(共51张PPT)
Unit
13 People
-2-
1.gain
vt.&
vi.&
n.获得;增加;赢得;(钟表)快;收益
[教材原句]Well,knowing
these
things
can
help
you
gain
a
better
sense
of
yourself
as
a
reader,writer
and
thinker,and
you
can
develop
the
tools
to
become
a
better
learner.(P4)了解这些事情可以帮助你获得你自己的作为读者、作家和思想家更好的感觉,并且你可以开发工具以成为更好的学习者。
-3-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Staying
at
home,he
gains
fun
by
watching
these
videos.
②Practising
speaking
in
public,not
only
has
he
improved
his
ability
but
he
has
also
gained
in
more
confidence.
完成句子
③If
we
go
on
a
trip
abroad,we
can
broaden
our
view
and
gain
knowledge
we
cannot
get
from
books.?
如果我们到国外旅行,我们可以开阔我们的眼界,获得我们从书本上无法获取的知识。(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,短文改错)
-4-
考点必记
gain
confidence获得自信
gain
by/from从……中获益
gain
in增长;增加
gain
weight增重
gain
time赢得时间
No
pains,no
gains.不劳无获。
写作佳句
Only
by
working
hard
can
we
at
last
become
successful.Just
as
the
saying
goes,“No
pains,no
gains”.
我们只有通过努力才能最终获得成功,正如谚语所说:“不劳无获。”
-5-
2.concentrate
vi.&
vt.集中(思想、注意力等);使……集中(或集合、聚集)
[教材原句]Concentrate
on
what
is
really
important.(P5)集中注意力于真正重要的内容。
语境巧练
单句填空
①In
this
class,students
concentrate
on/
upon
learning
to
develop
films.?
②Sally
found
it
hard
to
keep
her
concentration
(concentrate)
with
such
a
noise
going
on.
完成句子
③Doctors
are
now
aiming
to
concentrate
more
attention
on
prevention
than
cure.?
医生们现在的目标是更多地关注预防而非治疗。
-6-
考点必记
①concentrate
on/upon
集中于……
concentrate
one’s
attention
on/upon...把某人的注意力集中在……
②concentrated
adj.集中的;浓缩的;全神贯注的
concentration
n.专心;集中(注意力)
写作佳句
Don’t
get
yourself
tired
because
when
you
are
tired,you’ll
find
it
hard
to
concentrate
on
your
study.别让自己太过疲劳,因为你疲劳时,你会发现你难以集中注意力去学习。
-7-
3.associate
vt.联想,联系
[教材原句]Memories
are
stored
through
associating
new
memories
with
old
ones.(P5)记忆是通过将新记忆与旧记忆相关联来被存储起来的。
-8-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Our
manager
is
a
workaholic
and
he
is
always
thoughtful
so
that
you
can’t
associate
failure
with
him.
②The
president
of
the
cooperation
thought
it
necessary
to
associate
itself
(it)
with
this
large
firm.
③His
English
improved
enormously
because
of
his
association
(associate)
with
British
people.
完成句子
④We
are
working
in
association
with
a
number
of
local
companies
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.?
我们与本地一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。
-9-
考点必记
①associate...with....把……和……联系/联想起来
associate
with
sb与某人交往或打交道
associate
oneself
with
sth声称或表示赞成某事
②association
n.协会,联盟,交往,关联,联系,联想
in
association
with与……相联系,与……联合
写作佳句
We
not
only
associate
the
heart
with
livelihood,but
it
is
also
one
of
main
symbols
of
love.我们不仅将心与生活联系起来,而且它也是爱的主要象征之一。
-10-
4.predict
vt.预言,预测,预报
[教材原句]Supported
by
his
academic
research,Professor
Salovey
suggests
that
when
predicting
someone’s
future
success,their
character,as
measured
by
EQ
tests,might
actually
matter
more
than
their
IQ.(P8)基于他学术研究的基础,萨洛维教授指出,要预测一个人未来能否成功,通过情商测验所衡量出的性格,也许比他的智商更为重要。
-11-
语境巧练
单句填空
①It’s
hard
to
predict
(predict)
when
driverless
cars
will
be
everywhere
on
our
roads.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②The
World
Tourism
Organisation
predicts
that
1.6
billion
people,by
2020,will
travel
each
year,spending
over
two
trillion
US
dollars.
③Even
today
when
we
have
modern
science
and
technology,many
natural
disasters
aren’t
yet
predictable
(predict).
完成句子
④It
is
predicted
that
there
will
be
at
least
five
scientific
breakthroughs
in
the
21st
century.?
据预测21世纪将至少出现五项科学突破。
-12-
考点必记
①predict
sth
预测某事
predict
that/what/when...预测……
②predictable
adj.可预见的;意料之中的
prediction
n.预测,预报;预言
写作佳句
It’s
difficult
to
predict
what
the
possible
side
effects
the
new
regulation
will
have.难以预测这一新规可能会带来的负面影响。
-13-
5.deserve
vt.应得,值得
[教材原句]For
example,have
you
ever
wondered
why
some
of
the
smartest
students
in
your
class,who
you
think
deserve
good
grades,sometimes
end
up
failing
exams?(P8)例如,你是否曾有过这样的困惑:为什么班里有些你认为应该得到好分数的最聪明的学生却难过考试关?
-14-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Mike
and
Maria,you’ve
been
working
all
the
morning.I
think
you
really
deserve
to
have
(have)a
rest.?
②All
these
heroes
deserve
respecting/
to
be
respected
(respect)
because
they
have
all
done
something
great
to
us
all.?
③Congratulations
again
on
your
promotion.You
deserve
it.
完成句子
④It’s
true
that
she
made
a
serious
mistake,but
she
hardly
deserves
to
lose
her
job.?
她的确犯了一个严重的错误,但她不应该被解雇。
-15-
考点必记
①deserve
sth
应得到……
deserve
it理应得到
deserve
doing/to
be
done值得做
deserve
to
do应该做……;理应做……
deserve
attention/consideration值得注意/考虑
②deserving
adj.值得的;应得的
名师点津
①deserve不用于进行时态。
②deserve
doing/to
be
done意义和be
worth
doing相近,而deserve
to
do意义则与should
do/be
supposed
to
do相近。
-16-
6.desire
n.渴望,欲望 v.渴望,想要
[教材原句]Tour
guides
need
to
be
independent,outgoing
and
have
a
desire
to
share
information.(P10)导游需要独立、外向,并渴望分享信息。
-17-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
desire
to
live
(live)
a
meaningful
life
is
universal.To
some
people,it’s
working
toward
a
goal.?
②An
interviewee’s
answer
that
shows
a
desire
to
improve
behavior
and
continuously
learn
and
grow
is
important.
③More
than
2,000
years
ago,our
ancestors,driven
by
a
desire
for
friendship,opened
the
Silk
Roads,starting
a
great
era
of
exchanges
among
civilizations.
完成句子
④Music
can
help
you
smooth
out
the
way
you
pronounce
different
words,and
also
give
you
a
better
grasp
of
the
English
accent
you
desire
to
learn.?
音乐帮助你顺畅地把不同单词的音发出来,而且更准确地掌握你渴望学到的英语腔调。
-18-
考点必记
①desire
for
sth渴望得到某物
have
a
desire
to
do/for
sth有做/要某物的欲望/愿望
desire
to
do
sth想做某事
desire
sb
to
do
sth想让某人做某事
if
desired如果想要的话
desire
that
sb
(should)+v.要求某人做……
②desirable
adj.可取的,值得拥有的,值得做的
desirous
adj.渴望的,希望的
写作佳句
With
the
summer
holiday
approaching,the
mother
desires
her
son
should
return.暑假临近,那位妈妈希望她儿子能回来。
-19-
7.shelter
n.居所,住处;遮蔽;避难处 vi.掩蔽;躲避
[教材原句]They
might
be
sheltering
in
a
cave.(P12)他们也许躲在一个洞穴里。
语境巧练
单句填空
①...you’ll
need
a
warm,sheltered
(shelter)
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it...(2016·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)
②She
told
me
that
some
of
the
children
lived
with
an
older
lady
in
a
shelter
while
others
slept
on
the
streets.(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)
完成句子
③During
my
childhood,I
used
to
sit
under
the
big
tree
before
my
house,sheltering
from
the
sun.?
童年时,我常坐在屋前的大树下遮阳。
-20-
考点必记
①shelter
sb
from
sb/sth给某人/某物提供庇护处;保护某人/某事物
take
shelter
from
the
rain/wind/bad
weather躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气
shelter...from...保护……不受……的破坏
a
bus
shelter公共汽车站的候车亭
②sheltered
adj.有遮蔽物的
-21-
8.relief
n.宽慰,轻松,解脱;减轻,消除;缓和;救济品
[教材原句]It’ll
be
a
real
relief
when
they’re
found.(P12)找到他们将真正是令人宽慰的事。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Whatever
it
is,make
sure
it’s
a
relief
from
daily
stress
rather
than
another
thing
to
worry
about.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)
②A
bright
red
cloud
enveloped
the
animal,and
to
Mac’s
relief,it
fell
back,shaking
its
head.(2017·浙江卷,读后续写)
③Relieved
(relief),I
sat
back
in
an
easy
chair
and
fell
asleep.(2016·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)
完成句子
④My
father’s
own
story
relieved
me
from
anxiety.?
我父亲自己的经历消除了我的忧虑。
-22-
考点必记
①(much)to
one’s
relief
令某人感到(非常)宽慰/庆幸的是
a
sense
of
relief一种解脱感
give
a
patient
relief
from
pain使病人减轻痛苦
②relieve
sb
from
anxiety消除某人的忧虑
relieve
sb
of...解除某人的……(如负担、痛苦等)
写作佳句
It
was
a
relief
and
I
came
to
a
sudden
stop
just
in
the
middle
of
the
road.
这是一件令人宽慰的事,我就在路中间突然停了下来。
-23-
9.confirm
v.证实
[教材原句]After
confirming
that
I
was,Jenny
said
that
she
had
noticed
I’d
left
my
book
in
the
library
and
as
my
name
was
in
it,she’d
asked
a
librarian
to
get
my
phone
number
from
their
files.(P14)在确定是我以后,詹妮说她发现我把书留在了图书馆,因为书上有我的名字,她让图书管理员从档案中找到了我的电话号码。
-24-
语境巧练
单句填空
①It
has
been
confirmed
that
the
lost
baby
has
been
found.
②The
survey
collects
large
quantities
of
confirmed
(confirm)
data,proving
the
influence
the
behavior
has
on
a
teenager’s
growth.
③Many
people
have
claimed
to
have
seen
the
alien
which
is
not
confirmable/confirmed
(confirm).
完成句子
④Before
handing
in
our
work,our
maths
teacher
always
reminds
us
to
confirm
that
all
the
answers
are
correct.?
交作业前,我们数学老师总是提醒我们确认所有答案都是正确的。
-25-
考点必记
①confirm
that...
确认……
it
has
been
confirmed
that...已经确定……
confirm
sb
in
one’s
belief
that...某人更加坚定……
②confirmation
n.证实,确认书
confirmable
adj.可证实的
confirmed
adj.习惯的,根深蒂固的,得到确认的
写作佳句
The
expression
on
his
face
confirmed
me
in
my
belief
that
he
must
have
had
an
excellent
performance
in
the
final.他脸上的表情让我更加坚信他在决赛中表现一定十分出色。
-26-
10.account
n.(银行)账户;说明,描述,理由 v.解释,导致,把……视为
[教材原句]As
an
experienced
accountant,my
father
has
gained
the
respect
of
his
colleagues.(P15)作为一位经验丰富的会计师,我父亲已经得到同事的尊重。
-27-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Cars
account
for
half
the
oil
consumed
in
the
US,about
half
the
urban
pollution
and
one
fourth
of
the
greenhouse
gases.
②To
make
your
final
decision,you
should
take
into
account
many
other
factors.
完成句子
③Taking
no
account
of
the
possible
problems,their
plan
failed
at
last.?
没有考虑到可能遇到的问题,他们的计划最终失败了。
④Whatever
happens,on
no
account
should
you
break
your
promise.?
无论发生什么事,你都绝不应该不信守承诺。
-28-
考点必记
①open
an
account开户头
on
account
of因为……理由
on
no
account绝不
take...into
account=take
...into
consideration考虑……
take
no
account
of不考虑
account
for占;足以说明,导致
②accountant
n.会计,会计师
名师点津
①on
no
account表示“绝不”,放在句首句子使用部分倒装结构。
②account
for表示“导致”时类似于make
for,contribute
to,lead
to,result
in等。
-29-
11.devote
vt.投身于;献身于,专心致志于(与介词to连用)
[教材原句]She
devotes
a
lot
of
her
time
to
caring
the
neighbours.(P17)
她把大量的时间都用在照顾邻居上。
语境巧练
单句填空
①But
we
do
think
that
you
can
live
a
more
powerful
life
when
you
devote
some
of
your
time
and
energy
to
something
much
larger
than
yourself.(2016·四川卷,阅读理解B篇)
②Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
helping
(help)
others
rebuild.(2016·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)
完成句子
③Devoted
to
developing
the
core
technology,the
team
kept
researching
and
discussing.Their
efforts
paid
off
at
last.?
该团队致力于开发核心技术,不断进行研究和讨论,最终他们的努力得到了回报。
-30-
考点必记
①devote...to
(doing)
sth
把……奉献给……,把……用于……
devote
oneself
to
(doing)
sth致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth献身于(做)某事,专心于(做)某事
②devotion
n.关爱;奉献;专心
devoted
adj.忠诚的,全心全意的
写作佳句
China
is
using
her
One
Belt
and
One
Road
Initiatives
to
be
devoted
to
benefiting
the
whole
mankind.中国正在用其“一带一路”倡议致力于造福全人类。
-31-
12.wonder
v.想知道;感到惊讶 n.惊讶,惊叹;奇迹;奇才
语境巧练
单句填空
①—I’m
moving
in
a
few
days
and
I
wonder
if/whether
you
could
help.
—You
bet.Just
let
me
know
when,and
I’ll
be
there.(2018·天津卷,单项填空)
②Wondering
(wonder)
how
my
mum
could
consume
them
so
quickly,I
began
observing
her
daily
routine
for
two
weeks.(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)
-32-
③When
most
people
think
of
the
arts,they
imagine
the
end
product,the
beautiful
painting,a
wonderful
(wonder)
piece
of
music,or
an
award-winning
performance
in
the
theater.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
完成句子
④It’s
a
wonder
that
the
young
man
has
made
a
breakthrough
in
correspondence.?
令人惊奇的是那个年轻人在通信方面取得了突破。
-33-
考点必记
①wonder
if/whether...想知道是否……
wonder
at
sth
对某事感到吃惊
(It’s)
no
wonder...难怪……,……不足为奇
It’s
a
wonder
that...令人惊奇的是……
wonder
about想弄明白某事,想知道某事
②wonderful
adj.精彩的
wonderfully
adv.精彩地
写作佳句
Bill
is
an
optimistic
person.It’s
no
wonder
whenever
we
see
him,he
always
wears
a
smile
on
his
face.
比尔是个乐观的人,难怪无论什么时候我们见到他,他都面带微笑。
-34-
13.can’t
help
doing
sth禁不住做某事
[教材原句]I
couldn’t
help
laughing
at
this
and
I
invited
her
back
to
my
apartment
for
a
quick
cup
of
tea.(P14)听了这话我忍不住笑了,然后我邀请她去我家喝杯茶。
-35-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Travelling
on
the
high-speed
train,we
couldn’t
help
admiring
(admire)
the
rapid
development
of
our
motherland.
②Dad
is
always
very
busy,and
he
can’t
help
do
(do)
the
housework,even
at
weekends.
③Looking
back,he
couldn’t
help
but
wonder
(wonder)
whether
he
could
have
been
admitted
to
a
top
university
if
he’d
studied
diligently.
完成句子
④Watching
the
competition,Mr.Brown
couldn’t
help
but
feel
a
sense
of
pride
for
his
former
teammate.?
看着比赛,布朗先生禁不住为他前队友感到骄傲。
-36-
考点必记
(can’t)
help
(to)
do
sth
(不能)帮忙做某事
cannot
help
but
do
sth禁不住做某事
cannot
choose
but
do
sth不得不做某事
can’t
help
(it)
没有办法,控制不了
have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth除了做某事以外别无选择
help
sb
with
sth帮助某人某事
help
sb
(to)
do
sth帮助某人做某事?
名师点津
can’t
help
doing和can’t
help
but
do均表示“情不自禁做……”,注意后面动词的形式不同。
-37-
14.it’s...that...强调结构
[教材原句]At
work,it
is
IQ
that
gets
you
hired
but
it
is
EQ
that
gets
you
promoted.(P8)在职场上,一个人的智商决定了你能否被录用,而情商则决定了你能否得到提拔。
语境巧练
完成句子
①It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.(2017·天津卷,单项填空)
②It
is
the
ocean
that
makes
Rockaway
so
special...(2016·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)
句型改写
③For
that
reason
the
boss
refused
my
proposal.(改为强调句)
It
was
for
that
reason
that
the
boss
refused
my
proposal.?
-38-
考点必记
①英语中对除了谓语以外的成分进行强调时,可以使用it’s...that...结构。
②被强调部分是人时,可以用it’s...that/who...结构。
写作佳句
It’s
how
we
fight
for
our
dream
not
what
will
achieve
that
matters.是我们如何为梦想而奋斗,而不是我们获得什么成就更为重要。
-39-
15.It
is
generally
believed
that...句型
[教材原句]It
is
generally
believed
that
people
with
high
EQs
are
open
to
new
ideas
and
have
positive
attitudes
towards
life.(P9)人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,并对生活持积极态度。
语境巧练
单句填空
①It’s
generally
believed
that
teaching
is
an
art
just
like
acting.
完成句子
②It’s
generally
believed
that
education
can
make
a
difference
to
a
person’s
life.?
人们普遍相信教育能对一个人的人生产生影响。
③It’s
generally
thought
that
EQ
is
more
important
than
IQ.?
人们普遍认为EQ比IQ更重要。
-40-
考点必记
①句中It
is
generally
believed
that...是一个常用句型,表示“人们通常相信……;人们普遍认为……”。句中的that
引导的从句是句子真正的主语,it为形式主语。它相当于People
generally
believe
that...。
②类似地,动词guess,think,suppose,accept等动词也可用于此结构。
写作佳句
It’s
generally
believed
that
staying
up
does
harm
to
our
health.人们普遍相信熬夜对我们健康有害。
-41-
16.A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.句型
[教材原句]The
results
of
studies
such
as
these
show
that
EQ
is
as
important,if
not
more
important
than
IQ.(P9)这类研究结果表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,也至少与智商同样重要。
语境巧练
单句填空
①A
good
attitude
is
as
beneficial
(beneficial),if
not
more
beneficial
than
hard
work.
完成句子
②I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
respectful
profession,without
going
to
college,and
be
just
as
good
as,if
not
better
than,my
competitors.?
我想证明,不上大学我就能自学一门受人尊重的职业,并且,不比我的竞争对手好的话,也至少和他们一样好。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
-42-
考点必记
“A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.”表示“即使A不比B更……,也至少与它同样……”。其中,if
not...than实际上是一个省略的条件状语从句。
名师点津
该句型和“A
is
as...as,if
not...than,B.”意义相同,注意标点符号的使用不同。
-43-
17.it做形式宾语,后跟宾语从句
[教材原句]I
really
dislike
it
when
he
eats
garlic
for
lunch.(P11)我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
a
message
for
him.
完成句子
②I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.?
我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行会话。(2016·天津卷,单项填空)
-44-
考点必记
①句中it为形式宾语,后面when引导的是一个宾语从句。
②在表示喜好的动词like,dislike,hate,enjoy及appreciate,rely
on,depend
on等动词(短语)后跟宾语从句时,结构和dislike相同,常先用it做形式宾语,再将宾语从句放在后面。
写作佳句
Don’t
rely
on
it
that
somebody
can
always
help
you.You
should
learn
to
be
independent.别指望有人总是会帮助你,你应该学会独立。
-45-
18.if
anything句型
[教材原句]If
anything,it
made
me
even
angrier.(P14)如果说有什么不同的话,只会平添我几分怒气。
语境巧练
完成句子
The
greatness
has
little,if
anything,to
do
with
rank
or
power.?
如果有什么不同的话,真正的伟大几乎和权力与地位毫无关系。
考点必记
句中的if
anything是一个省略句,表示“如果有什么不同的话”。
写作佳句
If
anything,he
can
now
face
difficulty
more
bravely.要说有什么不同的话,他现在能更加勇敢地面对困难。
-46-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Being
liked
creates
opportunities
for
learning
and
for
new
kinds
of
life
experiences
that
help
somebody
gain
(gain)
an
advantage
(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)
2.Just
as
importantly,we
tend
to
associate
(associate)
fresh
air
with
health
care.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
3.Publishers
already
in
business,people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,had
little
desire
to
change
(change)
the
tradition.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
4.I’m
secretly
relieved
(relief)
because
I
know
there’s
real
power
in
sharing
volunteer
responsibilities
among
many.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
-47-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
5.Before
choices
are
finalised,parents/carers
will
be
asked
to
sign
to
confirm
(confirm)
their
child’s
choices.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
6.The
printer
is
of
good
quality.If
it
should
break
down
within
the
first
year,we
would
repair
it
at
our
expense.
7.When
the
father
asked
his
daughter
what
she
was
doing,she
smiled
guiltily
(guilty).
8.Now
some
people
make
predictions
(predict)
about
the
future
and
some
even
make
a
living
by
doing
so.
9.On
our
way
to
the
house,it
was
raining
so
hard
that
we
couldn’t
help
wondering
(wonder)
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
there.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
-48-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Since
our
school
attaches
great
importance
to
this
game,I
hope
we
can
devote
ourselves
to
become
a
stronger
team
and
beat
our
opponent.
become→becoming
2.When
the
girl
saw
the
beautiful
dress
from
the
window,she
couldn’t
help
stop
and
entering
the
shop
to
try
it
on.
stop→stopping
3.Eating
too
much
every
day,she
ends
up
put
on
weight
again.
put→putting
4.It
had
been
known
for
a
long
time
that
Yellowstone
was
volcanic
in
nature—that’s
what
accounted
with
all
its
hot
springs
and
other
steamy
features.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)with→for
-49-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
5.I’m
not
talking
about
those
who
fail
get
to
the
top.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)get前加to
6.At
last
we
got
to
a
Russian
town.To
our
relieve,they
spoke
English.
relieve→relief
7.The
economic
impact
of
the
arts
is
often
overlooked
and
badly
judge.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读)judge→judged
8.There
is
no
wonder
that
Fred
looks
so
tired.He
stayed
up
until
twelve
last
night.
There→It
9.Remember
to
keep
the
fish
separate
the
other
food.
separate后加from
10.And
I’ve
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lies
within
books
are
limitless.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)lies→lie
-50-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.在我所有的老师中,毫无疑问我的化学老师李老师是我最喜欢的老师。(there
is
no
doubt
that)
2.你越是了解他,你就将越是发现他容易相处。(the+比较级,the+比较级)
3.就是他教会我去渴求知识。(强调句型)
4.李老师就是这样一个我将永远尊敬的好老师。(such...that)
-51-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
Of
all
my
teachers,there
is
no
doubt
that
my
chemistry
teacher
Mr
Lee
is
my
favorite
one.I
am
really
grateful
to
him
for
teaching
me
so
much.
Mr
Lee
is
very
ordinary
in
terms
of
appearance.Although
only
in
his
early
forties,he
has
some
wrinkles
on
his
forehead.People
are
often
mistaken
in
thinking
that
he
is
a
serious
man,but
the
more
you
get
to
know
him,the
more
you’ll
find
him
easy
to
get
along
with.
It
is
he
who
teaches
me
to
have
a
desire
for
knowledge.He
always
says
that
failure
is
nothing
and
he
never
judges
a
student
by
his
academic
performance.It
is
he
who
teaches
us
to
be
hardworking.Sometimes
he
is
so
devoted
to
his
work
that
we
can’t
help
worrying
about
his
health.
Mr
Lee
is
such
a
great
teacher
that
I
will
respect
him
forever.限时规范练25
Unit
13
People
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、前沿科技的素养能力意识
限时规范练第50页 ?
一、阅读理解
A
Biorobotics
is
a
field
within
robotic
science
that
is
based
on
the
movements
of
living
things.The
most
famous
biorobots
look
and
move
a
lot
like
humans.However,there
are
several
robots
that
have
been
made
to
mimic
(模仿)
animals.While
many
companies
develop
such
robots
as
toys,some
are
used
for
practical
purposes.
One
example
of
a
biorobot
is
a
flying
robot
that
is
based
on
the
movements
of
bees.The
robot,named
“Carlton”,was
developed
by
the
German
Research
Center
for
Artificial
Intelligence.Built
to
be
both
light
and
powerful,it
can
hover
like
a
bee
in
tight
spaces
and
also
change
direction
without
losing
speed.This
robot’s
abilities
make
it
very
useful
for
military
and
police
search
and
rescue
missions.For
example,Carlton
can
hide
behind
a
tall
wall,rise
up
to
quickly
look
at
what
is
on
the
other
side,and
then
hide
again.It
can
also
send
video
images
of
what
it
sees
to
soldiers
in
a
safe
location
far
away.
“Modsnake”
is
a
robot
that
was
modeled
on
snakes.This
robot
was
developed
by
the
Carnegie
Mellon
University
Biorobotics
Lab.It
is
made
to
move
like
a
snake,so
it
can
pass
through
narrow
spaces,move
over
all
sorts
of
obstacles,climb
poles,and
even
swim.The
way
Modsnake
moves
makes
it
useful
for
a
variety
of
tasks
such
as
checking
for
survivors
in
fallen
buildings,finding
damaged
areas
inside
of
pipes
and
cleaning
up
oil
spills
in
lakes
and
rivers.
A
third
robot,based
on
cockroaches,also
has
several
uses.“Sprawl”
was
designed
by
a
research
team
at
Stanford
University
to
take
videos
and
recover
small
objects.Like
many
six-legged
robots,Sprawl
was
made
to
move
like
an
insect.However,Sprawl
is
uncommonly
fast
and
strong
for
its
size,just
like
a
real
cockroach.These
characteristics
make
it
particularly
useful
for
military
situations
in
which
an
enemy
might
try
to
disable
it.It
is
very
difficult
to
shoot
because
it
moves
quickly
and
is
relatively
small.Even
if
an
enemy
shoots
Sprawl,it
can
usually
keep
functioning.
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了三款模仿动物研发的机器人。
1.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.Biorobots’
military
uses.
B.Biorobots
based
on
animals.
C.Biorobots’
flying
abilities.
D.Biorobots
that
work
like
humans.
答案B
解析主旨大意题。由第一段中的“thereareseveralrobotsthathavebeenmadetomimicanimals”以及文中对Carlton,Modsnake和Sprawl的描述可知,本文主要介绍了三款模仿动物而研发的机器人。
2.What’s
the
characteristic
of
Carlton?
A.Unbreakable.
B.Changeable.
C.Weighty.
D.Swift.
答案D
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Builttobebothlightandpowerful...changedirectionwithoutlosingspeed”和“Carltoncanhidebehindatallwall,riseuptoquicklylookatwhatisontheotherside,andthenhideagain”可知,Carlton很轻便,可以像蜜蜂一样在狭小的空间盘旋,而且动作很敏捷。
3.What
does
the
author
suggest
about
Modsnake?
A.It
has
six
legs.
B.It
can
be
dangerous.
C.It
is
multi-functional.
D.It
moves
like
an
insect.
答案C
解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“itcanpassthroughnarrowspaces,moveoverallsortsofobstacles,climbpoles,andevenswim”和“usefulforavarietyoftasks...cleaningupoilspillsinlakesandrivers”可知,Modsnake可以通过狭窄的空间,翻越各种障碍物,攀爬电线杆,甚至可以游泳,它的行动方式使得它可以参与很多任务,由此可推断,Modsnake用途广泛。
B
The
American
writer
J.D.Salinger
is
known
for
his
reclusive
(隐居的)
nature.He
has
not
given
an
interview
since
1974,or
published
any
new
work
since
1965.Salinger’s
entire
published
works
consist
of
one
novel
and
13
short
stories,all
written
in
the
period
1948-1959.In
1997,a
rumour
started
that
Salinger
was
going
to
bring
out
the
first
book
version
of
his
last
published
story.Fans
became
very
excited.However,because
of
the
publicity,Salinger
quickly
receded
from
the
arrangement.
Ironically
(讽刺地)
for
a
future
writer,when
he
was
at
college
one
of
his
professors
insisted
he
was
the
worst
English
student
in
the
history
of
the
college.Before
writing
his
famous
book,he
had
only
published
a
few
short
stories
in
magazines.
Salinger
established
his
reputation
with
a
single
novel,TheCatcherintheRye
(1951),an
immediate
bestseller
which
still
sells
250,000
copies
per
year.The
main
character,Holden
Caulfield,is
a
sensitive,rebellious
(叛逆的)
teenager
experiencing
the
growing
pains
of
high
school.
Salinger
did
not
do
much
to
help
publicise
his
masterpiece
and
asked
that
his
photograph
should
not
be
used
in
connection
with
it.The
public
attention
which
followed
the
success
of
the
book
led
him
to
move
from
New
York
to
the
faraway
hills
of
Cornish,New
Hampshire.Since
the
late
1960s
he
has
tried
to
escape
publicity.In
1974
he
told
a
reporter
that
he
liked
to
write
but
that
he
wrote
for
himself
and
his
own
pleasure.
Later,he
tried
to
stop
the
publication
of
a
biography
which
included
letters
he
had
written
to
other
authors
and
friends.In
2000
his
daughter
published
a
biography.In
it
she
stated
her
father
was
not
a
recluse.She
said
he
travelled
often
and
had
friends
all
over
the
world.She
added
that
he
enjoyed
being
with
people
and
was
friendly
except
where
publicity
and
celebrity
are
concerned.
Salinger
refused
to
sell
the
movie
rights
to
any
of
his
stories
to
Hollywood
and
would
not
allow
any
of
his
works
to
be
involved
with
film.
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。美国著名作家J.D.塞林格坚持着隐居避世主义,他留下了一部经典著作《麦田里的守望者》,本文介绍了他的艺术成就和处世哲学。
4.What
does
the
underlined
word
“receded”
in
Paragraph
1
mean?
A.Suffered.
B.Benefited.
C.Recovered.
D.Withdrew.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。由第一段中的“J.D.Salingerisknownforhisreclusivenature”和“Fansbecameveryexcited”以及“However,becauseofthepublicity”可知,J.D.塞林格喜欢隐居的生活,不喜欢受到公众的追捧,所以当活动公开后,他就打退堂鼓了,不想参加活动安排。
5.What
can
be
inferred
about
J.D.Salinger
when
he
was
in
college?
A.He
was
locally
well-known.
B.He
didn’t
do
well
in
his
studies.
C.He
was
deeply
interested
in
world
history.
D.He
was
greatly
influenced
by
his
professors.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“oneofhisprofessorsinsistedhewastheworstEnglishstudentinthehistoryofthecollege”可知,J.D.塞林格在大学时期,学习表现不佳。
6.What
do
we
learn
about
TheCatcherintheRye?
A.It
focuses
on
a
teenager’s
psychological
growth.
B.It
received
a
great
deal
of
criticism.
C.It
brought
Salinger
much
trouble.
D.It
still
tops
the
best-seller
list.
答案A
解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“Themaincharacter,HoldenCaulfield,isasensitive,rebelliousteenagerexperiencingthegrowingpainsofhighschool”可知,J.D.塞林格的《麦田里的守望者》主要讲述青少年HoldenCaulfield的惶惑和成长的痛苦。
7.Why
did
J.D.Salinger
move
to
New
Hampshire?
A.To
work
on
a
report.
B.To
avoid
public
attention.
C.To
advertise
his
new
book.
D.To
return
to
his
birthplace.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“Thepublicattention...ledhimtomove...tothefarawayhillsofCornish,NewHampshire”和“Sincethelate1960shehastriedtoescapepublicity”可知,J.D.塞林格从纽约搬到新罕布什尔州是为了避免惹人注意。
二、七选五
I
finished
training
as
a
nurse
in
Auckland
and
I
was
expecting
to
get
a
job
in
a
small
hospital
somewhere.But
then
a
friend
told
me
about
Volunteer
Now.I’d
always
wanted
to
go
to
an
African
country
and
use
my
nursing
skills
to
help
people.And
here
was
a
chance
to
do
that,so
I
decided
to
apply. 1
I
got
one
hospital
to
sponsor
me
and
then
I
borrowed
some
money
from
the
bank.?
So
I
went
to
Madagascar
and
joined
a
team
of
people
working
with
a
local
supervisor. 2 ?
By
going
round
villages,we
taught
basic
ways
to
improve
hygiene
(卫生)
and
to
avoid
catching
diseases.For
example,we
gave
instruction
about
how
to
avoid
catching
malaria
(疟疾)
and
distributed
mosquito
nets
to
some
of
the
homes.I
think
we
did
some
good.I
hope
so
anyway.
3
I
was
suddenly
in
a
completely
different
culture,teaching
people
who
had
such
a
different
lifestyle
from
my
own.It
made
a
big
difference
to
the
way
I
see
the
world.And
I
also
made
some
very
good
friends
out
there,both
local
people
and
the
other
volunteers. 4 ?
After
I
came
back,I
got
accepted
straight
away
for
a
job
at
the
university
hospital. 5
I’m
sure
I
wouldn’t
have
managed
to
do
that
if
I
hadn’t
worked
in
Madagascar
and
got
this
practical
experience.?
A.We
set
up
a
program
there.
B.I
also
got
a
lot
from
this
program.
C.It
is
one
of
the
best
hospitals
in
Auckland.
D.So
I’d
recommend
Volunteer
Now
to
anyone.
E.I
failed
to
take
the
opportunity
though
I
could.
F.I
had
to
raise
$500
before
I
went,but
that
was
quite
easy.
G.We
had
such
good
times
together
and
we’ve
kept
in
touch
since
then.
答案与解析
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加志愿者医疗队的经历。
1.F 后一句讲的是作者如何筹到经费,而与经费相关的是F项。
2.A 该空前谈到作者去了马达加斯加并加入了一个医疗队,该空后讲到作者所在的医疗队教人们改善卫生和预防疾病的基本方法,A项在此承上启下。
3.B 本段讲述了这段经历给“我”带来的益处,故选B项。
4.G 该空前讲到“我”跟一些当地人和其他志愿者成了好朋友,G项承接上文,说明“我们”的相处情况和后续发展。
5.C C项中的oneofthebesthospitals与上文theuniversityhospital相照应,说明这家医院的情况。
三、语法填空
While
most
cloning
techniques
are
still
carried
out
within
laboratories,there
is
a
commercial
industry
that
exists
to
produce
clones
of
animals.
Utah
State
University,1.
example,is
cloning
cows.“Cloning
is
an
excellent
way
to
help
endangered
species,promote
disease
resistance,or
even
increase
milk
production
if
the
technique
2.
(apply)
in
a
proper
way,”
the
academic
institution
states.?
3.
is
also
possible
to
clone
your
pet,for
a
fee.You
probably
have
heard
the
news
4.
one
couple
in
the
UK
spent
￡67,000
on
cloning
their
dead
dog
after
5.
(send)
the
DNA
to
a
company
in
South
Korea.The
cloned
puppies
were
shipped
to
the
UK.?
US
company
ViaGen
claims
to
be
“6.
most
reliable
animal
cloning
company
in
America”
and
is
able
to
clone
horses,livestock
—
including
cows,pigs,sheep
and
goats
—
as
well
as
pets.ViaGen
has
cloned
thousands
of
animals
during
7.
(it)
15
years.“Our
cloned
pets
are
‘normal
8.
(health)
puppies
and
kittens’,”
the
company
says.?
“The
process
of
cloning
a
pet
from
start
to
finish
can
take
eight
to
twelve
9.
(month),”
the
company
states.“This
is
due
to
the
time
it
takes
10.
(create)
the
embryo,the
60-62
days
for
the
dog
or
cat
to
experience
a
normal
pregnancy,aftercare
of
the
puppy
or
kitten
before
it’s
given
to
the
pet
owner.”?
答案与解析
1.for 考查介词。forexample意为“例如”。
2.is
applied 考查一般现在时的被动语态。thetechnique与apply之间是被动关系,设空处所在句为if引导的条件状语从句,由主句时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填isapplied。
3.It 考查it的用法。设空处做形式主语,真正的主语是tocloneyourpet,故填It。
4.that 考查连接词。设空处引导同位语从句,说明news的具体内容,又因从句成分及意义均完整,故填that。
5.sending 考查动词-ing形式做宾语的用法。设空处做介词after的宾语,又因onecouple与send之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填sending。
6.the 考查定冠词。由语境可知,此处表示“美国最可靠的动物克隆公司”,形容词最高级前用定冠词,故填the。
7.its 考查代词。设空处限定15years,故填its(它的)。
8.healthy 考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰puppiesandkittens,由normal以及语境可知,此处表示“健康的”,故填healthy。
9.months 考查名词复数。设空处做宾语,由eighttotwelve可知,此处应用名词复数,故填months。
10.to
create 考查不定式做补语的用法。taketimetodosth.意为“花时间做某事”。
1限时规范练26
Unit
13
People
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、服务社会的思维意识
限时规范练第52页 ?
一、阅读理解
A
Wanda
Butts
dropped
the
phone
and
screamed
when
she
heard
the
news
that
her
son
was
dead.
Josh
had
drowned
while
sailing
on
a
lake
with
his
friends.The
16-year-old
didn’t
know
how
to
swim,and
he
wasn’t
wearing
a
life
jacket.
Josh
was
not
alone
in
the
black
community.According
to
USA
Swimming,70%
of
African-American
children
cannot
swim.According
to
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention,African-American
children
between
the
ages
of
5
and
14
are
three
times
more
likely
to
drown
than
white
children
in
the
same
age
range.
In
2007,Butts
started
the
Josh
Project,a
non-profit
project
that
provides
low-cost
swimming
lessons
for
children
in
Toledo,Ohio.The
swimming
lessons
take
place
at
a
local
high
school
over
four
Saturdays
for
a
total
cost
of
$10.
To
date,the
Josh
Project
has
helped
more
than
1,000
children
learn
how
to
swim.
“The
public
pools
near
our
home
were
closed,and
other
places
were
not
affordable,”
said
Lisa
Haynes,whose
14-year-old
son,Joshua,is
one
of
60-plus
students
in
the
Josh
Project
this
summer.
“I
am
less
worried
if
Joshua
is
near
water
because
he
has
the
basics
of
how
to
swim,”
Haynes
said.“And
we’re
thankful
for
that.”
Butts
is
doing
much
more,however,than
just
providing
swimming
lessons.
“She
ups
the
awareness,”
said
Shaun
Anderson,a
swimming
coach
who
was
so
inspired
by
her
story
that
he
created
a
Josh
Project
swimming
program
at
Norfolk
State
University.“Once
these
communities
learn
how
to
swim,they
will
pass
it
down,which
results
in
future
generations
that
know
how
to
swim.”
Butts
said
she
has
two
wishes
for
the
future:One
is
to
change
the
drowning
numbers
of
African-American
children,and
the
other
is
to
have
a
swimming
center
where
the
children
can
swim
daily
instead
of
just
once
a
week.
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。因为一次溺水事件失去儿子的WandaButts创建了一个教非裔美国儿童学习游泳的非营利组织。
1.WhatledtoJosh’sdrowning?
A.Hewasnevertaughtswimmingskills.
B.Hewaspoorinboatingskills.
C.Hegavehislifejackettoafriend.
D.Hewascarelesswhenswimminginthelake.
答案A
解析细节理解题。由第二段可知,因为不会游泳且未穿救生衣,Josh在湖中与朋友们乘船航行时溺亡。
2.Why
did
the
author
list
the
numbers
in
Paragraph
3?
A.To
show
children
under
14
are
more
likely
to
drown.
B.To
argue
children
should
learn
swimming
at
a
very
young
age.
C.To
show
many
African-American
children
lack
swimming
skills.
D.To
introduce
the
difference
between
African-American
and
white
children.
答案C
解析推理判断题。第三段主旨句为第一句,即Josh的情况在美国非裔群体中并不罕见。接下来作者引用两个组织提供的数据来支持这个说法,70%的非裔美国儿童不会游泳,且在5到14岁年龄段的儿童之中,非裔美国儿童溺亡的人数要比白人儿童高出几倍。因此,这些数据是为了说明非裔美国儿童当中有许多人都不会游泳。
3.What
can
we
learn
about
the
Josh
Project?
A.It
has
its
own
swimming
pools.
B.It
provides
lessons
only
in
summer.
C.It
serves
children
aged
from
5
to
14.
D.Its
swimming
lessons
take
place
once
a
week.
答案D
解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“Theswimminglessons...fourSaturdays”以及最后一段中的“wherethechildren...justonceaweek”可知,该组织每周六开设游泳课程,一周一次。
4.What
did
Lisa
Haynes
think
of
the
swimming
lessons
the
Josh
Project
provides?
A.Expensive.
B.Helpful.
C.Interesting.
D.Difficult.
答案B
解析推理判断题。由倒数第四段中Haynes所说的话可知,她的儿子通过游泳课程学会了基本的游泳技能,她对此很感激。因此可推断,Haynes认为该公益组织开设的游泳课程很有用。
B
I
recently
watched
a
woman
film
herself
as
she
walked
around
an
ancient
building
in
San
Sebastian,Spain.The
place
was
rich
in
history
and
the
view
was
great.But
she
wasn’t
looking
at
the
blue
sea
or
the
old
houses
—
she
was
looking
at
her
camera!
What
are
we
missing
by
seeing
life
through
social
media?
I’m
not
the
first
person
to
ask
that
question
but
I’ll
also
admit
I’m
part
of
the
“problem”.I
take
photos
of
beautiful
places
and
enjoy
them
just
for
their
social
media
value.
I
remember
a
usually
cheerful
friend
of
mine
going
through
his
Facebook
feed
one
day
during
a
quiet
afternoon
at
work.“I’m
so
depressed.Everyone’s
going
to
the
most
wonderful
places
and
having
the
most
wonderful
time,”
he
said.Except
they’re
probably
not.One
photo
shows
one
moment
in
a
day.People
simply
don’t
post
a
photo
of
the
time
when
they
got
into
a
fight
with
their
taxi
driver.
Take
the
day
that
I
got
more
“likes”
than
usual
for
a
picture
I’d
posted
on
Instagram.I’d
gone
to
a
temple
in
Japan
and
spent
the
day
climbing
hundreds
of
steps
to
see
what
turned
out
to
be
a
rather
ordinary
temple.I
had
seen
a
lot
of
temples
by
then
and
this
one
was
a
bit
disappointing.That
evening,I
posted
a
photo
of
an
ice
cream
with
colourful
little
sugary
decorations
on
it
and
was
surprised
by
how
many
of
my
“followers”
liked
it.But
that
ice
cream
didn’t
sum
up
(概括)
my
day
and
I
felt
like
a
bit
of
a
liar.
Of
course,that
experience
hasn’t
stopped
me
using
social
media.I
can
see
the
advantages
too
—“connecting”
with
friends
overseas,taking
photos
to
remember
the
beauty
of
a
moment,sharing
our
experiences
of
new
places.We
want
to
remember
the
good
moments
of
travelling
and
social
media
helps
us
do
that.But
let’s
not
forget
that’s
only
one
part
of
travelling.Is
that
photo
you
just
posted
as
important
as
being
there
in
that
moment
and
in
that
place?
【篇章导读】本文是议论文。文章就旅行途中过度使用社交媒体的现象进行了讨论。
5.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthetext?
A.Togivesuggestions.
B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.Toexpressthemainidea.
D.Toofferbackgroundinformation.
答案B
解析推理判断题。第一段讲述了一个女游客的故事,她在一个景点自拍,目光一直注视着相机,而对周围美丽的景色和充满历史气息的建筑不屑一顾。作者通过这个故事引出了本文的话题,即旅游过程中过度使用社交媒体的问题。
6.Why
was
the
author’s
friend
unhappy?
A.He
couldn’t
finish
his
work.
B.He
got
into
a
fight
with
others.
C.He
couldn’t
enjoy
himself
like
his
friends
were.
D.He
got
few
“likes”
for
the
pictures
on
his
Facebook.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“goingthroughhisFacebook...atwork”以及“I’msodepressed...themostwonderfultime”可知,作者的这位朋友浏览社交媒体朋友圈之后,认为他的朋友们都去了很棒的地方,玩得很开心,而他却在工作,这让他感到很沮丧。
7.How
was
the
author’s
holiday
in
Japan
in
her
Instagram
followers’
eyes?
A.Busy.
B.Tiring.
C.Enjoyable.
D.Disappointing.
答案C
解析推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“surprisedbyhowmanyofmy‘followers’likedit”以及“thaticecreamdidn’t...abitofaliar”可知,虽然作者发布的美味冰激凌的照片不能反映她假日的总体情况,但她社交媒体上的朋友们很喜欢这张照片,并认为它反映了作者的假日。因此推断,在社交媒体上的朋友们看来,作者在日本度假时很愉快。
8.What
does
the
author
think
of
using
social
media
during
travelling?
A.It
makes
travelling
much
easier.
B.It
is
less
important
than
enjoying
the
journey.
C.It
will
become
more
popular
among
travellers.
D.It
leads
to
misunderstandings
about
other
people.
答案B
解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Wewanttoremember...helpsusdothat”以及“Butlet’snotforget...inthatplace”可知,作者承认旅游时使用社交媒体可以帮人们记录美好时刻,但她认为人们应该记住照片只是旅游的一部分,更重要的是享受一个地方带给你的亲身体验。
二、完形填空
On
a
cold
afternoon
in
January
2015,Yesenia
Diosdado,11,got
off
a
school
bus
in
Lenexa,Kansas,near
the
apartment
building
where
she
lives
with
her
family.When
the
1
pulled
away,Yesenia
saw
police
and
emergency
workers
attending
to
2
of
a
three-car
accident
that
had
happened
at
a
busy
crossroads
nearby.Yesenia
3
a
small
crowd
of
onlookers
across
the
street.?
She
noticed
that
a(n) 4
woman
was
trying
to
5
with
an
Emergency
Medical
Service
worker
using
sign
language,but
he
couldn’t
6
her.“I
heard
him
7
an
interpreter,”
Yesenia
says.?
She
ran
over
to
the
paramedic
(护理人员)
to
8 —
her
mother,a
former
sign
language
interpreter,had
9
her
and
her
sisters
how
to
10
(no
one
in
the
family
is
hearing-impaired).?
“She
said,‘I
sign.Can
I
help?’”
says
EMS
captain
Chris
Winger.“I
was 11 .”?
Yesenia
was
able
to 12
to
the
emergency
worker
that
the
woman’s
neck
was
injured
and
tell
them
the
name
of
the
local
hospital
she
preferred.“She
looked
really
13 ,”
says
Yesenia.“I’m
proud
that
I
got
to
do
14
to
help.”?
When
her
mother,Susan
Milidore,36,heard
about
Yesenia’s 15
actions,she
wasn’t
surprised.“It’s
in
her
16
to
help,”
says
Susan.“I
was
impressed
that
she
recognized
the
17
of
the
situation
and
took
charge.Most
adults
wouldn’t
have
18
that.”?
A
few
weeks
later,paramedics 19
Yesenia
with
a
gold
coin
and
a
certificate
of
appreciation
at
her
elementary
school.?
“My
mom
always
says
that
you 20
know
when
sign
language
might
come
in
handy,”
says
Yesenia.“That
day,it
did.”?
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。美国堪萨斯州的一位十一岁女孩用手语挽救了别人的生命。
1.A.bus
B.car
C.train
D.ambulance
答案A
解析由上文的“YeseniaDiosdado...gotoffaschoolbus”可知,当“校车(bus)”离开Yesenia下车的地方后,她看到了正在处理中的交通事故。
2.A.students
B.passers-by
C.crowds
D.victims
答案D
解析由下文提及车祸中的伤者可知,警察和急救人员正在照料三车相撞事故中的“受伤人员(victims)”。
3.A.visited
B.joined
C.passed
D.interviewed
答案B
解析由下文Yesenia向伤者提供帮助可知,她下了校车后“加入(joined)”到围观的人群中。
4.A.lost
B.kind
C.injured
D.attractive
答案C
解析由下文的“thewoman’sneckwasinjured”可知,Yesenia注意到一个“受伤的(injured)”女士。
5.A.argue
B.discuss
C.compete
D.communicate
答案D
解析由usingsignlanguage和but一词的转折可知,受伤的女士试图通过手语与急救人员“交流(communicate)”,但那位急救人员不“明白(understand)”她在说什么。
6.A.support
B.remember
C.recognize
D.understand
答案D
解析见上题解析。
7.A.call
on
B.ask
for
C.reply
to
D.look
into
答案B
解析由下文Yesenia提供帮助可知,急救人员“请求要(askfor)”一名懂手语的翻译。
8.A.help
B.greet
C.watch
D.wait
答案A
解析由下文Yesenia说“Isign.CanIhelp?”可知,懂手语的Yesenia跑到护理人员面前去“帮忙(help)”。
9.A.missed
B.written
C.taught
D.recorded
答案C
解析Yesenia的妈妈曾经是一位手语翻译者,故她“教会(taught)”Yesenia姐妹们如何“讲手语(sign)”。
10.A.share
B.sign
C.speak
D.hear
答案B
解析见上题解析。
11.A.encouraged
B.troubled
C.surprised
D.frightened
答案C
解析十一岁的小女孩会手语且能主动提供帮助,这让ChrisWinger很“惊讶(surprised)”。
12.A.listen
B.turn
C.explain
D.announce
答案C
解析懂手语的Yesenia把受伤女人的手语意思“解释(explain)”给医护人员。
13.A.hurt
B.calm
C.busy
D.sleepy
答案A
解析由上文的“thewoman’sneckwasinjured”可知,那个女人“伤(hurt)”得很厉害。
14.A.anything
B.nothing
C.something
D.everything
答案C
解析Yesenia对自己能给别人提供“一些(something)”帮助而感到自豪。
15.A.crazy
B.brave
C.funny
D.careless
答案B
解析Yesenia主动给他人提供帮助是“英勇的(brave)”行为。
16.A.duty
B.nature
C.interest
D.dream
答案B
解析由“hermother...wasn’tsurprised”可知,妈妈对Yesenia帮助他人的行为一点也不吃惊,认为这是她的“天性(nature)”。
17.A.purpose
B.advantage
C.importance
D.seriousness
答案D
解析车祸中的女士受伤严重,Yesenia能够意识到车祸的“严重性(seriousness)”并对此主动给予帮助,这让她的妈妈感受颇深,因为很多成年人都不一定会这样“做(done)”。
18.A.met
B.done
C.chosen
D.accepted
答案B
解析见上题解析。
19.A.provided
B.confused
C.presented
D.compared
答案C
解析对于Yesenia主动提供帮助的举措,急救中心的人员“授予(presented)”Yesenia一枚金币和一份证书以示感谢。
20.A.often
B.never
C.still
D.forever
答案B
解析Yesenia的家人没有听力障碍,但她的妈妈还是教会她们姐妹们如何讲手语,由此可知,Yesenia的妈妈认为“你‘不(never)’会知道手语哪天就可以用上”。
三、短文改错
When
you’re
a
kid
you
really
don’t
understand
much
about
life
and
you
just
went
through
life
day
by
day
as
happy
you
can
be.But
as
you
grow
up,you
may
get
used
to
be
taken
care
of
and
don’t
appreciate
everything
your
family
do
for
us.In
fact,you
need
to
treasure
the
moments
you
spend
in
your
family
because
of
one
day
they
might
not
all
be
there.When
you
lose
one
of
your
family
member,you
will
feel
rather
sad
and
deep
regret
it.Family
plays
an
very
important
role
in
our
lives
because
they’re
the
ones
which
inspire
us
to
fight
and
do
better.
答案
第一句:went→go;happy后加as
第二句:be→being;us→you
第三句:in→with;去掉of
第四句:member→members;deep→deeply
第五句:an→a;which→who/that
1(共29张PPT)
Unit
13 People
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.strength
n. 长处,优势
2.weakness
n.
弱点,缺陷
3.gain
vt.
获得;增加
4.phrase
n.
短语,词组
5.concentrate
vi.
集中(思想、注意力等)
6.previous
adj.
以前的,过去的
7.lawyer
n.
律师
8.senior
adj.
高级的
9.physicist
n.
物理学家
10.sunglasses
n.
墨镜
11.uniform
n.
制服
12.facial
adj.
面部的
-3-
13.expression
n.
表情;词语
14.connection
n.
联系;连接
15.gifted
adj.
有天赋的
16.accurately
adv.
精确地,准确地
17.predict
vt.
预言,预测
18.deserve
vt.
应得,值得
19.failure
n.
失败
20.thus
adv.
因此;如此
21.possibility
n.
可能性
22.disability
n.
残疾;无能力
23.lightning
n.
闪电
24.clerk
n.
职员
25.athletic
adj.
喜爱运动的
-4-
26.independent
adj.
独立的
27.neat
adj.
整洁的
28.selfish
adj.
自私的
29.sharp
adj.
锋利的,尖的;敏锐的
30.desire
n.
欲望,渴望
31.satisfaction
n.
满意,满足
32.harvest
n.
收获
33.biology
n.
生物学
34.kindness
n.
和善,亲切
35.requirement
n.
要求
36.airline
n.
航空公司
37.aboard
prep.
在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上
38.assistant
n.
助手,助理
-5-
39.independence
n.
独立
40.poet
n.
诗人
41.tear
n.
眼泪
42.cheek
n.
脸颊
43.hug
n.
拥抱
44.upset
adj.
不安的,
不快的
45.fault
n.
错误;缺点
46.thunder
n.
雷声
47.wool
n.
羊毛
48.seed
n.
种子
49.bleed
vi.
流血
50.broken
adj.
破的,断的
51.relief
n.
宽慰,减轻
-6-
52.shelter
vi.
躲避
53.scholar
n.
学者
54.bench
n.
长凳
55.housewife
n.
家庭主妇
56.allergic
adj.
过敏的
57.anxiety
n.
忧虑,担心
58.revision
n.
复习
59.oral
n.
口头的,口述的
60.straw
n.
稻草,麦秆
61.glare
vi.
怒视,瞪
62.literary
adj.
喜爱文学的
63.glance
vi.
瞥一眼
64.steam
n.
蒸汽
-7-
65.confirm
v.
证实
66.librarian
n.
图书馆管理员
67.file
n.
文件,档案
68.sigh
vi.
叹息,叹气
69.grateful
adj.
感激的,感谢的
70.guilty
adj.
有罪的;不安的
71.alike
adj.
相像的
72.shortcoming
n.
缺点;短处
73.account
n.
(银行)账户
74.button
n.
纽扣
75.cage
n.
笼子
76.judge
vt.
评判
77.part-time
adv.
部分时间地
-8-
78.chew
vt.
咀嚼
79.lap
n.
(人坐着时的)大腿部
80.devote
vt.
专心致志于,献身于
81.salty
adj.
咸的;含盐的
82.devotion
n.
奉献
83.forever
adv.
永远
84.passive
adj.
被动的,消极的
85.positive
adj.
积极的
86.associate
vt.
联想,联系
87.description
n.
描述,形容
88.conductor
n.
指挥;售票员
89.block
n.
大厦;街区
90.companion
n.
同伴;伴侣
-9-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.assessment
n.
评估
2.self-assessment
n.
自我评估
3.appropriately
adv.
适当地
4.mental
adj.
内心的;精神病的
5.beard
n.
胡须
6.moustache
n.
长在上嘴唇上的小胡子
7.heel
n.
鞋跟
8.sleeve
n.
衣服袖子
9.chain
n.
链条;一连串的事物
10.aircraft
n.
飞机,航空器
11.pray
vi.&
vt.
祈祷;祷告
12.academic
adj.
学术的
-10-
13.mistaken
adj.
错误的
14.association
n.
协会;联想
15.entirely
adv.
完全地
16.Easter
n.
复活节
17.embassy
n.
大使馆
18.accuse
vt.
控告,谴责
19.butcher
n.
屠夫,肉商
20.characteristic
n.
特点,特性
21.pineapple
n.
菠萝
22.peach
n.
桃子
23.translator
n.
翻译员
24.tutor
n.
导师;家庭教师
-11-
25.squirrel
n.
松鼠
26.sparrow
n.
麻雀
27.postcode
n.
邮政编码
28.astronomy
n.
天文学
29.claw
n.
(动物或鸟的)爪子
30.yoghurt
n.
酸奶;酸乳酪
31.honey
n.
蜂蜜
32.satellite
n.
卫星,人造卫星
33.wrinkle
n.
皱纹
-12-
34.forehead
n.
额,前额
35.carrot
n.
胡萝卜
36.pea
n.
豌豆
37.emergency
n.
紧急情况
38.pine
n.
松树
39.section
n.
部分
40.parrot
n.
鹦鹉
-13-
『语用规律归纳』
1.以“-bility”结尾的名词
(1)possibility
可能性
(2)probability
可能性
(3)responsibility
责任
(4)reliability
可靠性
(5)acceptability
可接受性
(6)flexibility
灵活性
(7)capability
能力;才能;性能
(8)disability
残疾
(9)ability
能力
-14-
2.“完全地”多种表达法
(1)entirely
(2)completely
(3)fully
(4)wholly
(5)absolutely
(6)altogether
3.表示观点态度的形容词
(1)passive
被动的;消极的
(2)positive
积极的;肯定的
(3)negative否定的
(4)supportive
支持的
(5)oppositive
反对的
-15-
(6)neutral
中立的
(7)objective客观的
(8)subjective
主观的
(9)indifferent漠不关心的
(10)optimistic乐观的
(11)pessimistic
悲观的
(12)critical批判的
(13)favorable
赞成的
(14)suspicious怀疑的
(15)doubtful
怀疑的
-16-
『构织连脉词族』
1.strength
n.
长处,优势→strengthen
vt.
增强,加强
2.weak
adj.
弱的→weakly
adv.
弱地→weakness
n.
弱点,缺陷
3.accurate
adj.
准确的,精确的→accurately
adv.
准确地,精确地→accuracy
n.
正确;准确;精确性
4.predict
vt.
预言,预测→prediction
n.
预言,预测→predictive
adj.
预言性的,成为前兆的→predictable
adj.
可预言的
5.describe
vt.
描述→description
n.
描述
6.fail
vi.
失败→failure
n.
失败
7.possible
adj.
可能的→possibly
adv.
可能地→possibility
n.
可能性
8.person
n.
人→personal
adj.
个人的→personally
adv.
就个人而言,亲自地→personality
n.
个性,性格
-17-
9.athlete
n.
运动员→athletic
adj.
喜爱运动的→athletically
adv.
强壮地;似运动家地;行动敏捷地
10.satisfy
vt.
使满意→satisfaction
n.
满意→satisfactory
adj.
满意的→satisfied
adj.
对……感到满意的→satisfying
adj.
使人满意的
11.relief
n.
减轻,宽慰→relieve
vt.
减轻,安慰,救济
12.guilty
adj.
有罪的,不安的;内疚的→guiltily
adv.
有罪地,不安地;内疚地→guilt
n.
有罪,内疚
13.devote
vt.
献身于,专心致志于→devotion
n.
奉献→devoted
adj.
投入的;深爱的
14.associate
vt.
联想,联系→association
n.
联想;协会;联盟
联合→associated
adj.
有关联的;联合的
15.express
vt.
表达;快递邮寄→expression
n.
表情;词语
-18-
『语境活用』
1.A
person
who
is
selfish(自私的)
might
also
find
it
hard
to
get
rid
of
other
shortcomings(缺点).
2.Fred
felt
guilty(内疚的)
because
he
thought
he
failed
to
meet
his
boss’s
requirements(要求).
3.To
David’s
father’s
relief(宽慰),David
kept
calm
facing
the
emergency(紧急情况).
4.His
previous(以前的)
working
experience
is
without
doubt
beneficial
to
his
new
job,and
it
also
helps
to
bring
satisfaction(满意)
to
his
boss.
5.The
article
described
accurately(accurate)
the
Party
member
who
was
always
devoted
to
helping(help)
those
in
need.
-19-
1.draw
up
起草
2.concentrateon
集中注意力于……
3.end
up
doing
结果做……
4.devote...to...把……奉献给……
5.to
one’s
relief
令人感到宽慰的是
6.come
up
with
想出
7.separate
from
和……分开
8.in
terms
of
就……而言
9.can’t
help
doing
sth
禁不住要做某事
10.accuse
sb
of
sth
以某事指责某人
-20-
『语境活用』
用上面的短语填空
1.Devoted
to
writing
novels
about
farmers,the
writer
lived
in
the
village
for
two
years.
2.You
could
end
up
running
this
company
if
you
play
your
cards
right.
3.She
gave
up
German
in
order
to
concentrate
on
her
French.
4.It’s
a
good
idea
that
you
draw
up
a
list
of
what
you
should
do
in
the
day.
5.As
we
know,England
is
separated
from
France
by
the
channel.
-21-
『语用规律归纳』
1.仅用“-ing形式”的短语
(1)generally
speaking
一般来说
(2)broadly
speaking
大致说来
(3)frankly
speaking
坦白地说
(4)strictly
speaking
严格地说
(5)judging
from/by
由……来判断
(6)considering
that
考虑到……
(7)according
to
根据……
-22-
2.account的常用搭配
(1)account
for
占……比例;作出解释;说明(原因等);是……原因;导致
(2)on
account
of
因为;由于
(3)on
no
account
决不(放在句首时,句子部分倒装)
(4)take...into
account
考虑……
(5)take
account
of
考虑到……;顾及
(6)keep
an
account
of
记录;记载
-23-
『领悟教材语境』
1.At
work, it
is
IQ
that
gets
you
hired
but
it
is
EQ
that
gets
you
promoted.(Page
8)?
在职场上,一个人的智商决定了你能否被录用,而情商则决定了你能否得到提拔。
[考点提炼]It’s...that...强调句。
2.It
is
generally
believed
that
people
with
high
EQs
are
open
to
new
ideas
and
have
positive
attitudes
towards
life.(Page
9)
人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,并对生活持积极态度。
[考点提炼]主语从句的用法。
-24-
3.The
results
of
studies
such
as
these
show
that
EQ
is
as
important, if
not
more
important
than
IQ.(Page
9)?
这类研究结果表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,也至少与智商同样重要。
[考点提炼]A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.表示“即使A不比B更……,也至少与其同样……。
4.I
really
dislike
it
when
he
eats
garlic
for
lunch.(Page
11)
我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
[考点提炼]Sb
dislikes
it
when...某人不喜欢……
5.If
anything,it
made
me
even
angrier.(Page
14)
如果说有什么不同的话,只会平添我几分怒气。
[考点提炼]if
anything的用法。
-25-
『高考写作情景』
1.就是在这个实验室,那位科学家有了重大发现。
It
was
in
this
lab
that
the
scientist
made
a
great
discovery.
2.人们普遍认为经常性锻炼有益于健康。
It’s
generally
believed
that
working
out
regularly
is
good
for
our
health.
3.即使这首歌不比那首歌流行,也至少和它同样流行。
This
song
is
as
popular,if
not
more
popular
than
that
one.
4.妈妈不喜欢我穿奇怪的衣服。
My
mother
dislikes
it
if
I
wear
strange
clothes.
5.他的状况,如果有变化的话,比早上更糟。
His
condition
was,if
anything,worse
than
in
the
morning.
-26-
『主题与语法填空』
1.While
your
IQ
tells
you
how
intelligent
you
are,your
EQ
tells
you
how
well
you
use
your
intelligence.Professor
Salovey,2.who
invented
the
term
EQ,gives
the
following
3.description(describe):At
work,it
is
IQ
4.that
gets
you
hired
but
it
is
EQ
that
gets
you
promoted.5.Supported(support)by
his
academic
research,Professor
Salovey
suggests
that
when
predicting
someone’s
future
success,their
character,might
actually
matter
more
than
their
IQ.
-27-
EQ
is
as
important,if
not
6.more
important(important)
than
IQ.7.To
get(get)ahead
in
the
world
and
lead
a
happy
successful
life
means
8.getting(get)on
with
other
people
and
being
able
to
understand
and
react
9.to
situations
in
the
best
way
possible.This
requires
a
high
EQ—the
higher
the
better.And
the
fact
that
it
might
be
possible
to
raise
EQs
means
that
schools
need
to
make
sure
that
their
students
are
receiving
the
education
they
really
need,10.and
know
that
their
futures
are
not
entirely
determined
by
their
IQs.
-28-
-29-
