(共46张PPT)
Unit
24 Society
-2-
1.abundant
adj.大量的;丰富的
[教材原句]There
have
also
sadly
been
abundant
cases
of
violence
at
home.(P33)令人难过的是,也有很多家庭暴力案件。
-3-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Many
of
us
love
July
because
it’s
the
month
when
nature’s
berries
and
stone
fruits
are
in
abundance.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
②This
area
of
France
has
an
abundance
(abundant)
of
safe
beaches
and
a
pleasing
climate.
③This
reminded
me
of
the
abundant
(abundant)
kindness
in
the
world.
完成句子
④When
it
comes
to
shopping
experience,Hong
Kong
has
goods
in
abundance.?
当谈及购物体验,香港物品丰富!
-4-
考点必记
①abundant
evidence/kindness大量证据/善行
be
abundant
in富于……,……很丰富
②abundance
n.丰富
an
abundance
of丰富的,许多的
in
abundance大量,富裕
写作佳句
Our
planet
is
abundant
in
natural
resources,but
if
we
go
on
wasting,they
will
sooner
or
later
run
out.我们的星球自然资源丰富,但是如果我们继续浪费,它们迟早会被耗尽。
-5-
2.accumulate
v.积累;逐渐增加
[教材原句]In
this
spending
circle,on
the
one
hand,we
accumulate
possessions
but
never
feel
like
we
have
enough.(P34)在这个消费圈里,我们一方面积累财产但是永远感觉不到足够。
-6-
语境巧练
单句填空
①After
all,isn’t
accumulating
(accumulate)
memories
a
way
of
preserving
the
past?
②By
investing
wisely
he
accumulated
a
fortune.
③Her
mean
father’s
only
interest
was
the
accumulation
(accumulate)
of
money.
完成句子
④Through
keeping
a
diary,we
can
accumulate
rich
English
knowledge
and
use
it
flexibly.?
通过记日记,我们可以积累丰富的英语知识,并灵活地运用它们。
-7-
考点必记
①accumulate
a
fortune
积累一笔财富
accumulate
to逐渐增加到……
accumulation
of
wealth/money/knowledge/memories...财富/钱/知识/记忆等的积累
②accumulation
n.积累
写作佳句
Only
by
working
hard
can
you
accumulate
a
fortune.你只有努力工作才能积累财富。
-8-
3.burden
n.重担,负担 v.使担负
[教材原句]Instead,they
feel
like
a
burden
because
every
month
we
have
to
hand
over
most
of
the
money
we
earn
to
pay
for
them.(P34)相反,它们感觉像是一种负担,因为我们每月都要将换来的大部分的钱拿出来还款。
-9-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Buying
a
house
often
places
a
large
financial
burden
on
young
couples.
②The
girl
is
only
fifteen
years
old,but
she
has
to
be
burdened
with
her
family.
③The
old
man
doesn’t
want
to
be
a
burden
to
their
children.
完成句子
④When
a
senior
high
school
student
is
burdened
with
too
many
expectations,he/she
will
become
less
and
less
confident.?
一个高中生肩负着太多的期待,他/她就将变得越来越不自信。
-10-
考点必记
to
be
a
burden
to/on
sb/sth是某人/物的负担
to
bear/ease/share
the
burden承受/减轻/分担重担
place
a
burden
on
sb给……负担
burden
sb/oneself
with...装载……;使某人负担……
be
burdened
with...负担;为……所累
写作佳句
She
was
burdened
with
nearly
the
full
responsibility
of
running
the
farm.
她几乎一个人负担着经营农场的责任。
-11-
4.vacant
adj.未住人的,空置的;空缺的;空虚的,茫然的
[教材原句]Surely
we’re
still
better
off
than
those
who
wear
rags
and
sleep
on
the
streets
or
in
vacant
buildings...(P34)当然我们仍旧比那些穿着破衣烂衫,睡在街道上或者空置的大楼里的人的生活好得多……
语境巧练
完成句子
①There
were
many
vacant
seats
in
the
theatre.?
剧院里有许多空座位。
②He
stared
into
space
with
a
vacant
expression
on
his
face.?
他凝望着天空,一脸茫然若失的样子。
-12-
考点必记
vacant
seats空座位
a
vacant
expression茫然若失的表情
名师点津
vacant表示“空置的,未被占用的”,也指职位“空缺的”,而empty表示“空的”,说明某一空间或容器内什么都没有。
-13-
5.feast
n.(宗教的)节日;盛宴,宴会 vt.尽情享用(美味佳肴)
[教材原句]The
meals
are
usually
feasts
because
there
is
such
a
surplus
of
good
food.(P36)这些餐通常是盛宴,因为这里有很多美食。
语境巧练
单句填空
①We
feasted
on
chicken
and
roast
potatoes.
②Our
reporter
feasted
his
eyes
on
the
beautiful
scene
of
Venice.
完成句子
③My
uncle
feasted
my
classmates
on
milk
and
fruits.?
我叔叔以牛奶和水果宴请我的同学。
-14-
考点必记
a
feast
for……的盛宴
feast
one’s
eyes
on
尽情欣赏(艺术品、景色等)
feast
on
sth尽情享用某物
写作佳句
The
celebration
ceremony
of
the
70th
anniversary
of
the
founding
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
was
really
a
feast
for
eyes.新中国成立七十周年庆典真是一场视觉盛宴。
-15-
6.elect
vt.选举,推选 adj.选中的;选出的
[教材原句]There
is
a
leader
in
each
area
of
the
town
and
each
town
has
an
elected
leader.(P36)城镇的每个区域都有一位领导人,每个城镇都有一位选举出来的领导人。
-16-
语境巧练
单句填空
①They
elected
Mr
Johnson
to
be
(be)
their
representative.?
②It
was
a
big
surprise
to
many
people
that
Trump
was
elected
as
the
president
of
the
USA.
③Select
(select)
something
around
you
that
you
share
with
the
other
person.
完成句子
④Lisa’s
being
elected
as
the
president
of
the
company,as
most
colleagues
had
expected,made
her
parents
very
happy.?
正如大多数同事所期望的,Lisa当选公司总裁,这也令她父母十分开心。
-17-
考点必记
①elect
sb
to
be...选举某人担任……
elect
sb
as...推选某人为……
elect
to
do
sth选择/决定做……
②election
n.选举,推选(尤指从政)
elective
adj.选举的,由选举产生的;选修的
elector
n.选民,有选举权的人
词义精析
①elect“选举”,指通过正式方式选择,后接人及所任职位。
②select“挑选”,指在同类的许多东西中,仔细慎重地加以选择,标准较为严格。
-18-
7.undertake
vt.负责,着手做,从事;承担;承诺,答应
[教材原句]Conditions
improved
a
great
deal
and
the
government
undertook
the
preservation
of
many
of
the
oldest
hutongs.(P38)胡同的条件得到了很大的改善,政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。
-19-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Nobody
can
undertake
that
you’ll
make
a
profit
if
you
don’t
persist.
②University
professors
both
teach
and
undertake
to
do
(do)
research
jobs.?
完成句子
③To
do
so,it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.?
这样做,就应该帮着理解人们为什么会进行志愿工作,是什么让他们在这项工作中保持兴趣。
-20-
考点必记
undertake
sth从事/承担某事
undertake
to
do...答应做……
undertake
that...答应……
写作佳句
We
must
act
as
quickly
as
possible
now.Just
tell
us
whether
you
undertake
the
task
or
not.现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。
-21-
8.come
into
being
形成,存在,出现;产生
[教材原句]If
laws
such
as
these
came
into
being,a
huge
adjustment
would
be
required
and
there
would
certainly
be
diverse
reactions.(P34)如果像这样的法律能够形成的话,社会将需要做巨大的调整,而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。
-22-
语境巧练
单句填空
①According
to
Chinese
medicine,when
yin
and
yang
are
unbalance,dreams
come
into
being.
完成句子
②When
those
birds
came
near,their
colours
came
into
focus.?
当那些鸟靠近时,它们的颜色清晰了。
③We
walked
and
walked,and
the
sea
came
into
sight/view
in
the
end.?
我们走啊走,终于看到了大海。
④After
the
war,this
party
came
into
power.?
那次战争后,这个政党开始执政。
-23-
考点必记
come
into
focus明白易懂,轮廓明显
come
into
effect生效
come
into
contact
with与……接触
come
into
existence存在
come
into
fashion流行起来
come
into
power执政
come
into
service开始应用
come
into
sight/view出现
写作佳句
These
and
other
measures
should
have
come
into
effect
in
1985.这些和其他的一些措施本该在1985年就生效的。
-24-
9.show
off
炫耀,夸耀;卖弄;显示
[教材原句]Nobody
has
any
desire
to
show
off
and
gold
and
silver
have
no
value—unlike
in
our
society.(P36)没有人想要炫耀,黄金和白银没有价值,这与我们的社会不同。
-25-
语境巧练
单句填空
①It’s
bad
manners
to
show
off
your
wealth
before
others.
②I
can’t
wait
to
show
you
around
our
beautiful
villages.
③The
first
aircraft
carrier
of
China
has
shown
up
in
the
sea.
完成句子
④Finally,after
weeks
of
preparation,Rose
would
show
off
all
her
hard
work
in
a
dance
performance.?
终于,经过几个星期的准备,罗斯将在一次舞蹈表演上展示她的努力成果。
-26-
考点必记
show
sb
sth=show
sth
to
sb给某人看某物
show
sb
the
door逐客,要某人离开
show
sb
around
a
place带领某人参观某地
show
up到场,露面;变得明显,显现出来;使人难堪
写作佳句
We
supported
each
other
financially
and
by
showing
up
at
events.我们在经济上相互支持,大事都到场。
-27-
10.knock
into
sb撞上某人
[教材原句]There
is
a
car
accident
there
at
least
once
a
week
and
today
I
nearly
knocked
into
somebody
crossing
the
road!(P36)那儿每周至少发生一次车祸,今天我差点撞上一个过马路的人。
语境巧练
单句填空
①A
child
was
in
hospital
last
night
after
being
knocked
down
by
a
car.
②Just
last
year,I
was
conducting
a
workshop
when
someone
knocked
at
the
classroom
door.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)
③Mike
knocked
into
a
girl
while
walking
in
the
park.
完成句子
④The
waiter
made
an
apology
to
the
guest
for
his
knocking
over
the
glass.?
那位服务员因撞翻了玻璃杯而向那位客人道歉。
-28-
考点必记
knock
about/around闲逛,漫游
knock
down撞倒;打倒;拆除
knock
at(on)敲门(窗)
knock
against撞击,偶然遇见
knock
off减价;中断
knock
over撞翻,撞倒
写作佳句
To
our
surprise,the
American
team
was
knocked
out
in
the
first
round.令我们感到意外的是,美国队第一轮就被淘汰了。
-29-
11.in
the
hope
that...希望……
[教材原句]Sometimes
we
try
to
deposit
a
little
or
change
our
money
into
different
countries’
currencies
in
the
hope
that
we
can
make
even
more
money.(P34)有时我们试图存上一些钱,或者把我们的钱换成不同国家的货币,希望我们能赚更多的钱。
语境巧练
单句语法填空
①He
fears
the
worst,but
hopes
for
the
best.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)
②Ann
intended
to
ring
her
up
again
in
the
hope
that
she
didn’t
change
her
mind.
句型改写
The
Jones
moved
to
rural
China,hoping
to
live
a
simple
life.
③The
Jones
moved
to
rural
China
in
the
hope
that
they
could
live
a
simple
life.?
-30-
考点必记
①in
the
hope
that...表示“希望……”。that引导的是一个同位语从句,此处它可用hoping
that...代替。
②类似地,in
the
belief
that...表示“相信……”等。
③hope
for
sth希望……
写作佳句
All
the
audience
were
seated
in
the
stadium,hoping
for
an
excellent
match.所有的观众都坐在体育馆里,希望能有一场精彩的比赛。
-31-
考点必记
①比较级叠用表示“越来越……”。
②加more构成的比较级,只需要重复使用more,形容词或副词本身则不需要重复。
写作佳句
As
people
throughout
the
world
can
see,China
is
now
becoming
stronger
and
stronger.正如全世界人民所见,中国现在正变得越来越强大。
-32-
13.not...but...不是……而是……
[教材原句]Not
increased
happiness,but
stress
and
less
free
time
to
be
ourselves
and
enjoy
being
with
our
friends
and
families.(P34)(结果)不是更快乐了,而是压力(增加了),独处和享受与朋友、家人共处的自由支配时间更少了。
-33-
语境巧练
单句填空
①Not
his
sister
but
his
two
cousins
have
gone
(go)
to
Hainan
Island,and
have
never
been
seen.?
②To
those
children,what
they
hope
to
get
is
not
money
but
love.
完成句子
③We
are
therefore
not
talking
about
adapting
to
a
new
standard,but
to
a
constantly
shifting
set
of
conditions.
因此,我们不是在谈论适应新的标准,而是适应一套不断变化的条件。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
-34-
考点必记
①此处的not...but...“不是……而是……”,表示取舍关系,常连接主语、表语和宾语。
②当not...but...连接句子主语时,谓语动词应按就近一致原则来确定人称和数。
③but在此结构中是一个介词,它还常用作并列连词,表示转折,连接并列句。
写作佳句
Do
you
know
it
is
not
your
toilet
but
your
kitchen
sponge(海绵)that
can
carry
more
germs
than
anything
else?你知道不是你的厕所而是你厨房的海绵比其他任何东西都带有更多的细菌吗?
-35-
14.It’s(high/about)time
that...句型
[教材原句]As
a
society,it’s
high
time
that
we
took
these
issues
more
seriously.(P34)作为一个社会来说,是我们该更加认真地对待这些问题的时候了。
-36-
语境巧练
单句填空
①It’s
time
that
you
concentrated
(concentrate)
on
your
study.
完成句子
②With
your
skills
improving,it’s
time
that
you
had
competitions
with
your
teammates,which
excites
you
most.?
随着你技能的提高,该是你和队友进行比赛的时候了,这最会让你兴奋。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
③It’s
high
time
that
the
government
took
measures
to
stop
such
things
from
happening
again.?
该是政府采取措施阻止这样的事情再发生的时候了。
-37-
考点必记
①It’s(high/about)time
that...早该做某事了;是做某事的时间了。
②在that从句中,谓语动词应用过去时态。
③在It’s
time后跟名词时,应用It’s
time
for+n.结构。
④也常用结构It’s
time(for
sb)to
do
sth表示“该是某人做某事的时候了”。
写作佳句
It’s
high
time
that
all
people
took
action
to
put
rubbish
into
different
dustbins.现在是所有人应行动起来将垃圾倒入不同垃圾箱的时候了。
-38-
15.I’d
rather
that...句型
[教材原句]I’d
rather
you
didn’t
bite
your
fingernails
in
front
of
me.(P35)我宁愿你不在我面前咬你的手指甲。
语境巧练
单句填空
①They
would
rather
that
they
had
hidden
(hide)
in
the
cave
last
Sunday
when
it
was
raining.?
②I’d
rather
that
our
Chinese
teacher
told
(tell)us
more
interesting
stories
in
tomorrow’s
class.
③You
are
only
one
person,and
you
do
not
have
time
to
waste
on
people
who
would
rather
cause
drama
or
mess
(mess)
up
with
your
purpose.(2016·浙江卷,六选五)
-39-
考点必记
①I’d
rather
that...句型表示“我宁愿……”。
②该句型后面的从句应用虚拟语气,表示现在或将来情况时从句用过去时,表示过去情况时从句则应用过去完成时。
写作佳句
During
the
holiday,I’d
rather
I
paid
a
visit
to
the
countryside
to
help
my
grandmother
raise
the
chickens.假期,我宁愿去乡下帮助奶奶养鸡。
-40-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The
provincial
government
(govern)
and
its
partners
offer
many
programs
to
help
students
find
summer
jobs.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)
2.Naomi,Melissa’s
best
friend
and
a
talented
pianist,got
to
know
about
this
and
showed
willingness
(willing)
to
help.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
3.All
the
people
felt
very
angry
with
the
inequality
they
got
and
they
demanded
that
they
should
be
treated
equally.(equal)
4.Some
schools
will
have
to
make
adjustments
(adjust)
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
-41-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
5.They
rose
in
the
ranks
not
by
being
friendly
but
by
smoking
cigarettes,breaking
rules
and
playing
jokes
on
others,among
whom
I
soon
found
myself.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)
6.And
MP3
players,smart
phones,and
LCD
TVs
entered
homes
in
2002,before
tablets
and
e-readers
showed
up
in
2007.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)
7.Many
visitors
were
amazed
by
the
complex
architectural
space
and
abundant
(abundance)
building
types.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)
8.Forgotten
something?I
can
keep
an
eye
on
your
kids
if
you
want
to
go
and
get
it.
9.Susan
insisted
I
should
take
a
taxi
and
said
that
she
would
pay
for
it.
10.Mountains
are
regarded
as
spiritual
(spirit)
places
by
many
cultures.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
-42-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Could
you
please
keep
eye
on
my
baby
while
I
am
away
to
do
the
shopping?
keep后加上an
2.Two
months
after
they
broke
up,Tom’s
parents
made
out
and
the
whole
family
now
enjoy
themselves
together.
out→up
3.I
stopped
the
ball
and
kicked
it
hardly
back
to
the
playground.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)hardly→hard
4.In
trying
to
connect
to
her
sister,Mari
starts
changing
her
life
and
discovers
a
world
of
diversity
“night
people”
who
are
hiding
secrets.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)diversity→diverse
5.Mr
Green
was
surprised
to
find
his
house
break
into.Fortunately,nothing
was
stolen.
break→broken
-43-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.Every
afternoon
we
can
see
an
old
beggar
in
rag
at
the
school
gate
who
I
often
give
away
some
money
to.
rag→rags
7.When
I
arrived,I
found
Tom
was
feasting
roasted
duck
and
green
peas
alone.
feasting后加上on
8.Fruit
and
vegetables
grew
in
abundant
on
the
island.
abundant→abundance
9.Being
a
capable
manager,Mr
White
is
burden
with
many
a
task
in
his
company.
burden→burdened
10.A
decade
of
data
breaches(数据侵入)
of
personal
information
has
led
to
a
situation
when
scammers
can
easily
learn
your
mother’s
name,and
far
more.(2019·北京I卷,阅读理解C篇)when→where
-44-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.戴维是给我留下印象最深刻的人,为了减轻家庭负担,使未来生活更好,他年仅十八岁便自愿承担了最艰苦的工作。(relieve
the
burden
of)
2.戴维在一家大公司工作,在那儿他积累了丰富的经验,并坚持认为员工在公司的发展中起着重要的作用。(accumulate)
3.因此,职位出现空缺时,将一切考虑在内,他被选为公司的副总。(take...into
account)
4.他在他的演讲中提道:到公司做出调整、密切关注员工发展的时候了。(keep
an
eye
on)
-45-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
David,who
is
the
person
that
impresses
me
most,was
voluntary
to
undertake
the
toughest
task
to
relieve
the
burden
of
the
family
and
be
better
off
in
the
future
when
he
was
only
eighteen
years
old.
David
worked
in
a
large
company
where
he
accumulated
abundant
experience
and
insisted
that
it
was
employees
that
played
an
important
role
in
the
development
of
the
company.Consequently,when
there
was
a
vacant
post,taking
all
things
into
account,the
company
elected
him
vice-president
of
the
company.
-46-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
In
his
address,David
said
that
it
was
high
time
that
the
company
made
adjustments
and
kept
an
eye
on
the
development
of
the
staff.Of
course,he
contributed
a
lot
to
the
development
of
his
company.限时规范练47
Unit
24
Society
A
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、关注前沿科技的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Some
new
comets
have
been
discovered
accidentally
by
amateur
astronomers.Surprisingly
a
few
bright
comets
have
been
discovered
with
the
naked
eye
(肉眼)
by
members
of
the
general
public.However,a
great
number
of
comets
are
found
by
comet
hunters
carrying
out
telescope
searches
of
chosen
areas
of
the
night
sky.
As
the
movement
of
all
comets
is
directed
around
the
Sun
and
because
these
bodies
brighten
as
they
move
towards
the
Sun,there
is
a
greater
possibility
for
the
discovery
of
a
new
comet
in
the
skies
towards
the
Sun
rather
than
away
from
the
Sun’s
direction.This
means
that
searches
should
be
put
on
the
western
sky
after
evening
light
and
on
the
eastern
sky
before
morning
light.
From
the
astronomical
point
there
is
no
time
during
the
year
which
is
the
best
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets.A
search
can
be
done
at
any
time
providing
there
is
no
bright
Moon.
Studies
done
on
the
discovery
conditions
of
comets
discovered
before
show
that
more
comets
have
been
discovered
in
the
morning
sky
than
in
the
evening
sky.Thus
the
smart
comet
hunter
should
make
sure
that
morning
activity
receives
as
much
as
if
not
more
attention
than
evening
effort.
In
recent
times,the
use
of
advanced
CCD
technology
to
discover
objects
close
to
the
Earth
will
in
the
future
greatly
reduce
the
chances
of
new
comets
being
found
with
small
telescopes.An
example
of
the
new
technology
is
the
very
successful
LINEAR
program
operating
in
New
Mexico.However,until
a
similar
system
is
based
in
the
southern
half
of
the
Earth
there
will
continue
to
be
chances
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets
which
come
from
the
south.
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。一些业余的天文学爱好者发现了一些彗星。甚至一些普通大众也能通过肉眼观察到彗星,但大多数彗星都是在夜空中通过天文望远镜观察到的。
1.Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo?
A.LookawayfromtheSun.
B.Staywherethere’sbrightlight.
C.Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.
D.Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.
答案D
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.”可知,早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。
2.What
do
we
know
about
the
time
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets?
A.Days
when
they’re
close
to
the
Earth
are
great
chances.
B.Certain
fixed
days
are
best
for
watching
comets.
C.Every
day
is
the
same
if
there’s
no
bright
Moon.
D.Days
with
the
Moon
should
never
be
missed.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.”可知,只要没有月亮,每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。
3.Which
of
the
following
is
a
smart
idea
for
comet
hunters?
A.Paying
more
attention
in
the
morning
than
in
the
afternoon.
B.Being
equally
serious
both
in
the
morning
and
afternoon.
C.Being
more
relaxed
in
the
morning
than
in
the
afternoon.
D.Forming
a
habit
of
working
only
in
the
morning.
答案B
解析推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchasifnotmoreattentionthaneveningeffort.”可知,早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。
B
It
doesn’t
matter
how
you
choose
to
live
your
life
—
whatever
you
do,someone
will
judge
you.With
that
in
mind,let’s
talk
about
being
judged
and
criticized.
When
I
started
writing,it
wasn’t
the
hurtful
criticism
from
readers
that
prevented
me
from
getting
started.It
was
my
worries
about
what
they
would
think
if
I
wrote
about
the
things
I
cared
about.I
wrote
my
ideas
in
a
private
document
for
a
year
before
I
worked
up
the
courage
to
start
sharing
them
publicly.
Usually,haters
simply
criticize
and
move
on.And
that
means
that
you
can
safely
ignore
them
and
continue
doing
your
thing.
But
that
is
easier
said
than
done
because
we
all
like
to
be
validated.Some
people
like
it
more
than
others,but
everyone
wants
to
be
respected
and
appreciated
to
some
degree.I
certainly
do.I
know
that
whenever
I
choose
to
take
a
risk
and
share
my
work
with
the
world,I
wonder
about
how
the
people
around
me
will
see
me
because
of
that
choice.Will
this
help
my
fame?
Will
this
hurt
my
fame?
Should
I
even
be
worrying
about
my
fame?
Finally,I
decided
that
it
was
more
important
to
contribute
something
to
the
world
than
it
was
to
protect
myself
from
criticism.
The
truth
about
criticism
is
that
it’s
almost
always
in
your
head.It
is
natural
for
most
people
to
hold
onto
negative
criticism.According
to
a
research
paper
titled
“Bad
Is
Stronger
Than
Good”
by
Roy
Baumeister
and
researchers
at
Florida
State
University,we
are
more
likely
to
remember
negative
criticism
than
praise.Baumeister
found
that
even
happy
people
are
more
likely
to
remember
more
negative
events
than
positive
ones.In
fact,Baumeister
and
his
team
say
that
when
it
comes
to
your
brain,it
takes
about
five
positive
events
to
make
up
for
one
negative
one.
【篇章导读】本文是议论文。对于批评,我们的恐惧和难以释怀是正常的,但是我们需要忽略它们继续前行。
4.Whatpreventedtheauthorfromgettingstartedonwriting?
A.Herownfears.
B.Herlackofexperience.
C.People’sjudgmentonherworks.
D.People’sdifferentopinionsonwriting.
答案A
解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“ItwasmyworriesaboutwhattheywouldthinkifIwroteaboutthethingsIcaredabout.”可知答案。
5.Which
word
can
best
replace
the
underlined
word
“validated”
in
Paragraph
4?
A.Judged.
B.Helped.
C.Studied.
D.Praised.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。由下一句中的“everyonewantstoberespectedandappreciatedtosomedegree”可知,每个人都希望被尊重、赞扬和认可,因此画线词可以替换为praised(赞扬)。
6.What
kind
of
feeling
do
the
questions
in
Paragraph
4
show?
A.Shock.
B.Worry.
C.Regret.
D.Sadness.
答案B
解析推理判断题。这三个问题是作者在内心问自己的。每个人都想获得他人的肯定,维护自己的声誉,作者也不例外,因此会担心自己的决定影响自己的声誉。
7.What
can
be
learned
from
Roy
Baumeister’s
research?
A.We
should
try
to
avoid
negative
events.
B.Criticism
can
bring
about
positive
influence.
C.We
remember
negative
criticism
more
strongly.
D.Criticism
helps
people
know
more
about
themselves.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的“wearemorelikelytoremembernegativecriticismthanpraise”可知答案。
二、七选五
Adventure
sports
or
extreme
sports
are
a
lot
of
fun.It
is
one
sport
that
most
teenagers
would
like
to
try. 1
People
generally
think
that
these
sports
are
just
called
adventurous
and
have
nothing
to
do
with
adventure.However,nothing
could
be
further
from
the
truth.?
2
The
phrase
came
into
existence
in
the
1990’s.Many
enthusiasts
don’t
consider
adventure
sports
as
competitive,meaning
they
do
not
consider
them
as
“sports”.?
There
is
no
exact
definition
for
extreme
sports.Extreme
sports
include
inline
skating,snowboarding,free
diving,shark
diving
and
many
more. 3
Any
teenager
who
is
interested
in
trying
adventure
sports
can
try
any
of
these.An
adventure
sport
is
meant
to
be
filled
with
fun
and
enjoyment
as
well
as
being
adventurous.?
4
Octopus
wrestling
was
once
considered
as
an
adventure
sport
but
is
now
considered
as
cruel
and
doesn’t
fall
into
the
category
(范畴)
anymore.Snowboarding
and
skateboarding
have
been
popular
since
they
started
in
the
1950s.Kite
surfing
originated
in
13th-century
China.It
has
become
famous
since
then.?
Adventure
sports
are
fun. 5
However,if
you
are
very
fond
of
a
certain
sport
and
you
have
all
the
necessary
equipment
and
also
your
life
insurance
is
up
to
date,you
can
certainly
try
that
sport
out.?
A.They
are
well
known
to
the
teenagers.
B.There
are
many
different
kinds
of
adventure
sports.
C.Adventure
sports
are
of
much
worry
to
the
teenagers’
mums.
D.Extreme
sports
are
really
more
adventurous
than
they
sound.
E.But
there
are
some
activities
that
shouldn’t
be
tried
by
beginners.
F.All
these
sports
are
really
very
adventurous
and
are
actually
worth
trying.
G.“Extreme
sports”
is
a
phrase
that
is
commonly
used
for
adventurous
games.
答案与解析
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的特性、起源及所包含的类型等。
1.D 根据设空处下文中的“Peoplegenerallythinkthatthesesportsarejustcalledadventurousandhavenothingtodowithadventure.However,nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.”可知,极限运动事实上很危险,D项意义与之吻合。
2.G G项“‘Extremesports’isaphrasethatiscommonlyusedforadventurousgames.”与设空处下一句中的phrase前后呼应。
3.F 由设空处下文中的“Anadventuresportismeanttobefilledwithfunandenjoymentaswellasbeingadventurous.”可知,极限运动也有其意义所在,且F项中的“Allthesesports”与上文中的“inlineskating,snowboarding,freediving,sharkdivingandmanymore”相呼应。
4.B 根据下文中对不同极限运动的介绍可知,本段主要讲述了极限运动包括很多类型,故B项符合此处语境。
5.E 根据该空后的“However,ifyouareveryfondof...youcancertainlytrythatsportout”可知,设空处与下文之间为转折关系,后一句意为如果准备充分可以尝试极限活动,故设空处表意与其相反,E项内容“初学者不建议尝试极限运动”符合语境。
三、语法填空
Ever
since
I
was
a
young
girl
my
favourite
styles
of
music
have
been
jazz
and
blues,but
I’m
a
great
fan
of
other
styles,too.The
first
CD
I
bought
was
Chuck
Berry’s
GreatestHits
when
I
was
11.I
1.
(true)
loved
it
and
I
always
sang
along
and
danced
to
the
music.?
As
I
got
older
I
started
to
listen
to
other
musicians,such
as
Elvis
Presley.I
just
loved
music
2.
made
me
want
to
dance.I
started
to
love
soul
music
too
after
a
friend
bought
me
a
Motown
Classics
CD
for
my
15th
birthday.I’ve
read
a
lot
about
these
3.
(amaze)
artists
and
performers
and
still
do
till
this
day.As
quite
4.
shy
person,hearing
these
people
perform
5.
such
confidence
and
such
gifts
was
inspirational
to
me.?
Blues
music
is
rooted
in
African-American
history
and
developed
from
the
19th
century
when
African
slaves
and
ex-slaves
would
sing
about
6.
(they)
experiences.The
birthplace
of
the
blues
is
said
7.
(be)
the
Mississippi
Delta
near
New
Orleans
in
the
USA.Although
jazz
and
blues
are
8.
(difference)
genres
(流派)
of
music
they
have
always
influenced
each
other.I
think
I
enjoy
music
so
much
because
it
is
a
form
of
escapism
from
reality.And
a
study
9.
(make)
by
University
of
Missouri
shows
people
can
become
much
10.
(cheerful)
by
listening
to
something
upbeat.?
答案与解析
1.truly 考查副词。设空处修饰loved,表示“真心地”,故填truly。
2.that/which 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词music,且在从句中做主语,故填that或which。
3.amazing 考查动词-ing形式做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰artistsandperformers,意为“令人惊叹的”,故填amazing。
4.a 考查不定冠词。“quite+a(n)+adj.+名词单数形式”表示“一个非常……的……”。
5.with 考查介词。设空处在此引导状语,表示“有”,故填with。
6.their 考查代词。设空处在此表示所属(他们的),故填their。
7.to
be 考查不定式做宾语的用法。besaidtobe...意为“据说是……”。
8.different 考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰genres,意为“不同的”,故填different。
9.made 考查过去分词做定语的用法。study后跟定语,又因为make与study之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且make所表示的动作已完成,故填made。
10.more
cheerful 考查形容词的比较级。由前面的much可知,设空处应用形容词的比较级,故填morecheerful。
1限时规范练48
Unit
24
Society
B
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、保护环境的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A
Children
from
four
Buckinghamshire
primary
schools
visited
Epilepsy
Society
to
plant
a
hedge
(树篱)
as
part
of
a
Plant-for-the-Planet
project.The
children
from
these
schools
were
planting
a
hedge
in
the
garden
of
the
Queen
Elizabeth
House
at
the
charity
in
Chalfont
St
Peter.Plant-for-the-Planet
gives
children
across
the
globe
the
opportunity
to
learn
about
the
threats
of
global
warming
to
the
environment,and
then
put
their
new
knowledge
into
practice
as
they
plant
new
trees.
The
day
was
organised
by
Bob
Sherren
who
showed
the
children
how
to
plant
the
planet-friendly
line
of
trees
in
protective
chambers
(防护室)
to
shield
them
from
hungry
wildlife
as
they
settle
in
their
roots.Bob
said,“The
day
really
was
‘Thinking
Globally,Acting
Locally’
put
into
action.The
children
learned
about
the
importance
of
planting
trees
as
a
way
of
helping
to
bring
about
climate
justice
for
many
living
in
poorer
nations
and
of
course
enjoyed
planting
the
trees
too.”
The
eventual
hedge,which
will
grow
to
full
size
over
ten
years
behind
the
Queen
Elizabeth
House,is
made
up
of
trees
such
as
oaks,silver
birches
and
so
on.
Bob
added,“The
children
were
also
able
to
help
people
living
at
Epilepsy
Society
because
they
will
gain
some
well-needed
privacy
from
the
hedge
in
time.The
natural
wildlife
benefits
too
from
the
fruits
and
nuts
that
a
hedge
made
from
native
species
can
provide
as
well
as
the
possibility
for
any
number
of
nesting
sites.”
Emma
Darlington,Epilepsy
Society’s
volunteer
officer,said,“I
think
it’s
so
important
to
encourage
the
younger
generation
that
the
future
is
in
their
hands
and
that
they
can
make
a
difference,whether
it
is
through
taking
part
in
projects
like
this
or
spreading
awareness.We
hope
they
learn
a
little
bit
about
the
work
we
do
at
Epilepsy
Society
too
—
the
trees
they
planted
will
be
enjoyed
by
everyone
here
for
years
to
come.”
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。来自Buckinghamshire四所小学的学生参加Plant-for-the-Planet项目的种树活动,为遏制全球变暖贡献自己的一份力量。
1.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
Plant-for-the-Planet
project?
A.To
help
children
learn
more
about
society.
B.To
offer
children
colourful
after-school
activities.
C.To
raise
children’s
awareness
of
global
warming.
D.To
teach
children
how
to
protect
natural
wildlife.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plant-for-the-Planetgiveschildrenacrosstheglobetheopportunitytolearnaboutthethreatsofglobalwarmingtotheenvironment...”可知,该项目的目的是提升孩子们对全球变暖的认识。
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“shield”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.Separate.
B.Take.
C.Get.
D.Protect.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“planttheplanet-friendlylineoftreesinprotectivechambers”可知,将树种在保护室的目的是保护树免遭饥饿的动物破坏。
3.How
did
Bob
Sherren
feel
after
organising
this
activity?
A.Tired.
B.Proud.
C.Discouraged.
D.Peaceful.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bobsaid,‘Theday...enjoyedplantingthetreestoo.’”可推断,Bob对组织这次活动感到自豪。
4.What
can
we
learn
from
Emma
Darlington’s
words
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.She
hopes
to
popularise
volunteering
work.
B.She
tries
to
drive
the
children
to
study
hard.
C.She
expects
the
children
to
take
positive
action.
D.She
believes
the
younger
generation
is
promising.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ithinkit’ssoimportantto...spreadingawareness”可知,她期望孩子们能有所作为,积极参与到应对全球变暖的行动中。
B
Sam
is
a
fourth-year
student
at
Harvard
Medical
School,but
poetry
is
still
a
big
part
of
her
life,now
with
a
new
teacher
who
believes
poetry
can
benefit
every
doctor’s
education
and
work,Rafael
Campo.Rafael
is
a
doctor,professor
and
a
highly
respected
poet.
“Poetry
is
in
every
encounter
(邂逅)
with
my
patients.I
think
healing
really
in
a
very
great
way
is
about
poetry.And
if
we
do
anything
when
we’re
with
our
patients,we’re
really
losing
ourselves
in
their
stories,really
hearing
their
voices.And,certainly,that’s
what
a
poem
does,”
he
said.
Campo
worries
that
something
important
has
been
lost
in
medicine
and
medical
education
today:humanity,which
he
finds
in
poetry.To
end
that,he
leads
a
weekly
reading
and
writing
workshop
for
medical
students
and
residents
(住院医生).
He
thinks
medical
training
focuses
too
much
on
distancing
the
doctor
from
his
or
her
patients,and
poems
can
help
close
that
gap.
Third-year
resident
Andrea
Schwartz
was
one
of
the
workshop
regulars.She
said,“I
think
there’s
no
other
profession
other
than
medicine
that
produces
as
many
writers
as
it
does.And
I
think
that
is
because
there’s
just
so
much
power
in
doctors
and
patients
interacting
when
patients
are
at
their
saddest.”
Not
everyone
believes
that’s
what
doctors
should
do,though.
Rafael
said,“I
was
afraid
of
how
people
might
judge
me,actually.In
the
medical
profession,as
many
people
know,we
must
always
put
the
emergency
first.But,you
know,that
kind
of
treatment,if
it’s
happening
in
the
hospital,very
regrettably,sadly,results
in
a
bad
outcome.The
family
is
sitting
by
the
bedside.The
patient
hasn’t
survived
the
cancer.Don’t
we
still
have
a
role
as
healers
there?”
In
a
poem
titled
“Health”,Campo
writes
of
the
wish
to
live
forever
in
a
world
made
painless
by
our
incurable
joy.He
says
he
will
continue
teaching
students,helping
patients
and
writing
poems,his
own
brand
of
medicine.
【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。诗歌不只是文人墨客的专属,它还为前赴后继的医护人员带来内心的慰藉,它是医护工作中的润滑剂,是治愈伤痛的“良药”。
5.What
do
we
know
about
Rafael
Campo?
A.He
works
as
a
doctor.
B.He
is
under
medical
care.
C.He
is
a
literature
professor.
D.He
knows
little
about
poetry.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Rafaelisadoctor”可知答案。
6.What
does
the
author
try
to
show
in
Paragraph
2?
A.The
importance
of
medical
training.
B.The
effect
of
poetry
in
medical
treatment.
C.The
similarity
involved
in
poetry
and
medical
work.
D.The
present
relationship
between
patients
and
doctors.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Poetryisineveryencounterwithmypatients”和“that’swhatapoemdoes”可知,作者想通过第二段表达诗歌和医护工作的相通之处。
7.What
does
Andrea
Schwartz
think
of
poetry?
A.It
comforts
patients’
family.
B.It
contributes
to
medical
work.
C.It
has
nothing
to
do
with
doctors.
D.It
keeps
doctors
away
from
patients.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteracting”可知,AndreaSchwartz认为诗歌有助于医生和病人之间的互动。
8.What
is
Rafael
Campo’s
view
on
poetry?
A.It
requires
a
lot
of
spare
time.
B.It
can
provide
a
useful
tool
for
doctors.
C.It
has
little
effect
on
patients’
conditions.
D.It
should
be
included
in
emergency
treatments.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容特别是末段中的“hisownbrandofmedicine”可知,RafaelCampo认为诗歌对医生来说是一个有用的工具。
二、完形填空
Last
week,my
friends
and
I
were
on
a
vacation
in
UAE
(the
United
Arab
Emirates).One
day,we
were
visiting
Abu
Dhabi,
1
with
a
few
passengers
in
a
bus.At
our
2
stop,we
got
out
to
take
some
pictures.At
our
second
stop,we
noticed
that
we
had
3
one
of
our
shoulder
bags.The
4
part
was
that
our
passports,visas
(签证)
and
hotel
booking
papers
were
all
inside
it
and
we
felt
very
nervous
and
5 ,as
we
had
to
return
to
India
in
two
days.?
During
this
process
of
6
the
bag
we
met
so
many
strangers
who
were
really
warm-hearted
and
7 .?
A
tour
guide
and
a
bus
driver
helped
call
us
a
taxi
so
that
we
could
travel
back
to
find
our
bag.
A
taxi
driver
8
us
for
almost
three
hours
to
help
us.He
took
us
to
the
hotel
we
had
stayed
in,
9
that
a
cleaner
might
have
found
the
bag.Then
he
took
us
to
the
nearest
police
station
and
helped
us
in
10
with
the
policeman,who
only
spoke
Arabic.He
11
us
and
comforted
us
by
stating,“Nobody
loses
their
goods
in
our
country.Don’t
worry.You
will
find
your
bag.”?
A
tourist
standing
outside
the
park
at
our
first
stop
was
12
his
friend’s
car
and
he
had
to
be
somewhere. 13 ,he
decided
to
help
us
and
spent
30-40
minutes
in
looking
for
the
bag
with
us.?
A
policeman
searched
through
14
in
the
lost
and
found
department.?
A
local
man,who
actually 15
our
bag,checked
the
bag
and
found
a
number
to
a
travel
agency.He
managed
to
get
in
touch
with
us
and
16
us
our
bag
back.?
On
that
day,there
was
real
17
inside
me
and
in
such
a
mindset
(心态)
I
was
not
able
to
say
thanks
to
all
those
18
who
helped
us.?
I
don’t
even
know
their
names,but
I
will
never
be
able
to
19
their
kindness.The
world
needs
more
people
like
them
and
I’ve
decided
to
try
to
20
one
of
them.?
【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己和朋友们在阿布达比旅行期间,如何在陌生人的帮助下找回装有重要证件的挎包的故事。
1.A.traveling
B.struggling
C.discussing
D.playing
答案A
解析根据本段中的“myfriendsandIwereonavacation”及“wewerevisitingAbuDhabi”可知,作者一行人乘车“游玩(traveling)”。
2.A.short
B.present
C.first
D.lunch
答案C
解析根据本段中的“Atoursecondstop”可知,作者一行人在“第一(first)”站下车拍照。
3.A.checked
B.lost
C.prepared
D.removed
答案B
解析根据下文中对找包过程的描述可知,作者一行人到达第二站的时候发现他们“丢了(lost)”一只挎包。
4.A.central
B.basic
C.biggest
D.worst
答案D
解析根据本段中的“ourpassports,visasandhotelbookingpaperswereallinsideitandwefeltverynervous”及“aswehadtoreturntoIndiaintwodays”可知,“最糟糕的(worst)”是作者一行人的重要证件都在那只丢失的挎包里,而且他们两天后就要返回印度,所以他们感到非常焦虑和“担心(worried)”。
5.A.bored
B.worried
C.exhausted
D.surprised
答案B
解析见上题解析。
6.A.asking
for
B.taking
over
C.looking
through
D.searching
for
答案D
解析根据下文中的描述可知,作者一行人在“寻找(searchingfor)”挎包的过程中,遇到了很多热心的、对他们“很有帮助的(helpful)”陌生人。
7.A.helpful
B.cheerful
C.successful
D.powerful
答案A
解析见上题解析。
8.A.relied
on
B.stayed
with
C.ran
after
D.talked
with
答案B
解析根据本段中对出租车司机帮助作者一行人的描述可知,这位司机和作者一行人“待了(stayedwith)”将近三个小时。
9.A.hoping
B.knowing
C.promising
D.remembering
答案A
解析根据本段中的“Hetookustothehotelwehadstayedin”及“acleanermighthavefoundthebag”可知,出租车司机把作者一行人带回他们曾住过的酒店,因为他“希望(hoping)”某位清洁工找到了那只丢失的挎包。
10.A.competing
B.arguing
C.comparing
D.communicating
答案D
解析根据该空后的“policeman,whoonlyspokeArabic”可知,出租车司机把作者一行人带到了最近的一个警察局,并帮助他们与那里只会说阿拉伯语的警察“交流(communicating)”。
11.A.introduced
B.supported
C.encouraged
D.amused
答案C
解析根据该空后的“comfortedusbystating,‘Nobodylosestheirgoodsinourcountry.Don’tworry.Youwillfindyourbag.’”可知,出租车司机在“鼓励(encouraged)”、安慰作者一行人。
12.A.caring
for
B.getting
into
C.waiting
for
D.working
on
答案C
解析根据本段中的“hehadtobesomewhere”及“hedecidedtohelpusandspent30-40minutesinlookingforthebagwithus”可知,一位游客本来在“等(waitingfor)”朋友的车去别处,“但是(However)”,他决定先帮助作者一行人。
13.A.However
B.Therefore
C.Otherwise
D.Besides
答案A
解析见上题解析。
14.A.something
B.anything
C.nothing
D.everything
答案D
解析根据本段中的“Apoliceman”及“inthelostandfounddepartment”可知,一位警察为了帮作者一行人找包,把失物招领处的“所有东西(everything)”仔细搜寻了一遍。
15.A.kept
B.noticed
C.found
D.collected
答案C
解析根据本段中的“checkedthebagandfoundanumbertoatravelagency”及“Hemanagedtogetintouchwithus”可知,一个当地人“找到了(found)”作者一行人的包,并且设法和他们取得了联系,把包还“给了(give)”作者一行人。
16.A.show
B.give
C.throw
D.buy
答案B
解析见上题解析。
17.A.concern
B.regret
C.shame
D.impatience
答案A
解析根据第一段中的“wefeltverynervous”及第二段中的“wemetsomanystrangers”可知,作者丢失挎包后内心非常“担忧(concern)”,在这种状态下他没能好好对帮助他们的“陌生人(strangers)”说一声谢谢。
18.A.students
B.adults
C.passengers
D.strangers
答案D
解析见上题解析。
19.A.doubt
B.forget
C.refuse
D.repay
答案B
解析根据本段中的“Idon’tevenknowtheirnames”及“Theworldneedsmorepeoplelikethem”可知,作者不会“忘记(forget)”这些陌生人的善举,他决定努力“成为(become)”好心人中的一员。
20.A.thank
B.miss
C.become
D.accept
答案C
解析见上题解析。
三、短文改错
I
used
become
angry
easily
and
didn’t
get
along
well
with
anyone.Little
things
like
people
looked
at
me
could
get
me
angry.When
people
got
too
close
to
us,I
would
push
them
away.My
mom
was
no
exception.I
don’t
understand
at
that
time
when
my
mom
had
done
for
me.But
growing
up,I
realised
I’d
been
causing
endless
trouble
for
my
family.I
was
either
accidentally
breaking
something
and
talking
back
to
them.However,no
matter
how
hard
that
was
to
take
care
of
me,my
parent
never
gave
up.Finally,I
realised
I
loved
them
deep
down
in
my
heart.Now
I
know
I
shouldn’t
treat
them
bad
and
I
should
be
nice
to
them
all
of
the
time.
答案
第一句:used后加to
第二句:looked→looking
第三句:us→me
第五句:don’t→didn’t;when→what
第七句:and→or
第八句:that→it;parent→parents
第十句:bad→badly;去掉of
1(共25张PPT)
Unit
24 Society
-2-
必背表达单词——写作信手拈来
1.homelessness
n. 无家可归
2.inequality
n.
不平等
3.voluntary
adj.
自愿的
4.abundant
adj.
大量的
5.deposit
vt.&vi.
存储,储蓄
6.currency
n.
货币
7.govern
vt.
统治,管理
8.accumulate
v.
积累
9.ownership
n.
所有权
10.burden
n.
负担;重担
11.rag
n.
破旧衣服
12.vacant
adj.
未住人的;空置的
-3-
13.adjustment
n.
调整,调节
14.mutton
n.
羊肉
15.bare
adj.
赤裸的
16.pension
n.
退休金,养老金
17.resign
vt.&vi.
辞职
18.pregnant
adj.
怀孕的
19.choke
vi.
窒息;噎住
20.delete
vt.
删除
21.shrink
vi.
(使)收缩,缩小
22.virtue
n.
优点,长处
23.feast
n.
盛宴,宴会
24.elect
vt.
选举;推选
25.merciful
adj.
仁慈的;宽大的
-4-
26.sow
vt.&vi.
播种
27.weed
n.
杂草,野草
28.fountain
n.
喷泉,喷水池
29.wag
vt.
摇摆;摆动
30.packet
n.
小盒
31.grocer
n.
食品杂货商
32.rot
vt.&vi.
腐烂
33.league
n.
联合会
34.poster
n.
海报
35.skip
vt.
跳过
36.cast
vt.
投下
37.undertake
vt.
着手做;从事
38.thirst
n.
口渴
-5-
39.container
n.
容器
40.relay
vt.
转达,传送
41.spoonful
n.
一匙之量
42.fine
n.
罚款
43.sentence
n.
判决
44.consequently
adv.
因此;所以
45.swing
vi.
摇动
46.seagull
n.
海鸥
47.spiritual
adj.
精神的,宗教的,教会的
48.prayer
n.
祈祷,祷告
49.merchant
n.
商人
50.pan
n.
锅,平底锅
51.suck
vt.
含在嘴里吮食
-6-
识记阅读单词——读文理解通畅
1.abortion
n.
堕胎,人工流产
2.graph
n.
图表
3.signature
n.
签名
4.taxpayer
n.
纳税人
5.brunch
n.
早午餐
6.buffet
n.
自助餐
7.diverse
adj.
各种各样的
8.grill
n.
烤架
9.vice
n.
恶习;坏习惯
10.fingernail
n.
手指甲
-7-
11.hydrogen
n.
氢
12.format
n.
格式
13.framework
n.
构架,结构
14.surplus
n.
盈余;剩余
15.roundabout
n.
环形交叉路口;环岛
16.collision
n.
相撞
17.paddle
vt.&vi.
划水;涉水
18.ministry
n.
部
19.edition
n.
版本
20.alley
n.
小巷;胡同
-8-
21.rectangular
adj.
长方形的
22.mop
n.
拖把
23.fragrant
adj.
有香味的
24.squeeze
vt.
挤
25.arch
n.
拱顶
26.abolish
vt.
废除
27.anchor
n.
锚
28.Buddhism
n.
佛教
29.wax
n.
蜡
30.semicircle
n.
半圆(形)
-9-
『语用规律归纳』
1.以“-ual”结尾的单词小结
(1)spiritual
adj.
宗教的;教会的;精神的
(2)gradual
adj.
逐渐的
(3)equal
adj.
平等的
(4)virtual
adj.
虚拟的
(5)eventual
adj.
最后的;终于的
(6)usual
adj.
通常的
(7)actual
adj.
实际的;现行的
(8)casual
adj.
随便的
(9)individual
adj.
个别的;独特的
n.
个体;个人
-10-
2.由后缀“-ment”构成的名词面面观
(1)argue→argument
争论
(2)equip→equipment
装备
(3)improve→improvement
提高
(4)develop→development
发展
(5)establish→establishment
建立
(6)employ→employment
雇用
(7)amuse→amusement
娱乐
(8)assess→assessment
评估
(9)advertise→advertisement
广告
(10)disappoint→disappointment
失望
-11-
3.与交通相关的词汇
(1)traffic
lights
交通灯
(2)fine
for
speeding因超速驾驶而罚款
(3)crossing十字路口
(4)parking
lot停车场
(5)transportation交通
(6)roundabout环形交叉路口
(7)traffic
accident交通事故
(8)go
through/run
a
red
light闯红灯
-12-
『构织连脉词族』
1.equal
adj.
平等的→unequal
adj.
不平等的→equality
n.
平等→inequality
n.
不平等→equally
adv.
平等地→unequally
adv.
不平等地
2.volunteer
vi.
自愿
n.
志愿者→voluntary
adj.
志愿的
3.abundant
adj.
大量的→abundantly
adv.
大量地→abundance
n.
丰富,充足
4.govern
vt.
统治→government
n.
统治→governor
n.
省长;州长
5.accumulate
vt.
积累→accumulation
n.
积累→accumulative
adj.
积累的
-13-
6.bare
adj.
赤裸的,无遮掩的;光秃的 v.
使赤裸;揭露;露出;透露→barely
adv.
仅仅,勉强;贫乏地;几乎没有;光秃秃地
7.elect
vt.
选举,推选→election
n.
选举
8.mercy
n.
仁慈,慈悲,宽恕→merciful
adj.
仁慈的;慈悲的→mercifully
adv.
仁慈地;慈悲地
9.thirst
n.
口渴→thirsty
adj.
渴的
10.contain
vt.
包含;容忍;容纳→container
n.
容器
11.spoon
n.
汤匙→spoonful
n.
一匙之量
12.consequent
adj.
随之发生的→consequently
adv.
因此,所以→consequence
n.
结果;推论;推理
13.spirit
n.
精神,灵魂,心灵→spiritual
adj.
信教的;精神上的,崇高的,神圣的;理智的→spiritually
adv.
精神上
-14-
『语境活用』
1.It
came
as
no
surprise
that
the
party
won
the
election(选举)
because
it
showed
mercy(仁慈)
on
the
people.
2.All
the
volunteers(志愿者)
have
a
thirst
(渴望)
for
helping
those
who
lived
in
poverty.
3.All
these
files
are
very
important.You
can’t
delete(删除)them;undertaking(保证)
that
your
computer
may
work
well.
4.Dust
and
dirt
soon
accumulate(积累)if
a
house
is
vacant(空置的)
for
some
time.
5.All
the
villagers
are
accustomed
to
depositing(deposit)
sorts
of
foods
in
abundance(abundant)
at
home
in
case
someone
might
pay
a
visit.
-15-
1.keep
an
eye
on
照看,留心,注意
2.do
away
with
废除,去掉
3.sentence
sb
to
death
判处某人死刑
4.keep
control
over
保持对……的控制
5.dress
up
乔装打扮
6.come
into
being
形成,存在
7.show
off
炫耀
8.knock
into
sb撞上某人
9.break
into
闯入
10.make
up
言归于好
-16-
『语境活用』
用上面的短语填空
1.Knowing
that
it
was
just
misunderstanding,the
couple
at
last
made
up.
2.A
stranger
asked
me
to
keep
an
eye
on
his
luggage
while
I
was
waiting
for
a
bus,which
I
thought
at
the
moment,was
a
trap.
3.Jack
hurried
into
the
classroom
but
right
knocked
into
his
teacher
who
had
been
there
for
a
long
time.
4.Many
citizens
dress
up
and
gather
together
on
the
square
on
the
National
Day.
5.After
they
negotiated
with
officials
from
different
countries,the
new
national
regulations
at
last
came
into
being.
-17-
『语用规律归纳』
1.“渴望”家族再聚首
(1)be
dying
for
sth/be
thirsty
for
sth渴望得到某物
(2)have
a
thirst
for渴望得到……
(3)long
to
do
sth/for
sth想要做某事/某物;渴望做某事/某物
(4)be
anxious
to
do
sth/for
sth想要做某事/某物;渴望做某事/某物
(5)be
dying
to
do
sth想要做某事;渴望做某事
(6)be
eager
to
do
sth/for
sth想要做某事/某物;渴望做某事/某物
-18-
2.“on+名词”的高频短语
(1)on
principle
根据原则
(2)on
duty
在值日
(3)on
demand一经要求
(4)on
account
of由于
(5)on
show/display在展览
(6)on
board在车(船、飞机)上
(7)on
business出差;因公
(8)on
average平均;一般来说
-19-
『领悟教材语境』
1.Sometimes
we
try
to
deposit
a
little
or
change
our
money
into
different
countries’
currencies
in
the
hope
that
we
can
make
even
more
money.(Page
34)
有时我们试图存上一些钱,或者把我们的钱换成不同国家的货币,希望我们能赚更多的钱。
[考点提炼]in
the
hope
that的用法。
2.Thus,the
circle
goes
round
and
round
and
gets
more
and
more
complicated.(Page
34)
这样,这个圈子不停地转,变得越来越复杂。
[考点提炼]比较级叠用表示“越来越……”。
-20-
3.Not
increased
happiness,but
stress
and
less
free
time
to
be
ourselves
and
enjoy
being
with
our
friends
and
families.(Page
34)
(结果)不是更快乐了,而是压力(增加了),独处和享受与朋友、家人共处的自由支配时间更少了。
[考点提炼]not...but...“不是……而是……”的用法。
4.As
a
society,it’s
high
time
that
we
took
these
issues
more
seriously.(Page
34)
作为一个社会来说,是我们该更加认真地对待这些问题的时候了。
[考点提炼]句型It’s(high/about)time
that...的用法。
5.I’d
rather
you
didn’t
bite
your
fingernails
in
front
of
me.(Page
35)
我宁愿你不在我面前咬你的手指甲。
[考点提炼]I’d
rather
that...句型的用法。
-21-
『高考写作情景』
1.那位交亲没有帮助他儿子,是希望他能独立处理事情。
The
father
didn’t
lend
his
son
a
hand
in
the
hope
that
he
could
deal
with
matters
independently.
2.随着中国经济的迅速发展,中国人民的生活越来越舒适。
With
China’s
economy
developing
rapidly,the
Chinese
people’s
life
is
becoming
more
and
more
comfortable.
3.不是我们说什么,而是我们做什么会产生影响。
It’s
not
what
we
say
but
what
we
do
that
makes
a
difference.
4.该是你改掉那些坏习惯的时候了。
It’s
time
that
you
got
rid
of
your
bad
habits.
5.我宁愿你在花园里锻炼身体。
I’d
rather
you
worked
out
in
the
garden.
-22-
『主题与语法填空』
Many
of
us
in
developed
societies
are
trapped
in
a
1.spending(spend)circle.We
work
2.so
hard
that
we
can
earn
more
money.When
we
have
more
money,we
spend
more
and
because
we
spend
more,we
have
to
work
even
3.harder(hard).But
strangely
enough,the
more
money
we
earn,the
less
often
we
see
it.4.Instead,we
start
putting
our
signatures
on
credit
cards
and
spending
money
we
don’t
even
have.Besides,we’re
all
taxpayers
so
the
more
we
earn
the
5.more
tax
we
have
to
pay
to
those
6.who
govern
us.Thus,the
circle
goes
round
and
round
and
gets
more
and
more
complicated.
-23-
In
this
spending
circle,7.on
the
one
hand,we
accumulate
possessions
but
never
feel
like
we
have
enough.On
the
other
hand,we
work
towards
the
8.ownership(own)of
bigger
and
better
houses
and
cars
and
never
have
time
to
enjoy
them.Instead,they
feel
like
a
burden
because
every
month
we
have
to
hand
9.over
most
of
the
money
we
earn
to
pay
for
them.And
the
result
of
all
this?
Not
increased
happiness,10.but
stress
and
less
free
time
to
be
ourselves
and
enjoy
being
with
our
friends
and
families.
-24-
-25-
