2020年高考英语“中国元素”题型专练 综合练习word版附答案解析

2020年高考英语“中国文化自信”题型专练
综合练习
1.
If
Confucius(孔子)
were
still
alive
today
and
could
celebrate
his
September
28
birthday
with
a
big
cake,
there
would
be
a
lot
of
candles.
He'd
need
a
strong
wind
to
help
him
put
them
out.
While
many
people
in
China
will
remember
Confucius
on
this
special
day,
few
people
in
the
United
States
will
give
him
a
passing
thought.
It's
nothing
personal.
Most
Americans
don't
even
remember
the
birthdays
of
their
own
national
heroes.
But
this
doesn't
mean
that
Americans
don't
care
about
Confucius.
In
many
ways
he
has
become
a
bridge
that
foreigners
must
cross
if
they
want
to
reach
a
deeper
understanding
of
China.
In
the
past
two
decades,
the
Chinese
studies
programs
have
gained
huge
popularity
in
Western
universities.
More
recently,
the
Chinese
government
has
set
up
Confucius
Institutes
in
more
than
80
countries.
These
schools
teach
both
Chinese
language
and
culture.
The
main
courses
of
Chinese
culture
usually
include
Chinese
art,
history
and
philosophy(哲学).
Some
social
scientists
suggest
that
Westerners
should
take
advantage
of
the
ancient
Chinese
wisdom
to
make
up
for
the
drawbacks(缺点)
of
Westerners
philosophy.
Students
in
the
United
States,
at
the
same
time,
are
racing
to
learn
Chinese.
So
they
will
be
ready
for
life
in
a
world
where
China
is
an
equal
power
with
the
United
States.
Businessmen
who
hope
to
make
money
in
China
are
reading
books
about
Confucius
to
understand
their
Chinese
customers.
So
the
old
thinker's
ideas
are
still
alive
and
well.
Today
China
attracts
the
West
more
than
ever,
and
it
will
need
more
teachers
to
introduce
Confucius
and
Chinese
culture
to
the
West.
As
for
the
old
thinker,
he
will
not
soon
be
forgotten
by
people
in
the
West,
even
if
his
birthday
is.
1.
The
opening
paragraph
is
mainly
intended
to
______.
A.provide
some
key
facts
about
Confucius
B.attract
the
readers'
interest
in
the
subject
C.show
great
respect
for
the
ancient
thinker
D.prove
the
popularity
of
modern
birthday
celebrations
2.
We
can
learn
from
Paragraph
4
that
American
students
______.
A.have
a
great
interest
in
studying
Chinese
B.take
an
active
part
in
Chinese
competitions
C.try
to
get
high
scores
in
Chinese
exams
D.fight
for
a
chance
to
learn
Chinese
3.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Forgotten
Wisdom
in
America
B.Huge
Fans
of
the
Chinese
Language
C.Chinese
Culture
for
Westerners
D.Old
Thinker
with
a
Big
Future
2.根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
??????
???
In
the
early
days
of
the
Ming
Dynasty,
that
is,
early
in
the
15th
century,
China
was
an
advanced
country
in
the
world,
with
a
booming
economy
and
prosperous
culture.①__________?Between
1405
and
1433,
Zheng
He
was
ordered
seven
times
to
make
voyages
to
different
countries,
known
as
“Zheng
He’s
voyages
to
the
west
seas”.
???
In
1405,
a
huge
fleet
of
more
than
300
ships
manned
by
over
27,800
men
set
sail
from
Liujia
Harbor
near
Suzhou
on
a
distant
voyage
under
the
command
of
Zheng
He.②__________The
fleet
sailed
along
China’s
coast
to
Champa
close
to
Vietnam
and
after
crossing
the
South
China
Sea,
visited
Java,
Sumatra
and
reached
Sri
Lanka
finally.
On
the
way
back,
it
sailed
along
the
west
coast
of
India
and
returned
home
in
1407.
?③__________
???
In
all,
he
had
made
calls
at
over
30
countries
and
territories.
④__________No
matter
what
country
he
visited,
he
called
on
the
ruler
of
the
land,
presenting
to
him
valuable
gifts
to
express
China’s
sincere
desire
to
develop
friendly
relations.
⑤__________They
sent
the
emperor
zebras,
giraffes,
shells,
elephant
ivory
and
rhinoceros-horn
medicine.
???
The
voyages
by
Zheng
He
strengthened
the
friendly
relations
between
China
and
other
countries
in
Asia
and
Africa
and
led
to
cultural
and
economic
exchange
between
them.
Therefore,
his
expeditions
could
rightfully
be
called
“one
of
greatest
achievements
in
mankind’s
history
of
navigation”.
A.
Zheng
served
as
commander
of
the
fleet.
B.
The
response
of
the
rulers
was
very
generous.
C.
On
board
the
ships
were
large
quantities
of
goods.
D.
The
Great
Ming
Empire
launched
a
series
of
marine
activities.
E.
On
each
voyage,
Zheng
He
acted
as
the
representative
of
the
Ming
court.
F.
All
this
had
taken
place
about
half
a
century
before
Columbus’
voyage
to
America.
G.
Zheng
He’s
second
and
third
voyages
taken
shortly
after,
followed
the
same
route.
3.阅读下列短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two
new
satellites
of
BeiDou
Navigation
(导航)
Satellite
System
(BDS)
①_________(send)
into
space
on
a
Long
March-3D
carrier
rocket
from
the
Xichang
Satellite
Launch
Center
in
Sichuan
Province,
China
at
2:07
a.m.
on
November
19,
2018.
The
satellites
entered
a
Medium
Earth
orbit
(轨道)
②_________(safe)
more
than
three
hours
later
and
will
work
with
17
other
BDS-3
satellites
already
in
space.
They
are
also
the
42nd
and
43rd
③_________(member)
of
the
BDS
satellite
family.
China
launched
these
satellites
with
the
aim
of
providing
navigation
services
④_________countries
and
regions
which
participate
in
the
Belt
and
Road
Proposal
by
the
end
of
2018.
“This
is
a
key
and
⑤_________(value)
step
for
BDS
developing
from
a
Chinese
experimental
system
to
a
regional
and
then
a
global
navigation
system,”
said
Yang
Changfeng,
chief
expert
⑥_________contributed
much
to
the
BeiDou
system.
The
positioning
⑦_________(accurate)
of
the
BDS-3
system
has
been
improved
to
2.5
meters
to
5
meters,
said
Yang.
⑧_________(name)
after
the
Chinese
term
for
the
Big
Dipper,
the
BeiDou
system
has
been
serving
China
for
18
years
where
another
six
BDS-3
satellites
will
be
put
into
the
Medium
Earth
orbit
from
2019
to
2020.
The
system
is
expected
⑨_________(provide)
first-class
services
around
⑩_________globe
by
the
end
of
2020.
4.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
???
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The
Spring
Festival
is
the
most
important
festival
in
China,
during
which
the
whole
nation
will
be
lost
in
happy
atmosphere.
As
it
draws
near,
everyone
spent
time
cleaning
the
house,
doing
shopping
and
preparing
for
presents.
Usually,
the
Spring
Festival
is
close
related
to
gatherings.
The
whole
family,
seat
around
the
table,
will
have
a
big
dinner
together.
Moreover,
people
will
drop
in
on
our
friends
and
relatives,
carry
gifts.
Children
are
the
happiest
for
getting
the
lucky
money
but
setting
off
fireworks.
In
a
word,
the
Spring
Festival
is
of
great
significant
to
us
Chinese.
This
is
because
people
celebrate
it
with
great
passion.
5.假设你是李华,你的笔友Tom对中国文化非常感兴趣,他和他的家人准备今年来中国过春节,写信向你咨询相关事宜。请根据所给提示,用英语给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括:
1.
春节在中国文化中的重要性;
2.
主要的庆祝活动和方式;
3.
旅游注意事项:选好参观的城市、提前预定宾馆等
注意:1.
词数120左右(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数);2.
可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear
Tom,
I’m
glad
to
hear
that
you
and
your
family
are
visiting
China
during
the
Spring
Festival.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
答案以及解析
1、答案及解析：答案：1-3
BAD
解析：1.
B
目的意图题。第一段说如果孔子仍然活着并能庆祝生日的话,将会有很多的蜡烛,他需要很大的风才能吹灭蜡烛,是为了吸引读者的注意力,让读者继续读下去。
2.
A
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"In
the
past
two
decades,
the
Chinese
studies
programs
have
gained
huge
popularity
in
Western
universities."和第六句中的"are
racing
to
learn
Chinese"可知,
美国学生对中国文化很感兴趣。
3.
D
主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响,许多美国学生、商人等竞相学习中国文化,社会学家希望用中国古人的智慧来弥补西方哲学的缺点。
2、答案及解析：答案：D;
C;
G;
E;
B
解析：
公元1405年到1433年,受明成祖派遣,郑和先后七次率领庞大的船队进行远航,这就是著名的"郑和下西洋”。
1.?D
【解析】根据后文的
Zheng
He
was?ordered
seven
times
to
make
voyages
to
other
countries可知,郑和奉命先后七次远航,与D项“大明帝国开始了一系列航海活动”为承接关系。
2.?C
【解析】根据前文的“In
1405
,
a
huge
fleet
of
more
than
300
ships
manned
by
over
27,800
men
set
sail
from
Liujiagang
Harbor
near
Suzhou
on
a
distant
voyage
under
the
command
of
Zheng
He.
"
可知,本句介绍郑和指挥的船队的情况,故C项“船上装载着大量的货物”与上句紧密相连,符合语境。
3.?G
【解析】根据下一段首句“In
all,
he
had
made
calls
at
over
30
countries
and
territories.”中的In
all可推断出上段应介绍他的多次航行,故G项“郑和不久沿着同一航线进行了第二次和第三次航行”符合语境。
4.?E
【解析】根据空后的“No
matter
which
country
he
visited,
he
called
on
the
ruler
of
the
land,
presenting
valuable
gifts
to
him
to
express
China's
sincere
desire
to
develop
?friendly
relations.
"每到一个国家都会和国家元首见面,并赠贵重的礼物来表达与其发展友好关系的愿望,由此可推断出郑和是以明代朝廷的外交使节的身份去远航的,故选E项。
5.?B
【解析】根据空后的
“They
sent
the
emperor
zebras,
giraffes,
shells,
elephant
ivory
and
rhinoceros
hom
medicine."可知,外国元首给明代皇帝送了斑马、长颈鹿、贝壳、象牙、犀牛角药材等物品,
由此可推断出那些国家元首也很大方,故选B项。
3、答案及解析：答案：
1.
were
sent
2.
safely
3.
members
4.
for
5.
valuable
6.
who/that
7.
accuracy
8.
Named
9.
to
provide
10.客观填空
the
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了BeiDou-1,
BeiDou-2,和BeiDou-3卫星导航系统的组成,重要作用,发展过程及对世界的影响。
1.考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意:2018年11月19日凌晨2时07分,北斗导航卫星系统两颗新卫星由长征三号丙运载火箭从四川省西昌卫星发射中心发射升空。句子主语是“两颗新卫星”,是复数形式,且主语和send之间是一种被动关系,再根据文中提到的时间是过去时间,所以此空用一般过去时态的被动语态,故答案为were
sent。
2.考查词形转换。句意:这些卫星在3个多小时后安全进入中轨,并将与已经进入太空的另外17颗北斗3号卫星一起工作。此处enter是动词,有副词来修饰,故答案为safely。
3.考查名词复数。句意:他们也是北斗卫星家族的第42和43个成员。结合句意可知此处用名词复数,故答案为members。
4.考查介词。句意:中国发射这些卫星的目的是,到2018年底为参与“一带一路”建设的国家和地区提供导航服务。考查固定搭配:provide
sth.
for
sb.“为某人提供某事”,故答案为for。
5.考查词形转换。句意:这是北斗从中国实验系统向区域乃至全球导航系统发展的关键和有价值的一步。此处step“步伐”,是名词,由形容词来修饰,故答案为valuable。
6.考查定语从句。句意:为北斗系统做出巨大贡献的首席专家杨长峰说。此处Yang
Changfeng是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故答案为who/that。
7.考查词形转换。句意:杨说,北斗-3系统的定位精度已提高到2.5米至5米。此处用名词作主语,故答案为accuracy。
8.考查过去分词作时间状语。句意:北斗系统以北斗七星的中文名称命名之后,已经为中国服务了18年,2019年至2020年,另有6颗北斗3号卫星将被送入中轨。此处句子主语the
BeiDou
system和name之间是一种被动关系,是过去分词作时间状语,故答案为Named。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:预计到2020年底,该系统将在全球范围内提供一流的服务。固定搭配:expect
sb.
to
do
sth.“期盼某人做某事”,此处是被动语态,故答案为to
provide。
10.考查固定用法。句意:预计到2020年底,该系统将在全球范围内提供一流的服务。此处是固定用法,故答案为the。
4、答案及解析：答案：
The
Spring
Festival
is
the
most
important
festival
in
China,
during
which
the
whole
nation
will
be
lost
in
happy
atmosphere.
As
it
draws
near,
everyone
time
cleaning
the
house,
doing
shopping
and
preparing
for
presents.
Usually,
the
Spring
Festival
is
related
to
gatherings.
The
whole
family,
around
the
table,
will
have
a
big
dinner
together.
Moreover,
people
will
drop
in
on
friends
and
relatives,
gifts.
Children
are
the
happiest
for
getting
the
lucky
money
setting
off
fireworks.
In
a
word,
the
Spring
Festival
is
of
great
to
us
Chinese.
This
is
people
celebrate
it
with
great
passion.
解析：1.
happy前加a
考査冠词atmosphere,为可数名词气氛,氛围;
2.spent-spends考査谓语的时态和主谓一致;
3.去掉for?????
考査词的用法,prepare
presents准备礼物;
4.close-closely考査词性,closely密切地,指抽象关系;
5.
seat-seated??????
考査非谓语,seated表状态;
6.
our-their??
考査代词,根据上下文应该用their,主语是people;
7.carry-carrying考査非谓语,people和carry之间为主动关系;
8.but-and????
考査并列连词;
9.significant-significance
考査词性,be
of
+名词;
10.because-why??
考査连词,表语从句;
5、答案及解析：答案：
Dear
Tom,
I’m
glad
to
hear
that
you
and
your
family
are
visiting
China
during
the
Spring
Festival
The
Spring
Festival
is
one
of
the
most
important
festivals
in
China.
It
is
an
occasion
when
family
members
get
together
and
have
a
good
rest.
Before
the
festival,
we
clean
our
houses
and
decorate
them
with
red
couplets
and
pictures,
which
express
our
best
wishes
for
the
coming
new
year.
During
the
festival,
we
visit
relatives.
Children
are
given
lucky
money
in
red
paper.
There
are
dragon
dances
and
carnivals,
from
which
you
can
learn
more
about
Chinese
culture.
In
the
north
of
China
the
special
food
for
the
Spring
Festival
is
dumpling.
Please
decide
which
cities
you
are
going
to
visit
and
book
the
hotel
rooms
in
advance.
I
wish
you
a
pleasant
journey
in
China.
Yours,
Li
Hua