(共54张PPT)
Unit
8 Adventure
-2-
1.differ
vi.不一致,不同于,有区别
[教材原句]How
do
the
tourists
differ
from
local
people?(P23)
游客和当地人如何不同?
-3-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Because
a
college
community
differs
(differ)
from
the
family,many
students
will
struggle
to
find
a
sense
of
belonging.(2016?北京卷,阅读理解D篇)
②Farmers
in
many
countries
are
also
adapting
like
this—either
by
growing
new
produce,or
by
growing
the
same
things
differently
(differ).(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
③The
style
of
the
campus
is
quite
different
from
that
of
most
Chinese
universities.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)
完成句子
④Don’t
hesitate.Even
your
little
change
may
make
a
difference.?
别犹豫,即使你的小改变也可能会产生影响。
-4-
考点必记
①differ
from和……不同
differ
in在……方面不同
differ
between...and...在……和……之间不同
differ
with
sb
on/about/over
sth在某事上与某人意见相左
②difference
n.不同
different
adj.不同的
be
different
from和……不同
make
a
difference产生影响
make
no
difference没有影响
写作佳句
Students
differ
from
one
another
in
their
ability
to
deal
with
difficulties.学生们处理困难的能力各不相同。
-5-
2.anxious
adj.忧虑的,担心的,渴望的
[教材原句]From
that
moment
they
started
to
feel
anxious
and
they
slept
badly
that
night.(P23)从那时他们开始感到忧虑,那天晚上他们睡得很糟。
-6-
语境巧练
单句填空
①According
to
Life
in
Likes,as
children
grew,they
became
more
anxious
to
get
(get)
more
public
approval.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②Phone
home
as
often
as
possible
so
as
to
relieve
your
mother
from
anxiety
(anxious).
③Both
sides
were
anxious
that
the
agreement
should
be
signed
as
quickly
as
possible.
完成句子
④The
foreign
collector
is
anxious
for
the
ancient
Chinese
painting.?
那位外国收藏家急切地想要得到那幅中国古画。
-7-
考点必记
①be
anxious
about对……担忧
be
anxious
to
do
sth急切地要做某事,渴望做某事
be
anxious
for
sb为某人担心
be
anxious
for
sth渴望得到某物
be
anxious
that...渴望……
②anxiously
adv.忧虑地,担心地
anxiety
n.忧虑,担心
名师点津
be
anxious
to
do,be
eager
to
do,long
to
do,be
keen
to
do,be
keen
on
doing,be
dying
to
do等都表示“渴望做……”。
-8-
3.risk
vt.冒……的危险;使遭受危险 n.风险,危险
[教材原句]What
makes
people
risk
their
lives
to
do
them?(P24)
什么让人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢?
-9-
语境巧练
单句填空
①It
would
be
risky
(risk)
to
reach
this
conclusion
on
the
basis
of
the
limited
data
alone.
②The
report
found
that
youngsters
felt
their
friendships
could
be
at
risk.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
③...so
(they)
were
more
likely
to
break
the
speed
limit
and
be
at
the
risk
of
getting
fined.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)
完成句子
④The
mother
couldn’t
take
the
risk
of
leaving
her
son
alone
even
for
a
short
time.那位妈妈不可能冒险将她儿子单独留下,即使是很短的时间。?
-10-
考点必记
①risk
one’s
life冒生命危险
risk
doing
sth冒险做某事
(put...)at
risk
(使……)有危险/冒险
at
risk(of/from
sth)冒(……的)危险
at
the
risk
of
doing
sth冒着……的风险
take/run
a
risk/risks冒险
face
the
risk
of面临……的危险
take/run
the
risk
of
doing
sth冒险做某事
②risky
adj.冒险的
写作佳句
I
read
a
story
where
a
hero
risked
his
life
to
save
a
child
from
the
fire.我读了一本书,书中描述了一位英雄冒着生命危险从大火中救了一个孩子。
-11-
4.equipment
n.设备,配备
[教材原句]You
put
on
diving
equipment
and
dive
under
a
frozen
lake.(P24)
你戴上潜水装备,在冰冻的湖面下潜水。
语境巧练
单句填空
①A
lot
of
money
was
spent
on
the
equipment
(equip)
of
the
new
hospital.
②Schools
should
try
to
equip
students
with
the
skills
they
need
when
they
leave
school.
完成句子
③Equipped
with
rich
knowledge
and
skills,the
three
graduates
have
applied
to
work
in
the
west.?
这三位毕业生拥有丰富的知识和技能,已申请到西部工作。
-12-
考点必记
①a
piece
of
equipment
一件设备
equipment
of...……设备
②equip
v.装备,配备
equip
sb/sth
with
sth用……装备……
be
equipped
with装备……
名师点津
equipment是不可数名词,它没有复数形式。
-13-
5.amaze
v.使惊愕(惊奇)
[教材原句]Marco,in
turn,was
amazed
by
how
beautiful
and
powerful
China
was.(P26)
马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Many
visitors
were
amazed
by
/at
the
complex
architectural
space
and
abundant
building
types.(2018?全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②It’s
an
amazing
(amaze)
accomplishment
and
one
we
cannot
achieve
without
generous
support
from
individuals,corporations,and
other
social
organizations.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)
完成句子
③To
our
amazement,our
village
has
been
changing
nearly
every
day
since
twenty
years
ago.令我们惊讶的是,我们的村子自二十年前以来几乎每天都在变化。?
-14-
考点必记
①amaze
sb令某人惊愕
It
amazes
sb
how/what...……令某人大为吃惊
be
amazed
by/at对……感到吃惊
②amazement
n.惊愕,惊讶
amazing
adj.令人惊愕的
amazingly
adv.惊愕地
amazed
adj.惊奇的,吃惊的
in
amazement惊愕地,惊讶地
to
one’s
amazement
令某人惊愕的是
写作佳句
We
watched
in
amazement
when
the
AI
performed
just
like
a
human.我们惊讶地观看着,人工智能就像人一样表演着。
-15-
6.confuse
vt.使困惑;使迷惑;混淆
[教材原句]He
was
also
confused
by
the
black
stones
people
used
to
burn
for
fuel.(P26)
他对人们把黑石头当燃料烧也感到迷惑不解。
语境巧练
单句填空
①I
could
understand
the
text,but
was
then
confused
(confuse)
about
some
vocabulary
in
it.
②Because
of
the
confusion
(confuse),Merat
thinks
some
car
makers
will
wait
until
vehicles
can
be
fully
automated
without
human
operation.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
③Many
students
confuse
“desert”with
“dessert”.
单句改错
④Sir,the
instructions
on
the
box
are
very
confused.Could
you
explain
them
to
us?
confused→confusing
-16-
考点必记
①confuse
A
with/and
B将A和B混淆
get/be
confused被弄糊涂
be
confused
with和……混淆
②confused
adj.困惑的,糊涂的;不清楚的
confusing
adj.使人迷惑的
confusion
n.混乱,困惑
写作佳句
To
avoid
confusion,members
in
different
groups
wear
caps
in
different
colours.为了避免混淆,不同组的成员戴不同颜色的帽子。
-17-
7.quantity
n.量,数量;大量,众多
[教材原句]He
went
to
a
city
where
iron
was
produced
in
huge
quantities.(P27)
他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Some
of
these
wildernesses
also
perform
functions
that
humans
need—the
rainforests,for
example,store
carbon
in
vast
quantities.
②When
condors
eat
dead
bodies
of
other
animals
containing
lead,they
absorb
large
quantities
(quantity)
of
lead.(2016·北京卷,阅读理解C篇)
完成句子
③In
the
factory
a
large
quantity
of
poisonous
rubbish
has
been
dealt
with
effectively.?
在这家工厂,大量的有毒垃圾已经得到处理。
-18-
考点必记
a
large
quantity
of很多(后跟名词做主语时谓语动词的单复数形式根据of后的名词确定)
large
quantities
of很多(后跟名词做主语时谓语动词用复数)
in
quantity(in
large/vast
quantities)大量地
写作佳句
In
winter
and
early
spring
farmers
store
water
in
large
quantities
in
preparation
for
growing
their
rice.冬季和初春,农民们大量蓄水以备种植水稻。
-19-
8.preparation
n.准备,预备;(常用复数)准备工作,准备措施
[教材原句]During
the
polar
summer
of
1910-1911,both
teams
organised
food
bases
in
preparation
for
their
journeys
the
next
year.(P28)
在1910年到1911年的极地夏天,两队人都在为下一年的探险做食物储备。
-20-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Plans
for
building
new
high-speed
railways
are
now
in
preparation.
②
Schools
and
parents
must
now
do
more
to
prepare
(prepare)
children
for
the
emotional
minefield
(雷区)
they
faced
online.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Training
for
a
marathon
requires
careful
preparation
(prepare)
and
steady,gradual
increases
in
the
length
of
the
runs.
完成句子
④I
think
we
can
in
time
predict
an
earthquake
so
that
we
can
make
full
preparations
for
it.?
我相信我们迟早能够预测地震,这样我们就可以为其做充分的准备。
-21-
考点必记
①make
preparations
for/to
do...为……做好准备
in
preparation在准备中
in
preparation
for为……做准备
②prepare
v.准备
prepared
adj.准备好的
unprepared
adj.没有准备好的
prepare
one’s
lessons准备功课
be
(well)
prepared
for/to
do
sth对(做)某事有(充分的)准备
prepare
for...为……做好准备
prepare
to
do
sth准备做某事
写作佳句
The
Greens
are
now
doing
some
shopping,in
preparation
for
the
coming
visit
to
Beijing.格林一家现在正在购物,为即将到来的北京之旅做准备。
-22-
9.observe
vt.看到,观察到;观察,观测,监视;遵守;庆祝;纪念
[教材原句]Air-conditioned
vehicles
for
observing
animals.(P30)
空调车辆用以观察动物。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Crowds
of
visitors
flock
to
zoos
to
observe
(observe)
the
animals.?
②This
observation
(observe)
hints
that
effective
embryonic
learning
could
signal
neurological
strengths
of
children
to
parents.(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)
完成句子
③It
has
been
observed
that
some
plants
and
animals
change
when
removed
from
one
continent
to
another.?
人们已经观察到一些动物和植物从一个洲移到另一个洲会发生改变。
-23-
考点必记
①observe
sb/sth观察某人/物
observe
sb
do/doing看到某人做了/正在做某事
observe
that...观察……
observe
a
principle/a
custom/a
rule遵守原则/风俗/规则
②observer
n.观察者
observation
n.观察,观察力;观测
under
observation在观察中,在监视中
名师点津
observe
sb
doing强调“看到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行,而observe
sb
do则表示“观察某人做了某事”,强调看到动作的全过程。
-24-
10.take
off脱下(衣、帽、鞋等);起飞;动身,离开;减去;大受欢迎
[教材原句]I’ve
been
on
planes
lots
of
times
and
it
always
feels
great,especially
when
you
take
off!(P21)
我已多次乘坐飞机,总觉得很棒,特别是当你起飞的时候!
-25-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Many
businesses
started
up
by
college
students
have
taken
off
thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.(2016·江苏卷,单项填空)
②It’s
reported
that
Ma
Yun
resigned
as
president
of
Alibaba
and
takes
up
as
a
teacher.
③The
idea
that
the
government
would
take
over
driverless
cars
and
treat
them
as
a
public
good
would
get
absolutely
nowhere
here...(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
完成句子
④Don’t
be
taken
in
by
products
claiming
to
help
you
improve
your
English
in
a
week.?
不要被声称可以帮助您在一周内提高英语水平的产品所欺骗。
-26-
考点必记
take
back收回,拿回
take
in吸收;理解;欺骗;收留;接待
take
apart拆开
take
down拆卸,拆毁;记下,录下
take
up拿起;占据;对……有兴趣
take
over接任,接管,接收
take...for
granted
认为……是当然的
写作佳句
A
large
quantity
of
modern
buildings
have
been
put
up
where
the
old
ones
have
been
taken
down.在旧建筑被拆毁的地方已矗立起许多现代化建筑。
-27-
11.turn
up出现,露面,到场;调高(大);暴露出某物
[教材原句]When
I
turned
up
for
my
first
jump
I
was
so
nervous
that
I
tried
to
back
out,but
my
friends
persuaded
me
to
go
through
with
it.(P25)
当我第一次到场跳的时候,我非常紧张,我试图退出,但我的朋友们说服我完成它。
-28-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Eventually
my
ring
that
I
had
thought
I
had
lost
for
many
years
turned
up
in
a
coat
pocket.
②The
games
my
parents
taught
me
when
I
was
a
child
turned
out
to
be
very
useful
later
in
my
life.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,短文改错)
③Last
week
some
city
officials
suggested
the
city
might
be
interested
in
turning
the
old
theater
into
a
museum...(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)
完成句子
④At
that
moment
I
felt
very
depressed
because
my
proposal
was
turned
down.?
当时我很沮丧,因为我的建议被拒绝了。
-29-
考点必记
turn
into
(使)变为,转变为
turn
for
(使)变得……
turn
to
sb向……求助
turn
out结果是
turn
down调小,拒绝
turn
off关上,使不感兴趣
turn
on打开,使感兴趣
turn
away转身走开
turn
in上交
写作佳句
The
professor’s
lecture
starting
with
a
humour
turned
all
of
us
on.教授以一个幽默开头的讲座让我们大家都感兴趣。
-30-
12.get
across被理解,把……讲清楚
[教材原句]It’s
difficult
to
get
across
how
exciting
it
is!(P25)
难以让人理解那有多么令人兴奋!
语境巧练
单句填空
①Mrs.Smith
repeated
the
main
point
so
that
she
could
get
her
explanation
across
to
all
the
students.
②I
couldn’t
believe
I
had
got
into
such
a
situation.
③As
an
outgoing
girl,I
get
on/along
well
with
my
classmates.
完成句子
④Deaf
and
dumb
as
the
lady
is,the
twenty-eight-year-old
woman
manager
can
perfectly
get
herself
across
to
her
workmates.?
那位28岁的女经理虽然有语言障碍,她却能很好地让自己的意思为同事所理解。
-31-
考点必记
get
into进入;陷入;穿入;习惯于
get
along=get
on进展,(与……)相处;获得成功;应付,过活
get
through用完;耗尽;(设法)处理;通过(考试等);拨通电话
get
back回去,回家;找回
get
down下来,吞下,记下,开始做某事
get
off从……下来;出发,动身
get
on上(车/船/飞机等);进展;相处
get
out
of离开,摆脱
get
over克服(困难),恢复
get
up起床,起立
get
rid
of摆脱,消灭
-32-
13.break
down(机器)出故障,损坏,不能运转;失败;(化学)分解;精神崩溃;感情失去控制
[教材原句]First,his
two
sledges
broke
down,and
then
the
horses
began
to
have
serious
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold.(P28)
先是他的两个雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
-33-
语境巧练
单句填空
①With
her
motorbike
broken
down,her
husband
has
been
driving
her
to
work
these
days.
②A
terrible
storm
breaking
out,no
houses
or
other
buildings
were
damaged.
③Norton
Sound
was
covered
with
ice,which
could
sometimes
break
up
without
warning.(2016·北京卷,完形填空)
完成句子
④Scientists
say
they
are
beginning
to
break
through
in
the
fight
against
cancer.?
科学家们说,他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。
-34-
考点必记
break
into破门而入,强行闯入(后接宾语);突然开始(哭、唱等);把……分成
break
away
from突然挣脱,摆脱
break
in强行进入(in为副词);打断
break
one’s
promise违背诺言
break
the
law违反法律
break
out爆发,突发
break
through冲破,突破;克服,战胜
break
up破碎;解散;结束;(学校)期末放假
-35-
14.run
out
of用完,耗尽(和use
up用法相同)
[教材原句]The
men
were
soon
exhausted
and
were
running
out
of
food.(P28)
队员们很快就精疲力竭了,食品也开始短缺。
语境巧练
单句填空
①After
less
than
a
week,I
started
noticing
that
the
groceries
were
running
out
pretty
quickly.(2016·上海卷,语法和词汇)
②If
you
go
on
riding
your
bike
like
this,you’ll
sooner
or
later
get
run
over.
完成句子
③How
upset!Last
Sunday
I
ran
out
of
petrol
on
my
way
to
Shanghai.?
多沮丧!上周日我在去上海的路上油用完了。
-36-
考点必记
run
away逃跑
run
after追赶,追求
run
into撞上,(偶然)遇到
run
across(偶然)遇到
run
over(指车辆)撞倒某人并轧过
名师点津
①run
out
of“用完”。通常以人做主语,可以带宾语,可用于被动语态。
②run
out“用完,用光”。通常以物做主语,是不及物动词短语,不能带宾语,且不可用于被动语态。
-37-
15.be
worth句型
[教材原句]But
it’s
worth
waiting
for.(P25)但它值得等待。
语境巧练
单句填空
①“It
was
beautiful,”Naomi
said
after
listening
to
the
recording.“The
music
was
worth
saving
(save).”
(2019?江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
完成句子
②But
the
next
time
you
find
yourself
among
strangers,consider
that
small
talk
is
worth
the
trouble.?
但下一次你发现你在陌生人中时,请考虑一下稍作谈话是值得去麻烦做的。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)
③I
think
his
new
TV
series
is
well
worth
watching.?
我认为他的这部新电视剧很值得一看。
-38-
考点必记
Sth
is
worth
doing是一个常用句式,表示“某事值得做”,该结构中doing只用主动形式,表达被动意义。
名师点津
①该类句子的主语常是该动词-ing形式的逻辑宾语,此时,该动词-ing形式应用及物动词(短语),故一些及物动词短语中的介词或副词不可丢掉;
②在doing后不可用it,them等宾语;
③表示“某事很值得做”应用Sth
is
well
worth
doing,well,不可用very代替。
-39-
16.in
order
to为了
[教材原句]A
friend
of
mine
has
just
started
jogging
in
order
to
get
fit.(P25)我的一位朋友为了保持健康刚开始进行慢跑。
语境巧练
单句填空
①New
equipment
has
been
brought
in
in
order
to
improve
(improve)
the
production.?
②Every
night
when
I
am
studying,Mother
doesn’t
watch
TV
in
order
not
to
disturb
(not
disturb)
me.?
完成句子
③He
took
a
deep
breath
in
order
to/so
as
to
make
himself
calm
down.?
为了让自己镇静下来他深呼吸。
-40-
考点必记
①in
order
to
do
sth表示“为了”,用以表示目的,此处的to
do
sth为动词不定式;
②in
order
to
do
sth的否定形式为in
order
not
to
do
sth;
③如果后面跟从句则常用in
order
that,相当于so
that;
④so
as
to
do
sth也用以表示目的,和in
order
to
do
sth的用法基本相同,其否定形式为so
as
not
to
do
sth。但值得一提的是,so
as(not)to
do
sth一般不放在句首。
-41-
17.be+adj.+to
do句型
[教材原句]Marco
was
surprised
to
see
Chinese
people
using
paper
money
in
the
markets.(P26)马可吃惊地看到中国人在集市上使用纸币。
语境巧练
单句填空
①In
1943,a
Mexican
farmer
was
surprised
to
see
(see)
smoke
rising
from
a
small
part
of
his
land.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②When
the
gorillas
and
I
frightened
each
other,I
was
just
glad
to
find
(find)
them
alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)?
③I’m
happy
to
receive
(receive)
your
letter
and
know
you’re
coming
to
China.?
-42-
考点必记
be
surprised
to
do表示“吃惊地做……”。在“be+adj.”后常用动词不定式做状语,常见的可用于此句式的形容词有amazed,astonished,excited,happy,pleased,disappointed,glad,sad,terrified等。
写作佳句
The
fans
were
disappointed
to
know
that
the
star
couldn’t
turn
up.知道那位明星不能来粉丝们十分失望。
-43-
18.have
difficulty(in)doing
sth句型
[教材原句]The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates,who
was
having
great
difficulty
walking.(P28)接下来离开的是奥茨上校,他行走艰难。
-44-
语境巧练
单句填空
①A
new
study
shows
that
the
old
may
struggle
to
complete
complex
tasks
or
have
difficulty
understanding
(understand)
information
they
have
read.
②Explain
your
frustrations
calmly
and
sensibly
—
see
it
as
an
opportunity
to
clear
up
any
difficulties
you
may
have
with
this
person.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)
③Whatever
difficulty
you
have
writing
(write)
the
report,don’t
hesitate
to
ask
your
manager
for
advice.
完成句子
④We
really
have
difficulty/problems
/trouble
identifying
the
twins—they
look
the
same.?
我们真是难以辨别那对双胞胎——他们长得一样。
-45-
考点必记
句中have
difficulty(in)doing
sth表示“在……方面有困难(或麻烦);对……有困难”,如果后面跟名词,则应用介词with,即用have
difficulty
with
sth结构。
名师点津
类似的结构还有:
①have
trouble/problems(in)doing
sth/with
sth在……有困难;
②have
fun
(in)
doing
sth做某事很有趣;
③have
a
hard/good
time
(in)
doing
sth做某事度过了艰难/很好的一段时间。
写作佳句
I’m
sorry
to
learn
about
the
difficulty
you
have
in
communicating
with
your
deskmate.知道你和你的同桌交流有困难我很难过。
-46-
19.宾语从句的否定转移
[教材原句]It
seems
a
pity,but
I
do
not
think
I
can
write
more.(P28)似乎很遗憾,但我认为我不能写更多的话了。
-47-
语境巧练
完成句子
①We
don’t
think
we
are
supposed
to
look
down
upon
the
disabled.?
我们认为我们不应该看不起残疾人。
将下面各句改为反意疑问句
②We
don’t
think
you’ve
made
a
right
decision.?
→We
don’t
think
you’ve
made
a
right
decision,have
you??
③They
thought
Fred
had
lost
the
important
match.
→They
thought
Fred
had
lost
the
important
match,didn’t
they??
④I
think
they
will
return
on
time.
→I
think
they
will
return
on
time,won’t
they??
-48-
考点必记
I/we
think...(注意主句的主语是第一人称)后面跟宾语从句时,如果宾语从句是否定句,那么对宾语从句的否定应转移到主句I/we
think上来。
名师点津
①I/we
believe/suppose/guess等结构与此相同;
②该结构构成反意疑问句时应按从句来确定,存在否定转移的应将否定部分还原回去再确定反意部分谓语动词的肯定或否定形式。
写作佳句
If
you
put
your
heart
into
it,I
don’t
think
you’ll
fail.如果你全身心投入其中,我认为你不会失败。
-49-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Everybody
uses
a
keyboard
and
everybody
types
differently
(differ).(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)
2.There’s
tension
and
anxiety
(anxious)
from
the
beginning
as
Nick
and
Amy
battle
for
your
trust.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)
3.Except
for
some
stumbles,Chris
is
doing
amazingly
(amaze)
well.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)
4.It’s
never
too
early
to
make
necessary
preparations
(prepare)
for
a
healthy
and
meaningful
college
experience.(2019·北京卷,语法填空)
5.Human
beings
took
it
for
granted
that
their
brains
held
all
the
solutions,but
maybe
their
hearts
can
be
a
better
guide.(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)
-50-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.In
her
excitement
(excite),she
didn’t
seem
to
realize
that
she
was
sharing
the
baby’s
photos
with
a
complete
stranger.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)
7.Unfortunately,you
must
carry
the
necessary
equipment
(equip)
with
you,since
it’s
all
but
impossible
to
find
natural
substitutes.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)
8.Entering
the
room,he
found
his
brother
was
sitting
at
the
desk
comfortably
(comfort),watching
a
football
match.
9.Travelling
through
the
forest
and
watching
the
wild
animals
there
is
really
a
wonderful
experience
to
us.
10.How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)
-51-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.If
they
run
out
certain
daily
necessities,Wilson
will
drive
to
the
nearest
store
and
purchase
what’s
needed.(2019·北京卷,完形填空)out后加of
2.You
should
speak
more
slowly
so
that
you
can
get
your
idea
through
to
us.
through→across
3.Each
of
my
cafes
will
have
a
different
theme
and
an
unique
style.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,短文改错)an→a
4.McIntyre
and
his
colleagues
documented
a
widespread
die
of
big
trees
that
was
evident
even
in
wildlands
protected
from
woodcutting
or
development.(2019·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)die→death
5.After
recovering
from
his
illness,he
was
advised
to
take
over
gardening
as
a
hobby.
over→up
-52-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.Despite
their
many
difference,all
human
beings
share
several
defining
characteristics,such
as
large
brains
and
the
ability
to
walk
upright
on
two
legs.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读)difference→differences
7.The
economic
crisis
broke
down
first
in
the
United
States.
down→out
8.Mutual
respect
and
trust
among
all
the
nationality
must
be
observed
and
cultivated
for
the
benefit
of
all.
nationality→nationalities
9.For
Hill,it
is
impossible
not
talk
about
China
as
the
leading
player
when
discussing
fashion.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)not后加to
10.At
first
the
price
of
single
copies
were
seldom
a
penny—usually
two
or
three
cents
was
charged—and
some
of
the
older
well-known
papers
charged
five
or
six
cents.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)were→was
-53-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.这是一个晴朗的周六的早上,我的朋友们建议我们去河边野餐。(it
being)
2.做了必要的准备后,我们骑车出发了,花了大约一个小时到达了我们两年前曾野餐过的目的地。(where引导定语从句)
3.生了火我们把一些食物放到火上,这时我突然想到我们不妨捉些鱼来增加我们野餐的乐趣。(occur)
4.最后在我的朋友们的帮助下我上了河岸。(with
one’s
help)
-54-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
It
being
a
sunny
Saturday
morning,my
friends
advised
we
go
and
have
a
picnic
near
the
river.
After
making
necessary
preparations,we
started
by
bike
and
we
spent
about
an
hour
arriving
at
our
destination
where
we
used
to
have
a
picnic
two
years
ago.Making
a
fire,we
put
some
food
on
it
when
it
occurred
to
me
that
we
might
well
catch
some
fish
to
add
fun
in
our
picnic.All
of
us
jumped
into
the
river
and
some
really
caught
some
fish,which
made
us
very
excited.However,I
was
not
that
good
at
swimming
and
I
suddenly
fell
into
a
deep
hole.At
last
with
my
friends’
help,I
came
out
of
the
river.Frightened
and
thankful
to
my
friends,I
enjoyed
the
delicious
fish.
It
was
really
an
adventure
and
an
unforgettable
experience
to
me.限时规范练15
Unit
8
Adventure
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、爱护自然的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
A
recent
survey
has
shown
that
the
busiest
shopping
street
in
the
world
is
not
in
London,New
York,or
Paris,but
in
Warsaw
(capital
city
of
Poland).It’s
called
Nowy
wiat,which
means
New
World.About
14,000
Poles
walk
down
this
main
street
every
hour.
It
is
a
lovely
place
to
shop.The
street
is
very
wide.There
are
statues,palaces,attractive
town
houses,high-class
cafés
and
restaurants.The
buildings
aren’t
too
tall.They
look
old,but
in
fact
the
whole
city
was
rebuilt
after
World
War
Ⅱ.There
aren’t
any
billboards
(广告牌),loud
music,or
many
tourists.People
think
that
Polish
shops
have
nothing
to
sell,so
tourists
don’t
come
shopping
here.The
world
doesn’t
know
about
this
good
place
for
shoppers
yet.
It
is
now
possible
to
buy
almost
everything
in
Warsaw.There
are
many
shops
from
the
West.However,Nowy
wiat
has
a
lot
of
small
shops
and
specialist
shops.It
hasn’t
got
the
huge
department
stores
that
sell
the
same
things
everywhere.
If
you
want
an
excellent
handmade
suit,Nowy
wiat
is
the
place
to
go.It
isn’t
cheap.You
will
pay
up
to
￡1,000.For
beautiful
French
baby
clothes,go
to
PetitBateau.You
will
pay
￡50
for
a
pair
of
blue
jeans
for
a
baby.A
dress
for
a
baby
girl
is
about
￡90.At
Desa,a
famous
antique
(古董)
shop,a
desk
costs
￡5,000.
Not
everything
is
expensive.At
the
shop
Pantera
you
can
buy
leather
goods
—
handbags,purses,coats,and
belts.Cepelia
is
famous
for
folk
art.There
are
also
book
shops
and
record
shops.And
there
are
a
lot
of
small
shops
that
sell
clothes
that
aren’t
too
expensive.If
you’re
tired,stop
at
CaféBlikle.You’ll
find
a
lively
environment,and
a
lot
of
well-known
Poles.
It
is
possible
to
travel
the
world
and
find
the
same
things
for
sale
in
every
country.But
Warsaw
is
different
because
its
shops
are
unique—
and
they’re
in
Nowy
wiat.
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界上最繁忙的商业街Nowywiat。
1.How
is
Nowy
wiat
in
outsiders’
eyes?
A.It
is
not
worth
visiting.
B.It
is
a
tourist
attraction.
C.It
is
a
perfect
place
for
shoppers.
D.It
is
no
different
from
any
shopping
street.
答案A
解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“Therearen’tanybillboards,loudmusic,ormanytourists.PeoplethinkthatPolishshopshavenothingtosell,sotouristsdon’tcomeshoppinghere.”可知,没有去过Nowywiat的人对它不了解,认为这里没有什么可购买的商品,因此不值得一去。
2.What’s
so
special
about
the
shops
in
Nowy
wiat?
A.They’re
all
hidden
in
ancient
buildings.
B.Everything
sold
there
is
very
expensive.
C.Most
goods
sold
there
are
handmade.
D.They
sell
goods
you
can’t
buy
anywhere
else.
答案D
解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“However,Nowywiat
has
a
lot
of
small
shops
and
specialist
shops.It
hasn’t
got
the
huge
department
stores
that
sell
the
same
things
everywhere.”可知,Nowy
wiat的特色商铺卖的东西只能在这里买到。
3.Where
can
you
most
probably
meet
famous
Poles?
A.Cepelia.
B.Pantera.
C.CaféBlikle.
D.PetitBateau.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“stopatCaféBlikle.You’llfind...alotofwell-knownPoles”可知答案。
B
Sometimes
people
make
history.George
Washington
became
the
first
president
of
the
United
States
and
made
history.Sometimes
wars
make
history.The
two
World
Wars
are
examples.Sometimes
nature
even
becomes
part
of
history.Shaking
earthquakes
are
recorded
in
history
books.
Several
years
ago,nature
caused
just
such
a
history-making
event.In
September
2005,Hurricane
Katrina
came
ashore
in
New
Orleans,Louisiana.The
deadly
storm
flooded
New
Orleans.Before
Katrina,no
other
big
American
city
had
ever
been
flooded
in
the
history
of
the
country.This
natural
disaster
caused
great
harm
and
deaths.
New
Orleans
is
located
below
sea
level.This
location
places
it
at
great
risk.Levees
were
built
to
protect
New
Orleans
from
the
ocean.(A
levee
is
like
a
wall
between
the
city
and
the
ocean.)
When
Hurricane
Katrina
came
ashore,water
moved
over
the
levees
into
the
city.Flooding
made
it
necessary
for
everyone
to
leave
the
city.Before
Katrina,Creole
food
(a
special
kind
of
cooking
only
in
Louisiana)
filled
the
air
with
delicious
smells.The
sound
of
jazz
music
traveled
through
the
streets.Now
the
city
has
to
return
to
its
former
glory.
Before
Katrina,the
U.S.government
had
never
made
everyone
leave
a
city.People
in
New
Orleans
had
to
find
shelter
quickly.Some
had
to
stay
at
the
Superdome
Sports
Center.Some
rode
on
buses
to
other
towns.Thousands
drove
their
cars
to
get
away
from
the
storm.The
roads
and
shelters
filled
up
fast.
The
lesson
learned
from
Katrina
was
that
cities
must
be
better
prepared
for
big
storms
and
other
terrible
disasters
caused
by
nature.Being
prepared
might
have
kept
more
people
safe.Hurricane
Katrina
is
one
of
the
history-making
events
that
will
be
remembered
forever.Today,history
is
still
being
made
that
will
shape
the
future.
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了卡特里娜飓风给美国新奥尔良市所造成的影响。
4.WhatdoestheauthortellusaboutNewOrleans?
A.Itwasbuiltabovesealevel.
B.IthadfewjazzmusiciansafterKatrina.
C.ItwasthefirstU.S.citythathadbeenflooded.
D.ItcreatedawhollynewwaytocookafterKatrina.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“BeforeKatrina,nootherbigAmericancityhadeverbeenfloodedinthehistoryofthecountry.”可知,新奥尔良市是美国第一个被洪水淹没的城市。
5.What
can
we
say
about
the
levees?
A.They
were
almost
useless
for
fighting
Katrina.
B.They
helped
people
leave
New
Orleans
quickly.
C.They
made
New
Orleans
a
special
American
city.
D.They
should
be
built
to
match
the
size
of
New
Orleans.
答案A
解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“WhenHurricaneKatrinacameashore,watermovedovertheleveesintothecity.”可知,在对抗卡特里娜飓风的时候,防洪堤几乎没有什么作用。
6.What
might
the
author
advise
city
governments
to
do?
A.Put
up
more
shelters
in
the
city.
B.Build
more
levees
around
the
city.
C.Teach
people
how
to
avoid
floods.
D.Try
to
get
ready
for
natural
disasters.
答案D
解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“ThelessonlearnedfromKatrinawasthatcitiesmustbebetterpreparedforbigstormsandotherterribledisasterscausedbynature.”可知,作者实际上是建议城市应该努力为预防自然灾害做好准备。
7.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Storms
are
dangerous
B.Katrina
makes
history
C.Floods
shape
Louisiana
D.History
must
be
remembered
答案B
解析标题归纳题。由文章首段的关键词madehistory以及下文介绍说明卡特里娜飓风给新奥尔良市所造成的巨大改变可知,B项作标题可以全面概括本文主旨。
二、七选五
Alongandhealthylife
Everyone
wants
to
be
healthy
and
live
a
long
time. 1 Some
years
ago,a
90-year-old
American
writer
gave
some
advice
for
a
long
and
healthy
life:?
?
Believe
in
yourself.
?
Keep
your
mind
active.
?
Be
positive.
?
Love
people
and
enjoy
helping
others.
The
women
of
Okinawa,in
Japan,are
another
great
example. 2 Their
secret?
They
exercise
every
day,they
don’t
have
much
stress
in
their
lives,and,in
general,they
are
positive
and
active.?
But
of
course,diet
is
important,too. 3 They
eat
some
meat,but
they
don’t
eat
any
fat
from
the
meat.And
they
eat
seaweed
(海藻).This
is
good
for
your
heart.?
The
Mediterranean
diet
is
very
healthy,too.It
includes
vegetables,tomatoes,fish,beans,cheese
and
rice. 4 It
comes
from
olive
oil
and
from
fish.?
So,what
do
these
two
diets
tell
us?
?
Don’t
eat
any
bad
fats
—
like
fats
in
sweets,fried
food
and
meat.
?
Eat
healthy
vegetables,fruit,potatoes
and
rice.
? 5 If
you
use
oil,use
a
good
one
like
olive
oil.And
avoid
deep-fried
food!?
?
If
you’re
a
little
hungry,eat
an
apple
or
a
carrot
—
not
a
bag
of
potato
chips!
Eat
well,live
an
active
and
stress-free
life,and
you’ll
live
a
long
time.
A.But
how
can
we
do
it?
B.The
fat
in
this
diet
is
“good
fat”.
C.Be
active
and
do
exercise
every
day.
D.Don’t
use
too
much
oil
when
cooking.
E.Why
do
the
Japanese
women
live
the
longest?
F.The
Okinawa
women
eat
fish,green
vegetables,carrots,fruit
and
sweet
potatoes.
G.They
live
a
long
time,they
are
very
healthy
and
they
don’t
have
many
diseases
or
heart
problems.
答案与解析
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。怎样才能够健康长寿?本文给出了几点建议。
1.A 根据文中的“Everyonewantstobehealthyandlivealongtime.”与“Someyearsago...adviceforalongandhealthylife:”可知,画线处应该是对如何能够健康长寿提出的疑问,故选A项。
2.G 根据上文中的“ThewomenofOkinawa,inJapan,areanothergreatexample.”可知,冲绳的女人们也健康长寿。故G项符合此处语境。
3.F 联系语境及上文中的“Butofcourse,dietisimportant,too.”可知,饮食健康是冲绳女人长寿的一个重要原因,F项介绍了冲绳女人的饮食,故应选F项。
4.B 根据下文中的“Itcomesfromoliveoilandfromfish.”可知,地中海饮食中的脂肪是从橄榄油和鱼中获取的,所以是健康的。
5.D 下文中的“Ifyouuseoil,useagoodonelikeoliveoil.Andavoiddeep-friedfood”与D项“做饭不要用太多油”相呼应。
三、语法填空
Needless
to
say,the
trip
to
the
Great
Barrier
Reef
(大堡礁)
was
a
great
experience.
The
first
day
1.
(begin)
early
at
a
dive
shop
in
Cairns.2.
took
a
few
hours
to
get
to
the
first
reef,so
we
had
a
good
chance
3.
(meet)
the
people
we’d
be
hanging
out
with.?
Diving
was
great.Even
from
the
surface
of
the
water,I
had
a
4.
(wonder)
view
of
the
reef.Between
the
fish
5.
the
endless
coral,there
was
something
interesting
and
beautiful
to
look
at
in
every
6.
(direct).When
the
sun
hit
the
reef,everything
seemed
even
more
bright
and
alive.?
As
we
swam
around,tons
of
colorful
fish
were
diving
in
and
out
of
the
coral
and
I
also
saw
starfish
dancing
in
the
waves
as
sharks
swam
past.I
couldn’t
believe
how
7.
(relax)
I
felt!
Everything
moved
slowly.It
was
so
enjoyable.
I
still
remembered
that
day
8.
I
dove
deep
into
the
Great
Barrier
Reef
with
great
courage.Going
diving
for
my
last
Australian
adventure
was
the
9.
(good)
decision
I
made.If
I
had
to
describe
the
experience
in
one
word,I’d
say
diving
in
the
Great
Barrier
Reef
was
10.
(simple)
unbelievable.?
答案与解析
1.began 考查一般过去时。由前面的Thefirstday可知,此处是对过去事实的描述,应用一般过去时,故填began。
2.It 考查it的用法。设空处做形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语,故填It。
3.tomeet 考查不定式做定语的用法。chance后常跟不定式做定语,表示“做某事的机会”。
4.wonderful 考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰view,表示“极好的”,故填wonderful。
5.and 考查连词。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。
6.direction 考查名词。设空处在此做in的宾语,意为“方向”,且前面有every,故填direction。
7.relaxed 考查过去分词做表语的用法。设空处所在句意为:我无法相信我感到多么的放松(relaxed)。
8.when 考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词day,且在从句中做时间状语,故填when。
9.best 考查形容词最高级。由设空处前面的the可知,应用形容词最高级,故填best。
10.simply 考查副词。设空处做状语修饰unbelievable,表示“非常”,故填simply。
1限时规范练16
Unit
8
Adventure
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、和谐发展的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Back-to-back
hurricanes
hit
the
U.S.Virgin
Islands
last
fall
and
caused
a
lot
of
damage.The
U.S.Army
Corps
of
Engineers
has
collected
more
than
736,000
cubic
yards
of
rubbish
as
they
rush
to
clean
up
St.Thomas,St.John
and
St.Croix,the
Virgin
Islands’
three
major
islands,but
there
is
no
place
to
put
it.Some
of
the
rubbish
is
metal,some
of
it
is
wood
and
parts
of
buildings,but
most
of
it
is
trees
and
other
plants.
The
Army
Corps
will
ship
the
metal
to
the
U.S.mainland
to
be
sold.After
being
cut
up
into
small
parts,wood
and
other
rubbish
will
be
sent
there,too.But
it
is
much
harder
to
get
rid
of
the
trees
and
big
plants.The
Army
Corps
wanted
to
burn
the
plant
waste.It
is
the
cheapest
way
to
get
rid
of
it,which
was
done
in
New
York
and
New
Jersey
after
Hurricane
Sandy
in
2012.
But
people
in
the
Virgin
Islands
thought
it
could
harm
their
health
and
the
health
of
the
islands,too.The
protest
started
on
the
island
of
St.John,which
is
circled
by
coral
reefsand
includes
a
big
national
park.People
on
St.Thomas
and
St.Croix
joined
in,too.
Sending
the
plant
waste
to
the
mainland
is
not
a
good
idea,either.It
includes
insects
that
could
create
problems
in
other
areas.In
Puerto
Rico,an
island
in
the
Caribbean
Sea,the
Army
Corps
is
cutting
plant
waste
into
mulch
(护根),which
helps
improve
the
soil.People
in
the
Virgin
Islands
like
the
idea.But
there
may
not
be
enough
space
for
all
of
it.
And
some
people
are
tired
of
waiting.Raphael
Munchez,whose
home
was
damaged,is
one
of
those
people.“We
need
our
government
to
get
back
on
its
feet,”
he
said.“It’s
struggling
right
now.Nobody
is
worried
about
pollution
right
now.We
are
worried
about
getting
all
of
this
rubbish
off
the
island.”
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了美属维尔京群岛在遭受接连不断的飓风袭击后蒙受了巨大的损失,成堆的垃圾更是无处安放,政府想出各种方法应对此问题。
1.What
troubled
the
Army
Corps
in
the
Virgin
Islands?
A.The
severe
weather.
B.The
mountains
of
rubbish.
C.The
buildings
in
bad
condition.
D.The
damage
caused
by
Hurricane
Sandy.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineershascollected...butthereisnoplacetoputit.”可知,美国陆军工程兵团在美属维尔京群岛遇到的最大困难就是堆积成山的垃圾无处安置。
2.What
did
people
in
the
Virgin
Islands
think
of
burning
the
waste?
A.It
would
not
be
fairly
effective.
B.It
would
not
be
environment-friendly.
C.It
would
help
them
rebuild
their
islands.
D.It
would
destroy
coral
reefs
around
the
island.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ButpeopleintheVirginIslandsthoughtitcouldharmtheirhealthandthehealthoftheislands,too.”可知,美属维尔京群岛的居民认为焚烧垃圾会危害岛上居民的健康以及岛上的生态环境。
3.What
is
the
government
doing
now
to
get
rid
of
the
plant
waste?
A.Burning
it
on
St.Croix.
B.Sending
it
to
the
mainland.
C.Cutting
all
of
it
into
mulch.
D.Still
waiting
for
a
solution.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,政府想把植物垃圾运往美国大陆但是会给其他区域带来问题,若是全部处理为护根,又没有足够的空间,所以政府暂时没有找到一个合适的办法来处理植物垃圾。
4.What
do
Munchez’s
words
in
the
last
paragraph
suggest?
A.There
will
be
a
quick
fix.
B.The
burning
ban
wastes
time.
C.The
government’s
struggle
is
worthy.
D.Pollution
should
be
regarded
as
a
big
problem.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中Munchez的话可知,他认为政府没有必要禁止焚烧植物垃圾,当务之急是赶紧处理掉岛上的垃圾,所以他认为禁止焚烧植物垃圾的做法是在浪费时间。
B
On
December
26,2004,hundreds
of
tourists
relaxed
on
Sri
Lanka’s
Yala
National
Park’s
beaches.But
at
mid-morning
the
park’s
elephants
began
crying
wildly
and
running
away
from
the
ocean
and
up
a
nearby
hill.The
puzzled
keepers
could
tell
the
animals
were
worried
about
something.But
what?
What
the
keepers
did
not
know
was
that
a
30-foot
wall
of
water
was
headed
straight
toward
them.This
tsunami
had
been
caused
by
an
earthquake
more
than
1,000
miles
away
in
the
Indian
Ocean.When
the
huge
wave
hit
the
coast,it
caused
severe
damage.Many
people
died.The
elephants,however,were
not
swept
away
by
the
water.They
stood
safely
on
the
hill.
Scientists
have
long
suspected
that
animals
sense
natural
disasters
before
humans
do.People
have
told
stories
of
dogs
refusing
to
go
outside
and
sharks
swimming
to
deeper
waters
before
a
hurricane.After
the
2004
tsunami,people
said
they
saw
tigers,monkeys,and
water
buffalo
escaping
to
higher
ground
before
the
waters
rushed
in.Even
in
the
hardest-hit
areas
of
southern
Asia,there
were
few
animal
deaths.
It’s
unlikely
that
an
animal’s
so-called
sixth
sense
comes
from
some
magical
power
to
see
into
the
future.Experts
believe
that
animals
may
be
more
sensitive
than
humans
to
changes
in
temperature
and
other
environmental
conditions
that
take
place
before
a
natural
disaster.The
elephants
in
Sri
Lanka,for
example,may
have
picked
up
vibrations
(震动)
from
within
the
Earth,a
sign
that
danger
was
coming.Because
vibrations
in
the
ground
travel
much
faster
than
an
ocean
wave,the
elephants
may
have
felt
the
earthquake
that
caused
the
tsunami
well
before
the
tsunami
itself
came
to
the
coast.
A
few
scientists
are
calling
for
a
system
to
track
reports
of
strange
behavior
in
people’s
pets,hoping
that
these
reports
can
serve
as
a
warning
system
that
a
natural
disaster
is
about
to
happen.But
Marina
Haynes,an
animal
behavior
scientist
at
the
Philadelphia
Zoo,says,“It
would
be
an
unreliable
way
to
predict
disasters.It
can
be
difficult
to
know
what
an
animal
is
doing.Is
the
animal
nervous
because
an
earthquake
is
about
to
happen
or
is
it
frightened
because
there
is
an
enemy
nearby?
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物是如何预测自然灾害的。
5.What
happened
to
the
elephants
in
Sri
Lanka’s
Yala
National
Park
on
December
26,2004?
A.They
died
in
the
natural
disaster.
B.They
were
disturbed
by
the
tourists.
C.They
moved
from
the
hill
to
the
seaside.
D.They
behaved
strangely
before
the
tsunami.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butatmid-morningthepark’selephantsbegancryingwildly...Butwhat?”再结合下文海啸来临的描述可知,大象在海啸来临之前表现得很反常。
6.How
did
the
author
present
animals’
sixth
sense
in
Paragraph
3?
A.By
giving
examples.
B.By
making
comparisons.
C.By
showing
research
findings.
D.By
telling
an
interesting
story.
答案A
解析写作手法题。根据第三段中的“Peoplehavetoldstoriesofdogsrefusingtogooutside...andwaterbuffaloescapingtohighergroundbeforethewatersrushedin.”可知,作者用举例子的手法展现出动物能够提前感知自然灾害的能力。
7.What
is
the
main
idea
of
Paragraph
4?
A.The
advantages
of
being
sensitive.
B.The
influences
of
the
natural
disaster.
C.How
animals
predict
a
natural
disaster.
D.How
elephants
make
use
of
their
sixth
sense.
答案C
解析段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Expertsbelievethatanimalsmaybemoresensitivethanhumans...beforeanaturaldisaster.”及斯里兰卡大象如何提前感知到海啸来临的例子可知,该段主要介绍了动物是如何预测自然灾害的。
8.What
is
Haynes’
attitude
towards
a
warning
system?
A.Delighted.
B.Doubtful.
C.Hopeful.
D.Disappointed.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段Haynes所说的话可知,Haynes认为这种通过观察动物异常行为来预测自然灾害的预警机制不可靠,因为人们很难分辨动物异常行为背后的真正缘由,所以她持怀疑态度。
二、完形填空
My
dog
Chi
Chi
always
has
a
smile
on
her
face.However,before
my
family
adopted
her,her
life
was
pretty 1 .It’s
hard
to
believe
this
sweet
dog
was
once
left
in
a
dustbin.Her
2
was
injured
and
she
was
in
pain.But
when
the
rescuers
got
to
her,her
eyes
shone
with
3
and
she
was
trying
to
get
to
them.Her
rescuers
drove
her
to
the
closest
hospital
to
get
her
4 .The
vets
there
5
her
by
fitting
her
with
a
prosthesis
(假肢)
and
shared
her
6
on
the
Internet.?
That’s
how
my
parents
and
I
first 7
her.For
weeks,we
8
Chi
Chi’s
story
and
discussed
adopting
her.We
9
had
three
dogs.My
mom
wanted
to
know
who
would 10
her,because
it
might
be
a
lot
of
work
to
take
care
of
a
dog
that
was
11 .?
We
had
a
lot
of 12
about
Chi
Chi.Her
rescuers
sent
us
photos
and
videos.After
we
adopted
her,we
made
her
try
different
prostheses
so
she
could
move
around
more 13 .She’s
made
a
lot
of
progress
with
her
14 ,and
now
she
can
even
jump
up
on
the
sofa.?
Chi
Chi
has
a
great
attitude 15
she’s
been
through
something
hard.She’s
always
smiling
and
happy.Chi
Chi
has
a
lot
to
16
about
kindness
and
about
17
little
achievements
(like
making
18
with
walking
or
jumping).She
has
taught
me
to
care
about
the
19
of
others
and
help
them.I’ve
also
noticed
that
when
people
meet
Chi
Chi,they
talk
about
hard
things
they’ve
faced.I
think
she
shows
them
it’s
possible
to
20
anything
difficult.She
sure
encourages
me
to
be
the
best
I
can
be,like
she
is
every
day.?
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者一家救助受伤小狗的故事以及从小狗身上学到的品质。
1.A.normal
B.hard
C.fun
D.strange
答案B
解析由本句中表示转折的副词However和下文中的“thissweetdogwasonceleftinadustbin”可知,在被作者一家收养之前,这只小狗的生活很“艰难(hard)”。
2.A.eye
B.ear
C.leg
D.head
答案C
解析由下文中的“byfittingherwithaprosthesis”可知,这只小狗的“腿(leg)”受了伤。
3.A.imagination
B.responsibility
C.happiness
D.dissatisfaction
答案C
解析由上文中的“shewasinpain”和本句中的转折连词But以及下文中这只小狗的乐观精神可知,这只小狗在看到救援人员时,眼中流露出“欣喜(happiness)”。
4.A.water
B.food
C.courage
D.help
答案D
解析由下文中的“Thevetsthere...herbyfittingherwithaprosthesis”可知,救援人员把这只小狗带到附近的医院接受“帮助(help)”。
5.A.saved
B.protected
C.freed
D.examined
答案A
解析兽医通过给小狗安装假肢“救助(saved)”它。
6.A.price
B.story
C.character
D.desire
答案B
解析下文中的ChiChi’sstory对本空有提示。
7.A.worried
about
B.cared
about
C.dreamed
about
D.heard
about
答案D
解析由下文中的“discussedadoptingher”可知,这是作者一家第一次“听说(heardabout)”这只小狗。
8.A.copied
B.wrote
C.followed
D.doubted
答案C
解析作者一家通过网络“密切关注(followed)”这只小狗的故事。
9.A.already
B.never
C.also
D.even
答案A
解析由上文中的discussed和下文中的“Mymomwantedtoknowwhowould”可推断,作者家“已经(already)”有三只小狗了。
10.A.look
at
B.look
for
C.look
after
D.look
into
答案C
解析由本句中的“becauseitmightbealotofworktotakecareofadog”可知,作者的妈妈想要知道谁想“照顾(lookafter)”这只小狗。
11.A.unsafe
B.disabled
C.usual
D.lonely
答案B
解析由上文中的“byfittingherwithaprosthesis”可知,这只小狗有“残疾(disabled)”。
12.A.ideas
B.opinions
C.feelings
D.questions
答案D
解析由下文中的“Herrescuerssentusphotosandvideos.”可推断,作者一家在收养这只小狗之前有一些“问题(questions)”需要询问。
13.A.slowly
B.comfortably
C.quietly
D.patiently
答案B
解析由上下文语境可知,作者和家人给小狗尝试不同的假肢以使它能走得更“舒服(comfortably)”。
14.A.listening
B.sitting
C.eating
D.walking
答案D
解析由上文中的movearound和下文中的jumpup可知,此处指这只小狗在“走路(walking)”方面进步很大。
15.A.because
B.so
C.although
D.unless
答案C
解析空格前后两部分构成让步关系,故用although。
16.A.choose
B.teach
C.enjoy
D.prepare
答案B
解析下文中的Shehastaughtme对本空有提示。
17.A.discussing
B.using
C.celebrating
D.preventing
答案C
解析由上文可知,这只小狗乐观坚强,因此可推断此处表示“庆贺(celebrating)”小成就。
18.A.progress
B.money
C.mistakes
D.performances
答案A
解析上文中的“She’smadealotofprogress”对本空有提示。
19.A.habits
B.advantages
C.interests
D.difficulties
答案D
解析由下文中的helpthem和“theytalkabouthardthingsthey’vefaced”可知,此处指体谅他人的“难处(difficulties)”。
20.A.avoid
B.solve
C.finish
D.understand
答案B
解析这只小狗用它的经历以及乐观坚强的精神告诉人们,每个人完全有可能“克服(solve)”困难。
三、短文改错
Dad
decided
to
paint
my
bedroom
wall.I
wanted
them
to
be
blue
like
the
sea.Mom
wanted
to
paint
them
yellow
like
Sun.She
said
it
would
be
brighter.I
thought
it
would
be
too
brighter.I
wanted
my
room
to
be
a
cheer
place,but
also
a
place
I
could
relax
in
it.Dad
decided
that
we
should
mix
the
two
colors
together.After
mix
the
paint,I
saw
a
pretty
lightly
green
color.I
nodded
as
soon
as
I
see
it.It
made
me
think
over
fresh
grass
in
summer.Now
I
can
lie
back
reading
a
book
and
it’s
almost
like
I’m
lying
in
grasslands.She
couldn’t
have
asked
for
anything
better.
答案
第一句:wall→walls
第三句:Sun前加the
第四句:brighter→bright
第六句:cheer→cheerful;去掉it
第八句:mix→mixing;lightly→light
第九句:see→saw
第十句:over→of
第十二句:She→I
1(共23张PPT)
Unit
8 Adventure
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.desert
n.
沙漠;荒原
2.tiring
adj.
令人疲劳的
3.extra
adj.
特别的;额外的
4.optional
adj.
可选择的,非强制的
5.organisation
n.
组织,团体,机构
6.uncomfortable
adj.
不舒服的,不自在的
7.porter
n.
行李搬运工
8.luggage
n.
行李
9.accommodation
n.
住处,住所
10.differ
vi.
不同于,有区别
11.footprint
n.
足迹,脚印
12.anxious
adj.
忧虑的;担心的
-3-
13.extreme
adj.
极端的;极度的
14.similarity
n.
类似性;相似性
15.exactly
adv.
精确地;确切地
16.risk
vt.
冒……的危险
17.excitement
n.
兴奋,激动
18.various
adj.
各种各样的;不同的
19.flow
vi.
流动;涌出
20.equipment
n.
设备,配备
21.preference
n.
偏爱,较喜欢的东西
22.jog
vi.
慢跑
23.traveller
n.
旅行者;旅客
24.amaze
vt.
使惊愕(惊奇)
25.goods
n.
商品,物品
-4-
26.confuse
vt.
使困惑
27.fuel
n.
燃料
28.wealthy
adj.
富有的,富裕的
29.author
n.
作者
30.statement
n.
陈述
31.professor
n.
教授
32.hunter
n.
猎人
33.skin
n.
皮肤,皮
34.preparation
n.
预备;准备
35.shock
vt.
震惊;惊骇
36.goal
n.
目标;目的
37.ambition
n.
抱负,志向
38.hopeless
adj.
没有希望的
-5-
39.cheerful
adj.
愉快的;高兴的
40.sadness
n.
悲哀,忧伤
41.function
vi.
运转,发挥作用
42.patience
n.
耐心;忍耐力
43.nationality
n.
国籍
44.aim
n.
目的;目标
45.observe
vt.
观察;观测
46.survival
n.
幸存,残存
47.shelter
n.
庇护所,遮蔽
48.disadvantage
n.
不利;不利条件
-6-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.adventure
n. 冒险的经历;奇遇
2.presenter
n.
节目主持人
3.major
adj.
较重要的;较严重的
4.wild
adj.
野生的;狂热的
5.maximum
adj.
最大的,最多的
6.altitude
n.
高度,海拔
7.dull
adj.
枯燥无味的;暗淡的;迟钝的
8.gymnastics
n.
体操;体操训练
-7-
9.emperor
n.
皇帝
10.court
n.
宫廷;法庭
11.dictation
n.
听写;口述
12.quantity
n.
量,数量
13.distant
adj.
远处的;久远的
14.within
prep.
在……之内,在……内部
15.transport
n.
运输;运送
16.staff
n.
员工,全体工作人员
17.philosophy
n.哲学
18.limit
n.
边界,限度
-8-
『语用规律归纳』
1.易被误认为是可数名词的不可数名词
(1)equipment
设备,配备
(2)baggage=luggage行李
(3)advice建议
(4)furniture家具
(5)progress进步
(6)paper纸
(7)news新闻
(8)work工作
-9-
2.值得注意的以“-ow”结尾的动词的过去式和过去分词
(1)flow→flowed→flowed
流淌
(2)snow→snowed→snowed
下雪
(3)show→showed→shown/showed
显示,展览
(4)blow→blew→blown
吹
(5)allow→allowed→allowed
允许
(6)sow→sowed→sowed/sown
播种
(7)follow→followed→followed
跟随,接着
(8)bow→bowed→bowed
鞠躬
-10-
3.“各种各样”的多种表达
(1)all
kinds
of
(2)all
sorts
of
(3)various
(4)a
variety
of
(5)many
types
of
(6)varieties
of
-11-
『构织连脉词族』
1.adventure
n.
奇遇,冒险的经历→adventurous
adj.
爱冒险的;充满危险的
2.major
adj.
较重要的;较严重的→majority
n.
大多数
3.comfort
vt.
安慰→comfortable
adj.
舒适的→comfortably
adv.
舒适地→uncomfortable
adj.
不舒适的
4.differ
vi.
不同于,有区别→different
adj.
不同的→differently
adv.
不同地→difference
n.
不同,差别
5.anxious
adj.
忧虑的,担心的→anxiously
adv.
忧虑地,担心地→anxiety
n.
忧虑,担心
6.similar
adj.
相似的→similarly
adv.
相似地→similarity
n.
相似性,类似性
-12-
7.excite
vt.
使兴奋→exciting
adj.
令人兴奋的→excited
adj.
对……感到兴奋的→excitement
n.
兴奋,激动
8.prefer
vt.
更喜欢→preference
n.
偏好,较喜欢的东西
9.confuse
vt.
使困惑→confusing
adj.
令人困惑的→confused
adj.
对……感到困惑的→confusion
n.
困惑;混淆
10.ambition
n.
志向,抱负→ambitious
adj.
有抱负的,志向远大的→ambitiously
adv.
有抱负地,志向远大地
11.observe
vt.
观察,观测→observation
n.
观察,观测
12.organise
vt.
为……作安排/准备;筹备→organisation
n.
团体,组织,机构
13.wealth
n.
富有,财富→wealthy
n.
富有的,富裕的
-13-
『语境活用』
1.Exactly(确切地),I
can’t
tell
the
similarities(相似性)
between
the
two
paintings.
2.For
various(各种的)
reasons,a
lot
of
small
companies
have
to
fight
for
survival(生存).
3.Now
many
Chinese
universities
attract
many
students
with
ambition(抱负)
from
different
nationalities(国籍).
4.As
a
traveller(旅行者),you
should
remember
never
to
leave
your
luggage(行李)
to
strangers.
5.Boys
and
girls,only
if
you
live
a(n)
uncomfortable(不舒适的)
life
now
can
you
gain
wealth(财富)
in
the
future.
-14-
1.run
out
of
用完,耗尽
2.back
out
决定不履行(允诺的事)
3.take
off
起飞
4.get
across
使被理解
5.stand
by
坚持(某种说法);支持(某人)
6.be
similar
to
和……相似
7.in
turn轮流;相应地,继而,反过来
8.break
out
(坏事)突然发生,爆发
9.turn
up
出现,到场
10.carry
on
doing
sth继续做某事
-15-
『语境活用』
用上面的短语填空
1.If
a
war
broke
out,the
people
would
suffer
a
lot.
2.Jack
promised
to
be
here
at
eight.However,it’s
nearly
eight
thirty.He
hasn’t
turned
up.
3.After
repeating
several
times,the
foreigner
eventually
got
himself
across
to
us.
4.Hurry
up!
Our
flight
takes
off
at
ten.
5.Whatever
happens,I’ll
always
stand
by
you.
-16-
『语用规律归纳』
1.表示目的的短语集锦
(1)in
order
to
do
(2)in
order
that...
(3)so
as
to
do
(4)for
the
purpose
of
doing
(5)aim
at
doing
(6)aim
to
do
(7)intend
to
do
(8)have
the
intention
to
do
-17-
2.表示“渴望,热衷于”的短语
(1)be
anxious
for
渴望得到……
(2)be
anxious
to
do
渴望做……
(3)be
keen
on
doing
热衷于做……
(4)be
eager
to
do
急切地要做……
(5)be
wild
about
热衷于……
(6)be
crazy
about
热衷于……
3.“即将到来”的表达
(1)on
the
horizon
(2)on
the
way
(3)around
the
corner
(4)draw
near
(5)approach
-18-
『领悟教材语境』
1.But
it’s
worth
waiting
for.(Page
25)
但它值得等待。
[考点提炼]sth
is
worth
doing某事值得做。
2.A
friend
of
mine
has
just
started
jogging
in
order
to
get
fit.(Page
25)
我的一位朋友为了保持健康刚开始进行慢跑。
[考点提炼]in
order
to
do表示目的。
3.Marco
was
surprised
to
see
Chinese
people
using
paper
money
in
the
markets.(Page
26)
马可看到中国人在集市上使用纸币很吃惊。
[考点提炼]be
surprised
to
do表示“吃惊地做……”。
-19-
4.The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates,who
was
having
great
difficulty
walking
.(Page
28)
接下来离开的是奥茨上校,他行走艰难。
[考点提炼]have
difficulty(in)doing
sth在……方面有困难(或麻烦);对……有困难
5.It
seems
a
pity,but
I
do
not
think
I
can
write
more.(Page
28)?
似乎很遗憾,但我认为我不能写更多的话了。
[考点提炼]I
think后宾语从句的否定转移。
-20-
『高考写作情景』
1.这个问题很值得讨论。
The
problem
is
well
worth
talking
about.
2.为了不落后于别人,那个残疾的男孩提前两小时出发。
The
disabled
boy
set
off
two
hours
ahead
of
time
in
order
not
to
fall
behind
others.
3.看到那个村子十分美丽我们很吃惊。
We
were
surprised
to
see
that
village
so
beautiful.
4.我发现那位外国朋友记住汉字有困难。
I
found
that
the
foreign
friend
had
difficulty
(in)
remembering
Chinese
characters.
5.我们认为人工智能将不会代替人类。
We
don’t
think
AI
will
take
the
place
of
human.
-21-
『主题与语法填空』
A
lot
of
hiking
holidays
sound
1.exciting(excite),but
the
reality
is
often
very
different.Hiking
trips
can
be
2.uncomfortable(comfort)and
even
dangerous.3.However,at
Adventure
2000
we
feel
that
we
understand
the
needs
of
hikers.All
our
guides
have
several
years
of
experience
4.in
leading
hiking
trips
in
the
Himalayas.As
well
as
group
guides,all
teams
have
cooks
and
porters.5.While
on
a
hiking
trip,our
cooks
prepare
delicious
meals.And
our
porters
carry
your
luggage,6.meaning(mean)that
you
can
simply
enjoy
the
experience.
Your
travel,accommodation
and
all
your
flights
7.are
organised(organise)
by
the
Adventure
2000.There
are
also
special
offers
for
people
8.who/that
don’t
want
to
go
straight
home
afterwards.This
is
9. a
Class
A
hike—you
have
to
be
fit.Class
B
and
C
hikes
are
10.easier(easy),so
you
don’t
need
to
be
so
fit.?
-22-
-23-
