广东人教新课标版英语学科高考题型突破专题复习课教案设计两篇：如何写好广东新高考的读写任务题中的概要部

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广东人教新课标版英语学科高考题型突破专题复习课教案设计1
如何写好广东新高考的读写任务题中的概要部分
Teaching design for “How to write a summary”
1. Knowledge objective:
Have a general idea about summary writing.
2. Ability objectives:
(1) Learn to find key words, key sentences and key points.
(2) Put useful information together logically.
3. Teaching approaches:
Motivations/ Information processing /Cooperative learning.
4. Teaching procedures:
Teaching and learning strategies Activities Ways of learning Aims Guidance
Input Brainstorming Interactionand self-learning Gaining useful information from the passage Interactive activities
Leading in &Presentation
Intake Getting to the steps of writing a summary Cooperative learning Processingknowledge Help the students to command the ways
Summarizing
Output reading Self and cooperative learning Applying knowledge Tips on writing a summary
Getting information
Writing a summary
Evaluation Form filling / Knowing the performance of the class /
Homework:
Required: Try to write a summary of one of the texts we have learned.
Optional: Sum up the ways of writing a summary.
Step1 Brainstorming
What is a summary
A summary is a fairly brief restatement, in your own words, of the main contents.
How to make a summary
Identify the structure;
Find key words;
Find key sentences;
Find the key ideas;
And any ways suggested by the students.
Step2 Leading in
Let’s share opinions on summary writing:
1. May we mainly use the sentences in the original passage
2. May we mainly use our own words
3. May we write it in the first person or the third person
Step3 Presentation
Example 1 （2008年广东高考读写任务）
Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But at the college I need to know some basic life skills, such as balancing a check-book, laundry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.
Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I love it—good facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The student’s Union organizes various parties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.
One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on dance team in college and met a ton of people that way—it was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.
One possible version
The first year of college life was _______ for _______ because he _______________________, which was quite_______from his high school life. However, he soon ________________________and__________________________and thus _________________ there.
Transitional words and phrases: because, which, however, and, thus
At first: the first year of college life/ toughest part/need to know some basic life skills
Then: first semester/got used to the college life/
At last: get himself active in things/enjoyed himself
I think the above includes: when, who, where, cause, process, and outcome, the six elements of a narrative piece.
Now let’s come to another piece!
Example 2
Getting up early has been regard as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. 1Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day. 2If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. 3Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
Key points: Main idea: __________________________________________
Supporting ideas: 1. 2. 3.
Conclusion:
Let’s have a try!
The passage says
The elements of an opinion piece
An opinion piece is one kind of persuasive writing. It is an essay in which the writer expresses an opinion and then explains or defends it.
1. A strong statement of opinion. (the key idea)
Often appears in a single sentence close to the beginning.
2. Support for the opinion. (supporting sentences)
Use facts, general observations, predictions and appeals to the readers’ interests etc.
3. Conclusion.
Key idea: Getting up early /a good habit /of great importance to us all
Supporting sentences:
1. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day.------ a better memory
2. If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier.------- a healthier body
3. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early.---------a better preparation a the day
Conclusion: If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
One possible version:
The passage says getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.
Step4 Summarizing
Step5 Reading, getting information, and writing a summary
Tips for writing a summary
1. Read the passage for overall content and identify the structure.
2. Reread carefully, highlighting the key words, phrases, and sentences.
3. Do not use your own opinion, but be sure to use your own words.
4. In your final draft, insert transitional words and phrases where necessary. Combine sentences for a smooth, logical flow of ideas.
Let’s try it again!
Passage 1（2008年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二））
Announcement
The school board wishes to announce our plans to develop the Southern China International School. In order to build a new computer center, expand the sporting fields and create enough classrooms for 500 additional students, it has been decided that the school library building must be torn down.
This decision has not been an easy one as the library is the oldest and most beautiful building in the school. For many people the library building is a symbol of the long and proud of our school, the place where students were first taught and where all the important school records are stored. It is also one of the few remaining examples of Qing Dynasty building design in the city.
However in order to modernize the school to the standard required by the government and to satisfy the educational demands of parents, students and teachers, we believe there is no other choice. The destruction of the library will not only free up more space needed for the new buildings but it will also allow us to save much money that we currently must spend to repair the library building.
We trust our decision will have the full support of the school community.
_____________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Our school recently announced it is planning to tear down the old library building. They say although the building is historic and important, its removal is necessary for the modernization of the school.
Passage 2（惠州市2008届高三第二次调研考试英语试题）
I am Hilary, a girl who plays the piano, I can still remember on May I took part in my school’s big talent showcase.
Though I was eager to show off my stuff, I had a feeling that I was going to mess up. I tried going over my music in my mind. Still I just knew I would mess up. When it’s my turn to perform, I walked to the piano as calmly as possible, sat down, took a deep breath and played the first part. Then I forgot the next note. I froze.
With determination, I played the beginning again, and froze again. I kept playing the beginning again and again, and messing up. About the fourth time around, the announcer told me to move on to my next song. The crowd in the audience was cheering for me, but I just kept messing up! But I knew the song! Why not keep trying I was determined to get right!
I concentrated, positioned my fingers on the keys and ready to start again. Then I heard my mom’s scream of encouragement. That scream got me going! I tried again. Guess what I finally completed my song! It felt great to finish that song. I went on to the next one and completed it perfectly.
_____________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
When taking part in a showcase, Hilary messed up because of nervousness. But with the determination of herself and encouragement from her mother, she didn’t give up and eventually completed it perfectly.
Homework
Required: Choose one of the texts you have learnt and write a summary about it.
Optional: Sum up the ways of writing a summary.
What makes a good summary
1. A fairly brief restatement, in your own words, of the main contents.
2. A simple report back what the writer has said, no comments needed.
3. Proper use of words and accurate sentence building.
Step6 Form filling
Today we’ve learned how to make a summary and know what a good summary is. I would like to know your performance in class. Please fill in the self assessment in class learning and hand it in after class.
Self assessment in class learning
Name:___________ No.__________ Date:_____________
No. Statements Good So so poor
1. I know what a summary is.
2. I know how to find the topic sentence.
3. I know how to grasp the main points.
4. I know some skills of writing a summary.
5. I can write a smooth summary now.
General comment:______________
Step7 Homework
Required: Choose one of the texts you have learnt and write a summary about it.
Optional: Sum up the ways of writing a summary.
广东人教新课标版英语学科高考题型突破专题复习课教案设计2
如何写好30词的概括summary
一、考纲要求
1．概括的准确性；
2．字数大约30词；
3．不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。
二、难点分析
1．如何迅速、准确地捕捉要点；
2．如何巧妙串连，将要点串成篇章；
3．如何灵活诠释，避免抄袭的嫌疑。
三、解题思路
1．巧妙利用opinion，预测材料内容
读写任务先读后写。那么“读”的材料肯定是与要“写”的材料话题是相同的，至少是相关的。因此，我们可以利用这一关系来进行有效的预测。以下是两个例子。
实例一（阅读材料－议论文）
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. And advanced pupils can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to achieve this goal. [写作内容]1. 用约30词概括短文的内容要点；2. 用约120词就“学校该不该分班”这个主题发表你的看法。
本例中的主题是“学校该不该分班”，那么，我们可以根据这个话题进行如下预测：
(1）阅读材料的论点是什么：该？不该？
(2）论据是什么：该的理由？不该的理由？
(3）如何论证：有无实例？如有，又是什么实例？
这样，心中有了疑问，就好比大海航行有了指南针一样，只要循着这一方向去找，一定能在最短的时间里到达大洋的彼岸－迅速捕捉要点。
此外，当对话题的具体内容感到迷惘时，我们还可以充分利用写作内容2）里的a) b) c)来帮助我们进一步定向。如实例2。
实例二（阅读材料－记叙文）
Once upon a time, there was a king who ruled a rich country. One day, he went for a trip to some distant areas of his country. When he was back to his palace, he complained that his feet were very painful, because it was the first time that he had gone for such a long trip, and the road that he went through was very rough and stony. He then ordered his people to cover road of the entire country with leather. Of course, this would need hundreds of thousands of cows’ skin, and would cost a huge amount of money. Then taking risks of being killed, one of his wise servants dared himself to tell the king, “Why don’t you cover your feet with a piece of leather ” Luckily the king was an open-minded and easily-persuaded man. So though he was surprised, he later agrees to take the suggestion to make a “shoe” for himself. There is actually a valuable lesson in this story: to make this world a happy place to live in, you’d better change yourself—your heart not the world.[写作内容]1. 用约30词概括短文的内容要点；2. 用约120词就“改变世界还是改变自己”为主题写一篇短文，至少包含以下的内容要点；a)你遇到过困难吗？你是如何应对的？b)你认为遇到困难的时候，我们应该改变世界还是改变自己去适应这个世界？为什么
本例中的主题是“改变世界还是改变自己”。那么我们可以分析这一主题：人什么时候需要做出这种选择——改变世界还是改变自己？当然是遇到困难或矛盾时。那么，主人公遇上了什么困难？最终是通过改变世界还是改变自己来解决难题的呢？
至此，还不知道如何预测的同学，不妨再进一步地利用后面的具体内容要点a) b)来预测如下：
1. 原文中主人公遇到（经历）了怎样的困难？
2. 他/她是如何应对的？是改变世界还是改变自己？
与单纯地通过主题/话题来进行预测而言，这一种预测方法（利用写作内容2里的各小点）更适合记叙文体的阅读材料。
2. 分析文章结构，准确捕捉要点
有了“指南针”之后，捕捉短文要点就容易多了。那么，如何才能快速、准确地捕捉到文章的要点呢？
首先，从文体入手。一般来说，读写任务里的阅读材料按文体可以分成两种：议论文和记叙文。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据、论证，文章的整体结构多数为总分结构、分总结构、平行结构等。因此，我们通常可以去第一段或最后一段找论点。
如实例一，论点就在第一段开头找到：Mixed-ability teaching can do good to bright children. On the contrary, streaming students have many disadvantages.
再看实例二，这是一篇记叙文，我们要找出它的四要素：when, where, who, what等。带着这几个问题去找，自然很快就找出来了。
其次，从过渡语入手。如实例一中，Besides就是一个很好的guide, 因为它通常表示并列或递进的关系，它后面的it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability 很明显是讲的是streaming pupils的缺点，那么在它前面必然还有至少一个缺点。再从第一段的disadvantage看起，就可以迅速找出它的另一个缺点，即have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child as they develop differently. 而这就是论据了。第三段一开头，就用了In our classroom， 有具体的地点，那么，一看就知道是在举例了，且举的是Mixed-ability teaching所带来的好处的例子。
3. 理清逻辑关系，选择合适连词
在捕捉到文章的要点之后，接下来就是要理清他们之间的逻辑关系，再找到适当的连接词，自然衔接，使之成为一个连贯的语段。如实例一可以用图表示如下：
____ shouldn’t ____ reasons example
3. 灵活变化表达，适度进行paraphrase
理清要点之间的逻辑关系之后，不能简单地照搬原句，还必须进行适度的paraphrase，即用自己的话进行改写，才符合“不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子”的要求。那么，如何才能达到“雁过不留痕”的效果呢？
(1)同义替换。即用同义或近义的词语或句型改写，如实例一中的 “intellectual ability” 和 “academic ability”就可以用grades(成绩)来替换；grade pupils according to 则可用judge/group pupils by替换； “It does not take into account the fact” 可以变为It fails to consider that…
(2)语态互换。即主语语态与被动语态的转换，如实例二中he later agrees to take the suggestion to…就可以用它的被动语态来表示：he was later persuaded to…
(3)非谓语动词短语与从句的互换。如实例二中there was a king who ruled a rich country就可以用there was a king ruling a rich country来表达。
(4)合并句子。就是将几个意义联系紧密的句子合并为一句话。如实例一中的两个论据①We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. ②Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability.就可改为Streaming pupils not only neglects the different rates of students’ development, but also is unfair for them judging only by their grades.
4. 削“枝”去“叶”，实行精“兵”裁“员”
由于字数有限制，所以在写summary时还应采取一些必要的手段来进行精“兵”裁“员”,减少字数。惯常采用的方法有：
(1)主谓缩写。如they will→they’ll; we are→we’re; should not→shouldn’t; can not→can’t等。
(2)句式省略。如When he crossed the road=when crossing the road. If they’re corrected too much=if corrected too much.
(3)使用代词或含有替代含义的词。如实例二中，有学生会这样写：Once a king wanted to cover the road with leather to protect his feet. A servant advised the king not to cover the road and just make a pair of shoes for himself. Finally the king agreed and made shoes for himself. 这时，我们可以利用代词将其改写如下：Once a king wanted to cover the road with leather to protect his feet, but he was persuaded not to do so. Instead, he made a pair of shoes to achieve the same goal
四、避免误区
1. 要点不齐，“骨” “肉”分离
如实例一中 “学校不该分班”是“骨”，“为什么不该分班”则是“肉”。如果光只写了Streaming pupils shouldn’t be adopted in schools.则为有“骨”无“肉”；如果写成Streaming pupils not only neglects the different rates of students’ development, but also is unfair for them judging. only by their grades.则成了有“肉”无“骨”。这两种写法都属于“骨” “肉”分离的典例。
2. 抄袭原文，穷于变化
在进行summarize的时候，要符合“不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子”的要求。因此，我们一定要在扎实地进行一句多译的题型训练之上，学会利用上面所介绍的方法或是其它方法来对材料中的观点进行适当的诠释，灵活的变化。
3. 不够客观，喧宾夺主
在写summary时，要依照作者的观点，客观地转述其要点，不要强加自己的观点。避免这种嫌疑的最佳方法就是在文首加上这样的字眼：According to the passage/the author…
五、备考策略
1．过好三关
(1)阅读关
首先，要加大阅读量，减少在考试中遇到不熟悉话题的几率。其次，学生还需掌握一定的阅读技巧，对于不同文体的阅读方式要做到心中有数。
(2)表达关
在平时的学习中，一定要巩固单词和固定短语的记忆，灵活运用五种基本句型的，以及复合句、非谓语动词、省略句的使用等等。多进行一句多译的训练，养成用英语写日记的习惯，或一周写几篇作文的习惯，或用英语和同学对一些身边发生的焦点问题进行讨论的习惯等。
(3)书写关
要特别关注自己的书写及卷容。在同等优秀的作文面前，书写工整漂亮，卷面整洁干净的肯定是占绝对优势的。
2. 积累模板
要注意归纳和积累summary中常用的句式或模板。如议论文的概要通常可以如此开头：
The essay/passage/author highlights the importance of encouragement for students.
The essay/passage/author argues in support of …, stating that …
The essay/passage/author argues that we must not only value those who come first or are the best in any field but the others whose effort push them to success.
The essay/passage/author discusses the impact of email.
The essay/passage/author compares friendship with the comfort of home.
The essay/passage/author outlines the harmful effects of smoking.
而记叙文的概要则可以从以下模板中选择：
The passage/story is about a misunderstanding between a student and a teacher.
The author tells us a story about a ________.
The passage is a story about ________.
According to the passage, the hero in the story ________.
总之，我们相信Where there is a will, there is a way. 和Practice makes perfect.不管这种新题型有多难，只要掌握了正确的方法，再以坚韧的毅力勤加操练，那么，我们就一定会写出精美的摘要和优秀的作文来。
附：高中英语写作常用的过渡词语和表达方式：
1．文章及段落起始的过渡词语：to begin with; generally speaking; first of all; in the first
place; in general; generally; in my opinion;
2．文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语：therefore, thus; in conclusion; in brief; to sum up; in a word（注意：要避免在这些短语之前用“so”）
3．常见的表示先后次序的过渡词语：first; second; next; eventually; since then; afterward;
meanwhile; therefore; immediately
4．常见的表示因果关系的过渡词语：accordingly; for this reason; as a result; in this way;
consequently; so; due to; therefore; because of; thus
5．常用于比较和对比的过渡词语：in contrast with; similarly; on the contrary; different from; likewise; equally important; on one hand, on the other hand
6．常用于表示举例的过渡词语：a case in point; for example; that is; for instance
7．有关描写图表的过渡词语：during this time/ period; apart from; compared with; from the
above table/ chart/ graph; on average; below/ above the average; increase/
reduce/ decrease by
8．常用表示强调的过度词语：furthermore; moreover; besides; in fact; indeed; in particular;
what’s more; in addition.
并列关系(and)
因果关系
(because/as)
反证关系
(on the contrary)
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