中考英语专题复习之宾语从句 课件(共27张PPT，无音频)

(共27张PPT，无音频)
Object
Clauses
宾语从句专题
科普八年级英语下册
什么是宾语从句
合作探究一：请观察下列句子宾语的构成：
①
I
have
a
friend.
②
Her
mother
bought
it.
③They
like
reading
the
book.
?Jane
wants
to
have
a
rest.
(名词）
（代词）
（动词不定式）
（动名词）
结论：当宾语可以用一个单词或短语表达时，我们就直接把该单词或短语置于动词后面作宾语，宾语一般由
______________________________来充当。
名词、动名词、代词或动词不定式
合作探究二：
请思考：如何表达“我知道你在看电视”
宾语从句
分析：
宾语是一个完整的句子，无法用一个单词来表达“你在看电视”，只能用句子表达，即：
结论：
这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，就叫作
__________。
I
know
(that)
you
are
watching
TV.
合作探究三：
宾语从句的种类
1.动宾：
动词后面+句子
I
think
you
are
good.
2.介宾：
介词后面+句子
He
is
sorry
for
what
he
said.
3.be+形容词后面+句子
I
am
not
sure
whether
there
are
UFOS.
合作探究四：宾语从句三要素是什么？
请观察下列句子：
①I
am
sure
that
he
is
a
bad
boy.
②Do
you
know
whether
Tom
will
come
here?
③He
asked
me
when
I
was
born.
三要素:
引导词，
语序，
时态
合作探究五：引导词
1.由从属连词
______引导的宾语从句
2.由从属连词
__________引导的宾语从句
3.由连接代词
__________________________
连接副词
_________________________
引导的宾语从句，也可理解为由___________引导的宾语从句。
that
whether,
if
who,
whose,
which，what
where,
how,
why,
when
特殊疑问词
（1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
that
在句中没有词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，只
是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语，在口语当中
往往省略。
一般情况下，当______做宾语时用______引导。
eg.
1.
I
hear.（一小时后他会回来）
－→
陈述句
that
I
hear
(that)
he
will
be
back
in
an
hour.
He
will
be
back
in
an
hour.
2.
He
said.（他非常想念我们）
－→
3.
I
hope.(他们将会玩得开心）
－→
He
missed
us
very
much.
He
said
(that)
he
missed
us
very
much.
They
will
have
a
good
time.
I
hope
(that)
they
will
have
a
good
time.
（2）由从属连词whether,
if
引导的宾语从句
whether
/if
本身作“是否”讲，如果我们要表达一个不确定的概念，就要用whether/if来引导一个从句。一般情况下，如果宾语是__________，就要换成由从属连词____或________引导的宾语从句。
whether和if常常可以互换，但是，当从句后面有
or
not的话，就只能使用whether构成“whether…or
not”的结构。
注：whether/if
后面的句子要用________，即主语在前，谓语在后。
一般疑问句
if
whether
陈述语序
例句分析：
eg.
1.
他问我们周日是否去钓鱼。
在这句话中，“周日我们去钓鱼吗”是一个一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。
?
?
－→
He
asks.（主句）
Will
we
go
fishing
on
Sunday?
（从句：一般疑问句）
He
asks
whether/if
we
will
go
fishing
on
Sunday.
2.
我不知道李明明天会不会来。
在这句话中，“李明明天来吗”是一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。
?
?
－→
I
don't
know.（主句）
Will
Li
Ming
come
tomorrow?
（从句：一般疑问句）
I
don't
know
whether/if
Li
Ming
will
come
tomorrow.
练习:pair
work
1.
Did
Peter
come
here
yesterday?
Li
Lei
wants
to
know.
(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li
Lei
wants
to
know
________
Peter
______
here
yesterday.
2.
Is
Lingling
a
student?
I
don’t
know.
I
don’t
know
_____________________________.
whether/if
came
whether/if
Lingling
is
a
student
3.
我不知道明天是否会下雨。
I
don’t
know__________________________.
4.
李明问我周日是否去北京。
Li
Ming
asks__________________________
___________
5.
老师问我们是否写完了作业。
Teacher
asks
__________________________________.
whether/if
I
will
go
to
Beijing
on
Sunday
.
whether/if
it
will
rain
tomorrow
whether/if
we
have
finished
our
homework
只用whether,
不用if
的情况
1、在带to的不定式前
eg：
2、在介词的后面
eg：
We
decided
whether
to
walk
there.
I’m
thinking
of
whether
we
should
go
to
see
the
film.
3、直接与or
not连用时
eg:
?.我不知道他是否会来。
?.
玛丽问我是否在做作业。
I
don’t
know
whether
he
will
come
or
not.
Mary
asked
whether
I
was
doing
my
homework
or
not.
（3）由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
如果遇到什么时间、什么地点、什么方式、什么原因之类的问句时，我们就要使用相应的疑问词来连接从句。也就是说，当宾语是特殊疑问句时，就要用相应的______来引导。在疑问词引导的从句中，一定要用______语序。
eg.
I
didn’t
hear.（主句）
What
did
he
want
me
to
do?
(疑问语序）
（从句：特殊疑问句）
－→
疑问词
陈述
I
didn’t
hear
what
he
wanted
me
to
do.
（陈述语序）
把一个特殊疑问句放在宾语从句中，我们要做好两步：
1.
移。就是把特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词移到句子中来；
2.
变。就是把特殊疑问词后面的一般疑问句变为陈述句语序。
e.g.
How
can
I
get
to
the
station?
I
don’t
know.
首先，我们把主句找出来，即：I
don’t
know.
那么接下来是我不知道什么呢？后面就需要一个宾语从句，而后面的句子是以特殊疑问词How来引导，所以，
第一步疑问词移下来变为：
第二步看剩下的部分：
是一个一般疑问句，要改成陈述句，即把主语放到前面：
然后加到前面的句子上。
那么这句话就变成了：
I
don’t
know
how…
I
can
get
to
the
station.
can
I
get
to
the
station?
I
don’t
know
how
I
can
get
to
the
station.
1.
He
asked.
Who
could
answer
the
question？
－→
2.
Can
you
tell
me？Where
is
he
?
－→
3.
Could
you
tell
me？
How
can
I
get
to
the
station?
－→
探究练习：合成宾语从句
He
asked
who
could
answer
the
question.
Can
you
tell
me
where
he
is?
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
注意这些例句中的陈述语序。
练习：
1.
Where
is
Tony
from?
I
don’t
know.
___________________________________________
2.
How
old
is
Lingling?
Miss
Li
wants
to
know.
__________________________________________
3.
When
will
my
father
come
back?
I
can’t
tell
you.
___________________________________________
4.
Where
is
the
bus
stop?
The
foreigner
asks.
______________________________________________
5.
Which
is
the
right
answer?
Can
you
tell
me?
________________________________________________
I
don’t
know
Miss
Li
wants
to
know
I
can’t
tell
you
The
foreigner
asks
Can
you
tell
me
where
Tony
is
from.
how
old
Lingling
is.
when
my
father
will
come
back.
where
the
bus
stop
is.
which
is
the
right
answer.
二、宾语从句中的时态
1.
当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以使用______________。
eg.?
We
know.
Mr.
Chen
teaches
English.
－→
?I
don’t
know.
Did
he
finish
his
homework
last
night?
－→
所需要的任何时态
（主句：一般现在时）
（从句：一般现在时）
We
know
(that)
Mr.
Chen
teaches
English.
（主句：一般现在时）
（从句：一般过去时）
I
don’t
know
whether
he
finished
his
homework
last
night.
2．主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用____________
eg.
?He
said.
He
is
reading
a
book
now.
－→
?He
wasn’t
sure.
Will
Sally
come
?
－→
过去的某种时态
（主句：一般过去时）
（从句：现在进行时）
He
said
he
was
reading
a
book
at
that
time.
（主句：一般过去时）
（从句：一般将来时）
He
wasn’t
sure
whether
Sally
would
come
or
not.
3.
当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用_________。
eg.
?He
told
the
boy.
The
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
－→
?Wang
Tao
said.
Fujian
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
－→
现在时态
（主句：一般过去时）
（从句：表客观规律）
He
told
the
boy
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
（主句：一般过去时）
（从句：表客观存在）
Wang
Tao
said
Fujian
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
1.
You
are
growing
so
fast.
Can
you
tell
me
__________?
A.
how
fast
are
you
B.
how
fast
you
are
C.
how
tall
are
you
D.
how
tall
you
are
2.
I
don’t
know
_______
she
comes
or
not.
A.
if
B.
whether
C.
where
D.
how
练一练
D
B
3.
Can
you
tell
me
how
________
Beijing?
A.
get
to
B.
to
get
C.
I
can
get
to
D.
can
I
get
to
4.
David
doesn’t
know
_____
for
Guangzhou,
because
the
boss
hasn’t
dicided
who
to
go.
A.
when
he
will
leave
B.
when
will
he
leave
C.
if
he
leaves
D.
if
he
will
leave
5.
Tom
asked
Mike
______.
A.
where
did
he
live
B.
where
he
lived
C.
where
does
he
live
C
D
B
1.
She
said,“
I
can
mend
it.”
She
said
_____
_____
______
mend
it.
2.
我不知道他是否病了。
I
don’t
know
_________
____
___
____.
3.
我问他这是什么。
I
asked
him
______
_____
______.
that
she
could
whether/if
he
is
ill
what
this
was
4.
你能告诉我你来自哪里吗？
Can
you
tell
me
_____
____
___
_____.
5.
Where
did
you
buy
your
computer?
Do
you
remember?
Do
you
remember
______
you
______
your
computer?
where
you
are
from
where
bought
Thank
you!