than
those
in
the
United
States.
法国的农场比美国的农场小很多
1.(2019山东青岛)
To
make
rivers_____than
before,
every
body
is
supposed
to
protect
them.
A.
dirty
B.
dirtier
C.
clean
D.
cleaner
2.
(2019四川成都)
Compared
with
newspapers
or
TV,
the
Internet
offers
people
___________
information.
A.
much
B.
more
C.
most
3.
(2019湖北黄网)-
Mike
plays
the
drums
so
wonderfully
-
Of
course.
He
is
__________than
any
other
student
in
his
class.
A.
talented
B.
more
talented
C.
less
talented
D.
the
most
talented
4.(2019湖南长沙)
Of
the
two
physics
problems,
Martha
just
finished
_____________
one.
A.
the
most
difficult
B.
the
least
difficult
C.
the
less
difficult
5.(2018湖南益阳)
__________the
mountain
is
,
__________
the
air
is.
A.
The
highest:
the
thinnest
B.
Higher;
thinner
C.
The
higher;
the
thinner
考点六
最高级的句式和用法
（四个常用句式）
在三者或三者以上的人或物之间作比较时要用最高级。最高级是中考必考点。
句
式
含
义
例
句
最高级+in/of短语
在……中最
Shanghai
is
the
biggest
city
in
China.
上海是中国最大的城市。
He
jumps
highest
of
them
all.
他们中他跳得最高。
Who/
Which..+最高级，A、B和C？
A、
B
or
C
谁/哪个最……?
Which
city
is
the
most
beautiful,
Beijing,
Shanghai
or
Fuzhou?
哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州?
one
of
the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数
最……的……之一
Jay
Chou
is
one
of
the
most
popular
singers.
周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之。
the+序数词+形容词最高级
第几最……
The
Yellow
River
is
the
second
longest
river
in
China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
常见的含最高级的句式有:
1.(2019广东中考)
Fishing
is
one
of
__________
activities
among
the
middle-aged
people.
A.
popular
B.
more
popular
C.
most
popular
D.
the
most
popular
2.(2019四川南充)-
Who
sings
__________
in
your
class?
-Li
Jing
does
A.
most
beautifully
B.
most
beautiful
C.
more
beautifully
D.
more
beautiful
3.(2019重庆中考)
Nobody
worked
the
math
problem
out.
It
was
____________
one
of
all.
A.
easier
B.
the
easiest
C.
more
difficult
D.
the
most
difficult
4.(2019贵州贵阳)
Everyone
wants
to
win
in
the
contest.
But
I
think
___________
is
to
learn
something
and
have
fun.
A.
the
most
important
B.
important
C.
more
important
Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动比言语更有说服力.