(共60张PPT)
Unit
11 The
Media
-2-
1.demand
vt.要求,请求 n.需要,需求
[教材原句]Reforms
have
been
demanded
by
people
from
all
over
the
world.(P22)
全世界的人们都要求改革。
-3-
语境巧练
单句填空
①So
instead
of
eating
a
piece
of
yesterday’s
bread
from
the
supermarket,you’d
eat
something
baked
just
for
you
on
demand.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
②In
America
the
demand
for
oil
has
grown
by
22
percent
since
1990.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)
③I
guess
that
there’s
probably
some
demanding
(demand)
work
schedule,or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
完成句子
④The
villagers
demanded
that
a
new
road
leading
to
the
city
should
be
built
right
away.?
村民们要求立刻修建一条通向城里的道路。
-4-
考点必记
①demand
to
do
sth要求做某事
demand
that...要求……
in
demand有需要,受欢迎
on
demand一经要求
make
demands
on/of对……提出要求
demand
for需要……
②demanding
adj.要求高的
写作佳句
The
government
demanded
to
take
immediate
action
to
stop
the
rainforest
fires.政府要求立即采取行动以停止雨林的大火。
-5-
2.announce
vt.宣布,宣告
[教材原句]At
12:45
UK
time
today,the
name
of
the
host
city
for
the
2012
Olympic
Games
was
being
announced
by
the
International
Olympics
Committee
(IOC)
in
Singapore.It
was
London.(P23)
今天英国时间12:45分,国际奥委会在新加坡宣布了2012年奥林匹克运动会主办城市的名字——伦敦。
-6-
语境巧练
单句填空
①He
said
the
lucky
woman
will
be
announced
(announce)
on
the
website
and
the
trip
will
be
shared
online.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)?
②She
announced
to
her
family
of
four,“That’s
what
we’re
going
to
do
for
our
spring
break!”
③The
public
were
shocked
by
the
announcement
(announce)
that
the
mayor
was
resigning.
-7-
考点必记
①announce
sth(to
sb)(向某人)宣布某事
announce
that...宣布……
②announcement
n.宣布,公告,告知,声明
announcer
n.宣布者,播音员
词义精析
①announce指正式地“公开,发表,宣布”,侧重“预告”人们所关心和感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息。
②declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布,宣告,声明”,侧重“公开”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。declare后可跟复合结构。
-8-
3.evidence
n.证据,证明
[教材原句]No
one
has
yet
discovered
who
is
responsible
for
the
incidents
but
police
are
already
collecting
evidence.(P23)
目前还没有人发现谁应对这些事件负责,但警方已经在收集证据。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Scientists
have
obtained
more
evidence
that
plastic
is
finding
its
way
into
the
human
body.(2019·江苏卷,单项填空)
②Some
projects
whose
bad
influences
on
our
society
are
evident
(evidence)
will
be
cancelled.
完成句子
③It
is
evident
that
a
big
kettle
containing
boiling
water
will
give
out
more
heat
than
a
smaller
one.?
清楚的是,盛有开水的大水壶要比小水壶放出的热量多。
-9-
考点必记
①clear/strong/good
evidence
清晰的/强有力的/好的证据
evidence
to
do做……的根据
evidence
that...……的证据
②evident
adj.明显的,显然的
It’s
evident
that...……是很明显的
名师点津
evidence后常用that引导的同位语从句,对evidence的内容加以解释。
-10-
4.arise
vi.发生,出现;起身,起立
语境巧练
单句填空
①Can
we
begin
by
discussing
matters
arising
from
the
last
meeting?
用arise,arouse,rise或raise的恰当形式填空
②Several
new
companies
arose
in
our
village
last
year.
③Many
people
are
watching
the
soldiers
raising
the
national
flag.
④He
fell
into
a
sound
sleep.Don’t
arouse
him.
⑤Standing
on
the
hill,we
saw
smoke
rising
down
in
the
village.
-11-
考点必记
sth
arises出现了某事
arise
from/out
of由……产生
词义精析
arise
(arose,arisen,arising)
vi.出现,发生,起因于
arouse
(aroused,aroused,arousing)
vt.唤醒,激起
rise
(rose,risen,rising)
vi.升起,起身,增长,上升
raise
(raised,raised,raising)
vt.举起,唤起,提高,饲养,筹款,招兵
-12-
5.employ
vt.雇用;聘请;使忙于;使从事于
[教材原句]The
paparazzi
are
self-employed
photographers.(P24)
狗仔队是自我经营的摄影师。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Modern
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
(employ)
only
since
the
mid-1980s.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
②According
to
the
Dallas
Area
Cultural
Advocacy
Coalition,arts
agencies
employ
more
than
10,000
people
as
full-or
part-time
employees
(employ)
or
independent
contractors.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
-13-
③At
that
time,he
was
employed
as
an
English
teacher
in
a
private
school.
完成句子
④Steve
has
been
employed
in
making
preparations
for
the
press
conference
all
morning.?
史蒂芬整个上午都在忙着为新闻发布会做准备。
-14-
考点必记
①employ
sb
in
doing
sth=employ
sb
to
do
sth雇用某人做某事……
employ
sb
as雇用某人为……
employ
sth
to
do
sth利用某物做某事
employ
oneself
in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
to
do
sth受雇做某事
②employer
n.雇主
employee
n.雇员
unemployed
adj.失业的
employment
n.雇用
unemployment
n.失业
写作佳句
A
baby-sitter
has
been
employed
to
do
the
housework
and
look
after
the
baby.已雇用一位保姆做家务,照看孩子。
-15-
6.blame
vt.责怪,谴责,归咎于 n.责任;责备
[教材原句]The
media
is
often
blamed
for
encouraging
the
paparazzi.(P24)
媒体经常因鼓励狗仔队而受到指责。
语境巧练
单句填空
①You
should
not
blame
others
for
what
is
your
own
fault.
②Some
social
app
companies
were
to
blame
(blame)
because
they
didn’t
adequately
check
their
users’
registration.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Many
times
it’s
our
parents
who
we
take
the
blame
for
what
otherwise
should
be
taken
by
ourselves.
完成句子
④It’s
not
wise
to
blame
the
accident
on
the
pedestrian.把这起事故归咎于行人是不明智的。?
-16-
考点必记
blame
sb
for
sth/doing
sth因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
be
to
blame(for)应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
blame
sth
on
sb把某事归咎于某人
put/lay
the
blame
for
sth
on
sb将某事归咎于某人
accept/bear/take
the
blame
for
sth对某事负责任
写作佳句
The
shepherd
should
take
the
blame
for
destroying
the
crops.牧羊人应该为毁掉庄稼承担责任。
-17-
7.attempt
vt.&
n.尝试,试图
[教材原句]But
sometimes,the
paparazzi
go
too
far
in
their
attempt
to
get
the
best
photographs.(P24)
但有时候,狗仔队在尝试获得最佳照片方面太过分了。
-18-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
boy
wore
a
mask
in
an
attempt
to
frighten
the
dog
away.
②Jack
turned
to
his
Chinese
friend,attempting
to
end
(end)
his
trouble.?
③Therefore
attempts
may
be
made
to
fill
(fill)
every
gap
(间隙)
with
conversation.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
完成句子
④The
foreign
company
has
brought
in
advanced
equipment
from
China,making
an
attempt
at
raising/to
raise
its
production.?
那家外国公司已经从中国引进先进的设备,试图提高产量。
-19-
考点必记
①attempt
sth尝试某事
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
make
an(no)
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth(不)尝试做某事
in
an
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
at
the
first
attempt第一次尝试
②attempted
adj.未遂的,企图的
写作佳句
My
sister
goes
on
a
healthy
diet
and
keeps
regular
exercise
in
an
attempt
to
lose
weight.我姐姐进行健康饮食,坚持有规律的锻炼,试图减肥。
-20-
8.defend
vt.保卫,防御;辩解,辩护
[教材原句]But
I
know
there
are
people
who
defend
the
paparazzi.(P24)
但我知道有人为狗仔队辩护。
语境巧练
单句填空
①They
help
the
body
defend
itself
against/
from
some
kinds
of
infections.(2016·四川卷,七选五)?
②The
traveler
may
fire
at
a
wild
beast
to
defend
(defend)himself
in
case
he
is
attacked.?
③You
are
said
to
have
shot
flaming
arrows
at
the
city’s
defensive
(defend)
building,setting
it
on
fire.(2018·上海卷,听力)
-21-
考点必记
①defend
sb/sth保护某人/某物
defend
against/from保卫;抵抗
②defence
n.防卫,防卫设备,辩护
defensive
adj.防御的,防卫的
in
defence
of保卫……;为……辩护
写作佳句
Is
there
any
man
unwilling
to
fight
in
defence
of
his
country?有没有人不愿为保卫自己的国家而战?
-22-
9.pretend
vt.假装;装作
[教材原句]Pretending
to
be
a
repair
man
to
get
into
the
house
of
a
film
star
and
take
pictures
of
her
daily
life.(P24)
假装是一名修理工进入一位电影明星的家,拍摄她的日常生活照片。
-23-
语境巧练
单句填空
①As
a
matter
of
fact,many
people
pretend
to
know
(know)
what
they
don’t
really
know.?
②When
seeing
the
police,the
thief
pretended
to
be
phoning
(phone)
his
friend.?
③I
had
been
lying
to
myself,pretending
(pretend)
that
everything
was
fine.
完成句子
④The
kid
pretended
to
have
washed
his
face,but
in
practice
he
didn’t.?
那个孩子假称已经洗过脸了,但实际上他并没有洗。
-24-
考点必记
pretend
to
do
sth假装做某事
pretend
to
be
doing
sth假装正在做某事
pretend
to
have
done
sth假装已经做了某事
pretend
that...假称……
pretend
to
be...假称是……
名师点津
pretend后需用动词不定式或宾语从句结构,而不可用动词-ing形式,且在其后用动词不定式时,应根据其发生情况而使用不同的形式。
-25-
10.respect
vt.尊敬,尊重 n.尊敬,敬重;敬意;方面
[教材原句]The
media
should
respect
famous
people’s
privacy.(P25)
媒体应该尊重名人的隐私。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Let
them
know
that
you
are
there
to
help
in
any
way
that
is
acceptable,while
still
respecting
(respect)
the
privacy
of
your
neighbor.(2018·浙江卷,七选五)
②I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
respectful
(respect)
profession,without
going
to
college.(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
③We
were
respectful
(respect)
of
craft
(技艺)
and
focused
on
digging
into
the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
-26-
完成句子
④The
retired
headmaster
devotes
himself
to
helping
develop
the
education
in
the
poor
area,which
wins
the
respect
of
the
whole
society.?
那位退休的校长为帮助发展贫穷地区教育而奉献,这赢得了整个社会的尊重。
-27-
考点必记
①respect
sb
for
(doing)
sth因(做)某事而尊重某人
show
respect
for
sb对某人表示尊敬
with
respect
to关于,至于,就……而言
with
respect尊重地
win/earn
the
respect
of
sb赢得某人的尊重
in
respect
of在……方面
in
this
respect在这方面
②respectful
adj.尊敬的;有礼貌的;谦恭的
respective
adj.分别的;各自的
respectable
adj.值得尊敬的
disrespectful
adj.无礼的,不敬重的
-28-
名师点津
表示“在……方面”常用:in
respect
of,in
the
aspect
of,in
terms
of,in
regard
to等。
-29-
11.approach
v.靠近,接近;着手处理,对付 n.方法,方式;靠近;道路,入口
[教材原句]For
many
of
today’s
advertisers,repeating
old
ideas
is
not
a
successful
approach.(P26)
对当今很多广告设计者来说,重复旧的理念已不是有效的方法。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Approaching
(approach)
the
vehicle,they
saw
that
a
woman
was
trying
to
get
out
of
the
broken
window.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
②Since
the
new
approach
to
teaching
(teach)
language
was
adopted,our
English
classes
have
been
more
and
more
interesting.
完成句子
③At
the
approach
of
the
storm,large
numbers
of
insects
fly
in
the
sky.
在风暴即将来临时,空中飞舞着许多昆虫。
-30-
考点必记
at
the
approach
of在……即将来临时
make
an
approach
to对……进行探讨;走近……,向……靠近
approach
to
(doing)
sth接近;……的方法
名师点津
approach做动词用表示“靠近”时常为及物动词,后可直接带宾语,当其用作名词表示“方法”时,后常用介词to,表示“……的方法”,to后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
-31-
12.consideration
n.考虑;(做计划或决定时)必须考虑的事;考虑周到,体谅,顾及
[教材原句]We
have
always
tried
to
keep
bad
language
away
from
innocent
ears
and
this
is
a
very
important
consideration
when
deciding
at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
are
shown.(P28)
我们一直努力使天真的儿童远离不良语言,在决定每天什么时候播放某些节目时,这是一个非常重要的考虑因素。
-32-
语境巧练
单句填空
①A
large
quantity
of
users
always
take
fuel
consumption
into
consideration
(consider)
when
buying
a
car.
②Being
a
good
neighbor
is
more
or
less
about
considerate
(consider)
behavior.(2018·浙江卷,七选五)
③The
teacher
did
not
consider
it
necessary
to
report
the
incident
to
the
student’s
parents.
完成句子
④All
the
aspects
related
to
the
activity
are
now
under
consideration.
一切和此次活动有关的因素都正在考虑之中。
-33-
考点必记
①out
of
consideration
for...出于对……的考虑
under
consideration在考虑中
take...into
consideration考虑……
②consider
v.考虑;认为
considerate
adj.体贴的;考虑周到的
consider
doing
sth考虑做某事
consider
it
necessary/important...to
do
sth认为做……是必要的/重要的
写作佳句
To
meet
the
students’
reading
demands,the
school
considers
building
a
new
library.为了满足学生读书的需要,学校考虑建一个新的图书馆。
-34-
13.conclude
vt.做出结论;结束;结束时说
[教材原句]Leeds
University
concluded
that
people
made
a
distinction
between
bad
language
used
in
programmes
for
adults,and
those
meant
for
children.(P28)
利兹大学得出结论,人们对成年人节目和儿童节目中使用的不良语言是有区分的。
-35-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
American-born
architect
Robert
Venturi
concluded
that
if
simplicity
is
done
badly,the
result
is
soulless
design.(2016·上海卷,语法和词汇)
②We
can
conclude
from
the
results
that
the
experiment
was
a
failure.
完成句子
③The
headmaster
concluded
his
speech
with
a
saying
“Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.”?
校长以一句谚语“有志者事竟成”结束了他的演讲。
-36-
考点必记
①conclude
sth
with
sth以……结束……
conclude
from
sth
that...从……中得出/推断出……
②conclusion
n.结论,断案,结尾
draw/come
to/arrive
at/reach
a
conclusion得出结论
in
conclusion最后,总之
写作佳句
We
can
safely
draw
the
conclusion
that
the
harder
you
are,the
luckier
you
will
be.我们能很有把握地得出结论:越努力,越幸运。
-37-
14.stand
for
代表,支持,忍受(某事情)
[教材原句]What
does
“G8”
stand
for?(P22)
“G8”代表什么呢?
语境巧练
单句填空
①When
the
studio
didn’t
want
me
for
the
film—it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul—he
stood
up
for
me.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
②In
China,these
knots
stand
for
friendship,love
and
good
luck.
完成句子
③Only
if
you
work
hard
and
persist
can
you
stand
out.?
只有你努力工作并坚持不懈,你才能脱颖而出。
-38-
考点必记
stand
in
(for
sb)代替;顶替(某人)
stand
by支持;袖手旁观;遵守(诺言等)
stand
out突出;显眼
stand
over
sb监视某人
stand
up
to
sb勇敢地反对某人
stand
up
for坚持;拥护;支持;捍卫
名师点津
stand
by带有宾语时表示“支持某人”,而当其不带宾语时则表示“袖手旁观”。
-39-
15.in
favour
of支持,赞同
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
manager
couldn’t
give
any
reason
why
he
was
in
favour
of
the
reform.
②Could
you
do
me
a
favour
and
tell
Kelly
that
I
can’t
accompany
her
on
violin?
完成句子
③The
majority
of
the
people
at
the
meeting
were
in
favour
of
the
reform
in
the
law.?
会上大多数人都支持对法律进行改革。
-40-
考点必记
in
one’s
favour有利于某人
do
sb
a
favour=do
a
favour
for
sb帮某人的忙
ask
a
favour
of
sb请某人帮个忙
owe
sb
a
favour欠某人一个人情
名师点津
表示“支持某人”的结构还有:be
for
sb,agree
with
sb,support
sb,be
in
support
of
sb等。
-41-
16.consist
of
由……组成
[教材原句]Some
advertisements
consist
of
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are.(P26)有些广告含有一些专家的图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
-42-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
extensive
collection
consists
(consist)
of
masterworks
in
sculpture,colored
glass,and
precious
objects
from
Europe
dating
from
about
the
9th
to
the
15th
century.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解
A篇)
②Most
are
also
equipped
with
automatic
fire
alarm
systems
consisting
(consist)
of
heat
detectors,smoke
detectors
and
sprinklers.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)
完成句子
③What
a
surprise!The
team
consisting
of
only
twelve
players
at
last
won
the
champion.?
真是惊喜!那支只有十二人组成的足球队最后赢得了冠军。
-43-
考点必记
①consist
of由……组成
consist
in=lie
in存在于,在于
②consistent
adj.一致的;持续的
be
consistent
with与……一致
be
consistent
in在……方面一致
名师点津
consist
of=be
made
up
of=be
composed
of,注意:consist
of没有被动语态,应用主动表示被动意义,在句中也不用其过去分词形式做定语或状语。
写作佳句
Success
consists
in
the
ability
to
continue
efforts
through
failures.成功在于经过失败继续努力的能力。
-44-
17.“of+抽象名词”结构
[教材原句]AIDS
is
another
problem
of
great
concern
so
sex
education
and
health
care
administration
are
extremely
important.(P22)艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。
-45-
语境巧练
单句填空
①The
two
brothers
live
in
the
same
neighbourhood
and
their
apartments
are
of
the
same
size.
完成句子
②Working
out
regularly
is
of
great
benefit
to
your
health.?
经常锻炼对你的健康十分有益。
③The
shopkeeper
claimed
that
the
goods
in
his
store
were
of
good
quality.?
店主声称他店里的商品质量好。
-46-
考点必记
①“of+抽象名词”相当于一个和该名词对应的形容词。有类似用法的有:of
importance=important;of
value=valuable;of
no
use=useless;of
significance=significant;of
benefit=beneficial等。
②该结构在句中常做表语、定语或宾语补足语,说明事物的性质或状态。
③此结构还常用于:of
(+different,the
same,similar等)+名词(colour,kind,type,sort,shape,size,age,date,width,depth,weight,height,length,quality,character,feature等)。
-47-
18.that引导表语从句
[教材原句]Their
belief
is
that
this
is
the
only
way
for
many
of
these
nations
to
escape
their
painful
pasts.(P22)人们坚信,这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一的出路。
语境巧练
单句填空
①And
the
other
was
that
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,短文改错)
②But
good
news
is
that
there’re
really
only
three
kinds
of
decisions
you
need
to
make
about
color
in
your
home:
the
small
ones,the
medium
ones,and
the
large
ones.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
③And
now
when
I
look
at
it,I
think
her
presence
in
the
photo
is
what
makes
the
image
interesting.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
-48-
考点必记
Their
belief
is
that...“他们的信念是……”,其中that引导的是一个表语从句。
名师点津
①表语从句可以由多个关系词引导,如whether,how,why,when,where,that,what,because,as
if等,除了that外,其他的关系词在从句中都有一定的意义。
②引导表语从句时that在从句中不表示任何意思,但也不可省略。
-49-
19.常用的用主动形式表示被动含义的句型
[教材原句]Some
advertisements
consist
of
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are.(P26)有些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
语境巧练
单句填空
①Her
friends
came
to
help
her
when
the
war
broke
(break)out.(2017·浙江卷,完形填空)
②Think
of
the
people
who
belong
(belong)
to
book
groups.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)
单句改错
③She
has
a
mental
toughness
that
was
not
come
about
by
chance.(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)was→did
-50-
考点必记
consist
of在句中应用主动结构表示被动含义。下面的短语也常用主动表示被动意义:
break
out爆发
date
back
to=date
from追溯到……
run
out用完
come
out出版
take
place发生
get
across
to被……理解
come
about发生
come
into
being形成
come
true实现
belong
to属于
-51-
20.do
everything
sb
can句型
[教材原句]We
should
do
everything
we
can
to
stop
this
airport.(P30)我们应该尽力来阻止这个机场。
语境巧练
完成句子
①Everybody
should
do
everything/what
he
can
to
protect
the
environment.?
每个人都应竭尽所能保护环境。
②The
doctors
did
what
they
could
to
save
the
girl.?
医生们竭尽所能挽救那个女孩。
-52-
考点必记
①we
should
do
everything
we
can
to
do...表示“我们应该尽力做……来……”。句中we
can是一个定语从句,修饰everything,引导词that省略了,而定语从句中省去了动词do。
②该句式也可改为We
should
do
what
we
can
to
do...
-53-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The
challenge
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
demanding
(demand)
exercise
required
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.(2019·浙江卷,完形填空)
2.While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°,there
is
evidence
that
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)
3.If
you
are
a
teenager
living
in
certain
parts
of
the
province,you
could
be
eligible(符合条件)
for
this
program,which
provides
eight
weeks
of
paid
employment
(employ)
along
with
training.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)
-54-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
4.Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
(climb)
Kilimanjaro,the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
5.So
I
carried
around
a
book,and
each
night,just
to
be
like
her,I
would
pretend
to
be
reading
(read).(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
6.If
a
child
approaches
(approach)
him,he
will
pause
to
give
that
child
his
undivided
attention.(2019·天津卷,阅读表达)
7.When
he
brings
his
speech
to
a
nice
conclusion
(conclude),Whaley
invites
the
rest
of
the
class
to
praise
him.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)
-55-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
8.Workers
are
respectable
(respect).Bosses
should
also
treat
them
equally
and
kindly.
9.The
good
news
is
that
I
can
help
my
own
kids
learn
earlier
than
I
did
how
to
live
(live)
more
with
less.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
10.College
is
where
you
meet
your
brides
maids,groomsmen,neighbors,and
potential
bosses.(2016·浙江卷,六选五)
-56-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys
to
associate
26
clearly
different
symbols
consisted
of
numbers
and
selective
letters
with
0-25
drops
of
water
or
juice
as
a
reward.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)consisted→consisting
2.—I
guess
you
want
to
play
tennis.
—You
read
my
mind.That’s
exactly
that
I
was
thinking
too.
that→what
3.In
1812,the
year
Charles
Dickens
was
born,there
were
66
novels
publishing
in
Britain.(2019·浙江卷,阅读理解A篇)
publishing→published
-57-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
4.Another
way
of
setting
realistic
goals
is
to
analysis
your
short
and
long
term
objectives,keeping
in
mind
your
beliefs,values
and
strengths.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)analysis→analyse
5.With
any
luck,he’ll
turn
a
few
more
heads
on
the
process.(2019·浙江卷,完形填空)on→in
6.To
his
disappointment,none
of
the
people
present
were
in
the
favour
of
him.去掉favour前的the
7.What’s
particularly
interesting
is
the
attitude
various
cities
have
from
Dubanchet’s
cause.(2019·浙江卷,完形填空)from→towards
8.I
greeted
her
on
the
way,but
she
pretended
not
see
me
and
just
ignored
me.
see前加to
-58-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
9.In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunavut
have
reported
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,leading
to
a
belief
which
populations
are
increasing.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)which→that
10.Our
company
has
been
determined
to
promote
their
newly-designed
project
on
the
advertise
page
of
the
local
evening
paper.
advertise→advertisement
-59-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.随着科学技术的迅速发展,各种媒体已经得到了很好的发展。(with)
2.因此,越来越多的人喜欢借助诸如报纸、电视及网络等媒体的帮助来购物。(a
number
of)
3.通过媒体购物一方面可以帮助节省时间和钱,因为你不必亲自去商店。(on
the
one
hand)
4.另一方面,你有时可能会受到虚假信息的欺骗而可能承受损失。(be
cheated)
-60-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
With
the
rapid
development
of
science
and
technology,various
kinds
of
media
have
been
well
developed.As
a
result,an
increasing
number
of
people
are
fond
of
purchasing
goods
with
the
help
of
media,such
as
newspapers,TV
and
the
Internet.
Shopping
via
media,on
the
one
hand,can
help
save
much
time
and
money
since
you
do
not
have
to
go
to
the
shops
in
person.Besides,you
can
choose
what
you
want
from
an
enormous
variety
of
goods
on
display.On
the
other
hand,you
may
be
cheated
sometimes
by
the
false
information
and
suffer
a
possible
loss.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,shopping
via
media
brings
great
benefit
to
our
life
and
our
economy
on
the
whole.As
long
as
we
use
media
properly,we
can
enjoy
its
great
convenience.限时规范练21
Unit
11
The
Media
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、关注英语语言幽默的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Forget
calling
the
front
desk.If
you’re
a
guest
at
an
Affinia
hotel,the
staff
will
try
to
find
out
what
you
need
just
by
looking
at
you.
The
Affinia
Hotel
Collection
is
improving
service
in
its
five
hotels
in
New
York
City
and
one
each
in
Chicago
and
Washington,D.C.Everyone
from
housekeeping
to
management
will
communicate
with
guests
based
on
body
language.
A
body
language
expert
trained
employees
on
what
cues
(信号)
to
look
for.A
guest
who
makes
eye
contact
while
walking
down
the
hall,for
example,may
be
open
to
conversation.A
businessman
frequently
touching
an
ear
is
probably
nervous
and
may
be
interested
in
a
therapeutic
pillow
(理疗枕头).
“So
many
companies,when
they
talk
about
service,they
program
it
to
how
many
rings
till
you
answer
the
phone,”
says
John
Moser,marketing
officer
for
Affinia.“That
doesn’t
sound
very
reasonable.Let’s
give
employees
some
tools
they
can
use
to
find
out
what’s
the
right
way
to
talk
with
somebody
at
a
particular
time.”
Patti
Wood,a
body
language
expert
who
carried
out
the
Affinia
training,says
she
has
never
seen
such
training
given
to
all
hotel
employees.“All
of
the
training
is
to
make
sure
every
single
guest
is
treated
as
special,”
she
says.
Staff
questions
about
a
guest’s
day
won’t
disappear,Moser
says.But,he
says,small
talk
isn’t
always
enough
to
get
a
reading
of
a
guest’s
needs.“You
can’t
always
tell
from
the
first
sentence
whether
someone
is
happy
or
unhappy,”
he
says.“Measuring
some
of
the
things
they’re
showing,with
the
way
they’re
talking
to
you,can
help
our
employees
provide
a
service
that’s
more
personal
for
them.”
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。为了提供更好的服务,Affinia连锁酒店培训员工识别客人的肢体语言。
1.WhatareAffiniahotelsdoing?
A.Understandingtheiremployeesbetter.
B.Settingupnewhotelsindifferentcities.
C.Improvingtheiremployees’bodylanguage.
D.Trainingemployeestounderstandguests’needsbetter.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段末的“Everyonefromhousekeepingtomanagementwillcommunicatewithguestsbasedonbodylanguage.”及第三段开头的“Abodylanguageexperttrainedemployeesonwhatcuestolookfor.”可知,Affinia连锁酒店培训其员工识别客人的肢体语言,以便更好地与其交流。
2.What
should
a
hotel
employee
do
if
a
guest
looks
into
his
or
her
eye?
A.Offer
a
pillow.
B.Make
small
talk.
C.Avoid
speaking
to
the
guest.
D.Be
open
to
the
guest’s
suggestions.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Aguestwhomakeseyecontactwhilewalkingdownthehall,forexample,maybeopentoconversation.”可知,如果一名客人与酒店服务人员进行眼神接触,说明该客人有交流的意愿。
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.The
hotel.
B.The
phone.
C.The
service.
D.The
company.
答案C
解析代词指代题。画线词所在句的意思是:有些公司根据电话铃响几次之后员工才接起电话来设定服务的水准。it指代的是服务。
B
Halloween
has
always
been
my
favorite
holiday.As
a
child,I
looked
forward
all
year
to
dressing
up
and
going
trick-or-treating.I
still
love
putting
on
costumes
and
cutting
pumpkins.However,with
childhood
obesity
on
the
rise,many
parents
nowadays
want
to
limit
added
sugars
in
their
children’s
diets.
I
spoke
to
dozens
of
parents
about
how
they
deal
with
Halloween
candy.Some
parents
avoid
taking
their
kids
trick-or-treating
and
take
them
swimming
or
doing
other
sports
instead.Their
kids
haven’t
complained.And
then
there
are
parents
who
take
their
kids
trick-or-treating
and
maybe
let
them
have
a
couple
of
pieces
of
candy
that
evening.Once
the
kids
are
in
bed,the
parents
change
the
candy
for
a
toy.
A
Pennsylvania
State
University
study
shows,however,that
girls
who
have
treats
on
a
regular
basis
eat
less
of
these
foods
when
they
are
offered
them
and
are
likely
to
have
a
better
body
shape.Another
study
from
the
Netherlands
compared
the
eating
behaviors
of
children
who
were
told
they
couldn’t
have
sweets
or
were
allowed
to
eat
what
they
wanted.The
restricted
(受限制的)
groups
wanted
more
of
the
foods
they
weren’t
allowed
to
have
and
ate
more
on
the
whole.
As
a
food
expert,I
tell
parents
to
see
Halloween
as
a
learning
opportunity.Sweets
and
other
treats
are
part
of
life,and
keeping
kids
from
less
healthy
foods
doesn’t
teach
them
how
to
manage
them
and
control
their
eating
as
adults.It’s
fine
for
kids
to
have
a
few
pieces
of
candy
a
day,for
example,as
dessert
after
a
meal.One
way
to
do
this
is
to
have
a
piece
of
candy
with
lunch.This
encourages
mindful
eating
rather
than
distracted
(注意力分散的)
eating
in
front
of
the
TV.Eating
small
amounts
of
treats
should
help
kids
learn
to
enjoy
them
more
so
they’re
satisfied.
【篇章导读】本文是议论文。随着儿童肥胖症案例的不断增多,还应该让孩子们尽情吃万圣节糖果吗?
4.HowdidtheauthorexperienceHalloweendifferentlyfromtoday’skids?
A.Shemissedsomeactivitiesbecauseofobesity.
B.Shewasforcedtodosomesports.
C.Sheenjoyedherselfheartily.
D.Shepreferredtoystocandy.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Halloweenhasalwaysbeenmyfavorite...loveputtingoncostumesandcuttingpumpkins.”可知,不同于今天的孩子们,儿时的作者可以尽情享受万圣节带来的欢愉。
5.What
is
some
kids’
reaction
to
their
absence
from
trick-or-treat?
A.They
say
it’s
unfair.
B.They
are
OK
with
it.
C.They
show
their
anger.
D.They
consider
it
encouraging.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Someparentsavoidtakingtheirkidstrick-or-treatingandtakethemswimmingordoingothersportsinstead.Theirkidshaven’tcomplained.”可知,有些父母不让孩子参加“不给糖就捣蛋”活动,而这些孩子并没有表示不高兴。
6.What
can
be
learned
from
the
Netherlands
study?
A.Girls
are
less
attracted
to
sweets.
B.Eating
habits
are
formed
from
childhood.
C.Eating
some
candy
can
be
helpful
for
kids.
D.Keeping
foods
from
kids
doesn’t
teach
self-control.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AnotherstudyfromtheNetherlands...allowedtohaveandatemoreonthewhole.”可知,荷兰的研究表明,限制孩子们吃某样食物并不能让孩子们学会控制对该食物的食用量。
7.What
does
the
author
suggest
about
sweets?
A.Avoiding
them
as
much
as
possible.
B.Enjoying
them
with
the
family.
C.Sharing
them
with
friends.
D.Having
some
with
meals.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Onewaytodothisistohaveapieceofcandywithlunch.”可知,作者建议随餐吃糖果。
二、七选五
What
does
it
really
mean
to
be
successful?
1 .It
is
about
being
able
to
live
a
happy
life.?
If
you
want
to
have
a
successful
life,here
are
three
things
you
need
to
focus
on.
1.Believeinyourself
If
you
don’t
believe
in
yourself,how
do
you
expect
other
people
to?
When
you
believe
in
yourself,it
fuels
(促进)
your
creativity
and
your
motivation
to
do
things.All
successful
people
from
Gandhi
to
Tesla
believed
in
themselves. 2 .We
all
have
to
trust
that
we
have
the
ability
to
turn
the
impossible
into
the
possible.?
2.Knowyourintention
3 ,it
is
important
to
have
an
understanding
of
your
intention.If
your
intention
is
simply
rooted
in
money
and
fame,you
are
never
going
to
truly
feel
successful.Money
and
fame
only
serve
the
ego
(自负)
and
don’t
provide
true
feelings
of
success.For
a
truly
successful
life,your
intention
has
to
be
rooted
in
your
purpose
and
passions.When
your
intention
is
to
serve
your
purpose,make
a
change
in
the
world
and
express
your
talents,you
will
feel
true
success
and
satisfaction.?
3. 4 ?
Success
is
all
around
you
right
now.Stop
to
take
a
moment
and
you’ll
notice
the
amazing
success
that
is
already
present
in
your
life. 5 .Being
thankful
for
the
tiniest
successes
in
life
will
help
you
to
create
more
and
more
success.?
A.Realize
you
are
already
successful
B.Discover
the
true
meaning
of
success
C.This
is
what
gave
them
the
drive
to
succeed
D.If
you
want
to
create
a
good
living
condition
E.When
it
comes
to
achieving
greatness
in
this
life
F.That
is
when
you
will
start
to
feel
truly
successful
G.Success
is
much
more
than
just
money
or
fame
答案与解析
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章就成功提出三点建议,告诫人们:成功不仅仅只是收获名利,而是内心的满足。只要相信自己、明确目标、懂得满足,你就是成功的。
1.G 根据上文“Whatdoesitreallymeantobesuccessful?”及下文中的“Itisaboutbeingabletoliveahappylife”可知,此空应为成功的定义。G项指出:成功不只是金钱和名誉,符合上下文语境。
2.C 根据上文中的“AllsuccessfulpeoplefromGandhitoTeslabelievedinthemselves”可知,此空为:正是他们相信自己,才取得巨大成就。C项符合语境。
3.E 根据下文中的“Ifyourintentionissimplyrootedinmoneyandfame,youarenevergoingtotrulyfeelsuccessful”可知,如果目标不正确,就不会觉得自己成功,因此上文提出:在讨论如何取得成功之前,首先要对人生的目标有正确的理解。E项符合语境。
4.A 根据下文中的“you’llnoticetheamazingsuccessthatisalreadypresentinyourlife”可知,第三点建议为:要意识到你已经是成功的。A项符合语境。
5.F 根据上文的描述可知,停下脚步,你就会发现你所取得的成就。F项中Thatiswhen...呼应上文中的moment,此时此刻你会感受到真正的成功。
三、语法填空
Louis
Pasteur
was
a
French
scientist
who
developed
cures
for
many
dangerous
1.
(illness).He
also
successfully
invented
a
way
to
kill
bacteria
in
milk
and
make
it
safe
to
drink.?
Pasteur
was
born
in
1822,in
Dole,France.He
was
a
courageous
student
who
2.
(frequent)
asked
questions,searched
for
answers
and
challenged
incorrect
ideas.He
3.
(receive)
a
Doctor
of
Science
degree
in
1847.While
4.
(work)
at
the
University
of
Lille,Pasteur
discovered
fermentation,a
chemical
change
used
to
make
bread,cheese
and
other
foods,involved
germs.He
showed
that
heat
killed
the
germs
that
cause
fermentation.This
5.
(discover)
led
to
his
invention
of
a
process
for
destroying
harmful
germs
in
food,which
became
6.
(know)
as
pasteurization
(巴氏灭菌法).?
In
the
1870s,Louis
Pasteur
sought
to
find
a
cure
for
anthrax
—
a
disease
7.
mainly
affects
cattle.Firstly,he
found
anthrax
was
much
more
likely
if
farmers
buried
dead
sheep
with
the
disease
in
fields.Pasteur
advised
farmers
not
8.
(bury)
any
dead
animals
in
areas
where
cattle
may
eat
growing
grass
in
the
future.In
1881
he
conducted
an
experiment
to
try
out
his
vaccine
for
anthrax,which
was
9.
success.?
Pasteur
died
in
1895,in
Saint-Cloud,France.On
his
last
day
he
remarked:“I
should
like
to
be
younger,so
as
to
devote
myself
10.
the
study
of
new
diseases.”?
答案与解析
1.illnesses 考查名词复数。设空处做宾语,表示“疾病”,由many可知,此处应用名词复数,故填illnesses。
2.frequently 考查副词。设空处做状语修饰谓语动词,表示“常常”,故填副词frequently。
3.received 考查一般过去时。由in1847可知,设空处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填received。
4.working 考查动词-ing形式做状语的用法。Pasteur与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且由While可知,work表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,故填working。
5.discovery 考查名词。设空处做主语,表示“发现”,因为设空处前有限定词This,故填名词discovery。
6.known 考查过去分词做表语的用法。设空处做表语,which在此指代process,因为know与process之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填known。
7.that/which 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰disease,且在从句中做主语,故填that或which。
8.to
bury 考查不定式做补语的用法。advisesb.nottodosth.意为“建议某人不做某事”。
9.a 考查不定冠词。success在此表示“成功的事”,是可数名词,且表泛指,故填a。
10.to 考查介词。devoteoneselfto...意为“献身于……”。
1限时规范练22
Unit
11
The
Media
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、学习伟大科学家的思维意识
一、阅读理解
A
George
Washington
Carver
was
born
sometime
in
the
early
mid-1860s.A
sickly
child,Carver
was
unable
to
work
in
the
fields,so
he
did
gardening.He
was
left
with
many
free
hours
to
walk
in
the
woods—beginning
his
career
with
nature.He
soon
became
known
as
the
“Plant
Doctor”
and
would
help
friends
and
neighbors
manage
sick
plants.
In
1890,Carver
began
to
study
music
and
art
at
Simpson
College.His
artwork
was
on
show
at
the
1893
World’s
Fair.Painting
gave
him
the
chance
to
combine
his
two
loves—art
and
nature.Yet
it
was
his
talents
for
gardening
that
took
him
in
another
direction
in
1891.Carver
became
the
first
African-American
to
attend
what
is
today
Iowa
State
University.He
proved
to
be
a
first-class
student
and
upon
graduation
he
became
the
school’s
first
African-American
teacher.
In
1896,he
received
an
invitation
from
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School
in
Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon
arriving,he
found
that
the
school
was
short
of
money
so
Dr.Carver
had
to
equip
his
own
lab.He
and
his
students
would
search
trash
heaps
(垃圾堆)
for
things
to
use.This
proved
that
Dr.Carver
was
well
ahead
of
his
time.
In
1916,he
published
a
research
report
on
peanuts,which
helped
many
farmers
turn
to
peanuts
as
a
cash
crop
and
saved
the
economy
of
the
South
when
it
was
destroyed
by
the
cotton
insects
attack.Carver
continued
his
research
with
the
peanut.He
went
on
to
find
many
uses
for
the
peanut.But
he
didn’t
invent
peanut
butter
(花生酱).
Dr.Carver’s
research
earned
him
much
worldwide
praise.Dr.George
Washington
Carver
died
on
January
5,1943,and
was
buried
at
Tuskegee.Carver
contributed
his
whole
life
savings
to
Tuskegee.Upon
his
death,Franklin
D.Roosevelt
gave
him
this
title
“an
inspiring
example
to
youth
everywhere”.
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家GeorgeWashingtonCarver的生平。
1.HowwasCarver’schildhood?
A.Hedreamedofbeingadoctor.
B.Hegrewcropsinthefields.
C.Heenjoyedgoodhealth.
D.Hetookupgardening.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hedidgardening”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver年少时料理花园。
2.How
was
Carver’s
performance
during
his
education?
A.Bad.
B.Strange.
C.Ordinary.
D.Excellent.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Heprovedtobeafirst-classstudent”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver在学校表现出色。
3.What
do
we
know
about
Carver’s
life
in
Tuskegee
Normal
and
Industrial
School?
A.He
was
well
paid
by
the
school.
B.He
relied
on
himself
to
build
his
lab.
C.He
saved
money
by
picking
up
trash.
D.He
published
his
findings
ahead
of
time.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。
4.What
can
be
learned
about
Carver’s
report
on
peanuts?
A.It
made
a
contribution
to
the
economy.
B.It
included
new
findings
on
peanut
butter.
C.It
prevented
peanuts
from
insects
attacking.
D.It
helped
farmers
find
many
other
uses
of
peanuts.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In1916,hepublishedaresearchreportonpeanuts,whichhelpedmanyfarmersturntopeanutsasacashcropandsavedtheeconomyoftheSouth”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。
B
In
the
past
few
weeks
Richard
Eckersley
has
noticed
a
change
in
people
who
come
into
his
shop.The
previous
Manchester
United
footballer,who
turned
his
back
on
the
game
to
set
up
the
UK’s
first
“zero
waste”
store
on
Totnes
High
Street
in
Devon,says
it
is
no
longer
only
environmentalists
who
came
in,looking
for
a
cleaner
way
to
shop.“A
lot
of
new
people
are
coming
in.We
are
getting
calls
every
week
from
around
the
country
from
people
wanting
to
set
up
something
similar
in
their
towns,”
says
Eckersley,who
set
up
the
Earth.Food.Love
shop
with
his
wife
Nicola
in
March
2017.
More
than
200
miles
away,Ingrid
Caldironi
shares
the
enthusiasm.She
set
up
the
plastic-free
Bulk
Market
in
east
London.“We
have
had
an
amazing
response,”
she
says.Eckersley
and
Caldironi
are
at
the
head
of
an
anti-plastic
movement
in
the
UK
that
has
been
fuelled
by
newspaper
investigations
including
TheGuardian’s
BottlingIt
series
and
TheBluePlanet
television
series.
But
their
enthusiasm
is
not
shared
by
big
supermarkets,which
have
no
interest
in
reducing
their
plastic
waste.“For
a
nation
of
shopkeepers
we
are
falling
behind
in
this
race,”
says
Sian
Sutherland,founder
of
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet
which
led
the
calls
for
plastic-free
goods
shelves.Wandering
through
supermarkets
where
everything
is
covered
in
plastic,Sutherland
says
action
rather
than
words
is
needed.Her
co-founder
Frederikke
Magnussen
explains
the
origins
of
their
campaign.“It
started
with
two
unreasonable
women
who
wanted
choice
—
and
supermarkets
are
all
about
choice,right?
I
can
buy
sugar-free,fat-free,African
food,Asian
food,yet
if
I
want
to
buy
plastic-free
it
is
impossible
for
me
to
do
so.”
Eckersley
says,“After
Willow,my
daughter,was
born,it
made
me
think
about
what
future
lies
ahead
for
her.I
wanted
to
say
that
I
at
least
tried,and
I
wanted
to
make
a
difference.”
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了Eckersley的环保商店以及很多像他一样的人为减少白色污染而做出的努力。
5.What
has
happened
to
Richard
Eckersley’s
business?
A.It
has
spread
worldwide.
B.It
is
attracting
large
numbers
of
customers.
C.It
has
received
many
complaints
about
its
goods.
D.It
is
facing
fierce
competition
from
other
similar
stores.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Alotofnewpeoplearecomingin”可知,RichardEckersley的商店吸引了众多消费者。
6.What
do
we
know
about
Ingrid
Caldironi?
A.She
lost
money
on
her
business.
B.She
built
a
plastic-free
store
in
Devon.
C.She
had
little
interest
in
waste
reduction.
D.She
took
part
in
an
anti-plastic
movement.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“EckersleyandCaldironiareattheheadofananti-plasticmovementintheUK”可知,Caldironi加入了抵制塑料制品的运动中。
7.How
have
big
supermarkets
reacted
to
the
plastic-free
idea?
A.They
are
giving
up
their
original
ideas.
B.They
are
offering
more
choice.
C.They
show
little
concern
for
it.
D.They
support
it.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Buttheirenthusiasmisnotsharedbybigsupermarkets,whichhavenointerestinreducingtheirplasticwaste”可知,大超市对抵制塑料制品的做法并不关心。
8.What
led
to
the
campaign
A
Plastic
Planet?
A.Customers’
need
for
plastic-free
goods.
B.Plastic
coverings
in
supermarkets.
C.TheBluePlanet
television
series.
D.Richard
Eckersley’s
store.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itstartedwithtwounreasonablewomenwhowantedchoice”可知,APlasticPlanet运动来源于顾客对无塑料制品的需求。
二、完形填空
I
was
a
single
parent,raising
my
four-year-old
son
Daniel
in
Perth,Australia
with
all
my
family
based
on
the
other
side
of
the
country. 1 the
support
of
my
sisters,aunties,uncles
or
grandparents,being
on
my
own
was
terribly
2 .Because
my
son’s
father
lived
in
Perth,I
couldn’t
move
to
live
with
my
family. 3 Daniel’s
father
didn’t
see
him
often,it
was
important
for
him
to
be
geographically
close
to
his
dad.Money
was
tight,and
with
almost
no
4 ,I
often
felt
5 and
hopeless.?
One
night,after
a
busy
day
at
work,I
raced
to
Daniel’s
childcare
centre
to 6 him
on
time.After
dinner,we
went
outside
so
Daniel
could
ride
his
bicycle. 7 his
Batman
costume,he
was
energetic
as
he
8 proudly
through
Claremont
towards
the
river.At
the
same
time,I
walked
alongside
feeling
weighed
down.I
tried
to
keep
a
cheerful
face,but
inside
I
was
9 .When
we
got
to
the
river
we
walked
down
the
pier
(码头).There
was
an
older
man
10 at
the
end
and
I
had
a
slight
11 that
Daniel
would
disturb
his
12 and
quiet
by
making
noise,so
I
told
him
to
be
quiet.As
we
13 ,the
man
turned,smiled
and
asked,“How’s
Batman
this
evening?”?
Daniel 14 told
the
man
that
Batman
was
good,thanks,before
asking
about
the
fish.I
15 good
behavior,and
had
been
afraid
we
might
be
disturbing
the
man. 16 I
couldn’t
have
been
more
wrong.The
kind
man
17 with
my
son,and
watching
their
conversations
made
my
eyes
18 .This
lovely
old
gentleman
was
so
19 and
truly
interested
in
Batman,my
little
boy,that
I
just
wanted
to
cry.?
It
was
just 20 how
this
man
gave
my
son
the
time
of
day.I
will
always
be
thankful
for
that.?
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者独自一人带孩子,因经济拮据,而且没有家人的支持与帮助,感到难过和孤独无助。与一位善良的老人的邂逅点亮了作者艰难的一天,让作者的内心充满了感动与感激。
1.A.Except
B.Without
C.For
D.Through
答案B
解析根据上文“withallmyfamilybasedontheothersideofthecountry”和下文“beingonmyown”可知,作者没有家人的帮忙,只能靠自己。
2.A.good
B.fun
C.hard
D.simple
答案C
解析由该句中的“beingonmyown”以及下文中的“Ioftenfelt...hopeless”可知,“没有(Without)”家人的帮助和支持,独自一人带四岁的儿子是异常“艰难的(hard)”。
3.A.Although
B.Since
C.Unless
D.If
答案A
解析前后句之间表示让步关系,故用“尽管(Although)”。
4.A.trouble
B.help
C.patience
D.change
答案B
解析由上文中的“asingleparent,...thesupportofmysisters”以及该空前的“Moneywastight”可知,“我”几乎没有任何“帮助(help)”。
5.A.calm
B.young
C.special
D.unhappy
答案D
解析由该空后的hopeless以及下文中的“feelingweigheddown”可知,“我”经常感到“难过(unhappy)”和绝望。
6.A.return
B.follow
C.collect
D.encourage
答案C
解析由该空前的“IracedtoDaniel’schildcarecentre”可知,在忙了一整天的工作后,“我”飞奔到托儿所去按时“接(collect)”Daniel。
7.A.Wearing
B.Hiding
C.Sharing
D.Controlling
答案A
解析由该空后的“hisBatmancostume”可知,Daniel“穿着(Wearing)”蝙蝠侠的衣服。
8.A.walked
B.drove
C.ran
D.rode
答案D
解析由上文中的“wewentoutsidesoDanielcouldridehisbicycle”可知,Daniel自豪地“骑车(rode)”穿过Claremont,骑向河边。
9.A.warm
B.broken
C.excited
D.free
答案B
解析由上文中的“feelingweigheddown”和“triedtokeepacheerfulface”以及由but引起的转折可知,“我”极力想露出笑脸,但是内心却感到“很悲伤(broken)”。
10.A.fishing
B.boating
C.sailing
D.swimming
答案A
解析由下一段中的“beforeaskingaboutthefish”可知,有一位老人在河边“钓鱼(fishing)”。
11.A.hope
B.chance
C.excuse
D.worry
答案D
解析由下文中的“Danielwoulddisturbhis...andquietbymakingnoise”可知,“我”有些“担心(worry)”Daniel会发出噪音,打扰这位正在钓鱼的老人的安宁。
12.A.life
B.peace
C.rest
D.view
答案B
解析由该空后的quiet可知,此处指“我”担心Daniel会打扰这位老人的“平静(peace)”和安宁。
13.A.turned
B.started
C.left
D.approached
答案D
解析由上文中的“wewalkeddownthepier”以及该空后的“themanturned,smiledandasked”可知,当我们“走近(approached)”时,这位老人转过身来,微笑着问Daniel:“蝙蝠侠今晚可好?”
14.A.embarrassedly
B.sadly
C.proudly
D.carelessly
答案C
解析由上文中的“hewasenergeticashe...proudlythroughClaremont”以及该空后的“toldthemanthatBatmanwasgood,thanks”可知,Daniel“自豪地(proudly)”告诉那位老人蝙蝠侠很好。
15.A.own
B.accept
C.expect
D.value
答案D
解析由下文中的“hadbeenafraidwemightbedisturbingtheman”可知,“我”很“重视(value)”良好的行为,一直担心我们可能会打扰到这位老人。
16.A.Yet
B.So
C.Then
D.Still
答案A
解析由下文的描述以及作者的担忧可知,此处表示转折,“然而(Yet)”“我”大错特错。
17.A.agreed
B.competed
C.stayed
D.communicated
答案D
解析由下文中的“watchingtheirconversations”可知,这位好心的老人并没有因我们的到来而感到被打扰,反而与“我”的儿子“交谈(communicated)”起来。
18.A.sleepy
B.wide
C.watery
D.bright
答案C
解析由下文中的“Ijustwantedtocry”可知,看到他们的交流,“我”很感动,眼眶不禁“湿润(watery)”了。
19.A.generous
B.friendly
C.independent
D.honest
答案B
解析由上文中的Thekindman以及该空后的“trulyinterestedinBatman”可知,这位可爱的老人非常“友好(friendly)”,而且对“蝙蝠侠”—“我”的儿子表示出极大的兴趣,这让“我”不禁想哭。
20.A.impossible
B.uncertain
C.unforgettable
D.unusual
答案C
解析由下文中的“Iwillalwaysbethankfulforthat”可知,这位老人的善举让“我”非常“难忘(unforgettable)”。
三、短文改错
Last
Friday
morning
in
the
train
station,I
was
witnessed
something
that
moved
me
deeply.Right
as
I
walk
out
into
the
main
hall
on
way
to
my
next
connection,I
saw
a
woman
put
something
next
to
a
sleeping
homeless
man.I
felt
curiously
and
I
wondered
if
she
had
put
some
cashes
there.Instead,I
saw
a
sandwich.It
made
this
moment
so
touching
to
me
was
that
it
was
not
about
recognition,but
to
help
a
person
with
need
and
make
his
life
just
a
bit
more
bearable.This
made
me
realized
it
really
is
the
smallest
thing
which
can
make
a
difference.I’m
luck
to
get
to
see
such
little
acts
of
kindness.
答案
第一句:去掉was
第二句:walk→walked;way前加the
或my
第三句:curiously→curious;cashes→cash
第五句:It→What;with→in
第六句:realized→realize;which→that
第七句:luck→lucky
1(共26张PPT)
Unit
11 The
Media
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.media
n. 传媒,大众传播媒介
2.chat
n.
聊天,闲谈
3.quiz
n.
问答比赛(游戏)
4.opera
n.
歌剧
5.affair
n.
事情,事件
6.nation
n.
国家;民族
7.political
adj.
政治的
8.widespread
adj.
广泛的
9.electricity
n.
电
10.reform
n.
改革,改良
11.demand
vt.
要求,请求
12.debt
n.
债务;欠款
-3-
13.belief
n.
信仰,信心,信任
14.painful
adj.
令人痛苦的;引起疼痛的
15.host
n.
主办(国/城市/机构);主人
vt.
主办
16.application
n.
应用;申请(书)
17.delighted
adj.
高兴的;愉快的
18.publish
vt.
出版;发行
19.explanation
n.
说明,解释
20.blame
vt.
责怪,归咎于
21.willing
adj.
乐意的;愿意的
22.self
n.
自我,自身
23.employ
vt.
雇用
24.argument
n.
争论,理由
-4-
25.attempt
vt.&
n.
尝试,试图
26.legal
adj.
与法律有关的;合法的
27.process
n.
过程,进程
28.favour
n.
赞同;恩惠
29.analysis
n.
分析
30.encouragement
n.
鼓励
31.onto
prep.
到(在)……之上
32.attitude
n.
态度,看法
33.dislike
vt.
不喜欢,厌恶
34.pretend
vt.
假装
35.hire
vt.
雇用,租用
36.bush
n.
灌木;矮树
37.respect
vt.
尊敬,尊重
-5-
38.sew
vt.
缝制,缝
39.beer
n.
啤酒
40.suitable
adj.
合适的
41.approach
n.
方法;方式
42.humour
n.
幽默
43.contribution
n.
贡献,捐助
44.citizen
n.
公民;市民
45.niece
n.
外甥女,侄女
46.nephew
n.
侄子;外甥
47.consideration
n.
(作计划或决定时)必须考虑的事
48.conclude
vt.
做出结论;结束
49.sightseeing
n.
观光;游览
50.trolleybus
n.
无轨电车
-6-
51.southwest
adv.
在西南方
52.fog
n.
雾
53.tyre
n.
轮胎
54.muddy
adj.
泥泞的,沾满泥的
55.ankle
n.
脚踝
56.spokesman
n.
发言人
57.scene
n.
场面;场景
58.ambulance
n.
救护车
59.bravery
n.
勇敢
60.district
n.
区,行政区
-7-
61.editor
n.
编辑,剪辑者
62.ahead
adv.
在前面
63.harmful
adj.
有害的
64.faithfully
adv.
忠实地;真诚地
65.unemployment
n.
失业(状态)
66.interrupt
vi.&
vt.
打断(讲话或动作);打扰
67.false
adj.
错误的;不真诚的
68.environmental
adj.
自然环境的
69.protection
n.
保护,防卫
-8-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.photographer
n.
摄影师
2.bomb
n.
炸弹
3.agenda
n.
议程
4.AIDS
n.
艾滋病
5.sex
n.
性;性别
6.administration
n.
管理,行政
7.announce
vt.
宣布,宣告
8.self-employed
adj.
自己经营的
9.defend
vt.
为……辩解、防卫
10.pub
n.
小酒馆,酒吧
11.incident
n.
事件,事情
12.evidence
n.
证据,证明
-9-
13.explode
vt.
爆炸
14.analyse
vt.
分析
15.arise
vi.
出现,发生
16.committee
n.
委员会
17.distinction
n.
殊荣;特质;区别
18.profit
n.
利润;收益
19.disagreement
n.
意见不一,分歧
20.channel
n.
(电视或电台)频道
21.advertise
vt.
为……做广告,登广告
22.classic
adj.
经典的;传统的
23.sewing
n.
缝纫,缝制品
24.corporation
n.
公司
-10-
25.brand
n.
商标,牌子
26.advertiser
n.
广告人
27.budget
n.
预算
28.visually
adv.
视觉地;外表上
29.boom
n. 迅速增长
30.visual
adj.
视觉的,视力的
31.concept
n.
观念,概念
32.contemporary
adj.
当代的
33.innocent
adj.
天真无邪的,单纯的;无罪的
34.astronomer
n.
天文学家
35.strawberry
n.
草莓
36.load
n.
满满一车;很多;工作量
37.fiction
n.
小说,虚构的事
-11-
『语用规律归纳』
1.“高兴”的多种表达方式
(1)happy
adj.
高兴的,幸福的→happily
adv.
高兴地;快乐地→happiness
n.
快乐,幸福
(2)cheerful
adj.
快活的,高兴的→cheerfully
adv.
欢乐地,愉快地
(3)delighted
adj.
高兴的,愉快的,得意的→delightedly
adv.
欣喜地,得意地
(4)enjoyable
adj.
快乐的,有乐趣的;使人愉快的,令人快乐的→enjoyably
adv.
快乐地;有乐趣地
(5)pleasing
adj.
令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的;使人满意的,合意的
(6)pleased
adj.
高兴的;满足的
(7)pleasant
adj.
使人愉快的;合意的
(8)glad
adj.
高兴的,情愿的,喜欢的→gladly
adv.
高兴地;乐意地;欢喜地
-12-
2.“明显的(地)”多种表达
(1)evident(ly)
(2)clear(ly)
(3)obvious(ly)
(4)transparent(ly)
(5)apparent(ly)
(6)visible(visibly)
3.和广告有关的表达
(1)advertise
v.
做广告→advertisement
n.
广告
(2)advertising
agency广告代理商
(3)advertising
campaign广告活动
(4)advertising
department广告部
(5)airport
advertising机场广告
-13-
『构织连脉词族』
1.political
adj.
政治的→politics
n.
政治→politically
adv.
政治上
2.belief
n.
信任,信仰→believe
v.
相信→believable
adj.
可信的→unbelievable
adj.
令人难以置信的→unbelievably
adv.
令人难以置信地
3.announce
vt.
宣布,宣告→announcement
n.
宣布,宣告
4.application
n.
应用;申请→apply
vt.
应用;申请→applicant
n.
申请人
5.evidence
n.
证明,证据→evident
adj.
显然的,明显的→evidently
adv.
显然地,明显地
6.explain
vt.
解释→explanation
n.
解释
7.explode
vi.
爆炸→explosion
n.
爆炸
-14-
8.analyse
vt.
分析→analysis
n.
分析
9.willing
adj.
情愿的,乐意的→willingly
adv.
情愿地,乐意地→unwilling
adj.
不情愿的,不乐意的→unwillingly
adv.
不情愿地,不乐意地→willingness
n.
愿意,乐意→unwillingness
n.
不愿意,不乐意
10.employ
vt.
雇用→employment
n.
雇用→employee
n.
雇员→employer
n.
雇主→unemployed
adj.
未被雇用的→unemployment
n.
失业
11.legal
adj.
合法的→illegal
adj.
不合法的→legally
adv.
合法地→illegally
adv.
不合法地
12.conclude
vt.
做出决定→conclusion
n.
结论→conclusive
adj.
决定性的,最后的
-15-
13.environment
n.
环境→environmental
adj.
环境的→environmentally
adv.在环境方面地
14.humour
n.
幽默→humorous
adj.
幽默的→humorously
adv.
幽默地
15.consider
v.考虑,认为→consideration
n.必须考虑的事→considerable
adj.相当大(多或重要等)的→considerably
adv.非常地,很
-16-
『语境活用』
1.Professor
Lee’s
speech
started
with
the
situation
analysis(分析),and
went
on
with
the
explanations(解释)
of
some
current
affairs.
2.We
debated
whether
young
people
are
more
environmentally(在环境方面地)
aware
than
their
parents,and
our
teacher
was
satisfied
with
the
argument(辩论).
3.Our
monitor
was
talking
humorously(幽默地),with
nobody
interrupting(打断)
him.
4.As
soon
as
they
found
out
I
was
a
doctor
the
citizens’(市民的)
attitude(态度)
changed.
5.Carl
handed
in
his
application(apply)
for
the
famous
Chinese
university.All
his
friends
applauded
his
bravery(brave).
-17-
1.stand
for代表
2.go
ahead
with
继续干
3.prevent
sb
from
doing
sth防止某人做某事
4.turn
to
向……求助,转向
5.take...into
consideration考虑……
6.blame
sb
for
sth因……而责怪某人
7.comment
on
对……评价
8.turn
up
出现,到场
9.consist
of
由……组成
10.stand
out
突出,显眼
-18-
『语境活用』
用上面的短语填空
1.The
crowds’
waving
their
red
flags
stand
for
their
love
for
our
great
motherland.
2.Please
go
ahead
with
your
stories;there
won’t
be
any
more
interruptions.
3.The
audience
mainly
consist(s)
of
young
people
when
a
pop
concert
takes
place
anywhere
in
the
world.
4.Before
taking
action,you’d
better
take
into
consideration
what
your
plan
will
result
in.
5.What
I
said
was
not
commenting
on
what
they
did,but
expressing
what
I
got
from
it.
-19-
『语用规律归纳』
1.as...as短语小结
(1)as
long
as=so
long
as
长达……;只要
(2)as
far
as
远达……;就……而言
(3)as
soon
as
一……就……
(4)as
soon
as
possible
尽快
(5)as
well
as
和……一样好;也
(6)as
good
as和……一样好
-20-
2.to为介词的短语
(1)pay
attention
to注意
(2)be/get
used/accustomed
to习惯于
(3)lead
to导致
(4)object
to反对
(5)see
to负责;注意
(6)contribute
to对……做贡献;有助于
(7)look
forward
to
期盼;展望
(8)get
down
to着手做
(9)be
devoted
to奉献于
(10)be
engaged
to忙于;和……订婚
(11)be
sentenced
to被判处
(12)stick
to坚持
(13)refer
to指的是;参考;查阅
-21-
『领悟教材语境』
1.AIDS
is
another
problem
of
great
concern
so
sex
education
and
health
care
administration
are
extremely
important.(Page
22)
艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。
[考点提炼]“of+抽象名词”相当于一个和该名词对应的形容词。
2.Their
belief
is
that
this
is
the
only
way
for
many
of
these
nations
to
escape
their
painful
pasts.(Page
22)?
人们坚信,这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一的出路。
[考点提炼]that引导表语从句。
3.We
should
do
everything
we
can
to
stop
this
airport.(Page
30)
我们应该尽力来阻止这个机场。
[考点提炼]we
should
do
everything
we
can
to
do...表示“我们应该尽力做……来……”。
-22-
『高考写作情景』
1.我们相信我们的生活会越来越好。
Our
belief
is
that
our
life
will
become
better
and
better.
2.和我们的同学适当地交流是很有益处的。
It’s
of
great
benefit
to
communicate
with
our
classmates
properly.
3.我们应该尽力阻止这样的事再次发生。
We
should
do
everything
we
can
to
prevent
such
things
from
happening
again.
-23-
『主题与语法填空』
Africa
on
G8
Agenda
G8
1.consists(consist)of
political
leaders
from
France,the
United
States,Britain,Germany,Japan,Italy,Canada
and
Russia.They
meet
every
summer
to
discuss
major
problems
2.concerning(concern)the
world.
This
year,the
topic
of
Africa
will
be
discussed
3.in
detail,such
as
lack
of
water,clothing,housing,electricity
or
education,and
AIDS
is
included.People
want
the
leaders
to
cancel
the
debt
of
Africa’s
poorest
countries
to
prevent
the
problems
getting
any
4.worse(bad),in
the
5.belief(believe)that
this
is
the
only
way
for
many
of
these
nations
to
escape
their
painful
pasts.
-24-
London
Wins
While
four
other
cities
applied
for
6.the
right
to
host
the
2012
Olympic
Games,London
was
announced
the
host
city,7.which
made
it
the
first
city
to
host
the
event
three
times.8.To
celebrate(celebrate)the
news,cheering
people
can
9.be
seen(see)in
the
streets,in
pubs,homes
and
offices
all
over
London.Prince
William
said
he
was
10.delighted(delight)
that
the
2012
Olympic
Games
would
be
held
in
London
and
he
was
looking
forward
to
the
Games.
-25-
-26-
