中考英语专题复习之句子种类 课件（30张PPT，无音频）

(共30张PPT)
句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
陈述句
考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否定结构。
???????陈述句用于陈述一件事或表示一种看法，它包括肯定结构和否定结构两种。
在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否定词；否定结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not，除了not外，其他否定词(如：no，hardly，never等)也可以构成否定句。
1.
Mark
is
watching
TV
now.
(改为否定句)
Mark
______________
TV
now.?
2.
Cao
Hua
swims
fastest
in
our
group.
(改为否定句)
Cao
Hua
______________
fastest
in
our
group.
isn’t
watching?
doesn’t
swim
疑问句
???????疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。
考点一：一般疑问句。
???????一般疑问句用yes?或no?来回答，其回答常用简略答语。一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前(有时谓语动词的形式需进行相应变化)。
1.
I
want
to
go
somewhere
quiet
for
my
vacation.
(改为一般疑问句)
____
you
want
to
go
__________
quiet
for
your
vacation?
2.
His
mother
does
well
in
singing
songs.
(改为一般疑问句)
______
his
mother
____
well
in
singing
songs?
Do
anywhere?
Does
do
-Is?the?girl?in?red?your?friend？
-_______．She?is?learning?Chinese?now．
A.
Yes,
it?is?
B.
Yes,
he?is?
C.
Yes,
she?is?
D.
Yes,
she?does
C
考点二：特殊疑问句。
1.?以疑问词开头的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes或no，而要根据实际情况回答。
2.?常用的疑问词有：疑问代词what,
which,
who,
whose,
whom；疑问副词when,
where,
why,
how；疑问词组how
soon,
how
long,
how
far,
how
often,
what
class,
what
time,
what
color,
how
old,
how
many,
how
much等。
3.?特殊疑问句的一般结构是“疑问词(不作主语)
+?一般疑问句?”，但对主语或修饰主语的定语提问时，要用陈述句语序。
1.
The
English
dictionary
is?25
dollars.
(对划线部分提问)
____________
is
the
English
dictionary?
2.
Amy
studied
in
a
university?for
several
years.
(对划线部分提问)
____________
did
Amy
study
in
a
university？
How
much?
How
long
3.
It’s?about
2
kilometers?from
my
home
to
school.
(对划线部分提问)
__________
is
it
from
your
home
to
school?
4.
I’d
like
to
order?a
hamburger
and
an
orange
juice.
(就划线部分提问）
____________
you
like
to
order?
How
far?
What
would
5.
The
girl
will
fly
to
Canada?in
three
days.
(对划线部分提问)
_____________
will
the
girl
fly
to
Canada?
How
soon
6.
--
_____?do?you?go?to?Mrs?Rainbow's?
colour?therapy？
?--Once?every?two?weeks．?
A.
How?often?
B.
How?soon?
C.
How?long?
D.
How?far
7.
---These?shoes?look?cool.
_____are?they?
?
--They?are?on?sale,
only?69dollars.
A.
How?much?B.
How?long?C.
How?many
A
A
8.
---Could?you?tell?me?_____?it?takes?to?
walk?to?the?Disneyland?
?---About?20minutes
A.
how?far?
B.
how?long?
C.
how?often?
D.
how?soon
B
考点三：选择疑问句。
选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答。
My
favorite
color
is
green.
?(用yellow改为选择疑问句)
_____
your
favorite
color
green
______
yellow?????
Is
or
2.
When?you?get?into?trouble,
will?you?
keep?trying?____??give?up?
A.
or?
B.
and
?C.
but?
D.
so
3.
–Bill,
does?your?sister?have?brown?hair?
or?red?hair？?
-?_____．She?takes?after?my?mother.
?
A.
Yes,
she?does
B.
No,
she?doesn't?
C.
Brown?hair?
D.
I?don't?know
A
C
祈使句
考点一：以动词原形开头的肯定的祈使句。
肯定的祈使句多以动词原形开头。有时为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加上do，表示“务必，一定”。有时为了使语气变得委婉、客气，可在句首或句末加上please。
1.
??______?to?smile?at?your?life?when?you?
are?in?trouble,?and?you?will?soon?be?
happy?again.
?
A.?Try??
B.?To?try?????
C.
Trying?????
D.
Tried?
A
2.
_________?your?umbrella,?or?you’ll?
catch?a?cold?on?such?a?rainy?day.??
A.?Take??????
B.?To?take??????
C.?Taking?????
D.?Takes?
A
考点二：在动词原形前加don’t构成否定的祈使句。
1.
Tommy,?_____?play?basketball?in?the?
street?next?time.?You?may?get?hit?by
?
a?car.??
A.
do?????B.?don’t?????C.?must?????D.?mustn’t
B
2.?—_______?run?in?the?hallways,?Mike.????
—Sorry.?
Ms.?Clark.???
A.?Don’t???????B.?Please??????C.?No
A
感叹句
感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末用感叹号。
考点一：what引导的感叹句。
what修饰名词，它引导的感叹句有三种句
型：
1.
What
+
a
/
an
+?形容词?+?单数可数名词(+?主语?+?其他)!
2.
What
+?形容词?+?复数可数名词(+?主语?+?其他)!
3.
What
+?形容词?+?不可数名词(+?主语?+?其他)!
1.
?—It?is?reported?that?cancer?can?be?
controlled?at?a?temperature?lower?
than?110℃?below?zero.?
—Really??____?nice?surprise!???
A.?How???
B.?What?????
C.?What?a????
D.?What?an
C
2.
?—______?weather?it?is!?Shall?we?go?for?
a?picnic??
—?I?can’t?agree?more.?
A.?What?a?good????
B.?What?good???
C.?How?good?the???
?D.?How?good
B
3.
?—Jane?won?the?first?prize?in?the?
English?speech?contest.?
—____________?big?progress?she?has?
made!?She?used?to?be?weak?in?
English.?
A.?How?????
B.?How?a???????????
C.?What???????
D.?What?a?
C
考点二：how引导的感叹句。
how作状语，修饰形容词或副词，它引导的感叹句的句型为：How
+?形容词?/?副词(+?主语?+?其他)!?
1.
?—?Did?you?watch?the?China’s?Military?
Parade?on?TV?????
—?Yes.?____
great?it?was!?
A.?How?????
B.?What?????
C.?How?a???????
D.?What?a
A
2.
?—_____?heavy?the?rainstorm?is!?
—Yes,?the?town?experienced?the?most?
serious?flood?during?the?past?ten?years.?
A.?How?????
B.?What?????
C.?How?a?????
D.?What?a
A