人教版九年级中考英语复习——完形填空讲解 课件 (共26张ppt，无音频）

(共26张PPT)
中考完形填空解题技巧
1
【考情概览】
完形填空多以记叙文的考查为主，多为日常生活类，比较贴近学生生活,主要为学校生活、发表观点和故事类。词数在220-290词之间，生词0-1个。试题为10空4选1，主要涉及6-8个考点。必考点：
a.
名词（1-2个）
b.
动词（2-4个）
c.
形容词（1-2个）
d.
代词（1个）及介词（1个），
e.
此外动词短语、副词、连词、疑问词、时态、语态穿插设置。
一、完形填空题型分析解读
二、三个注重
1.
重语境
完形填空着眼于整体理解，必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节，尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索，把自己置身于情景当中进行填空，这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。
2.
重实词
完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词，当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词，如介词、连词等。
3.
重首句
首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句，是观察全文的窗口，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选项，就会加大难度，影响对文章信息的捕捉，使做题者陷入茫然。
　　
三、完形填空题设空规律
1.
句子层次的设空
指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。
2.
句群层次的设空
指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目。
前制性设空
It
was
an
English
speech
contest.
My
mother
asked
me
to
take
part
in
it.
What
a
terrible
idea!
It
meant
I
had
to
____
in
front
of
all
the
teachers
and
students
of
my
school!
A.
write?
?
B.
speak?
?
C.
sing?
???D.
dance
后制性设空
Nobody
____
him
in
the
village.
One
day
he
said
to
them,“I
know
you
don’t
like
me
…”
A.
believed?
?
B.
liked?
???C.
hated?
???D.
knew
5
3.
语篇性设空
指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。
In
New
York,
on
a
Friday
night,
a
young
artist
stood
at
the
gate
of
a
train
station.
He
was
playing
his
.
His
music
was
so
great
that
many
people
put
money
into
his
hat.
The
next
day
,the
young
artist
came
to
the
same
place,
and
played
the
violin
as
usual.
16.
A.
piano
B.
guitar
C.
violin
D.
sax
When
we
talked,
I
discovered（发现）
some
differences
in
school
life
between
the
US
and
China.
For
example,
each
class
lasts
fifty
minutes
in
the
US.
It
is
a
little
than
that
in
China.
We
usually
have
forty-five
minutes
in
each
class.
44.
A.
shorter
B.
longer
C.
earlier
D.
later
2)
逻辑推理
1)
根据上下文及语境推断
C
B
6
When
two
people
are
in
a
conversation,
the
speaker
will
only
look
at
the
listener
from
time
to
time,
in
order
to
make
sure
that
the
listener
does
pay
attention
____
what
he
or
she
is
speaking…
48.
A.
for
B.
of
C.
with
D.
to
In
the
morning,
the
king
went
to
visit
the
pond.
To
his
surprise,
the
pond
was
only
filled
with
water!
What
happened?
Yes!
Everyone
had
the
same
idea
____
that
man.
48.
A.
with
B.
to
C.
as
D.
of
3).
固定搭配
D
C
7
As
a
reporter,
I
think
I
will
meet
lots
of
people
and
I
should
be
friendly
to
them.
I
think
I'll
also
make
many
good
_____
and
live
with
them,
because
I
don't
like
living
alone.
25.
A.
friend
B.
friends
C.
friends’
D.
friends’
4).
语法分析
All
over
the
world
people
swim
for
fun.
Swimming
is
enjoyed
by
people
of
___
ages,
from
the
very
young
to
the
very
old.
There
are
many
places
for
people
to
swim
in
swimming
pools.
32.
A.
all
B.
none
C.
some
D.
both
5).
背景知识
B
A
1.context（上下文、语境）
3.
regular
collocation（固定搭配）
2.
logic（逻辑）
总结:
完形填空的解题技巧
4.
grammar
analysis（语法分析）
5.
background
knowledge（背景知识）
要充分利用首句的标示作用
第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁
并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,
where,
who,
what,
how…)
要注意尾句的提示和总结作用
1.
故事的结局
2.
问题的结论
3.
幽默或富有哲理的结尾
留意文章中有中文注释的词
有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。
Step
1
抓住首尾，了解短文
三、完形填空解题方法和步骤
完形填空。
共205词
推荐做题时间
10分钟
Xiao
Qiang，a
l
2-year-old
Chinese
boy，has
too
many
activities．His
father
1
him
away
from
school
four
afternoons
a
week
and
drives
him
across
town
to
practice．“I
do
most
of
my
2
in
the
car
when
we
are
3
to
practice，and
I
have
to
do
the
rest
when
I
get
home．I
am
too
tried,
I
just
want
to
sleep.”
He
said.
“More
and
more
kids
become
unhappy
4
they
have
too
many
activities
to
do.”
said
Mr.
Wang，an
expert(专家)of
child
development．“4l％of
the
children
aged
9-13
said
they
felt
5
most
of
the
time，and
more
than
75％0f
them
said
that
they
wished
they
had
more
6
to
play.”
“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排)
is
a
growing
problem
for
Chinese
families.”
said
Mr.
Wang．It
is
not
good
for
both
kids
and
their
parents.
More
families
eat
dinner
7
or
often
eat
fast
food
8
their
way
to
football
practice
or
music
lessons.
We
all
know
it
is
important
for
kids
to
learn
how
to
relax.
If
they
don’t
learn
that
now,
it
will
be
more
difficult
to
learn
when
they
get
9
.
Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Parents
should
10
about
what
is
right
for
kids.
Practice
可以推测：
这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题。
首句:
Xiao
Qiang,
a
l
2-year-old
Chinese
boy，has
too
many
activities．
第三段首句:“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排)
is
a
growing
problem
for
Chinese
families.”
中文注释:
an
expert
(专家)
尾句:
Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Parents
should
10
about
what
is
right
for
kids.
撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：
（1）XiaoQiang
是个12岁中国男孩。
（2）他有许多活动。
（3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题
。（4）孩子们需要时间休息。
Step
2
通读全文,
把握脉络
通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。
Step
3
瞻前顾后，上下求索
本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。
Step
4
再读文章，核查答案
将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的after
school
activities
的问题，专家呼吁Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Xiao
Qiang，a
l
2-year-old
Chinese
boy，has
too
many
activities．His
father
1
him
away
from
school
four
afternoons
a
week
and
drives
him
across
town
to
practice．“I
do
most
of
my
2
in
the
car
when
we
are
3
to
practice，and
I
have
to
do
the
rest
when
I
get
home．I
am
too
tried,
I
just
want
to
sleep.”
He
said.
“More
and
more
kids
become
unhappy
4
they
have
too
many
activities
to
do.”
said
Mr.
Wang，an
expert(专家)of
child
development.“4l％of
the
children
aged
9-13
said
they
felt
5
most
of
the
time，and
more
than
75％0f
them
said
that
they
wished
they
had
more
6
to
play.”
“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排)
is
a
growing
problem
for
Chinese
families.”
said
Mr.
Wang．It
is
not
good
for
both
kids
and
their
parents.
More
families
eat
dinner
7
or
often
eat
fast
food
8
their
way
to
football
practice
or
music
lessons.
We
all
know
it
is
important
for
kids
to
learn
how
to
relax.
If
they
don’t
learn
that
now,
it
will
be
more
difficult
to
learn
when
they
get
9
.
Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Parents
should
10
about
what
is
right
for
kids.
跳过空格通读短文：
Xiao
Qiang，a
l
2-year-old
Chinese
boy，has
too
many
activities．His
father
1
him
away
from
school
four
afternoons
a
week
and
drives
him
across
town
to
practice．“I
do
most
of
my
2
in
the
car
when
we
are
3
to
practice，and
I
have
to
do
the
rest
when
I
get
home．I
am
too
tried,
I
just
want
to
sleep.”
He
said.
“More
and
more
kids
become
unhappy
4
they
have
too
many
activities
to
do.”
said
Mr.
Wang，an
expert(专家)of
child
development．“4l％of
the
children
aged
9-13
said
they
felt
46
most
of
the
time，and
more
than
75％0f
them
said
that
they
wished
they
had
more
6
to
play.”
“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排)
is
a
growing
problem
for
Chinese
families.”
said
Mr.
Wang．It
is
not
good
for
both
kids
and
their
parents.
More
families
eat
dinner
7
or
often
eat
fast
food
8
their
way
to
football
practice
or
music
lessons.
We
all
know
it
is
important
for
kids
to
learn
how
to
relax.
If
they
don’t
learn
that
now,
it
will
be
more
difficult
to
learn
when
they
get
9
.
Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Parents
should
10
about
what
is
right
for
kids.
1.
A.
take
B.
takes
C.
took
D.
has
taken
2.
A.
sports
B.
business
C.
homework
D.
housework
3.
A.
riding
B.
flying
C.
walking
D.
driving
Step
3
瞻前顾后，上下求索
“More
and
more
kids
become
unhappy
4
they
have
too
many
activities
to
do.”
said
Mr.
Wang，an
expert(专家)of
child
development．“41％of
the
children
aged
9-13
said
they
felt
5
most
of
the
time，and
more
than
75％0f
them
said
that
they
wished
they
had
more
6
to
play.”
4.
A.
but
B.
or
C.
because
D.
so
5.
A.
excited
B.
interested
C.
worried
D.
dangerous
6.
A.
great
timeB.
full
time
C.
right
time
D.
free
time
“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排)
is
a
growing
problem
for
Chinese
families.”
said
Mr.
Wang．It
is
not
good
for
both
kids
and
their
parents.
More
families
eat
dinner
7
or
often
eat
fast
food
8
their
way
to
football
practice
or
music
lessons.
We
all
know
it
is
important
for
kids
to
learn
how
to
relax.
If
they
don’t
learn
that
now,
it
will
be
more
difficult
to
learn
when
they
get
9
.
Kids
need
time
to
relax.
Parents
should
10
about
what
is
right
for
kids.
7.
A.
slowly
B.
quickly
C.
quietly
D.
happily
8.
A.
on
B.
by
C.
in
D.
across
9.
A.
taller
B.
stronger
C.
older
D.
better
10.
A.
hear
B.
think
C.
look
D.
tell
17
答案：
B
C
D
C
C
D
B
A
C
B
1、抓住首尾，了解短文
2、通读全文，把握脉络
3、瞻前顾后，上下求索
4、再读文章，核查答案
勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。
跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。
前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。
代入答案，再读全文，反复检查
争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
少于1分钟
约5分钟
约2分钟
约2分钟
Summary
完形填空解题技巧口诀
要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。
语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。
重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。
依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。
做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。
按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。
四、解题误区
1.
单纯求快忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。
正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。
2.
时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。
Have
a
try!
22
The
Sweetest
Sight
I
was
in
the
most
beautiful
city
in
the
world,
yet
I
only
wanted
home.
It
was
an
amazing
week
for
my
husband
and
me
—
the
trip
of
a
lifetime.
Months
ago,
when
my
husband
told
me
that
he
would
have
a
meeting
in
London,
I
expressed
my
1
to
go
to
Europe
together
with
him.
Then
we
asked
his
mother
to
2
our
two
children
and
started
off.
During
the
week’s
time
,
3
visited
London
and
Paris
—
as
much
as
we
could,
Big
Ben,
the
Louvre
and
so
on.
All
these
were
beautiful
places
we
expected
to
see
before.
We
really
enjoyed
ourselves.
On
our
last
night
in
Paris,
4
we
enjoyed
the
night
view(夜景)of
the
Eiffel
Tower,
my
husband
called
home.
His
mother
5
the
phone.
In
a
second,
my
husband’s
face
fell
and
he
looked
so
worried.
I
could
feel
something
6
happened.
“What’s
wrong?”
I
asked.
He
didn’t
answer
and
continued
to
listen.
A
few
minutes
later,
he
said
7
to
me
that
Tony,
our
seven-year-old
son,
had
fallen
off
his
bike
and
8
his
leg.
He
must
be
sent
to
hospital
at
once.
At
that
moment,
Paris
suddenly
lost
its
charm(魅力).
“I
don’t
want
to
be
here!
I
shouldn’t
be
here!
I
should
be
home
9
my
kids!
We
hurried
back
to
our
hotel
and
then
to
the
airport…
Finally,
we
got
home.
We
rushed
into
our
children’s
bedroom.
Seeing
our
two
children,
I
suddenly
realized
the
truth:
there
is
no
10
sight(风景)in
the
world
than
your
11
faces
that
greet
you
at
home.
23
The
Sweetest
Sight
I
was
in
the
most
beautiful
city
in
the
world,
yet
I
only
wanted
home.
It
was
an
amazing
week
for
my
husband
and
me
—
the
trip
of
a
lifetime.
Months
ago,
when
my
husband
told
me
that
he
would
have
a
meeting
in
London,
I
expressed
my
1
to
go
to
Europe
together
with
him.
Then
we
asked
his
mother
to
2
our
two
children
and
started
off.
During
the
week’s
time
,
3
visited
London
and
Paris
—
as
much
as
we
could,
Big
Ben,
the
Louvre
and
so
on.
All
these
were
beautiful
places
we
expected
to
see
before.
We
really
enjoyed
ourselves.
1.
A.
question
B.
wish
C.
step
D.
place
2.
A.
look
after
B.
talk
with
C.
find
out
D.
wake
up
3.
A.
he
B.
she
C.
we
D.
they
B
A
C
24
On
our
last
night
in
Paris,
4
we
enjoyed
the
night
view(夜景)of
the
Eiffel
Tower,
my
husband
called
home.
His
mother
5
the
phone.
In
a
second,
my
husband’s
face
fell
and
he
looked
so
worried.
I
could
feel
something
6
happened.
“What’s
wrong?”
I
asked.
He
didn’t
answer
and
continued
to
listen.
A
few
minutes
later,
he
said
7
to
me
that
Tony,
our
seven-year-old
son,
had
fallen
off
his
bike
and
8
his
leg.
He
must
be
sent
to
hospital
at
once.
At
that
moment,
Paris
suddenly
lost
its
charm(魅力).
“I
don’t
want
to
be
here!
I
shouldn’t
be
here!
I
should
be
home
9
my
kids!”
4.
A.
after
B.
since
C.
though
D.
because
5.
A.
shouted
B.
finished
C.
wrote
D.
answered
6.
A.
ugly
B.
useful
C.
right
D.
bad
7.
A.
hardly
B.
clearly
C.
sadly
D.
truly
8.
A.
danced
B.
broken
C.
thrown
D.
opened
9.
A.
toward
B.
with
C.
under
D.
from
4.
A
5.
D
6.
D
7.
C
8.
B
9.
B
25
We
hurried
back
to
our
hotel
and
then
to
the
airport...
Finally,
we
got
home.
We
rushed
into
our
children’s
bedroom.
Seeing
our
two
children,
I
suddenly
realized
the
truth:
there
is
no
10
sight(风景)in
the
world
than
your
children’s
faces
that
greet
you
at
home.
10.
A.
quieter
B.
richer
C.
sweeter
D.
wider
10.
C
26
Thank
you
for
your
watching